Apple quality improving type synergistic water-soluble fertilizer and production method thereof
The apple quality-enhancing and high-efficiency water-soluble fertilizer prepared through scientific proportions and processes solves the problem of trace element deficiency in compound fertilizers, achieves comprehensive nutrient supply for apple trees, improves fruit quality and yield, reduces costs and reduces pollution.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510670192.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-23
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-10
AI Technical Summary
The lack of trace elements or unreasonable proportions in existing compound fertilizers result in apple trees being unable to obtain comprehensive and balanced nutrition, limiting the improvement of apple yield and quality.
This water-soluble fertilizer for improving apple quality uses a scientifically reasonable ratio of ingredients such as calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, magnesium nitrate hexahydrate, sodium octaborate, and zinc nitrate hexahydrate. It is combined with urease inhibitors and nitrification inhibitors, and is made into small spherical granular fertilizer through stirring, heating, granulation, and coating processes to provide comprehensive nutritional support.
Improve the appearance of apple fruit, reduce physiological diseases, enhance commodity value, promote the accumulation of nutrients in fruit, enhance stress resistance, improve nitrogen fertilizer utilization rate, reduce costs and reduce environmental pollution, and improve the growth of apple trees and fruit development.
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Figure CN120757423A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of compound fertilizers, and in particular to an apple quality-enhancing water-soluble fertilizer and a production method thereof. Background Art
[0002] As one of the world's most important fruits, apples occupy a crucial position in the fruit market due to their rich nutritional value, diverse taste, and widespread consumer demand. In my country, apple planting area and production are among the highest in the world. The development of the apple industry is crucial for promoting agricultural economic growth and increasing farmers' incomes.
[0003] However, at present, most compound fertilizers used for apple tree cultivation focus on the supply of macroelements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, while attention to trace elements such as calcium, magnesium, boron, and zinc is seriously insufficient. Calcium is an important component of the cell wall of apple fruit and is essential for maintaining the hardness and storage resistance of the fruit. Magnesium is the core component of chlorophyll and participates in the absorption, transmission, and conversion of light energy in photosynthesis. Boron plays a key role in the formation of apple flowers, pollen germination, and pollen tube elongation. Zinc is a component and activator of various enzymes and participates in physiological processes such as auxin synthesis in plants. The lack of these trace elements or the unreasonable proportions in existing compound fertilizers make it impossible for apple trees to obtain comprehensive and balanced nutrition, thereby limiting the improvement of apple yield and quality.
[0004] In view of the above problems, an apple quality-enhancing synergistic water-soluble fertilizer and a production method thereof are now designed. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The embodiments of the present application provide a water-soluble fertilizer for improving apple quality and a production method thereof, so as to solve the problem that the existing compound fertilizers in the related art are deficient in these trace elements or have unreasonable proportions, which makes it impossible for apple trees to obtain comprehensive and balanced nutrition, thereby limiting the improvement of apple yield and quality.
[0006] In a first aspect, a water-soluble fertilizer for improving apple quality is provided, comprising the following raw material components by weight: 30-40 parts of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, 15-25 parts of magnesium nitrate hexahydrate, 30-40 parts of beet molasses, 0.4-1 part of sodium octaborate, 0.4-1 part of zinc nitrate hexahydrate, 0.1-0.3 part of vitamin B2, 1-2 parts of monosodium glutamate, 2-3 parts of yeast extract, 1-2 parts of sodium dioctyl maleate sulfonate, 1-3 parts of seaweed extract, 0.5-1 part of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 0.3-0.6 parts of urease inhibitor, and 0.3-0.6 parts of nitrification inhibitor; The above raw materials are all commercially available products, including: The calcium nitrate tetrahydrate is white crystalline particles, easily soluble in water, with nitrogen content of 11.8%-15.8%, and calcium content of 23.4%-31.2%; The magnesium nitrate hexahydrate is colorless crystalline, easily soluble in water, with nitrogen content of 9.2%-15.3%, and magnesium content of 10.7%-17.8%; The sodium octaborate is white crystalline powder, with boron content of 20.8%-21.7% The zinc nitrate hexahydrate is colorless tetragonal crystalline, easily soluble in water, with nitrogen content of about 13.8%-34.5%, and zinc content percentage range of about 8.79%-21.9%.
