Composting device and composting method

Abstract

The invention discloses a composting device and a composting method.The composting device comprises a composting box, a heat accumulator, a water collecting tank and a controller, the composting box is provided with a feeding port, a first air inlet and a discharging port, the top box wall and the bottom box wall of the composting box are provided with a ventilation partition plate and a filtering plate respectively, the ventilation partition plate is provided with a second air inlet, and the filtering plate is provided with a second air outlet; filtering holes are formed in the filtering plate, a composting cavity is formed in the composting box, a stirring assembly is arranged in the composting cavity, a first air suction pump, a first temperature sensor and a first air inlet valve are arranged at the first air inlet hole, and a third temperature sensor is arranged in the composting cavity; the heat accumulator is arranged above the ventilation partition plate and provided with a second air suction pump, a second air inlet valve and a second temperature sensor, and the water collecting tank is arranged below the filter plate. According to the composting device, the environment temperature in the composting cavity can be adjusted, microorganisms in a fertilizer are kept to be decomposed in a proper temperature environment, and the composting efficiency is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of composting, in particular to a composting device and a composting method. Background Art

[0002] Composting is the process of piling organic waste together and transforming it into fertilizer through the natural decomposition of microorganisms. Existing composting devices mostly operate under natural conditions, and composting efficiency varies with changes in the natural environment. For example, in areas with lower temperatures or oxygen concentrations, there is no suitable environment for microorganisms, and the decomposition rate of organic waste is slower, resulting in lower composting efficiency. Some composting devices are equipped with conventional heating devices, but these devices need to be heated continuously during the microbial decomposition period, resulting in a large amount of energy consumption. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a composting device and a composting method,

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the composting device proposed in the present invention includes a compost box, a heat storage body, a water collecting tank and a controller, the top of the side box wall of the compost box is provided with a feed port and a first air inlet hole, the bottom of the side box wall of the compost box is provided with a discharge port, and the feed port and the discharge port are both provided with openable and closable box doors, the top box wall and the bottom box wall of the compost box are respectively provided with a ventilation baffle and a filter plate, the ventilation baffle is provided with a second air inlet hole, and the filter plate is provided with a filter hole, a compost chamber is formed in the compost box, the feed port, the discharge port, the first air inlet hole, the second air inlet hole and the filter hole are all connected to the compost chamber, a stirring component for stirring the fertilizer is provided in the compost chamber, and a first suction pump, a first temperature sensor and a first air inlet hole are provided at the first air inlet hole. valve, a third temperature sensor is provided in the compost chamber; the heat storage body is provided above the ventilation baffle, a heating channel is formed in the heat storage body, an air intake and an air outlet are respectively formed at both ends of the heating channel, the air intake is provided with a second air intake pump and a second air inlet valve, the air outlet is connected to the second air inlet, the air outlet is provided with a second temperature sensor, and the heat storage body can heat the gas in the heating channel; the water collecting box is provided below the filter plate, a water inlet and an air exhaust hole are provided on the top of the water collecting box, a drainage hole is provided on the bottom of the water collecting box, and the water inlet is connected to the filter hole; the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor, the third temperature sensor, the first air inlet valve and the second air inlet valve are all communicatively connected to the controller.

[0005] In one embodiment, a first oxygen content sensor is provided at the first air inlet, a second oxygen content sensor is provided at the air outlet, and a third oxygen content sensor is provided at the exhaust hole. The first oxygen content sensor, the second oxygen content sensor and the third oxygen content sensor are all communicatively connected to the controller.

[0006] In one embodiment, a humidity sensor is provided at the exhaust hole, and the humidity sensor is communicatively connected to the controller.

[0007] In one embodiment, a liquid level sensor is provided in the water collecting tank, a drain valve is provided in the drain hole, and both the drain valve and the liquid level sensor are communicatively connected to the controller.

[0008] In one embodiment, the stirring assembly includes a stirring motor, a stirring shaft and a stirring paddle. The stirring motor is arranged outside the compost bin, one end of the stirring shaft is connected to the output shaft of the stirring motor, and the other end of the stirring shaft extends into the compost chamber. The stirring paddle is connected to the portion of the stirring shaft extending into the compost chamber, and the stirring motor is communicatively connected to the controller.

