Fully-closed automatic biomass particle processing equipment

Abstract

The fully-closed automatic biomass particle processing equipment comprises a machine body, the machine body is composed of a first chamber, a second chamber and a third chamber, a first smashing mechanism, a second smashing mechanism and a spiral feeder are arranged in the first chamber, and a grinding mechanism and a pressing mechanism are arranged in the second chamber; a first conveying channel and a second conveying channel are arranged on the two sides of the first chamber respectively, the second smashing mechanism is arranged in a closed smashing chamber, the bottom of the first smashing mechanism is communicated with the smashing chamber through a guide port, a discharging port and a first air outlet are formed in the two sides of the smashing chamber respectively, and a second air outlet is further formed in the top of the first conveying channel. A feeding port of the grinding mechanism is connected with a negative pressure suction machine, a discharging port of the grinding mechanism is connected with the pressing mechanism, a grid conveying belt is further arranged below the pressing mechanism, the cooling mechanism comprises a draught fan and an air supplementing port, and the draught fan is connected with a first air outlet and a second air outlet through air pipes. And the processed material is not easy to break.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to fully enclosed automatic biomass particle processing equipment. Background Art

[0002] The general process of biomass pellet processing is to first send the scraps, bark and other impurities generated during wood processing into a crusher to break them into blocks, then send them to multiple crushers to crush them into small particles, and then send them to a grinder to grind the raw materials into fine powder. After that, they are sent to a press for extrusion to obtain finished pellets. The finished pellets also need to be cooled in a cooling tower, dusted by a dust collector, and screened by a sieving machine before they can be obtained as the final product. In the existing technology, the equipment for each of the above-mentioned processes is placed separately, which takes up a large space. In addition, since the various processes cannot be accurately coordinated and unified, the flow and storage of materials require additional space. It is particularly worth mentioning that a large amount of dust is diffused into the factory during the crushing and grinding processes. When the dust concentration reaches a certain level, there is a risk of explosion. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art and to provide a fully enclosed automated biomass pellet processing device, which has the advantages of taking up less space and being safer and more reliable.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is: a fully enclosed automated biomass particle processing equipment, including a body, the body consisting of a first chamber, a second chamber and a third chamber, a first crushing mechanism, a second crushing mechanism and a screw feeder are arranged from top to bottom in the first chamber, a grinding mechanism and a pressing mechanism are arranged from top to bottom in the second chamber, a first feeding channel is provided on a side of the first chamber away from the second chamber, and a second feeding channel is provided between the first chamber and the second chamber; The first crushing mechanism outputs flake materials. The bottom of the first crushing mechanism has a bottom plate arranged obliquely downward and connected to the first feeding channel. The bottom plate is provided with an openable and closable material guide port. The second crushing mechanism is arranged in a closed crushing chamber. The material guide port is connected to the crushing chamber. The crushing chamber is provided with a discharge port on a side facing the first feeding channel. The crushing chamber is also provided with a first air outlet for blowing the material toward the discharge port. The second crushing mechanism outputs small particles. The top of the first feeding channel is also provided with a second air outlet. The small particles and flakes enter the screw feeder from the first feeding channel, are stirred and mixed, and then fed to the bottom of the second feeding channel; The feed port of the grinding mechanism is connected to a negative pressure suction machine, which sucks up the material at the bottom of the second feeding channel and conveys it to the grinding mechanism. The powder material with long fibers ground by the grinding mechanism is fed into the pressing mechanism; A mesh conveyor belt is further provided below the pressing mechanism, and a cooling mechanism and an output mechanism are arranged in the third chamber. The cooling mechanism includes a fan and an air supply port. The mesh conveyor belt passes between the fan and the air supply port. The fan is connected to the first air outlet and the second air outlet respectively through an air duct. During the cooling process of the granular material, the fan absorbs the powder attached to the granular material and returns the powder to the first chamber.

[0005] Furthermore, the pressing mechanism consists of a horizontal pressing bin, a feed bin, a pressure plate, and a hydraulic cylinder that drives the pressure plate to move between the feed bin and the pressing bin. The peripheral wall of the pressing bin is densely covered with through holes, and the discharge port of the grinding mechanism is connected to the feed bin.