[0007] In some embodiments, the seaweed extract is chitosan, which is a white-like powder.
[0008] In some embodiments, the weight parts of the raw material components are as follows: calcium nitrate tetrahydrate 35-40 parts, magnesium nitrate hexahydrate 20-25 parts, sugar beet molasses 35-40 parts, sodium octaborate 0.9-1 part, zinc nitrate hexahydrate 0.8-1 part, vitamin B2 0.2-0.3 part, sodium glutamate 1.5-2 parts, yeast extract 2.5-3 parts, sodium diisooctyl sulfonate 1.5-2 parts, seaweed extract 2-3 parts, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether 0.8-1 part, urease inhibitor 0.4-0.6 part, and nitrification inhibitor 0.35-0.6 part.
[0009] In some embodiments, the weight parts of the raw material components are as follows: calcium nitrate tetrahydrate 35 parts, magnesium nitrate hexahydrate 20 parts, sugar beet molasses 35 parts, sodium octaborate 0.7 part, zinc nitrate hexahydrate 0.7 part, vitamin B2 0.2 part, sodium glutamate 1.5 part, yeast extract 2.5 part, sodium diisooctyl sulfonate 1.5 part, seaweed extract 3 part, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether 0.7 part, urease inhibitor 0.4 part, and nitrification inhibitor 0.4 part.
[0010] A production method of apple quality improving type synergistic water-soluble fertilizer, comprising the following process steps: After accurately measuring according to the formula ratio, the raw materials are sent into a stirrer for fully mixing, and the mixed raw materials are sent into a heater for heating at a temperature of 50-80℃ for 10-30 minutes to fully dissolve or soften the raw materials, and the materials are continuously stirred during the heating process to ensure uniform heating; The heated materials are sent into a granulator, and the rotation speed is controlled at 58-60 revolutions per minute, and the materials are made into small spherical particles through the extrusion and shearing of the granulator; The prepared particles are sent into a coating machine for coating treatment, and the coating material is polyvinyl alcohol or polyacrylate, and the coating material uniformly coats the surface of the particles to form a protective film during the coating process; The coated particles are sent into a dryer for drying treatment, the drying time is 30-120 minutes, the drying temperature is 60-100 DEG C, the excess moisture is removed, and the dried particles are sent into a screening machine for screening treatment, the particle size of the fertilizer particles is set to 2-3 mm, and the unqualified large particles and small particles are removed; The qualified particles after screening are sent into an anti-caking treatment equipment for anti-caking treatment, and finally, the treated particles are measured and packaged.
[0011] In some embodiments, the stirrer is a horizontal stirrer, and the stirring rate is 50-200 revolutions per minute.
[0012] In some embodiments, the concentration of the coating liquid for the coating treatment can be controlled to be 3%-4%, and the drying temperature is maintained at 110-120 DEG C.
[0013] The embodiment of the present application provides a kind of apple quality promotion type synergistic water-soluble fertilizer and its production method, by proportioning scientific and reasonable, nutrition is comprehensive and balanced, reasonable supply calcium, boron and other elements, can improve the appearance of apple fruit, reduce physiological disease, improve commodity value;Multiple nutrient elements and biological active substances synergistically, can promote the accumulation of fruit nutrients, improve sugar-acid ratio, improve taste;Multiple raw materials synergistically can enhance the stress resistance of apple tree, reduce adversity loss, protect normal growth and fruit development;Reasonable proportioning of a large number of and trace elements and biological active substances regulation, can provide comprehensive nutritional support for apple tree, promote branch leaf, root growth and flower bud differentiation, lay a foundation for high yield and stable yield;The use of urease inhibitor and nitrification inhibitor can reduce nitrogen loss, improve nitrogen utilization rate, reduce cost and reduce environmental pollution;Surface active agent application improves the physical properties of fertilizer, promotes nutrient absorption, and improves fertilizer utilization efficiency.The water-soluble fertilizer has significant advantages in improving apple quality, ensuring stable yield and high yield, improving fertilizer utilization rate and environmental protection, and has strong market competitiveness. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0014] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiment description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creating laborious work.
