Crushing device for plastic recycling

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of plastic recovery, in particular to a crushing device for plastic recovery. According to the technical scheme, the device comprises a coarse crushing device, a heating device and a fine crushing device, the heating device comprises a second shell, a plurality of filter plates are distributed in the second shell at equal intervals, a heated chamber is formed between every two adjacent filter plates, a driving shaft extends into the second shell, and the filter plates are all fixed to the driving shaft; the heating device further comprises a plurality of heating boxes fixed outside the second shell, electric heating wires are installed in the heating boxes, a plurality of fans are arranged on the heating boxes, and a plurality of air outlet heads located in the second shell are arranged at air outlets of the heating boxes. In the plastic recycling and crushing process, three links of coarse crushing, heating and fine crushing are creatively divided, the plastic crushing effect is improved, and the size alignment degree of crushed plastic particles is guaranteed, so that convenience is improved for subsequent cleaning work, the subsequent cleaning time is greatly shortened, and the water consumption is greatly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of plastic recycling, in particular to a crushing device for plastic recycling. Background Art

[0002] Plastic recycling refers to the process of reprocessing discarded plastics so that they can be used again. Plastic recycling is a systematic project that includes collection, classification, crushing, cleaning and melting.

[0003] Existing recycled plastics are essentially collected from scattered waste through various means. Over time, these plastics are exposed to wind, sun, and rain, which causes the polymers in the plastics to undergo photooxidation when exposed to ultraviolet light. Ultraviolet light, with its high energy content, can break the chemical bonds within the plastic's molecular chains, causing them to break or crosslink, thereby altering the plastic's chemical structure and physical properties. Temperature fluctuations and the presence of oxygen accelerate the thermo-oxidative aging process. Under the combined effects of heat and oxygen, the plastic's molecular chains undergo oxidative degradation, producing polar groups such as carbonyl and hydroxyl groups. These groups disrupt the plastic's molecular structure and flexibility, degrading its mechanical properties. These factors can cause the plastic to become brittle and fragile.

[0004] When fragile and brittle plastics are broken, they easily form fragments or particles of different sizes. This will lead to a lot of dead corners in the subsequent cleaning, reduce the cleaning effect, and increase the use of water resources, and even lead to waste of water resources. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to address the problems existing in the background technology and to provide a crushing device for plastic recycling.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is a crushing device for plastic recycling, comprising a coarse crushing device, a heating device and a fine crushing device connected in sequence: The coarse crushing device includes a first shell and a crushing drum. A motor is fixed on the top of the coarse crushing device. The output end of the motor is installed with a drive shaft located in the crushing drum. The drive shaft is fixed with a crushing knife. The heating device includes a second shell, in which a plurality of filter plates are evenly distributed, and a heating chamber is formed between adjacent filter plates. A drive shaft extends into the second shell, and the plurality of filter plates are fixed on the drive shaft. The heating device also includes a plurality of heating boxes fixed outside the second shell, in which electric heating wires are installed, and a plurality of fans are provided on the heating boxes. The air outlet of the heating boxes is provided with a plurality of air outlet heads located in the second shell; The stirring assembly is arranged in the heated chamber and comprises a mounting rod and a plurality of stirring rods fixed on the mounting rod; the bottom of the second shell is provided with a sliding slot, and a plurality of round seats are arranged in the sliding slot; the bottom of the mounting rod is provided with a round head in contact with the round seats; and the top of the mounting rod is fixed on the adjacent filter plates through the telescopic member.

[0007] Preferably, the first shell is arranged in the crushing cylinder, the top of the first shell is provided with a feeding hopper, the feeding hopper is communicated with the crushing cylinder, the bottom of the first shell is provided with a plurality of discharge ports, the bottom of the crushing cylinder is provided with a gap, the driving shaft is fixedly arranged with a push plate below the crushing knife, and the number of the discharge ports is consistent with the number of the heated chambers.

[0008] Preferably, the second shell is provided with a plurality of exhaust pipes, a plurality of temperature sensors are arranged in the second shell, the bottom of the second shell is provided with a discharge pipe, the second shell is provided with an electric valve, the electric valve is connected with the discharge pipe, the bottom of the heating device is provided with a conveying belt, the discharge port of the discharge pipe is located on the conveying belt, the stroke end of the conveying belt is connected with the feeding port of the mounting rod, and the conveying belt is provided with a heat preservation shell.

[0009] Preferably, the telescopic member comprises a mounting barrel fixed between the adjacent filter plates, the mounting rod is slidably arranged in the mounting barrel, and a spring is arranged between the mounting rod and the mounting barrel; the two sides of the sliding slot are provided with stop pads; and the fine crushing device is a multi-shaft crusher.