[0006] Preferably, there are two sets of grinding mechanisms and pressing mechanisms, and the two sets of pressing mechanisms are staggered and arranged facing each other.

[0007] Furthermore, the second chamber is provided with installation rooms corresponding to the two sets of pressing mechanisms respectively, and a partition is provided in the middle of the installation room. The ends of the pressing bins and the feeding bins of the two sets of pressing mechanisms are respectively connected to the side walls of the installation room and the partitions. The hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the partition and connected to the corresponding pressure plate. The pressing bins are provided with multiple reinforcing rings, and the outer periphery of the feeding bins is provided with multiple support columns.

[0008] Furthermore, a filter screen is provided on the discharge port of the crushing chamber to prevent excessive un-crushed flake materials from entering the first feeding channel.

[0009] Furthermore, three guide plates are provided in the crushing chamber. The first air outlet is provided at the bottom of the crushing chamber. The guide plate corresponding to the first air outlet is named the first guide plate. The first guide plate is a concave arc. The guide plate above the first guide plate is named the second guide plate. The second guide plate is triangular. The guide plate above the first air outlet for rebounding the material ejected when the second crushing mechanism is working to the second crushing mechanism is named the third guide plate.

[0010] Furthermore, a baffle is provided between the first crushing mechanism and the second air outlet.

[0011] Furthermore, the material guide port is provided with a louver-shaped door leaf, which consists of a frame, a plurality of louver blades equidistantly connected to the door leaf, and a driving mechanism for driving each louver blade to swing. The driving mechanism is a cylinder fixed on the frame and a rack that moves back and forth along the edge of the frame. The cylinder drives the rack to move, and a gear is fixed to one end of each louver blade, and the rack is engaged with each gear.

[0012] Furthermore, a feeding port is provided on the top of the first chamber, and the feeding port is arranged corresponding to the first crushing mechanism.

[0013] Furthermore, the output mechanism is a vibrating screen arranged obliquely downward, and a conveying crawler for outputting the crushed particles out of the machine body is provided below the vibrating screen.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the layout of the whole equipment is reasonable, the processing cycle is fast, and the space occupied is only 1 / 4 or even less than that of the existing technology; The entire equipment is a continuous feeding and processing device, and does not require material storage. Compared with the existing technology, it also saves space for storing the materials processed by each crushing mechanism; The entire equipment is fully enclosed except for the feed and discharge ports. The entire processing process is carried out inside the machine body, which can effectively prevent dust from spreading in the factory. On the one hand, it is conducive to the realization of clean production, and on the other hand, it can also improve production safety and avoid explosion hazards caused by excessive dust concentration. The airflow generated when the cooling mechanism is working is transported to the first air outlet and the second air outlet for internal circulation, making full use of the powder and airflow generated during the production process. The airflow not only returns the powder to the first chamber for reuse, but also assists in the discharge of the processed materials of the first and second crushing mechanisms. It is worth mentioning that the biomass particles processed by the present invention have a more stable structure and are resistant to friction and collision and not easily broken. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the pressing mechanism in the present invention; Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the crushing chamber in the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the door leaf in the open state of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the door leaf in the closed state of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the grid conveyor belt in the present invention.

[0016] In the figure: the first crushing mechanism 1, the second crushing mechanism 2, the screw feeder 3, the grinding mechanism 4, the pressing mechanism 5, the cooling mechanism 6, the output mechanism 7, the first chamber 8, the second chamber 9, the third chamber 10, the first feed channel 11, the second feed channel 12, the bottom plate 13, the guide port 14, the crushing chamber 15, the first air outlet 16, the second air outlet 17, the negative pressure suction machine 18, the pressing bin 19, the feed bin 20, the hydraulic cylinder 21, the mesh conveyor belt 22, the fan 23, the air supply port 24, the partition 25, the reinforcement ring 26, the support column 27, the filter screen 28, the first guide plate 29, the second guide plate 30, the third guide plate 31, the baffle 32, the frame 33, the louver 34, and the feed port 35. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The technical solutions of the present application are further specifically described below by examples in combination with the drawings.