[0015] Figure 1 Quality parameters of apple trees treated by different fertilization in example one provided by the embodiment of the present application Figure 1 ; Figure 2 Quality parameters of apple trees treated by different fertilization in example one provided by the embodiment of the present application Figure 2 Figure 3Quality parameters of apple trees treated with different fertilizers in Example 2 provided in this application Figure 1 ; Figure 4 Quality parameters of apple trees treated with different fertilizers in Example 2 provided in this application Figure 2 ; Figure 5 Quality parameters of apple trees treated with different fertilizers in Example 3 of this application Figure 1 ; Figure 6 Quality parameters of apple trees treated with different fertilizers in Example 3 of this application Figure 2 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0016] To make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0017] The embodiments of the present application provide an apple quality-enhancing water-soluble fertilizer and a production method thereof, which can solve the problem of the lack of these trace elements or unreasonable proportions in existing compound fertilizers in the related art, which makes it impossible for apple trees to obtain comprehensive and balanced nutrition, thereby limiting the improvement of apple yield and quality.
[0018] See also Figure 1-Figure 3, a water-soluble fertilizer for improving apple quality, characterized in that the raw material components are as follows by weight: 30-40 parts of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, 15-25 parts of magnesium nitrate hexahydrate, 30-40 parts of beet molasses, 0.4-1 part of sodium octaborate, 0.4-1 part of zinc nitrate hexahydrate, 0.1-0.3 part of vitamin B2, 1-2 parts of monosodium glutamate, 2-3 parts of yeast extract, 1-2 parts of sodium dioctyl maleate sulfonate, 1-3 parts of seaweed extract, 0.5-1 part of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 0.3-0.6 parts of urease inhibitor, and 0.3-0.6 parts of nitrification inhibitor; the above raw materials are all commercially available products, and The calcium nitrate tetrahydrate is a white crystalline granule, easily soluble in water, with a nitrogen content of 11.8%-15.8% and a calcium content of 23.4%-31.2%; the magnesium nitrate hexahydrate is a colorless crystal, easily soluble in water, with a nitrogen content of 9.2%-15.3% and a magnesium content of 10.7%-17.8%; the sodium octaborate is a white crystalline powder, with a boron content of 20.8%-21.7%; the zinc nitrate hexahydrate is a colorless tetragonal crystal, easily soluble in water, with a nitrogen content of approximately 13.8%-34.5% and a zinc content of approximately 8.79%-21.9%.
[0019] Calcium nitrate tetrahydrate provides nitrogen and calcium, promoting the growth of apple trees' branches and leaves. Calcium significantly impacts apple fruit quality. As a key component of the cell wall, it strengthens the cell wall, improves the firmness and storage stability of the fruit, and reduces the incidence of fruit diseases. Magnesium nitrate hexahydrate provides nitrogen and magnesium. Magnesium is a core component of chlorophyll and participates in photosynthesis, ensuring that apple trees can efficiently convert light energy and produce organic matter, providing the energy and material foundation for fruit development.
[0020] Sodium octaborate provides boron, which is essential for the formation of apple flowers, pollen germination and pollen tube elongation. It helps to increase the fruit set rate of apples and reduce the phenomenon of flower and fruit drop. At the same time, it has a positive effect on the transport and metabolism of carbohydrates in the fruit, which is beneficial to the normal development and quality improvement of the fruit.
[0021] Zinc nitrate hexahydrate provides zinc, which is a component and activator of many enzymes. It participates in physiological processes such as auxin synthesis in plants, promotes the growth and development of apple trees, enhances tree vigor, and improves fruit quality and yield.
[0022] Vitamin B2 plays an important role in the physiological metabolism of apple trees. It participates in redox reactions, promotes cell respiration and energy metabolism, helps maintain the normal physiological functions of apple trees, and improves their resistance to adversity.
[0023] Monosodium glutamate may be involved in the amino acid metabolism and protein synthesis process in apple trees, providing the necessary material basis for the growth and development of apple trees.
[0024] Yeast extract is rich in nutrients such as amino acids, vitamins, minerals, etc., which can provide comprehensive nutritional support for apple trees, promote the activity of microorganisms in the soil, improve the soil microecological environment, and benefit the growth of apple tree roots and nutrient absorption.