[0010] Preferably, the first shell and the crushing cylinder form an ash removal cavity, a plurality of filter holes are arranged on the side of the crushing cylinder, the top of the first shell is fixedly arranged with and communicated with a dust suction pipe, the dust suction pipe is connected with an external dust suction device, the second shell and the first shell are fixedly arranged with an ash removal device, and the air outlet of the ash removal device is located in the crushing cylinder.

[0011] Preferably, the ash removal device comprises a third shell embedded in the bottom of the first shell, the third shell is provided with a collapsible air bag, the collapsible air bag is arranged with a heat absorption plate located in the second shell, and the heat absorption plate penetrates through the third shell.

[0012] Preferably, one end of the collapsible air bag is communicated with an air inlet arranged on the third shell, the other end of the collapsible air bag is communicated with an aeration head located in the third shell, the aeration head is located at the bottom of the crushing cylinder, the air outlet direction of the aeration head faces the top of the first shell, and the aeration head is provided with a filter screen.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages: 1. The present application is creatively divided into coarse crushing, heating and fine crushing three links in the process of plastic recycling and crushing, the effect of plastic crushing is improved, the size alignment of the plastic particles after crushing is ensured, the subsequent cleaning work is facilitated, and the subsequent cleaning time and water consumption are greatly reduced.

[0014] 2、The application adds heating devices in the crushing link, when in use, the plastic crushed by the coarse crushing device can enter into several heating chambers, the plastic is heated by hot air in the heating chamber, so that the activity of the plastic molecular chain is enhanced, the flexibility is improved, and the brittleness is reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic view of the application; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic view of the application; Figure 3 It is a structural schematic view of the heating chamber of the application; Figure 4 It is a structural schematic view of the stirring assembly of the application; Figure 5 It is a structural schematic view of the ash removal device of the application.

[0016] The figure mark: 1, coarse crushing device; 2, heating device; 3, mounting rod; 4, ash removal device; 11, first shell; 12, crushing cylinder; 13, feeding hopper; 14, discharge port; 15, push plate; 21, second shell; 22, filter plate; 23, heating chamber; 24, heating box; 25, fan; 26, air outlet; 27, exhaust pipe; 31, stirring rod; 32, round head; 33, chute; 34, round seat; 35, mounting barrel; 36, spring; 41, third shell; 42, collapsible air bag; 43, heat absorbing plate; 44, aeration head; 45, air inlet; 100, motor; 200, drive shaft; 300, crushing knife; 400, dust collection pipe; 500, conveying belt; 600, heat preservation shell; 700, blocking pad; 800, fine crushing device; 900, temperature sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the application, not all the embodiments.

[0018] Embodiment one

[0019] Referring to the drawings Figures 1-4 A plastic recycling crushing device, comprising coarse crushing device 1, heating device 2 and fine crushing device 800 connected in sequence: The coarse crushing device 1 comprises a first shell 11 and a crushing cylinder 12, and a motor 100 is fixed at the top of the coarse crushing device 1, a drive shaft 200 located in the crushing cylinder 12 is installed at the output end of the motor 100, and a crushing knife 300 is fixedly installed on the drive shaft 200; The heating device 2 comprises a second shell 21, a plurality of filter plates 22 are equidistantly distributed in the second shell 21, a heating chamber 23 is formed between adjacent filter plates 22, a driving shaft 200 extends into the second shell 21, and the plurality of filter plates 22 are all fixed on the driving shaft 200; the heating device 2 further comprises a plurality of heating boxes 24 fixed outside the second shell 21, an electric heating wire is installed in each heating box 24, a plurality of fans 25 are arranged on each heating box 24, and a plurality of air outlet heads 26 are arranged at the air outlets of the heating boxes 24 and located in the second shell 21. An agitating assembly is arranged in the heating chamber 23, the agitating assembly comprises a mounting rod 3 and a plurality of agitating rods 31 fixed on the mounting rod 3, a sliding groove 33 is formed in the bottom of the second shell 21, a plurality of round seats 34 are installed in the sliding groove 33, a round head 32 in contact with the round seats 34 is arranged at the bottom of the mounting rod 3, and the top of the mounting rod 3 is fixed between adjacent filter plates 22 through a telescopic piece.

[0020] The existing crushing device is often provided only in a crushing part to improve the crushing effect, but for the recycled plastic, the plastic is easy to be oxidized and become fragile and brittle after being exposed to wind, sunlight and rain for a long time, and the plastic can be broken by a little external force during crushing, so that the uniformity of the size of the crushed particles cannot be guaranteed.

[0021] The plastic is first simply crushed by the coarse crushing device 1, and then heated in the heating device 2 to a certain temperature, so that the activity of the plastic molecular chain is enhanced, the flexibility is improved, and the brittleness is reduced.

[0022] In the embodiment, the common thermoplastic plastic can be preheated to about 40-60 DEG C, and the specific temperature is adjusted according to the type and characteristics of the plastic.