[0018] In combination Figure 1-6 As shown in the drawings, a fully-closed automatic biomass particle processing equipment comprises a machine body, a first crushing mechanism 1 for crushing blocky material into pieces, a second crushing mechanism 2 for crushing the piece-shaped material into small particles, a spiral feeder 3 for mixing and feeding the material, a grinding mechanism 4 for grinding the mixed material into long-fiber powder, a pressing mechanism 5 for pressing the material into particles, a cooling mechanism 6 for cooling the pressed material, and an output mechanism 7 for screening and outputting the material; The machine body is composed of a first chamber 8, a second chamber 9 and a third chamber 10, the first crushing mechanism 1, the second crushing mechanism 2 and the spiral feeder 3 are arranged from top to bottom in the first chamber 8, the grinding mechanism 4 and the pressing mechanism 5 are arranged from top to bottom in the second chamber 9, and the first chamber 8 is provided with a first material conveying passage 11 away from the second chamber 9, and the first chamber 8 and the second chamber 9 are provided with a second material conveying passage 12 therebetween; The bottom of the first crushing mechanism 1 is provided with a bottom plate 13 inclined downward to the first material conveying passage 11, the bottom plate 13 is provided with an openable and closable material guide port 14, the second crushing mechanism 2 is arranged in a closed crushing chamber 15, the material guide port 14 is communicated with the crushing chamber 15, the side of the crushing chamber 15 facing the first material conveying passage 11 is provided with a material outlet, the bottom of the first material conveying passage 11 is connected with the feed inlet of the spiral feeder 3, and the crushing chamber 15 is further provided with a first air outlet 16 for blowing the material to the material outlet, and the top of the first material conveying passage 11 is further provided with a second air outlet 17 arranged downward; In the above structure, the material guide port 14 is intermittently opened, when the material guide port 14 is opened, the piece-shaped material crushed by the first crushing mechanism 1 is guided to the second crushing mechanism 2, the piece-shaped material is crushed into small particle material by the second crushing mechanism 2, and the small particle material is blown out to the first material conveying passage 11 by the first air outlet 16 and then discharged downward; when the material guide port 14 is closed, the piece-shaped material crushed by the first crushing mechanism 1 is discharged downward from the first material conveying passage 11; the small particle material and the piece-shaped material enter the spiral feeder 3 from the first material conveying passage 11, are mixed after being stirred, and are then conveyed; the second air outlet 17 is mainly arranged to avoid the material being blown upward by the air flow, so as to ensure the smooth falling of the material; The material outlet of the spiral feeder 3 is communicated with the bottom of the second material conveying passage 12, the feed inlet of the grinding mechanism 4 is connected with a negative pressure material suction machine 18, the conveying pipe of the negative pressure material suction machine 18 is inserted into and extends to the bottom of the second material conveying passage 12, and the negative pressure material suction machine 18 sucks and conveys the mixed material into the grinding mechanism 4. The pressing mechanism 5 is composed of a horizontal pressing bin 19, a feed bin 20, a pressing plate, and a hydraulic cylinder 21 for driving the pressing plate to move between the feed bin 20 and the pressing bin 19. The peripheral wall of the pressing bin 19 is densely covered with through holes. The discharge port of the grinding mechanism 4 is connected to the feed bin 20. The powder material with long fibers processed by the grinding mechanism 4 first enters the feed bin 20 for accumulation. The pressing plate pushes the material into the pressing bin 19 under the action of the hydraulic cylinder 21, and then continues to squeeze the material. Under the action of high pressure, the material is squeezed out of the through holes of