[0009] In one embodiment, the stirring shaft is arranged horizontally and is located in the middle of the composting chamber. A fourth temperature sensor communicatively connected to the controller is further provided in the composting chamber. The third temperature sensor and the fourth temperature sensor are respectively located above and below the stirring shaft.

[0010] In one embodiment, the composting device includes a display and an observation window, both of which are arranged on a side wall of the composting box, and the display is communicatively connected to the controller.

[0011] In one embodiment, the filter plate is a grid plate, and a plurality of filter holes distributed at intervals are formed on the filter plate, and each of the filter holes is connected to the water inlet.

[0012] In one embodiment, the compost bin is covered with an insulation layer.

[0013] The present invention also proposes a composting method, using the above-mentioned composting device, the composting method comprising the following steps: the controller starts the first air suction pump to suck room temperature gas into the composting chamber through the first air inlet, and at the same time the controller starts the second air suction pump to suck air into the heating channel through the air suction port, thereby sucking heated gas into the composting chamber through the second air inlet; organic waste and mature compost products are added to the composting box through the feed port; the controller controls the air intake of the first air intake valve and the air intake of the second air intake valve respectively according to the temperature measurement values ​​of the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor and the third temperature sensor, so as to adjust the ratio of the room temperature gas and the heated gas inhaled into the composting chamber.

[0014] The composting device and composting method proposed by the present invention include a composting chamber in which fertilizer and auxiliary agents can be introduced through a feed port. A first air suction pump is provided to draw room-temperature air directly into the composting chamber through a first air inlet. A second air suction pump is provided to draw room-temperature air through the air inlet into a heating channel. Air heated by a heat storage body enters the composting chamber through the second air inlet. A controller adjusts the opening and closing of the first and second air inlet valves to adjust the ratio of room-temperature air to heated air entering the composting chamber, thereby regulating the ambient temperature in the composting chamber and maintaining a suitable temperature environment for microorganisms in the fertilizer to decompose, effectively improving composting efficiency, rationally utilizing heat, and reducing energy waste. The first and second air suction pumps can operate simultaneously to ensure that sufficient air is drawn into the composting chamber, providing the microorganisms in the fertilizer with sufficient oxygen during decomposition, thereby ensuring efficient composting. The composting bin is equipped with a stirring assembly that stirs the fertilizer and adjuvants in the composting chamber, ensuring that the fertilizer, adjuvants, and air are fully in contact and react with each other, further improving composting efficiency. By installing a water collection tank below the composting bin, the liquid produced by the fertilizer during the composting process flows into the water collection tank through the filter holes and can be discharged from the composting device through the drainage holes at the bottom of the water collection tank. The air that has completed the heat exchange and the exhaust gas generated during the composting process enter the water collection tank through the filter holes and are discharged from the composting device through the exhaust holes at the top of the water collection tank. The solids generated by the compost are retained above the filter plate and can be discharged from the composting device through the discharge port, thus achieving the separation of solid, liquid, and gas in the fertilizer, facilitating subsequent processing and recycling. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0016] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a composting device provided by the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the exploded structure of an embodiment of a composting device provided by the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the exploded structure of an embodiment of a heat storage body of a composting device provided by the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure inside the composting box of the composting device provided by the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a stirring assembly of a composting device provided by the present invention;

[0021] Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a water collecting tank of a composting device provided by the present invention;

[0022] Figure 7 The present invention provides a schematic flow chart of the composting method.

[0023] Description of Figure Numbers:

[0024] 10. Compost bin; 101. Display; 102. Observation window; 11. Feed port; 12. Discharge port; 13. First air inlet; 131. First air inlet valve; 132. First temperature sensor; 14. Ventilation baffle; 15. Second air inlet; 16. Filter plate; 161. Filter hole; 17. Stirring assembly; 171. Stirring motor; 172. Stirring shaft; 173. Stirring paddle; 18. Third temperature sensor; 19. Fourth temperature sensor; 20. Heat storage body; 21. Air intake; 211. Second air inlet valve; 212. Second temperature sensor; 22. Air outlet; 30. Water collecting tank; 31. Exhaust hole; 32. Drain hole; 33. Liquid level sensor; 34. Humidity sensor.

[0025] The purpose, features and advantages of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indications are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components under a certain specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indications will also change accordingly.

