Black decorative sintered brick and method for manufacturing the same

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of building materials, and particularly relates to a black decorative sintered brick and a preparation method thereof. The black decorative sintered brick is prepared from raw materials comprising the following components: 50-75 parts of gold tailing powder, 10-35 parts of vanadium-titanium blast furnace slag, 3-20 parts of ferrosilicon dust collecting ash, and 3-6 parts of water. The black decorative sintered brick of the present application uses industrial solid wastes such as gold tailing powder, vanadium-titanium blast furnace slag and ferrosilicon dust collecting ash as main raw materials, which turns waste into treasure, reduces production cost, reduces potential pollution of industrial solid wastes to the environment, and conforms to the environmental protection concept. Through optimization of raw material ratio and sintering process, the prepared black decorative sintered brick has a good black appearance and high strength (the compressive strength can reach more than 55 MPa).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building materials technology, and in particular to a black decorative sintered brick and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] A black-themed interior design possesses a unique charm and visual appeal, suitable for residents who seek individuality and a distinctive atmosphere. Black, as the primary color, can create a mysterious and sophisticated ambiance. Through variations in light and shadow, black can showcase different visual effects, ranging from deep and understated to cool and elegant.

[0003] Decorative black inorganic non-metallic materials mainly include natural black marble and granite, which are expensive and scarce. Natural marble and granite resources are scarce, and their extraction damages mountains and impacts the environment. With environmental protection and tourism development, many regions have introduced policies to ban or restrict extraction. Furthermore, the high-quality development of industrialization has generated a large amount of industrial solid waste. How to select and utilize this industrial solid waste and employ appropriate processes to prepare a black decorative sintered brick (slab) is a problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a black decorative sintered brick and its preparation method, which solves the problems of high raw material price and scarce resources used in existing black decorative sintered bricks.

[0005] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a black decorative sintered brick is provided, which is prepared by weight from raw materials comprising the following components: 50-75 parts gold tailings powder, 10-35 parts vanadium-titanium blast furnace slag, 3-20 parts ferrosilicon dust, and 3-6 parts water.

[0006] This invention, by limiting the raw material composition and proportion range of black decorative sintered bricks, ensures that the sintered bricks possess a good black appearance and a certain compressive strength. The rational combination of industrial solid wastes such as gold tailings powder, vanadium-titanium blast furnace slag, and ferrosilicon dust fully utilizes their chemical components and physical properties, achieving resource reuse, reducing production costs, and providing a suitable raw material basis for subsequent sintering processes. This enables the sintered bricks to meet the basic performance requirements and be used as decorative bricks. Controlling the moisture content of the raw materials promotes uniform mixing and increases plasticity under pressure, making them easier to shape.

[0007] Further, by weight, it is prepared from raw materials comprising the following components: 60-70 parts gold tailings powder, 20-30 parts vanadium-titanium blast furnace slag, 5-15 parts ferrosilicon dust, and 4-5 parts water.

[0008] By further optimizing the raw material ratio range, the performance of sintered bricks can be more precisely controlled. Within the aforementioned narrower ratio range, the interaction between gold tailings powder, vanadium-titanium blast furnace slag, and ferrosilicon dust is more coordinated, allowing each component to better leverage its advantages. This further improves the strength and appearance quality of the sintered bricks, bringing them closer to the ideal performance indicators for decorative sintered bricks and providing more specific guidance for producing high-quality products.

[0009] Furthermore, the gold tailings powder contains 60-70% SiO2 and 11-15% Al2O3; the particle size of the gold tailings powder is ≤0.088mm. Gold tailings are characterized by fine particles and a large specific surface area. The range of SiO2 and Al2O3 content allows the gold tailings powder to interact with other raw materials during sintering, promoting the formation of glassy and mullite phases, thereby endowing the sintered bricks with good strength and structural stability. The requirement of a particle size ≤0.088mm facilitates uniform mixing and molding of raw materials, making the internal structure of the sintered bricks more compact and further improving their performance.