the pressing bin 19 to form granular material. In the above structure, the horizontal pressing mechanism 5 can save installation space and facilitate the grinding mechanism 4 to feed the pressing mechanism 5; It should be noted that the purpose of mixing long fibers into the powdery material is to make the final product pellets easier to shape and less likely to break. The long fibers will form a network structure in the pellets, making the structure of the whole pellets more stable, and the integrity of the pellets can be maintained in the face of friction and collision during packaging and transportation. The principle of long fiber formation is that the flakes processed by the first crushing mechanism 1 are directly mixed with the small pellets processed by the second crushing mechanism 2 and then enter the mill for grinding. Since the working principle of the mill is to use two grinding discs to grind the materials, the long fibers in all the flakes cannot be completely broken during the grinding process. Therefore, the long fibers are directly mixed into the powder and enter the pressing mechanism 5 for pressing. A mesh conveyor belt 22 is further provided below the pressing mechanism 5 for conveying the material to the cooling mechanism 6. The cooling mechanism 6 and the output mechanism 7 are arranged in the third chamber 10. The cooling mechanism 6 includes a fan 23 arranged at the top of the third chamber 10 and an air supply port 24 vertically arranged below the fan 23. The mesh conveyor belt 22 passes between the fan 23 and the air supply port 24 and conveys the material to the output mechanism 7. The fan 23 is connected to the first air outlet 16 and the second air outlet 17 respectively through air ducts. In the above structure, the granular material pressed out by the pressing mechanism 5 falls on the mesh conveyor belt 22 and is conveyed. When it is sent to the third chamber 10, the granular material with a higher temperature due to extrusion is quickly cooled by the suction action of the cooling mechanism 6, and the powder attached to the granular material is sucked away by the suction action; since the fan 23 is respectively connected to the first air outlet 16 and the second air outlet 17 through the air duct, these powders are also conveyed back to the first chamber 8 for reuse under the premise of fully utilizing the wind force generated by the fan 23; after cooling and dust removal, the granular material is sent to the output mechanism 7, screened and output, and the qualified granular material is sent to the storage bin for packaging, and the unqualified broken particles are screened out and sent to the first chamber 8 again for reuse.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the above structure are: The whole device is reasonable in layout, fast in processing rhythm and occupies only 1 / 4 of the space of the prior art or even less; in order to facilitate the initial feeding, the feeding passage of the first chamber 8 is generally arranged on the second floor or the third floor of the factory building, and the crusher for initially crushing the raw materials such as wood scraps, bark and the like is also arranged on the same floor; The whole device is a continuous feeding and processing device, and does not need to store materials, thereby saving the space for storing the materials processed by each crushing mechanism compared with the prior art; The whole device is designed in a fully closed manner at the feeding port and the discharging port, and the whole processing process is carried out in the machine body, which can effectively avoid dust diffusion in the factory building, on the one hand, facilitates the realization of clean production, and on the other hand, improves the safety, and avoids the explosion hazard caused by high dust concentration; The airflow generated by the cooling mechanism 6 during operation is transported to the first air outlet 16 and the second air outlet 17 for internal circulation, and the powder and airflow generated during the process are fully utilized, the airflow not only returns the powder to the first chamber 8 for repeated use, but also is used for assisting the first crushing mechanism 1 and the second crushing mechanism 2 to discharge and transport the processed materials.