[0028] In addition, if there are descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present invention, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or suggesting their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features limited to "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In addition, if "and / or" or "and / or" appears in the full text, its meaning includes three parallel solutions. Taking "A and / or B" as an example, it includes solution A, solution B, or solutions that satisfy both A and B. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in this field to implement. When the combination of technical solutions is mutually contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0029] Most existing composting systems operate under natural conditions, and composting efficiency varies with environmental conditions. For example, in areas with lower temperatures or oxygen concentrations, the microorganisms lack a suitable environment, resulting in slower decomposition of organic waste and lower composting efficiency. Some composting systems are equipped with conventional heating devices, but these require continuous heating during microbial decomposition, consuming significant energy.

[0030] The present invention proposes a composting device, including a composting box 10, a heat storage body 20, a water collecting box 30 and a controller. The top of the side box wall of the composting box 10 is provided with a feed port 11 and a first air inlet 13, the bottom of the side box wall of the composting box 10 is provided with a discharge port 12, and the feed port 11 and the discharge port 12 are both provided with openable and closable box doors, the top box wall and the bottom box wall of the composting box 10 are respectively provided with a ventilation baffle 14 and a filter plate 16, the ventilation baffle 14 is provided with a second air inlet 15, and the filter plate 16 is provided with a filter hole 161, a composting chamber is formed in the composting box 10, the feed port 11, the discharge port 12, the first air inlet 13, the second air inlet 15 and the filter hole 161 are all connected to the composting chamber, a stirring assembly 17 for stirring fertilizer is provided in the composting chamber, and a first suction pump, a first temperature sensor 132 and a first air inlet valve are provided at the first air inlet 13. 131, a third temperature sensor 18 is provided in the compost chamber; the heat storage body 20 is provided above the ventilation baffle 14, and a heating channel is formed in the heat storage body 20, with an air intake 21 and an air outlet 22 formed at both ends of the heating channel respectively, the air intake 21 is provided with a second air intake pump and a second air inlet valve 211, the air outlet 22 is connected to the second air inlet 15, and the air outlet 22 is provided with a second temperature sensor 212, and the heat storage body 20 can heat the gas located in the heating channel; the water collecting tank 30 is provided below the filter plate 16, and a water inlet hole and an air exhaust hole 31 are provided on the top of the water collecting tank 30, and a drainage hole 32 is provided on the bottom of the water collecting tank 30, and the water inlet hole is connected to the filter hole 161; the first temperature sensor 132, the second temperature sensor 212, the third temperature sensor 18, the first air inlet valve 131 and the second air inlet valve 211 are all communicatively connected to the controller.

[0031] See also Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3, the heat accumulator 20 and the water collecting tank 30 are arranged above and below the composting tank 10 respectively, the side tank wall of the composting tank 10 is provided with a feeding port 11 and a discharging port 12 respectively, through which the fertilizer and the auxiliary agent to be composted can be poured into the composting cavity, and the fertilizer and the auxiliary agent are accumulated above the filter plate 16 under the action of gravity to compost in the composting cavity. The first air suction pump can directly suck normal temperature air into the composting cavity through the first air inlet hole 13, and the second air suction pump can suck normal temperature air into the heating channel through the air suction port 21, and heat the air in the heating channel through the heat accumulator 20, and the heated air flows out of the heating channel through the air outlet 22 and enters the composting cavity through the second air inlet hole 15. The controller can obtain the temperature of the normal temperature gas through the measurement value of the first temperature sensor 132, obtain the temperature of the heated air through the measurement value of the second temperature sensor 212, and obtain the ambient temperature in the composting cavity through the measurement value of the third temperature sensor 18; when the ambient temperature in the composting cavity is lower than the suitable temperature for the microbial decomposition of the fertilizer, the controller controls the second air inlet valve 211 to be opened wide and the first air inlet valve 131 to be closed small, so as to increase the air suction of the air heated by the heat accumulator 20 and reduce the direct suction of the normal temperature air in the composting cavity, so as to increase the ambient temperature in the composting cavity; conversely, by closing the second air inlet valve 211 and opening the first air inlet valve 131, the ambient temperature in the composting cavity can be reduced. When the composting of the fertilizer in the composting cavity is completed, the liquid generated in the composting process of the fertilizer flows into the water collecting tank 30 through the filter hole 161, and can be discharged out of the composting device through the drain hole 32, at the same time, the air in the composting tank 10 which has completed heat exchange and the exhaust gas generated in the composting process can also enter the water collecting tank 30 through the filter hole 161, and be discharged out of the composting device through the exhaust hole 31, while the solid generated in the composting process is retained above the filter plate 16, so as to realize the separation of solid, liquid and gas.

