Model test device for offshore photovoltaic pile foundation

Abstract

The invention provides a model test device for an offshore photovoltaic pile foundation, which comprises a test water tank system, a load loading system, a data acquisition system, a central control system and a test pile foundation, and is characterized in that the test water tank system comprises a test water tank with a predetermined volume; a wind load loading system, a water flow load loading control system and a wave load loading system are arranged around the test water tank system; a plurality of groups of environmental data acquisition systems are arranged in the test water tank system; a plurality of test piles are arranged in the middle of the test water tank system, and test data acquisition systems are arranged on the test piles. According to the invention, real-time monitoring and adjustment of the marine photovoltaic pile foundation load working condition can be realized under the condition of better simulating different marine environments and marine load working conditions, the influence of the boundary effect of the model test device on the wave load is eliminated, and meanwhile, real-time and accurate acquisition of test pile foundation load parameters is realized; and a solid foundation is laid for obtaining related load calculation parameters and optimizing the cost of an offshore photovoltaic pile foundation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a model test device for an offshore photovoltaic pile foundation, which is suitable for the offshore photovoltaic field. Background Art

[0002] Offshore photovoltaics (PV) refers to photovoltaic power stations built in the ocean, converting solar energy at sea into electricity. Because offshore PV sites are built offshore, their foundations, unlike those for onshore PV, must account for loads caused by waves and currents, in addition to wind and snow loads.

[0003] At present, there is no sound standard system for the calculation of wave and current loads on offshore photovoltaic foundations. When referring to other standard systems for structural design, the design system is relatively conservative. At the same time, offshore photovoltaics are more sensitive to construction costs at this stage. Therefore, model tests are needed to obtain parameters suitable for the calculation of offshore photovoltaic wave and current loads, so as to ensure the safety and reliability of the offshore photovoltaic project structure while reducing the project cost.

[0004] Although the existing offshore photovoltaic foundation model test device can simulate the tide level, wave height, water flow velocity, wind and other parameters of the sea area where the offshore photovoltaic foundation is located, it has the following problems:

[0005] (1) Lack of verification and feedback system. Although most existing model test devices can set test parameters such as tide level, wave height, water flow velocity, and wind speed according to the test setting requirements, most test devices lack real-time feedback and verification systems for test parameters;

[0006] (2) Insufficient test accuracy. Due to the limited size of the model test device, after the wave load is applied to the water tank model, it is affected by the water tank boundary effect and is prone to reflection, which affects the test device and cannot achieve the pre-set test parameters such as wave height and water flow velocity, affecting the accuracy of the test;

[0007] (3) The existing model test equipment cannot arbitrarily control the wind speed, wind direction, etc. of the wind load.

[0008] (4) The existing model test equipment cannot simulate the sea conditions of rising and falling tides and extreme tide levels well. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a model test device for offshore photovoltaic pile foundations to overcome the problems existing in existing model test devices, such as the inability to calibrate test parameters, limited test accuracy, insufficient wind load control, and imperfect sea condition simulation.

[0010] To this end, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0011] A model test device for offshore photovoltaic pile foundations, comprising a test water tank system, a load loading system, a data acquisition system, a central control system and a test pile foundation; the test water tank system includes a test water tank with a predetermined volume, suitable for accommodating a water body of a volume that meets test requirements; the load loading system includes a wind load loading system, a water flow load loading control system and a wave load loading system; the test water tank system and the load loading system work together to simulate the marine environment in which the offshore photovoltaic pile foundation is located; the data acquisition system includes an environmental load data acquisition system and a test data acquisition system, which are respectively used to collect environmental load parameters within the test water tank system and load data of the test pile body in real time; the central control system is used to set load parameters and realize real-time display and adjustment of the load parameters in the test water tank system; multiple test pile foundations are installed inside the test water tank system.

[0012] Furthermore, the wind load loading system consists of a fan that can provide uniform wind speed, a rotating shaft, a base, rollers and slide rails; the fan is used to apply wind load to the test pile foundation according to the wind load requirements of the test pile foundation and the test conditions; the rotating shaft is used to adjust the direction of wind load application; the rollers and slide rails are used to adjust the position of wind load application.

[0013] Furthermore, the water flow load loading control system includes a water outlet device, a return device, a connecting water pipe, a flow rate control power device, and a spare water tank; the flow rate control power device, the water outlet device, the test water tank system, the return device and the spare water tank are connected in series through the connecting water pipe to form a water circulation loop; the water outlet device and the return device are arranged on opposite sides of the test water tank system, and are arranged at preset intervals along the length direction of the water tank.