[0020] Preferably, as shown in Figure 1 , the grinding mechanism 4 and the pressing mechanism 5 have two sets to adapt to the discharging speed of the first chamber 8 and improve the processing efficiency.

[0021] In another embodiment, as shown in Figure 1 , the two sets of pressing mechanisms 5 are arranged in a staggered manner and face each other to fully utilize the space in the second chamber 9.

[0022] In another embodiment, in combination with Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the second chamber 9 is provided with mounting chambers corresponding to the two sets of pressing mechanisms 5, respectively, a partition plate 25 is arranged in the middle of the mounting chamber, the ends of the pressing chambers 19 and the feeding chambers 20 of the two sets of pressing mechanisms 5 are connected to the side walls of the mounting chambers and the partition plate 25, respectively, the hydraulic cylinders 21 are fixed on the partition plate 25 and connected to the corresponding pressing plates, a plurality of reinforcing rings 26 are arranged on the pressing chambers 19, and a plurality of supporting columns 27 are arranged on the outer periphery of the feeding chambers 20 to ensure the reliability of the structure of the whole pressing mechanism 5.

[0023] In another embodiment, as shown in Figure 3 , a filter screen 28 is further arranged on the discharging port of the crushing chamber 15 to avoid too much uncrushed sheet material from entering the first feeding passage 11.

[0024] In another embodiment, in combination with Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown, three guide plates are further provided in the pulverizing chamber 15. The first air outlet 16 is provided at the bottom of the pulverizing chamber 15. The guide plate corresponding to the first air outlet 16 is named a first guide plate 29. The first guide plate 29 is an inwardly concave arc to guide the airflow blown out of the first air outlet 16 to the discharge port; the guide plate above the first guide plate 29 is named a second guide plate 30. The second guide plate 30 is triangular. On the one hand, it guides the material input by the first pulverizing mechanism 1 to the second pulverizing mechanism 2, and on the other hand, it blocks the rising airflow to prevent the airflow from blowing the falling sheet material back; the guide plate above the first air outlet 16 is named a third guide plate 31. The third guide plate 31 is used to rebound the material ejected when the second pulverizing mechanism 2 is working to the second pulverizing mechanism 2.

[0025] In another embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, a baffle 32 is further provided between the first pulverizing mechanism 1 and the second air outlet 17 to prevent the airflow blown out of the second air outlet 17 from affecting the operation of the first pulverizing mechanism 1 .

[0026] In another embodiment, combined Figure 1 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the guide port 14 is provided with a louver-shaped door leaf, and the door leaf is composed of a frame 33, a plurality of louver blades 34 equidistantly connected to the door leaf, and a driving mechanism that drives each louver blade 34 to swing. The driving mechanism is a cylinder fixed to the frame 33 and a rack that moves back and forth along the edge of the frame 33. The cylinder drives the rack to move, and a gear is fixed to one end of each louver blade 34. The rack is engaged with each gear, and the cylinder is extended and retracted to drive the rack forward or backward, and the rack drives each louver blade 34 to swing or reset through each gear; when each louver blade 34 is swung and lifted, the guide port 14 is in an open state, and the sheet material crushed by the first crushing mechanism 1 can fall through the gaps of each louver; when each louver blade 34 is reset, the guide port 14 is in a closed state, and the sheet material crushed by the first crushing mechanism 1 continues to slide down to the first feeding channel 11 through the door leaf.

[0027] In another embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, a feeding port 35 is further provided on the top of the first chamber 8 , and the feeding port 35 is arranged corresponding to the first crushing mechanism 1 .

[0028] In another embodiment, the output mechanism 7 is a vibrating screen arranged obliquely downward, and a conveying crawler for outputting the crushed particles from the machine body is further provided below the vibrating screen.

Claims

1. A fully enclosed automated biomass pellet processing device, comprising a body, characterized in that: The machine body consists of a first chamber (8), a second chamber (9) and a third chamber (10); the first crushing mechanism (1), the second crushing mechanism (2) and the screw feeder (3) are arranged from top to bottom in the first chamber (8); the grinding mechanism (4) and the pressing mechanism (5) are arranged from top to bottom in the second chamber (9); a first feeding channel (11) is provided on the side of the first chamber (8) away from the second chamber (9); and a second feeding channel (12) is provided between the first chamber (8) and the second chamber (9); The first crushing mechanism (1) outputs flake material. The bottom of the first crushing mechanism (1) has a bottom plate (13) arranged obliquely downward and connected to the first feeding channel (11). The bottom plate (13) is provided with an openable and closable material guide port (14). The second crushing mechanism (2) is arranged in a closed crushing chamber (15). The material guide port (14) is connected to the crushing chamber (15). The crushing chamber (15) is provided with a discharge port on a side facing the first feeding channel (11). The crushing chamber (15) is also provided with a first air outlet (16) for blowing the material toward the discharge port. The second crushing mechanism (2) outputs small granular material. The top of the first feeding channel (11) is also provided with a second air outlet (17). The small particles and flakes enter the screw feeder (3) through the first feeding channel (11), are stirred and mixed, and then fed to the bottom of the second feeding channel (12); The feed port of the grinding mechanism (4) is connected to a negative pressure suction machine (18), and the negative pressure suction machine (18) sucks up the material at the bottom of the second feeding channel (12) and conveys it into the grinding mechanism (4). The powder material with long fibers ground by the grinding mechanism (4) is fed into the pressing mechanism (5); A mesh conveyor belt (22) is further provided below the pressing mechanism (5). The cooling mechanism (6) and the output mechanism (7) are arranged in the third chamber (10). The cooling mechanism (6) includes a fan (23) and an air supply port (24). The mesh conveyor belt (22) passes between the fan (23) and the air supply port (24). The fan (23) is connected to the first air outlet (16) and the second air outlet (17) respectively through an air duct. During the cooling process of the granular material, the fan (23) absorbs the powder attached to the granular material and returns the powder to the first chamber (8).