[0032] In the composting device proposed by the present invention, fertilizer and auxiliary agents can be introduced into the composting chamber through a feed port 11. A first air pump is provided to draw room-temperature air directly into the composting chamber through a first air inlet 13. A second air pump is provided to draw room-temperature air into the heating channel through an air inlet 21. Air heated by a heat storage body 20 enters the composting chamber through a second air inlet 15. A controller adjusts the opening and closing of the first air inlet valve 131 and the second air inlet valve 211 to adjust the ratio of room-temperature air to heated air entering the composting chamber, thereby adjusting the ambient temperature in the composting chamber and maintaining a suitable temperature environment for microorganisms in the fertilizer to decompose, effectively improving composting efficiency, rationally utilizing heat, and reducing energy waste. The first and second air pumps can operate simultaneously to ensure that sufficient air is drawn into the composting chamber, providing the microorganisms in the fertilizer with sufficient oxygen during decomposition, thereby ensuring efficient composting. The composting box 10 is provided with a stirring assembly 17, which can stir the fertilizer and auxiliary agents in the composting chamber to ensure that the fertilizer, auxiliary agents and air can fully contact and react, further improving the composting efficiency. By providing a water collecting tank 30 below the composting box 10, the liquid generated by the fertilizer during the composting process flows into the water collecting tank 30 through the filter holes 161 and can be discharged from the composting device through the drainage holes 32 at the bottom of the water collecting tank 30; the air that has completed the heat exchange and the exhaust gas generated during the composting process enter the water collecting tank 30 through the filter holes 161 and are discharged from the composting device through the exhaust holes 31 at the top of the water collecting tank 30. The solids generated by the compost are retained above the filter plate 16 and can be discharged from the composting device through the discharge port 12, thereby achieving the separation of the solid, liquid and gas of the fertilizer, which is convenient for subsequent processing and recycling.

[0033] It can be explained that the heat storage body 20 adopts the heat storage body 20 in the prior art. The heat storage body 20 can utilize the waste heat generated by external equipment such as a garbage incinerator to store heat, thereby improving the utilization rate of heat, reducing energy consumption in the composting process, and effectively reducing the thermal pollution caused to the environment by the waste heat emissions of external equipment, thereby achieving energy conservation and emission reduction.

[0034] In one embodiment, a first oxygen content sensor is provided at the first air inlet 13, a second oxygen content sensor is provided at the air outlet 22, and a third oxygen content sensor is provided at the exhaust hole 31. The first oxygen content sensor, the second oxygen content sensor and the third oxygen content sensor are all communicatively connected to the controller.

[0035] It should be noted that the first oxygen content sensor can monitor the oxygen content in the normal temperature air sucked into the composting cavity through the first air inlet hole 13 in real time, the second oxygen content sensor is used to detect the oxygen content of the heated air at the air outlet 22 of the heat storage body 20 heating channel, and the third oxygen content sensor is installed at the exhaust hole 31 and is used to monitor the oxygen content in the exhaust gas discharged from the composting cavity through the filter hole 161, so as to feed back the actual consumption of oxygen and the utilization efficiency of oxygen by microorganisms in the composting process. Through the close cooperation of the three oxygen content sensors and the controller, the oxygen content in the composting device is comprehensively and real-timely monitored and accurately controlled, so that the microorganisms in the fertilizer can efficiently carry out decomposition reaction in a suitable oxygen concentration environment, the composting efficiency is further improved, and problems such as insufficient composting and energy waste caused by insufficient or excessive oxygen are reduced.

[0036] In an embodiment, a humidity sensor 34 is arranged at the exhaust hole 31 and is communicatively connected to the controller.