[0025] Sodium diethyl sulfonate maleate: an anionic surfactant that can reduce the surface tension of fertilizer, making it easier for the fertilizer solution to spread and penetrate on the surface of apple tree leaves, improving the adhesion and absorption efficiency of the fertilizer on the leaves, while helping the fertilizer to disperse and penetrate in the soil, and promoting the absorption of nutrients by the roots.
[0026] Fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether is a non-ionic surfactant with good wetting, dispersing and emulsifying properties. It can improve the physical properties of fertilizers, make fertilizer particles more uniform, and facilitate application. It can also improve the compatibility of fertilizers with other substances and enhance the stability of fertilizers.
[0027] Urease inhibitors can catalyze the hydrolysis of urea into ammonia and carbon dioxide. Urease inhibitors can inhibit the activity of urease, slow down the hydrolysis rate of urea, make nitrogen exist in the soil in a more stable form, reduce the volatilization loss of ammonia, improve the utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer, extend the fertilizer effect period, and meet the nitrogen needs of apple trees at different growth stages.
[0028] Nitrification inhibitors can convert ammonium nitrogen into nitrate nitrogen. Nitrification inhibitors can inhibit the activity of nitrifying bacteria and reduce the conversion of ammonium nitrogen to nitrate nitrogen, thereby reducing the risk of nitrate nitrogen leaching in the soil, allowing nitrogen to be absorbed and utilized by apple tree roots in the form of ammonium nitrogen for a longer period of time, and improving the utilization efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer.
[0029] Seaweed extract is rich in a variety of bioactive substances, such as polysaccharides, amino acids, vitamins, and minerals, which can stimulate the growth of apple tree roots, increase the absorption area of the roots, and improve the roots' ability to absorb water and nutrients; at the same time, it can also regulate the physiological metabolism of apple trees, enhance the apple tree's resistance to stress, such as drought resistance, cold resistance, and disease resistance, promote the growth and development of apple trees, and improve the quality and yield of apples.
[0030] By reasonably supplying elements such as calcium and boron, the appearance of apple fruit can be improved, making the fruit bright in color, regular in shape, and smooth in surface, reducing the occurrence of physiological diseases such as bitter pit and water core disease, and increasing the commercial value of the fruit.
[0031] The synergistic effect of multiple nutrients and bioactive substances promotes the accumulation of sugars, vitamins, aroma compounds, and other nutrients within the apple fruit, increasing the sugar-acid ratio and improving the taste, making the apple sweeter and more delicious. This synergistic effect enhances the apple tree's resilience, enabling it to better adapt and resist adverse conditions like drought, low temperatures, pests and diseases, reducing losses caused by these conditions and ensuring normal growth and fruit development.
[0032] The reasonable ratio of macroelements and medium and trace elements, as well as the regulatory effect of bioactive substances, can provide comprehensive nutritional support for apple trees, promote the growth of branches and leaves, root development and flower bud differentiation of apple trees, and lay the foundation for high and stable apple yields.
[0033] The use of urease inhibitors and nitrification inhibitors can effectively reduce nitrogen loss, improve nitrogen fertilizer utilization, lower fertilizer costs, and reduce environmental pollution caused by fertilizer loss. The use of surfactants improves the physical properties of fertilizers, promotes nutrient absorption by apple trees, and further improves fertilizer utilization efficiency.
[0034] Specifically, the seaweed extract in this embodiment is chitosan, which is an off-white powder.
[0035] Chitosan acts as a signaling molecule, activating the expression of genes within apple tree root cells. These genes regulate the synthesis and metabolism of cytokinins and auxins, increasing the activity of enzymes involved in cytokinin synthesis and leading to increased cytokinin levels. This stimulates the division of cells in the root apical meristem and increases the number of root cells. Chitosan also influences the polar transport of auxin, causing it to accumulate in specific locations within the root system and promote cell elongation.
[0036] Under the action of chitosan, the apple tree's root system not only increases in length but also develops more lateral roots and root hairs. The increase in lateral roots broadens the root distribution in the soil, increasing the contact area between the roots and soil particles. The abundance of root hairs further improves the root system's efficiency in absorbing water and nutrients. This creates a denser and more extensive "root network," enabling a more comprehensive capture of soil resources.