[0010] Furthermore, the vanadium-titanium blast furnace slag contains 8-15% TiO2 and 2-5% Fe2O3; the particle size of the vanadium-titanium blast furnace slag is ≤0.088mm. Vanadium-titanium blast furnace slag is the slag produced during the blast furnace smelting of the strategic mineral vanadium-titanium hematite. The main mineral phases in the slag are perovskite, feldspar, titanium diopside, titanium spodumene, a small amount of metallic iron beads, and titanium carbonitride solid solution. The content range of TiO2 and Fe2O3 is one of the key factors in achieving the black appearance of sintered bricks. TiO2 can participate in the coloring reaction during sintering, working together with Fe2O3 to give the sintered bricks a uniform black color. The requirement of a particle size ≤0.088mm facilitates the mixing and reaction of vanadium-titanium blast furnace slag with other raw materials, ensuring a uniform distribution of the internal components of the sintered bricks, thereby guaranteeing the consistency of their appearance and performance.

[0011] Furthermore, the SiO2 content in the ferrosilicon dust is 75-85%; the average particle size of the ferrosilicon dust is 0.1-0.5 μm. Ferrosilicon dust is silica powder collected by a dry dust collection device after the silicon-containing gas collected by the fume hood of the electric furnace during ferrosilicon production is oxidized and condensed. The presence of micro- and nano-fine particles in the ferrosilicon dust promotes the above-mentioned reaction at a lower temperature and facilitates mullite formation. The high SiO2 content promotes the formation of the glassy phase during sintering, while the presence of micro- and nano-fine particles lowers the sintering temperature and promotes mullite formation, thereby improving the strength and density of the sintered bricks. The ferrosilicon dust with an average particle size of 0.1-0.5 μm can mix better with other raw materials, increasing the specific surface area of ​​the raw materials, promoting the reaction, and further optimizing the microstructure and properties of the sintered bricks.

[0012] According to a second aspect of the present invention, the present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned black decorative sintered brick, comprising the following steps: Step (1): Mix gold tailings powder, vanadium-titanium blast furnace slag, ferrosilicon dust and water, and form into shape; Step (2): Dry the shaped bricks; Step (3): Firing the dried bricks in a reducing atmosphere; cooling.

[0013] The preparation method of the black decorative sintered brick of the present invention includes steps such as mixing, molding, drying, firing and cooling. Through this preparation method, the raw materials with the above-mentioned specific proportions and characteristics can be processed into sintered bricks with certain strength and black appearance, realizing the transformation from raw materials to products. It provides specific process guidance for the production of the black decorative sintered brick, making it operable and repeatable.

[0014] Furthermore, in step (1), the molding load is 25-50 MPa. A suitable molding load enables the raw material to obtain good plasticity and density during the molding process, ensuring the shape and dimensional stability of the brick blank, providing qualified semi-finished products for subsequent drying and firing processes, thereby ensuring the strength and appearance quality of the final sintered brick, and avoiding problems such as brick blank deformation and cracking caused by insufficient or excessive molding pressure.

[0015] Furthermore, in step (2), drying is performed at 100-120℃ for 12-36 hours. Appropriate drying conditions can effectively remove moisture from the brick blank, preventing cracking or deformation caused by rapid moisture evaporation during firing. Simultaneously, appropriate drying time and temperature can ensure uniform removal of moisture from the brick blank, resulting in more uniform shrinkage and further improving the quality and performance of the sintered bricks.