[0037] Referring to Figure 6 The humidity sensor 34 is arranged close to the exhaust hole 31, and the humidity sensor 34 can monitor the humidity content in the exhaust gas discharged from the composting cavity through the filter hole 161 in real time, so as to reflect the evaporation of water in the composting process and the dynamic change of humidity in the composting cavity. After receiving the signal from the humidity sensor 34, the controller can comprehensively analyze the humidity information and the environmental conditions in the composting cavity. When the humidity measured by the humidity sensor 34 is too high, the controller can automatically adjust the ventilation amount at the ventilation baffle 14, for example, increase the opening degree of the second air inlet hole 15, increase the inflow amount of heated air, and increase the temperature and air flow in the composting cavity, so as to promote the evaporation and discharge of water. At the same time, the controller can adjust the rotating speed and working frequency of the stirring assembly 17, so that the fertilizer and the auxiliary agent in the composting cavity are fully stirred, so that the water is uniformly distributed and the evaporation is accelerated. Conversely, when the humidity measured by the humidity sensor 34 is too low, the controller can reduce the ventilation amount and the air flow rate, so as to reduce the excessive loss of water. At the same time, the controller can control the feeding amount and feeding frequency at the feeding port 11, and appropriately increase the input of the auxiliary agent containing water, so as to maintain a suitable humidity environment in the composting cavity. Through the close cooperation of the humidity sensor 34 and the controller, the humidity in the composting device is real-timely monitored and accurately controlled, so that the microorganisms in the fertilizer can efficiently carry out decomposition reaction in a suitable humidity environment, the composting efficiency is further improved, and the composting quality problems caused by improper humidity are reduced.

[0038] In an embodiment, a liquid level sensor 33 is arranged in the water collecting tank 30, and a drain valve is arranged at the drain hole 32. The drain valve and the liquid level sensor 33 are both communicatively connected to the controller.

[0039] Referring to Figure 6Liquid level sensor 33 is located near drain hole 32. It monitors the liquid level in water collection tank 30 in real time and transmits this data to the controller. During the composting process, liquid generated by fertilizer decomposition flows into water collection tank 30 through filter hole 161. Liquid level sensor 33 continuously monitors the liquid level in water collection tank 30. When the liquid level reaches a preset high value, sensor 33 transmits a high-level signal to the controller. Upon receiving this signal, the controller automatically controls the drain valve to open, allowing the liquid in water collection tank 30 to drain out of the composting apparatus through drain hole 32. This prevents excessive accumulation of liquid in water collection tank 30 and prevents it from flowing back into the composting chamber due to excessively high liquid levels, which could affect the normal progress of the composting process and the quality of the compost. Furthermore, based on the monitoring data from liquid level sensor 33, combined with the progress of the composting process and the decomposition of fertilizer, the controller can rationally control the timing and amount of drainage to ensure timely and effective discharge of liquid from water collection tank 30, maintain a stable liquid level in water collection tank 30, and ensure the stable operation of the composting apparatus. When the liquid level drops to a preset low value, liquid level sensor 33 sends a low-level signal to the controller, which in turn closes the drain valve, stopping drainage. This prevents excessive drainage from emptying the collection tank 30 and affecting subsequent liquid collection. The coordinated operation of liquid level sensor 33, drain valve, and controller achieves automated and precise control of the liquid level in the collection tank 30, ensuring the composting system effectively collects and discharges liquid produced by fertilizer decomposition during operation, improving the system's intelligence and operational efficiency.

[0040] In one embodiment, the stirring assembly 17 includes a stirring motor 171, a stirring shaft 172 and a stirring paddle 173. The stirring motor 171 is arranged outside the compost bin 10, one end of the stirring shaft 172 is connected to the output shaft of the stirring motor 171, and the other end of the stirring shaft 172 extends into the compost chamber. The stirring paddle 173 is connected to the portion of the stirring shaft 172 extending into the compost chamber, and the stirring motor 171 is communicatively connected to the controller.