2. A fully enclosed automated biomass particle processing equipment as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The pressing mechanism (5) is composed of a horizontally placed pressing bin (19), a feed bin (20), a pressing plate, and a hydraulic cylinder (21) for driving the pressing plate to move between the feed bin (20) and the pressing bin (19). The peripheral wall of the pressing bin (19) is densely covered with through holes, and the discharge port of the grinding mechanism (4) is connected to the feed bin (20).

3. A fully enclosed automated biomass particle processing equipment as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: There are two sets of the grinding mechanism (4) and the pressing mechanism (5), and the two sets of pressing mechanisms (5) are staggered and arranged facing each other.

4. The fully enclosed automated biomass particle processing equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second chamber (9) is provided with installation chambers corresponding to the two sets of pressing mechanisms (5), a partition (25) is provided in the middle of the installation chamber, and the ends of the pressing bins (19) and the feeding bins (20) of the two sets of pressing mechanisms (5) are respectively connected to the side walls of the installation chamber and the partition (25), the hydraulic cylinder (21) is fixed on the partition (25) and connected to the corresponding pressure plate, the pressing bin (19) is provided with multiple reinforcing rings (26), and the outer periphery of the feeding bin (20) is provided with multiple support columns (27).

5. The fully enclosed automated biomass particle processing equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: A filter screen (28) is also provided on the discharge port of the pulverizing chamber (15) to prevent excessive un-pulverized sheet materials from entering the first feeding channel (11).

6. The fully enclosed automated biomass particle processing equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: Three guide plates are further provided in the pulverizing chamber (15). The first air outlet (16) is provided at the bottom of the pulverizing chamber (15). The guide plate corresponding to the first air outlet (16) is named a first guide plate (29). The first guide plate (29) is in the shape of an inwardly concave arc. The guide plate above the first guide plate (29) is named a second guide plate (30). The second guide plate (30) is in the shape of a triangle. The guide plate above the first air outlet (16) for rebounding the material ejected by the second pulverizing mechanism (2) when it is working to the second pulverizing mechanism (2) is named a third guide plate (31).

7. The fully enclosed automated biomass particle processing equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: A baffle (32) is further provided between the first pulverizing mechanism (1) and the second air outlet (17).

8. The fully enclosed automated biomass particle processing equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: The guide port (14) is provided with a louver-shaped door leaf, which is composed of a frame (33), a plurality of louver blades (34) equidistantly connected to the door leaf for swinging, and a driving mechanism for driving each louver blade (34) to swing. The driving mechanism is a cylinder fixed to the frame (33) and a rack that moves back and forth along the edge of the frame (33). The cylinder drives the rack to move. A gear is fixed to one end of each louver blade (34), and the rack is meshed with each gear.

9. The fully enclosed automated biomass particle processing equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that: A feeding port (35) is also provided at the top of the first chamber (8), and the feeding port (35) is arranged corresponding to the first crushing mechanism (1).

10. The fully enclosed automated biomass particle processing equipment according to claim 9, characterized in that: The output mechanism (7) is a vibrating screen arranged obliquely downward, and a conveying crawler for outputting crushed particles from the machine body is also provided below the vibrating screen.

Images