[0023] The heated plastic is finely crushed in the fine crushing device 800, so that the problem of breakage does not occur, and the crushed plastic has high particle size and alignment.

[0024] In the embodiment, the crushing cylinder 12 is installed in the first shell 11, the top of the first shell 11 is provided with a feeding hopper 13, the feeding hopper 13 is in communication with the crushing cylinder 12, a plurality of discharge ports 14 are formed in the bottom of the first shell 11, a gap is arranged at the bottom of the crushing cylinder 12, the driving shaft 200 is fixedly provided with a push plate 15 located below the crushing knife 300, and the number of the discharge ports 14 is consistent with the number of the heating chambers 23. The second shell 21 is provided with several exhaust pipes 27, and a plurality of temperature sensors 900 are installed in the second shell 21. The bottom of the second shell 21 is provided with a discharge pipe, and an electric valve is arranged on the second shell 21 and connected with the discharge pipe. The bottom of the heating device 2 is provided with a conveying belt 500, and the discharge port of the discharge pipe is located on the conveying belt 500. The conveying belt 500 is connected with the inlet of the mounting rod 3 at the end of the stroke, and the heat preservation shell 600 is arranged on the conveying belt 500. The telescopic member includes a mounting barrel 35 fixed between adjacent filter plates 22, and the mounting rod 3 is slidingly installed in the mounting barrel 35. The spring 36 is arranged between the mounting rod 3 and the mounting barrel 35. The two sides of the sliding groove 33 are provided with stop pads 700. The fine crushing device 800 is a multi-shaft crusher.

[0025] Specific operation is as follows: Firstly, the recycled plastic is input into the crushing cylinder 12 through the feeding hopper 13. The motor 100 is started to drive the driving shaft 200 to rotate, so that the crushing knife 300 can coarsely crush the plastic. The large pieces of plastic after crushing fall into the bottom gap of the crushing cylinder 12. At this time, the push plate 15 rotates with the driving shaft 200, and the push plate 15 pushes the plastic to fall from the discharge port 14. The plastic falls into the heating chamber 23. Subsequently, the fan 25 is started, and the heating box 24 heats the air blown by the fan 25. The air enters the second shell 21 through the air outlet head 26, so that the plastic is heated by the hot air, and the temperature sensor 900 is used to monitor the stability in real time. In order to avoid the problem of uneven and incomplete heating caused by the accumulation of plastic, when the filter plate 22 rotates, the telescopic member rotates, so that the mounting rod 3 rotates. The end round head 32 of the mounting rod 3 slides in the round seat 34. When the round head 32 slides and meets the round seat 34, the round head 32 is lifted, so that the mounting rod 3 moves into the mounting barrel 35, and the spring 36 is compressed and shrunk. When the mounting rod 3 moves, the stirring rod 31 moves, so that the stirring rod 31 moves periodically up and down, so as to push the plastic in the heating chamber 23, so as to change the position of the plastic, so as to make the heating more uniform and complete. When the plastic is heated in the second shell 21, the electric valve of the second shell 21 is opened, and the plastic is discharged from the discharge pipe to the conveying belt 500. The heat preservation shell 600 can ensure that the plastic does not cool down. The conveying belt 500 drives the plastic into the mounting rod 3 for fine crushing again, so that the effect of crushing is greatly improved after solving the problem of oxidation and easy cracking of the plastic.

[0026] It should be noted that the fine crushing device 800 can be a common crusher in the technical field, such as a multi-shaft crusher. In this scheme, it is directly quoted, so it is not described in detail here.

[0027] Embodiment two

[0028] Refer to the attached drawings Figure 1 And 5 , based on the basis of embodiment one, the first shell 11 and the broken cylinder 12 form the ash removal cavity, the broken cylinder 12 is distributed with a plurality of filter holes, the top of the first shell 11 is fixed and communicated with the dust suction pipe 400, the dust suction pipe 400 is connected with the external dust suction device, the second shell 21 and the first shell 11 are fixedly installed with the ash removal device 4, and the air outlet of the ash removal device 4 is located in the broken cylinder 12; The ash removal device 4 includes a third shell 41 embedded in the bottom of the first shell 11, a collapsible air bag 42 is arranged in the third shell 41, the collapsible air bag 42 is installed with a heat absorbing plate 43 located in the second shell 21, the heat absorbing plate 43 penetrates through the third shell 41, one end of the collapsible air bag 42 is communicated with an air inlet 45 fixed on the third shell 41, the other end of the collapsible air bag 42 is communicated with an aeration head 44 located in the third shell 41, the aeration head 44 is located at the bottom of the broken cylinder 12, the air outlet direction of the aeration head 44 faces the top of the first shell 11, and the aeration head 44 is provided with a filter screen.