[0041] See also Figure 4 and Figure 5The stirring motor 171 is arranged outside the composting box 10, which is convenient for installation and maintenance, avoids direct contact between the motor and the high-temperature and high-humidity environment in the composting box 10, and prolongs the service life of the motor. One end of the stirring shaft 172 is connected to the output shaft of the stirring motor 171, and when the stirring motor 171 is started, the power of the motor can be stably transmitted to the stirring shaft 172 to drive the stirring shaft 172 to rotate. The other end of the stirring shaft 172 extends into the composting cavity, and the extending part is connected with the stirring paddle 173. The stirring paddle 173 can fully and sufficiently stir the fertilizer in the composting cavity during rotation. Through the driving of the stirring motor 171, the stirring shaft 172 and the stirring paddle 173 can fully mix the fertilizer in the composting cavity with the air entering through the air vent and the auxiliary agent added through the feeding port 11, promote physical contact and chemical reaction between the fertilizer, air and auxiliary agent, accelerate the decomposition of organic matter in the fertilizer, and improve the composting efficiency. At the same time, the stirring process can make the fertilizer heated more uniformly, avoid local overheating or insufficient heating, further improve the composting quality, ensure the effective use of heat and oxygen during the composting process, and optimize the composting effect. It should be noted that the stirring motor 171 is a motor in the prior art.

[0042] In an embodiment, the stirring shaft 172 is horizontally arranged, and the stirring shaft 172 is located in the middle of the composting cavity. The fourth temperature sensor 19 is arranged in the composting cavity and is in communication with the controller. The third temperature sensor 18 and the fourth temperature sensor 19 are located above and below the stirring shaft 172, respectively.

[0043] Further, the horizontal arrangement of the stirring shaft 172 and the layout in the middle of the composting cavity enable the stirring paddle 173 to form a uniform and comprehensive stirring effect in the composting cavity, ensuring that the fertilizer, auxiliary agent and air are fully mixed in each area of the composting cavity, and avoiding uneven decomposition caused by insufficient stirring in some areas. The third temperature sensor 18 is located above the stirring shaft 172 and can monitor the temperature change of the upper space of the composting cavity in real time. The fourth temperature sensor 19 is located below the stirring shaft 172 and can accurately detect the temperature condition of the lower space of the composting cavity. By acquiring temperature data from different heights through the third temperature sensor 18 and the fourth temperature sensor 19, the temperature distribution in the vertical direction of the composting cavity can be comprehensively understood. When the temperature difference between the upper and lower parts is too large, the output power of the stirring motor 171 is increased, which can transfer the heat in the upper part of the composting cavity to the lower part, thereby effectively avoiding the local overheating or overcooling in the composting cavity, ensuring that the microorganisms can efficiently decompose the fertilizer in a suitable temperature environment, and improving the composting efficiency and quality.

[0044] In an embodiment, the composting device comprises a display 101 and an observation window 102. The display 101 and the observation window 102 are arranged on the side wall of the composting box 10, and the display 101 is in communication with the controller.

[0045] See also Figure 2 Display 101 receives and displays real-time composting unit operating data from the controller, including key parameters such as temperature, humidity, oxygen content, and liquid level within the compost chamber, as well as real-time monitoring values ​​from various sensors and the operating status of each actuator. By observing the data on display 101, operators can intuitively and comprehensively understand the composting unit's operating status, promptly detect abnormalities, and take appropriate measures. Observation window 102, made of transparent material and mounted on the side wall of compost bin 10, allows operators to visually observe the composting status of the fertilizer within the compost chamber without opening the bin door.

[0046] In one embodiment, the filter plate 16 is a grid plate, and a plurality of filter holes 161 distributed at intervals are formed on the filter plate 16 , and each filter hole 161 is connected to the water inlet.

[0047] See also Figure 2 The filter plate 16 adopts a grid plate structure, which is composed of a plurality of parallel bars. Regular filter holes 161 are formed between adjacent bars. These filter holes 161 are evenly distributed on the filter plate 16 to ensure that the liquid in the compost chamber can evenly pass through the filter holes 161 under the action of gravity and flow into the water collecting tank 30 below. The size of the filter holes 161 is precisely designed, which can not only effectively filter out solid fertilizer particles and prevent them from entering the water collecting tank 30, but also ensure the smooth passage of liquid to avoid blockage. The filter holes 161 are connected to the water inlet hole of the water collecting tank 30, realizing efficient separation of solids and liquids. In addition, the grid structure of the filter plate 16 is convenient for regular cleaning and maintenance. The operator can easily remove solid residues attached to the bars, ensure the smooth flow of the filter holes 161, extend the service life of the filter plate 16, and ensure the long-term stable operation of the composting device.