[0016] Further, in step (3), the reducing atmosphere is a water vapor atmosphere; the firing temperature control method is as follows: the initial temperature is raised to 850-950℃, and the heating rate is controlled at 2-4℃ / min; when the temperature reaches 850-950℃, it is held for 5-7 hours; the temperature is raised from 850-950℃ to 1000-1200℃, and the heating rate is controlled at 3-10℃ / min; when the temperature reaches 1000-1200℃, it is held for 2-8 hours; finally, it is cooled to room temperature. Using water vapor as a reducing atmosphere can provide a suitable reducing environment for the brick blank during the sintering process, allowing the coloring components in it to fully react under reducing conditions and form a uniform black appearance. Reasonable heating rate and holding time can ensure that the chemical reaction inside the brick blank is fully carried out, promote the formation of glass phase and mullite phase, and avoid problems such as insufficient sintering or brick blank cracking caused by excessively rapid heating or insufficient holding time, thereby ensuring that the sintered brick has good strength and structural stability.

[0017] Furthermore, steam is introduced to maintain the pressure inside the kiln at 3-5 kPa.

[0018] In the method for preparing sintered bricks of the present invention, the kiln is immediately sealed upon shutdown, and steam is introduced. The steam is stopped when the temperature reaches 400°C. After cooling to room temperature, the black product is obtained by opening the kiln.

[0019] Furthermore, it also includes step (4): the sintered bricks obtained in step (3) are first polished to a suitable size, then vacuum impregnated with tung oil for 1-3 hours, dried, and polished. Polishing can make the surface of the sintered bricks smoother and improve their appearance quality; vacuum impregnation with tung oil can fully fill the visible pores on the surface of the sintered bricks, making them non-absorbent, and at the same time giving the sintered bricks anti-corrosion and wear-resistant properties, further enhancing the practicality and durability of the product; drying and polishing are the final treatments for the oil-impregnated sintered bricks, making their surface brighter and further enhancing their decorative effect, making them more in line with the requirements for the use of decorative sintered bricks.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this invention are: This invention provides a black decorative sintered brick that uses industrial solid waste such as gold tailings powder, vanadium-titanium blast furnace slag, and ferrosilicon dust as the main raw materials, turning waste into treasure, reducing production costs, and minimizing the potential environmental pollution caused by industrial solid waste, thus conforming to environmental protection principles. By optimizing the raw material ratio and sintering process, the black decorative sintered brick prepared by this invention has a good black appearance and high strength (compressive strength can reach over 55MPa). There is no need to worry about the presence or potential presence of heavy metals; the glass phase generated during sintering can encapsulate and solidify the material, preventing its release. Vacuum impregnation with tung oil achieves waterproof, corrosion-resistant, and wear-resistant properties. The preparation process of this invention is simple and easy to implement, facilitating industrial production. It can provide a high-performance, economical, and environmentally friendly new type of black sintered brick product for the building decoration field, with high market application prospects. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is one of the physical images of the black decorative sintered brick provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is the second physical image of the black decorative sintered brick provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0025] The sources of raw materials used in the following examples and comparative examples are as follows: Gold tailings powder: Gold tailings powder with a particle size ≤0.088mm from Yuerya, Chengde, with a SiO2 content of 69% and an Al2O3 content of 14%.

[0026] Vanadium-titanium blast furnace slag: Chengde vanadium-titanium blast furnace slag has a particle size ≤0.088mm, with a TiO2 content of 8.4% and an Fe2O3 content of 2.7%.

[0027] Ferrosilicon dust: tailings powder from ferrosilicon smelting in Ulanqab, with a SiO2 content of 79% and an average particle size of 0.2μm.

[0028] The compressive strength test methods in the following examples and comparative examples adopt the GB / T5101-2017 standard for sintered common bricks.

[0029] Example 1 This embodiment provides a black decorative sintered brick, the raw materials for which, by weight, are 65 parts gold tailings powder, 30 parts vanadium-titanium blast furnace slag, 5 parts ferrosilicon dust, and 5 parts water.

[0030] This embodiment also provides a method for preparing the black decorative sintered brick, including the following steps: (1) Ingredients: 65 parts gold tailings powder, 30 parts vanadium-titanium blast furnace slag, 5 parts ferrosilicon dust, and 5 parts water.