[0037] Chitosan is a natural bioactive substance that provides a nutrient source for beneficial microorganisms in the soil, promoting the growth and activity of beneficial bacteria such as nitrogen-fixing bacteria and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria. Nitrogen-fixing bacteria convert nitrogen in the air into nitrogen that can be used by apple trees, while phosphate-solubilizing bacteria convert insoluble phosphorus in the soil into a form that can be absorbed by apple trees, thereby improving soil fertility.
[0038] Example 1: The following raw materials are prepared in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, 15-25 parts of magnesium nitrate hexahydrate, 30-40 parts of beet molasses, 0.4-1 part of sodium octaborate, 0.4-1 part of zinc nitrate hexahydrate, 0.1-0.3 part of vitamin B2, 1-2 parts of monosodium glutamate, 2-3 parts of yeast extract, 1-2 parts of sodium dioctyl sulfonate maleate, 1-3 parts of seaweed extract, 0.5-1 part of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 0.3-0.6 parts of urease inhibitor, and 0.3-0.6 parts of nitrification inhibitor.
[0039] The mature Red Fuji apple trees were selected as the experimental varieties, and the commonly used 15-15-15 balanced compound fertilizer was used for comparative experiments. Three seedlings were selected in each group, and three groups of control experiments were conducted. The fertilizer application amount ranged from 1 to 2 kilograms.
[0040] Figure 1 These are the quality parameters of apple trees treated with different fertilizations in Example 1.
[0041] Among them, the new shoot growth amount reflects the growth of new shoots of apple trees after fertilization. The larger the value, the more vigorous the growth of new shoots.
[0042] Changes in branch thickness: reflects the degree of thickening of branches over a certain period of time, and is related to the tree's nutrient accumulation and growth potential.
[0043] Crown volume change: measures the expansion of the crown after fertilization, reflecting the tree's overall growth space and nutrient supply capacity.
[0044] Number of leaves: The number of leaves on each branch reflects the photosynthetic area of the tree to a certain extent.
[0045] Leaf chlorophyll content: Indicated by the SPAD value, high chlorophyll content is conducive to photosynthesis and provides more energy for tree growth and fruit development.
[0046] Single fruit weight: The weight of a single fruit is an important indicator for measuring fruit size and yield.
[0047] Fruit hardness: affects the storage stability and taste of the fruit. Moderate hardness is conducive to storage and transportation.
[0048] Soluble solids: mainly include soluble substances such as sugar, acid, and vitamins. The higher the content, the sweeter the fruit tastes and the better the quality.
[0049] Fruit color scoring: The fruit color is scored manually or by instruments. The higher the score, the brighter the fruit color and the better the appearance quality.
[0050] Example 2: The following raw material components are used in parts by weight: 35-40 parts of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, 20-25 parts of magnesium nitrate hexahydrate, 35-40 parts of beet molasses, 0.9-1 part of sodium octaborate, 0.8-1 part of zinc nitrate hexahydrate, 0.2-0.3 part of vitamin B2, 1.5-2 parts of monosodium glutamate, 2.5-3 parts of yeast extract, 1.5-2 parts of sodium dioctyl sulfonate maleate, 2-3 parts of seaweed extract, 0.8-1 part of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 0.4-0.6 part of urease inhibitor, and 0.35-0.6 part of nitrification inhibitor.
[0051] The mature Red Fuji apple trees were selected as the experimental varieties, and the commonly used 15-15-15 balanced compound fertilizer was used for comparative experiments. Three seedlings were selected in each group, and three groups of control experiments were conducted. The fertilizer application amount ranged from 1 to 2 kilograms.
[0052] Figure 2 These are the quality parameters of apples treated with different fertilizations in Example 1.
[0053] Example 3: The following raw material components are used in parts by weight: 35 parts of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, 20 parts of magnesium nitrate hexahydrate, 35 parts of beet molasses, 0.7 parts of sodium octaborate, 0.7 parts of zinc nitrate hexahydrate, 0.2 parts of vitamin B2, 1.5 parts of monosodium glutamate, 2.5 parts of yeast extract, 1.5 parts of sodium dioctyl sulfonate maleate, 3 parts of seaweed extract, 0.7 parts of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 0.4 parts of urease inhibitor, and 0.4 parts of nitrification inhibitor.