[0048] In one embodiment, the compost bin 10 is covered with an insulation layer, and the thickness of the insulation layer is not less than 5 cm.

[0049] It can be understood that the insulation layer is tightly attached to the outer wall of the compost bin 10, which can effectively reduce the loss of heat in the compost chamber to the outside during the composting process, so that the heat in the compost chamber can be effectively retained, reducing the temperature fluctuation caused by heat loss, thereby providing a more stable high-temperature environment for microorganisms, which is conducive to accelerating the decomposition and conversion of organic matter, thereby improving composting efficiency.

[0050] The present invention also provides a composting method, which uses the above-mentioned composting device. The specific structure of the composting device is referred to the above-mentioned embodiment. Since the present composting method adopts all the technical solutions of all the above-mentioned embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought about by the technical solutions of the above-mentioned embodiments, which will not be described in detail here. The composting method includes the following steps:

[0051] S10: The controller activates the first air suction pump to suck room temperature gas into the compost chamber through the first air inlet 13, and simultaneously activates the second air suction pump to suck air into the heating channel through the air inlet 21, thereby sucking heated gas into the compost chamber through the second air inlet 15;

[0052] See also Figure 7 The controller activates the first suction pump, drawing ambient air into the compost chamber through the first air inlet 13 to provide oxygen for the composting process. Simultaneously, the second suction pump is activated, drawing air from the air inlet 21 into the heating channel. After being heated by the heat storage element 20, the heated air is delivered into the compost chamber through the second air inlet 15. This preheating of the compost chamber by drawing in heated air ensures that two gases of different temperatures are available within the compost chamber, meeting both the initial need for a large amount of ambient air and the need for heated air to raise the temperature during the low-temperature phase of the composting process.

[0053] S20: adding organic waste and mature compost products into the compost bin 10 through the feed port 11;

[0054] Organic waste and mature compost products are added into the compost bin 10 through the feed port 11 to provide basic materials for the composting process. The mature compost products are used as a source of microorganisms to accelerate the decomposition of the newly added organic waste, which helps to quickly start the composting process.

[0055] S30: The controller controls the air intake amount of the first air intake valve 131 and the air intake amount of the second air intake valve 211 according to the temperature measurement values ​​of the first temperature sensor 132, the second temperature sensor 212 and the third temperature sensor 18, so as to adjust the ratio of the room temperature gas and the heated gas inhaled into the composting chamber.

[0056] Based on the measurements from the first temperature sensor 132, the second temperature sensor 212, and the third temperature sensor 18, the controller controls the openings of the first and second air inlet valves 131 and 211, respectively, to adjust the ratio of ambient temperature gas to heated gas drawn into the composting chamber. When the temperature in the composting chamber is low, the controller increases the opening of the second air inlet valve 211 to increase the amount of heated gas drawn in, while decreasing the opening of the first air inlet valve 131 to reduce the amount of ambient temperature gas drawn in. The controller performs the opposite operation. This automated gas ratio control ensures a stable temperature in the composting chamber, creating a suitable environment for microbial growth and metabolism, thereby ensuring efficient composting.

[0057] In one embodiment, organic solid waste, along with a material conditioner and microbial inoculum, is added to a compost bin 10 and then fermented using a composting device. When the fertilizer temperature falls below a desired value or the oxygen concentration at the exhaust port 31 drops to 5%, the first and second air inlet valves 131 and 211 open, and the air intakes of the first and second air inlet valves 131 and 132 are adjusted based on the real-time intake air temperature, intake air oxygen content, and the temperature of the thermal storage element 20. When the temperature difference between the third and fourth temperature sensors 18 and 19 in the compost chamber exceeds 10%, the stirring motor 171 is activated, driving the stirring paddle 173 to rotate. When the temperature difference between the second and third temperature sensors 212 and 18 is less than 15°C, the controller sounds an alarm, indicating that the thermal storage element 20 needs to be replaced. When the humidity at the exhaust port 31 falls below 5%, the controller sounds an alarm, indicating that additional water needs to be added. When the composting is completed after 15 days of normal operation, the third temperature sensor 18 shows that the temperature change pattern of the fertilizer is in line with expectations, and after 12 hours of stopping the air intake, the oxygen content of the exhaust hole 31 reaches more than 90% of the oxygen content of the first air intake hole 13.