[0031] (2) Molding: The above raw materials are mixed in a wet mill and then placed in a press for molding. The prepared mud is loaded into a steel mold with a molding load of 50 MPa.

[0032] (3) Drying: Dry the formed bricks at 110℃ for 24 hours.

[0033] (4) Firing: The dried product is fired in a reducing atmosphere in a kiln. The reducing atmosphere is water vapor, and the pressure inside the kiln is maintained at 5 kPa. The firing temperature is controlled as follows: the initial temperature is raised to 900℃, and the heating rate is controlled at 3℃ / min; when it reaches 900℃, it is held for 6 hours; from 900℃ to 1100℃, the heating rate is controlled at 5℃ / min, and at 1100℃, it is held for 8 hours; finally, it is cooled to room temperature to obtain the product.

[0034] (5) Processing: First, grind to the appropriate size, then vacuum soak in tung oil for 2 hours, dry, and polish to obtain the finished product.

[0035] Performance indicators: appearance, such as Figure 1 and 2 As shown, it is glossy black and has a pressure resistance of 60 MPa.

[0036] Example 2 This embodiment provides a black decorative sintered brick, the raw materials for which, by weight, are: 70 parts gold tailings powder, 30 parts vanadium-titanium blast furnace slag, 5 parts ferrosilicon dust, and 5 parts water.

[0037] This embodiment also provides a method for preparing black decorative sintered bricks, which includes the following steps: (1) Ingredients: 70 parts gold tailings powder, 20 parts vanadium-titanium blast furnace slag, 10 parts ferrosilicon dust, and 4.5 parts water.

[0038] (2) Molding: The above raw materials are mixed in a wet mill and then placed in a press for molding. The prepared mud is loaded into a steel mold with a molding load of 40 MPa.

[0039] (3) Drying: Dry the formed bricks at 110℃ for 24 hours.

[0040] (4) Firing: The dried product is fired in a kiln under a reducing atmosphere, which is water vapor. The pressure inside the kiln is maintained at 3 kPa. The firing temperature is controlled as follows: the initial temperature is raised to 900℃, and the heating rate is controlled at 3℃ / min; when it reaches 900℃, it is held for 6 hours; from 900℃ to 1100℃, the heating rate is controlled at 3℃ / min, and at 1100℃, it is held for 6 hours; finally, it is cooled to room temperature to obtain the product.

[0041] (5) Processing: First, grind to the appropriate size, then vacuum soak in tung oil for 2 hours, dry, and polish to obtain the finished product.

[0042] Performance specifications: Glossy black appearance, pressure resistance of 55MPa.

[0043] Example 3 This embodiment provides a black decorative sintered brick, the raw materials for which, by weight, are: 60 parts gold tailings powder, 25 parts vanadium-titanium blast furnace slag, 15 parts ferrosilicon dust, and 4 parts water.

[0044] This embodiment also provides a method for preparing black decorative sintered bricks, which includes the following steps: (1) Ingredients: 60 parts gold tailings powder, 25 parts vanadium-titanium blast furnace slag, 15 parts ferrosilicon dust, and 4 parts water.

[0045] (2) Molding: The above raw materials are mixed in a wet mill and then placed in a press for molding. The prepared mud is loaded into a steel mold with a molding load of 35 MPa.

[0046] (3) Drying: Dry the formed bricks at 110℃ for 24 hours.

[0047] (4) Firing: The dried product is fired in a kiln under a reducing atmosphere, which is water vapor. The pressure inside the kiln is maintained at 4 kPa. The firing temperature is controlled as follows: the initial temperature is raised to 900℃, and the heating rate is controlled at 3℃ / min; when it reaches 900℃, it is held for 6 hours; from 900℃ to 1100℃, the heating rate is controlled at 5℃ / min, and at 1050℃, it is held for 8 hours; finally, it is cooled to room temperature to obtain the product.

[0048] (5) Processing: First, grind to the appropriate size, then vacuum soak in tung oil for 2 hours, dry, and polish to obtain the finished product.