[0029] In this embodiment, when the recycled plastic enters the broken cylinder 12 for crushing, it will carry a lot of dust, and if a part of the dust is not removed, it will bring danger in the subsequent heating process, such as dust explosion. In order to solve this problem, the ash removal cavity is arranged between the first shell 11 and the broken cylinder 12.

[0030] In specific use, first, it is necessary to ensure that the plastic entering the broken cylinder 12 is dry, and then the dust will be generated when the plastic is crushed, and the dust will enter the ash removal cavity through the filter holes of the broken cylinder 12, and the dust suction device connected through the dust suction pipe 400 can suck away the dust; But in order to improve the dust removal effect, the ash removal device 4 is arranged, and in specific operation, when the second shell 21 is continuously heated, the heat absorbing plate 43 can absorb heat, the heat absorbed by the heat absorbing plate 43 can heat the collapsible air bag 42, so that the air in the collapsible air bag 42 expands rapidly and is discharged from the aeration head 44. This part of the discharged gas has strong potential energy, can aerate the crushed plastic in the broken cylinder 12, so that the dust on the plastic is quickly and efficiently removed, and finally sucked away by the dust suction device.

[0031] In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0032] In addition, the terms "first", "second" are only for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more, unless otherwise specifically limited.

[0033] The above description is only the preferred specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present application, according to the technical scheme and the inventive concept of the present application, makes equivalent replacement or change, should be covered in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A crushing device for plastic recycling, characterized in that: It includes a coarse crushing device, a heating device and a fine crushing device connected in sequence: The coarse crushing device includes a first shell and a crushing drum. A motor is fixed on the top of the coarse crushing device. The output end of the motor is installed with a drive shaft located in the crushing drum. The drive shaft is fixed with a crushing knife. The heating device includes a second shell, in which a plurality of filter plates are evenly distributed, and a heating chamber is formed between adjacent filter plates. A drive shaft extends into the second shell, and the plurality of filter plates are fixed on the drive shaft. The heating device also includes a plurality of heating boxes fixed outside the second shell, in which electric heating wires are installed, and a plurality of fans are provided on the heating boxes. The air outlet of the heating boxes is provided with a plurality of air outlet heads located in the second shell; A stirring assembly is provided in the heating chamber, which includes a mounting rod and a plurality of stirring rods fixed on the mounting rod. A slide groove is provided at the bottom of the second shell, and a plurality of round seats are installed in the slide groove. A round head in contact with the round seat is installed at the bottom of the mounting rod, and the top of the mounting rod is fixed between adjacent filter plates through a telescopic member.

2. A crushing device for plastic recycling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crushing drum is installed in the first shell. A feed hopper is installed on the top of the first shell. The feed hopper is connected to the crushing drum. A plurality of discharge ports are opened at the bottom of the first shell. A notch is provided at the bottom of the crushing drum. A push plate located below the crushing knife is fixedly installed on the drive shaft. The number of discharge ports is consistent with the number of heating chambers.

3. A crushing device for plastic recycling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second shell is provided with several exhaust pipes, and multiple temperature sensors are also installed in the second shell. A discharge pipe is installed at the bottom of the second shell, and an electric valve is provided on the second shell. The electric valve and the discharge pipe are connected. A conveyor belt is provided at the bottom of the heating device, and the discharge port of the discharge pipe is located on the conveyor belt. The end of the conveyor belt is connected to the feed port of the mounting rod, and an insulation shell is installed on the conveyor belt.

4. A crushing device for plastic recycling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic part includes a mounting barrel fixed between adjacent filter plates, a mounting rod is slidably installed in the mounting barrel, a spring is installed between the mounting rod and the mounting barrel, and pads are provided on both sides of the slide. The fine crushing device is a multi-axis crusher.

5. A crushing device for plastic recycling according to claim 1, characterized in that: A dust removal chamber is formed between the first shell and the crushing barrel, and a number of filter holes are distributed around the crushing barrel. A dust suction pipe is fixed to and connected to the top of the first shell, and the dust suction pipe is connected to an external dust suction device. A dust removal device is fixedly installed between the second shell and the first shell, and the air outlet of the dust removal device is located in the crushing barrel.

6. A crushing device for plastic recycling according to claim 5, characterized in that: The dust removal device includes a third shell embedded in the bottom of the first shell. A shrinkable airbag is provided in the third shell. The shrinkable airbag is equipped with a heat absorbing plate located in the second shell. The heat absorbing plate passes through the third shell.

7. A crushing device for plastic recycling according to claim 6, characterized in that: One end of the shrinkable airbag is connected to the air inlet fixed on the third shell, and the other end of the shrinkable airbag is connected to the aeration head located in the third shell. The aeration head is located at the bottom of the crushing cylinder, and the air outlet direction of the aeration head faces the top of the first shell. A filter is provided in the aeration head.

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