[0054] The mature Red Fuji apple trees were selected as the experimental varieties, and the commonly used 15-15-15 balanced compound fertilizer was used for comparative experiments. Three seedlings were selected in each group, and three groups of control experiments were conducted. The fertilizer application amount ranged from 1 to 2 kilograms.
[0055] Figure 3 These are the quality parameters of apples treated with different fertilizations in Example 1.
[0056] Specifically, the average growth of new shoots in Example 1 was about 26.3 cm, in Example 2 it was about 31 cm, and in Example 3 it was about 28.5 cm. This shows that the apple quality-enhancing water-soluble fertilizer of the present application can effectively promote the growth of new shoots of apple trees, making the trees grow more vigorously, and the examples with different raw material ratios all showed good growth-promoting effects.
[0057] The average branch thickness of Example 1 changes by about 2.1 mm, that of Example 2 by about 2.55 mm, and that of Example 3 by about 2.35 mm. This synergistic water-soluble fertilizer helps to thicken the branches of apple trees, enhance the tree's support and nutrient accumulation capacity, and provide a good foundation for the tree's stable growth and fruiting.
[0058] The average of Example 1 is about 16.3%, the average of Example 2 is about 21%, and the average of Example 3 is about 18.5%. The synergistic water-soluble fertilizer can promote the expansion of the tree crown, increase the growth space and photosynthesis area of the tree, and is beneficial to improving the overall growth potential and photosynthetic efficiency of the tree.
[0059] In Example 1, there are about 47.7 leaves per branch on average, in Example 2, there are about 56 leaves per branch on average, and in Example 3, there are about 52.5 leaves per branch on average. More leaves means a larger photosynthesis area, which is beneficial for the tree to produce more photosynthetic products and provide sufficient energy for fruit growth and tree development.
[0060] The average SPAD value of Example 1 was about 49, that of Example 2 was about 53, and that of Example 3 was about 50.5. A higher chlorophyll content indicates that the leaves have a stronger photosynthetic capacity, can more efficiently convert light energy into chemical energy, and promote the growth of the tree and the development of the fruit.
[0061] The average single fruit weight of Example 1 was about 290g, that of Example 2 was about 325g, and that of Example 3 was about 312.5g. This indicates that the use of the enhanced water-soluble fertilizer helps increase the size and weight of the fruit, improve the yield and commercial value of the fruit, and that the formulations of the different examples can all increase the fruit size to a certain extent.
[0062] The average hardness of Example 1 was about 8.63 kg / cm², that of Example 2 was about 9.1 kg / cm², and that of Example 3 was about 8.95 kg / cm². Moderate fruit hardness is beneficial for storage and transportation of the fruit, reduces damage during storage and transportation, and ensures the marketability of the fruit.
[0063] The soluble solids content of the Example group was higher than that of the Comparative Example group. The average content in Example 1 was approximately 14.77%, in Example 2 it was approximately 16.2%, and in Example 3 it was approximately 15.9%. This increase in soluble solids content means the fruit is sweeter, has a better taste, and is of higher quality, demonstrating that this synergistic water-soluble fertilizer can effectively improve the intrinsic quality of the fruit.
[0064] The average score of Example 1 was about 4.33 points, the average score of Example 2 was about 4.9 points, and the average score of Example 3 was about 4.75 points. A higher color score indicates that the fruit has a brighter color, better appearance quality, and is more popular in the market, indicating that the fertilizer can improve the appearance of the fruit.
[0065] Through a comprehensive analysis of Example 1, Example 2, and Example 3, it can be concluded that the apple quality-enhancing synergistic water-soluble fertilizer of the present application has shown significant advantages in promoting the growth of apple trees, improving leaf quality, and improving fruit quality. Although the weight ratios of the raw material components in the formulas of the different embodiments are different, they are all superior to the commonly used 15-15-15 balanced compound fertilizer to varying degrees. In actual application, according to the specific growth conditions of the apple trees, soil conditions, and other factors, a suitable formula can be selected to achieve the best fertilization effect, improve the yield and quality of apples, and increase economic benefits.