[0049] Performance specifications: Glossy black appearance, pressure resistance of 65MPa.

[0050] Example 4 This embodiment provides a black decorative sintered brick, the raw materials for which, by weight, are: 70 parts gold tailings powder, 20 parts vanadium-titanium blast furnace slag, 10 parts ferrosilicon dust, and 5 parts water.

[0051] This embodiment also provides a method for preparing black decorative sintered bricks, which includes the following steps: (1) Ingredients: 70 parts gold tailings powder, 20 parts vanadium-titanium blast furnace slag, 10 parts ferrosilicon dust, and 5 parts water.

[0052] (2) Molding: The above raw materials are mixed in a wet mill and then placed in a press for molding. The prepared mud is loaded into a steel mold with a molding load of 50 MPa.

[0053] (3) Drying: Dry the formed bricks at 110℃ for 24 hours.

[0054] (4) Firing: The dried product is fired in a kiln under a reducing atmosphere, which is water vapor. The pressure inside the kiln is maintained at 4 kPa. The firing temperature is controlled as follows: the initial temperature is raised to 900℃, and the heating rate is controlled at 3℃ / min; when it reaches 900℃, it is held for 6 hours; from 900℃ to 1100℃, the heating rate is controlled at 5℃ / min, and at 1100℃, it is held for 6 hours; finally, it is cooled to room temperature to obtain the product.

[0055] (5) Processing: First, grind to the appropriate size, then vacuum soak in tung oil for 2 hours, dry, and polish to obtain the finished product.

[0056] Performance specifications: Glossy black appearance, pressure resistance of 55MPa.

[0057] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A black decorative sintered brick, characterized in that, It is prepared by weight from raw materials comprising the following components: 50-75 parts gold tailings powder, 10-35 parts vanadium-titanium blast furnace slag, 3-20 parts ferrosilicon dust, and 3-6 parts water.

2. The black decorative sintered brick according to claim 1, characterized in that, It is prepared by weight from raw materials including the following components: 60-70 parts gold tailings powder, 20-30 parts vanadium-titanium blast furnace slag, 5-15 parts ferrosilicon dust, and 4-5 parts water.

3. The black decorative sintered brick according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The gold tailings powder contains 60-70% SiO2 and 11-15% Al2O3; the particle size of the gold tailings powder is ≤0.088mm.

4. The black decorative sintered brick according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The vanadium-titanium blast furnace slag contains 8-15% TiO2 and 2-5% Fe2O3; the particle size of the vanadium-titanium blast furnace slag is ≤0.088mm.

5. The black decorative sintered brick according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The SiO2 content in the ferrosilicon dust is 75-85%; the average particle size of the ferrosilicon dust is 0.1-0.5μm.

6. The method for preparing the black decorative sintered brick according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step (1): Mix gold tailings powder, vanadium-titanium blast furnace slag, ferrosilicon dust and water, and form into shape; Step (2): Dry the shaped bricks; Step (3): Firing the dried bricks in a reducing atmosphere; cooling.

7. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step (1), the molding load is 25-50 MPa.

8. The preparation method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, In step (2), drying is performed at 100-120℃ for 12-36 hours.

9. The preparation method according to any one of claims 6-8, characterized in that, In step (3), the reducing atmosphere is a water vapor atmosphere; the firing temperature control method is as follows: the initial temperature is raised to 850-950℃, and the heating rate is controlled at 2-4℃ / min; when the temperature reaches 850-950℃, it is held for 5-7 hours; the temperature is raised from 850-950℃ to 1000-1200℃, and the heating rate is controlled at 3-10℃ / min; when the temperature reaches 1000-1200℃, it is held for 2-8 hours; and finally, it is cooled to room temperature.

10. The preparation method according to any one of claims 6-9, characterized in that, It also includes step (4): first grind the sintered bricks obtained in step (3) to a suitable size, then vacuum impregnate them with tung oil for 1-3 hours, dry them, and polish them.

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