[0058] The above description is merely an exemplary embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformation made by using the contents of the present invention description and drawings under the technical concept of the present invention, or directly / indirectly applied in other related technical fields, is included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A composting device, characterized in that: include: A compost bin, wherein a feed port and a first air inlet are provided at the top of a side box wall of the compost bin, a discharge port is provided at the bottom of the side box wall of the compost bin, and the feed port and the discharge port are both provided with openable and closable box doors, a ventilation baffle and a filter plate are respectively provided on the top box wall and the bottom box wall of the compost bin, the ventilation baffle is provided with a second air inlet, and the filter plate is provided with filter holes, a compost chamber is formed in the compost bin, the feed port, the discharge port, the first air inlet, the second air inlet and the filter holes are all connected to the compost chamber, a stirring assembly for stirring the fertilizer is provided in the compost chamber, a first suction pump, a first temperature sensor and a first air inlet valve are provided at the first air inlet, and a third temperature sensor is provided in the compost chamber; a heat storage body, the heat storage body being arranged above the ventilation baffle, the heat storage body being formed with a heating channel, the two ends of the heating channel being respectively formed with an air intake and an air outlet, the air intake being provided with a second air intake pump and a second air intake valve, the air outlet being connected to the second air intake hole, the air outlet being provided with a second temperature sensor, and the heat storage body being capable of heating the gas in the heating channel; A water collecting box is provided below the filter plate, a water inlet and an air vent are provided on the top of the water collecting box, a drainage hole is provided on the bottom of the water collecting box, and the water inlet is connected to the filter hole; A controller, wherein the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor, the third temperature sensor, the first intake valve and the second intake valve are all communicatively connected to the controller.

2. The composting device according to claim 1, wherein A first oxygen content sensor is provided at the first air inlet, a second oxygen content sensor is provided at the air outlet, and a third oxygen content sensor is provided at the exhaust hole. The first oxygen content sensor, the second oxygen content sensor and the third oxygen content sensor are all communicatively connected to the controller.

3. The composting device according to claim 2, characterized in that A humidity sensor is provided at the exhaust hole, and the humidity sensor is communicatively connected to the controller.

4. The composting device according to claim 2, wherein: A liquid level sensor is provided in the water collecting tank, a drain valve is provided in the drain hole, and both the drain valve and the liquid level sensor are communicatively connected to the controller.

5. The composting device according to claim 1, wherein: The stirring assembly includes a stirring motor, a stirring shaft and a stirring paddle. The stirring motor is arranged outside the compost box, one end of the stirring shaft is connected to the output shaft of the stirring motor, and the other end of the stirring shaft extends into the compost chamber. The stirring paddle is connected to the portion of the stirring shaft extending into the compost chamber, and the stirring motor is communicatively connected to the controller.

6. The composting device according to claim 5, characterized in that The stirring shaft is arranged horizontally and is located in the middle of the composting chamber. A fourth temperature sensor communicatively connected to the controller is also provided in the composting chamber. The third temperature sensor and the fourth temperature sensor are respectively located above and below the stirring shaft.

7. The composting device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The composting device comprises a display and an observation window, both of which are arranged on the side box wall of the compost box, and the display is communicatively connected to the controller.

8. The composting device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The filter plate is a grid plate, and a plurality of filter holes distributed at intervals are formed on the filter plate, and each of the filter holes is connected to the water inlet.

9. The composting device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The compost box is covered with a heat-insulating layer.

10. A composting method, characterized in that: Using the composting device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the composting method comprises the steps of: The controller activates the first air suction pump to suck room-temperature gas into the compost chamber through the first air inlet, and simultaneously activates the second air suction pump to suck air into the heating channel through the air inlet, thereby sucking heated gas into the compost chamber through the second air inlet; Adding organic waste and mature compost products into the compost box through the feed port; The controller controls the air intake amount of the first air intake valve and the air intake amount of the second air intake valve respectively according to the temperature measurement values ​​of the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor and the third temperature sensor, so as to adjust the ratio of the normal temperature gas and the heated gas inhaled into the composting chamber.

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