[0066] A method for producing an apple quality-enhancing water-soluble fertilizer comprises the following steps: (1) After accurately measuring the raw materials according to the formula ratio, send them into the blender and mix them thoroughly. Then send the mixed raw materials into the heater and heat them at 50-80℃ for 10-30 minutes to fully dissolve or soften the raw materials. Stir constantly during the heating process to ensure that the materials are heated evenly. (2) The heated material is fed into a granulator with the speed controlled at 58-60 rpm. The material is made into small spherical particles through the extrusion and shearing effects of the granulator; (3) The prepared particles are sent to a coating machine for coating. The coating material is polyvinyl alcohol or polyacrylate. During the coating process, the coating material is evenly wrapped on the surface of the particles to form a protective film. (4) The coated particles are sent to the dryer for drying. The drying time is 30-120 minutes and the drying temperature is 60-100°C to remove excess moisture. The dried particles are sent to the screening machine for screening. The particle size of the fertilizer particles is set at 2-3 mm to remove unqualified large and small particles. (5) The qualified particles after screening are sent to the anti-caking treatment equipment for anti-caking treatment. Finally, the treated particles are measured and packaged.
[0067] Wherein, the stirrer is a horizontal stirrer, and the stirring rate is 50-200 rpm.
[0068] The coating liquid concentration of the coating treatment can be controlled at 3%-4%, and the drying temperature is maintained at 110-120°C.
[0069] After accurately measuring the various raw materials according to the recipe ratio, they are fed into a horizontal mixer. The mixer stirs at a speed of 50-200 rpm, ensuring thorough contact and mixing of the various raw materials and even distribution of the ingredients. The mixed raw materials are then fed into a heater and heated at 50-80°C for 10-30 minutes. Constant stirring during the heating process ensures that the raw materials fully absorb the heat, dissolving or softening any insoluble ingredients, preparing them for the subsequent granulation process.
[0070] The heated material enters the granulator, which operates at 58-60 rpm. Inside the granulator, the material is subjected to forces such as extrusion and shearing, resulting in small, spherical particles. This granulation method allows the material to be tightly bound together, forming particles with a certain strength and shape, which facilitates subsequent processing such as coating and drying.
[0071] The finished granules are fed into a coating machine, where polyvinyl alcohol or polyacrylate is used as the coating material. The coating liquid concentration is controlled at 3%-4%. During the coating process, the coating material evenly coats the surface of the granules, forming a protective film. This protective film acts as an isolation layer, preventing direct contact between the fertilizer granules and the external environment, thereby reducing problems such as deliquescence and caking.
[0072] The coated granules enter a dryer and are dried at 60-100°C for 30-120 minutes to remove excess moisture. The dried granules then enter a screening machine, where the particle size is set at 2-3 mm. Screening removes unqualified large and small particles, ensuring uniform granule size that meets product quality requirements.
[0073] After screening, qualified particles enter the anti-caking treatment equipment for anti-caking treatment to further enhance the dispersion of fertilizer particles. Finally, the treated particles are measured and packaged, completing the entire production process.
[0074] Through precise metering, thorough mixing, and heating to dissolve or soften the fertilizer, the various nutrients in the fertilizer are evenly distributed, improving its nutrient content and stability. The granulation process forms the fertilizer into regular, small, spherical particles, making them easier to store, transport, and apply. The protective coating formed by the coating effectively prevents the fertilizer particles from coming into contact with moisture in the air, reducing deliquescence and clumping, extending the fertilizer's shelf life, and ensuring its quality and effectiveness upon application.
[0075] The uniform particle size and good dispersibility enable the fertilizer to be more evenly distributed in the soil during application, which is beneficial to the absorption of nutrients by the apple tree roots and improves the utilization rate of the fertilizer, thereby better promoting the growth and development of apple trees and improving the quality and yield of apples.
[0076] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "upper" and "lower" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on this application. Unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be internal communication between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.
[0077] It should be noted that, in this application, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises", "includes" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the sentence "comprises a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device comprising the element.
[0078] The foregoing is merely a list of specific embodiments of the present application, intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand or implement the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application is not limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is intended to conform to the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features of the present application.
Claims
1. A water-soluble fertilizer for improving apple quality, characterized in that The raw material components are as follows by weight: 30-40 parts of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, 15-25 parts of magnesium nitrate hexahydrate, 30-40 parts of beet molasses, 0.4-1 part of sodium octaborate, 0.4-1 part of zinc nitrate hexahydrate, 0.1-0.3 part of vitamin B2, 1-2 parts of monosodium glutamate, 2-3 parts of yeast extract, 1-2 parts of sodium dioctyl sulfonate maleate, 1-3 parts of seaweed extract, 0.5-1 part of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 0.3-0.6 parts of urease inhibitor, and 0.3-0.6 parts of nitrification inhibitor; The above raw materials are all commercially available products, including: The calcium nitrate tetrahydrate is white crystalline particles, easily soluble in water, with a nitrogen content of 11.8%-15.8% and a calcium content of 23.4%-31.2%; The magnesium nitrate hexahydrate is a colorless crystal, easily soluble in water, with a nitrogen content of 9.2%-15.3% and a magnesium content of 10.7%-17.8%; The sodium octaborate is a white crystalline powder, wherein the boron content is 20.8% to 21.7%. The zinc nitrate hexahydrate is a colorless tetragonal crystal, easily soluble in water, with a nitrogen content of about 13.8%-34.5% and a zinc content of about 8.79%-21.9%.
2. The apple quality-enhancing synergistic water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seaweed extract is chitosan, which is an off-white powder.
3. The apple quality-enhancing synergistic water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that The raw material components by weight are as follows: 35-40 parts of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, 20-25 parts of magnesium nitrate hexahydrate, 35-40 parts of beet molasses, 0.9-1 part of sodium octaborate, 0.8-1 part of zinc nitrate hexahydrate, 0.2-0.3 part of vitamin B2, 1.5-2 parts of monosodium glutamate, 2.5-3 parts of yeast extract, 1.5-2 parts of sodium dioctyl sulfonate maleate, 2-3 parts of seaweed extract, 0.8-1 part of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 0.4-0.6 part of urease inhibitor, and 0.35-0.6 part of nitrification inhibitor.
4. The apple quality-enhancing synergistic water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that The raw material components by weight are as follows: 35 parts of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, 20 parts of magnesium nitrate hexahydrate, 35 parts of beet molasses, 0.7 parts of sodium octaborate, 0.7 parts of zinc nitrate hexahydrate, 0.2 parts of vitamin B2, 1.5 parts of monosodium glutamate, 2.5 parts of yeast extract, 1.5 parts of sodium diisooctyl sulfonate maleate, 3 parts of seaweed extract, 0.7 parts of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 0.4 parts of urease inhibitor, and 0.4 parts of nitrification inhibitor.
5. The method for producing an apple quality-enhancing synergistic water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 1, based on the apple quality-enhancing synergistic water-soluble fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The process steps include: (1) After accurately measuring the raw materials according to the formula ratio, send them into the blender and mix them thoroughly. Then send the mixed raw materials into the heater and heat them at 50-80℃ for 10-30 minutes to fully dissolve or soften the raw materials. Stir constantly during the heating process to ensure that the materials are heated evenly. (2) The heated material is fed into a granulator with the speed controlled at 58-60 rpm. The material is made into small spherical particles through the extrusion and shearing effects of the granulator; (3) The prepared particles are sent to a coating machine for coating. The coating material is polyvinyl alcohol or polyacrylate. During the coating process, the coating material is evenly wrapped on the surface of the particles to form a protective film. (4) The coated particles are sent to the dryer for drying. The drying time is 30-120 minutes and the drying temperature is 60-100°C to remove excess moisture. The dried particles are sent to the screening machine for screening. The particle size of the fertilizer particles is set at 2-3 mm to remove unqualified large and small particles. (5) The qualified particles after screening are sent to the anti-caking treatment equipment for anti-caking treatment. Finally, the treated particles are measured and packaged.
6. The method for producing an apple quality-enhancing synergistic water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 5, wherein: The stirrer is a horizontal stirrer with a stirring rate of 50-200 rpm.
7. The method for producing an apple quality-enhancing synergistic water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 5, wherein: The coating liquid concentration of the coating treatment can be controlled at 3%-4%, and the drying temperature is maintained at 110-120°C.