[0014] Furthermore, the wave load loading system includes a wave-making device and a wave-breaking device, which are composed of a wave-making plate and a servo driver, a servo motor, and an encoder, and are communicably connected to the central control system. The wave-making principle is as follows: during the wave-making test, the central control system calculates the wave signal in front of the target wave according to the input wave-making parameters, and converts it into data equivalent to the movement speed and position of the wave-making plate according to a preset algorithm, and inputs it into a D / A converter. The D / A converter converts the digital signal into an analog voltage signal required by the servo driver, and the servo driver outputs a pulse signal to control the speed and rotation angle of the servo motor, and drives the linear motion unit through the ball screw pair to drive the wave-pushing plate in the water according to the predetermined movement. Regular movement, thereby achieving the desired wave; the servo driver directly samples the feedback signal of the motor encoder, and internally forms a speed closed-loop control to improve the control accuracy and stability of the movement speed, and avoid the motor losing steps; at the same time, the control acquisition card receives the feedback signal of the motor encoder, tracks the movement position of the wave-making plate in real time, and externally forms a position closed loop to improve the positioning accuracy of the wave-pushing plate; the wave element acquisition system is used to collect the wave signal in front of the wave-making plate in real time, and input it into the central control system for comparison with the target wave to extract or separate the reflected wave signal, and the signal is added to the control signal in an anti-phase form, so that the movement of the wave-making plate adds a displacement movement that can eliminate the secondary reflected wave, realizing the wave-making function that can absorb the secondary reflected wave.

[0015] Furthermore, the environmental load collection system includes a wind speed collection system, a water flow velocity collection system and a wave element collection system; the wind speed collection system is used to collect wind speed and wind direction information on the upper part of the test water tank system in real time; the water flow velocity collection system is used to collect water flow velocity information inside the test water tank system in real time; the wave element collection system is used to collect wave height, wave period and wave wavelength information inside the test water tank system in real time; the environmental load collection system is divided into multiple groups and is used to collect marine environmental load information at different positions inside the test water tank system.

[0016] Furthermore, the test data acquisition system includes a pile bearing capacity acquisition system for acquiring pile displacement, axial force, shear force and bending moment data.

[0017] Furthermore, the central control system can set the geometric scale of the model design to 1:20 according to the set marine environment scale, in accordance with the "Technical Specifications for Simulation Tests of Water Transport Engineering" and in combination with the wave-making capabilities of the test water tank and wave-making device and the wind-making capabilities of the wind load loading system, and accordingly set the basic parameters of wind load, water flow load and wave load;

[0018] The central control system is also communicably connected to the load loading system, and can adjust the water level changes in the test water tank by controlling the flow of the water load loading control system to simulate the marine environmental conditions in which the offshore photovoltaic pile foundation is located;

[0019] The central control system is also communicably connected to the load acquisition system, and can receive and display the load collected by the load acquisition system within the test flume system in real time, and adjust the load parameters according to the test requirements;

[0020] The central control system is also communicably connected to the test data acquisition system, and can receive, display and record the displacement, axial force, shear force and bending moment data of the test pile foundation.

[0021] Furthermore, the test pile foundation is a model pile of an engineering pile manufactured according to a preset scale ratio.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] The present invention proposes a model test device for offshore photovoltaic pile foundations, which can better simulate the load conditions such as waves, currents, wind, etc. that offshore photovoltaic pile foundations are subjected to in the marine environment, as well as extreme water levels and high and low tides. It realizes real-time monitoring and adjustment of the load conditions of offshore photovoltaic pile foundations, eliminates the influence of wave loads on the boundary effects of the model test device itself, and realizes real-time and accurate collection of test pile foundation load parameters, thereby improving the accuracy of the model test and laying a solid foundation for the acquisition of relevant load calculation parameters and cost optimization of offshore photovoltaic pile foundations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 This is a plan view of the model test device for offshore photovoltaic pile foundations according to the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a control system diagram of a model test device for offshore photovoltaic pile foundations according to the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the wind load loading system of the present invention;

[0027] The marks in the accompanying drawings are: 1-test water tank system, 2-load loading system, 21-wind load loading system, 211-fan, 212-rotating shaft, 213-base, 214-roller, 215-slide rail, 22-water flow load loading control system, 221-water outlet device, 222-backflow device, 223-connecting water pipe, 224-flow rate control power device, 225-spare water tank, 23-wave load loading system, 3-data acquisition system, 31-environmental load data acquisition system, 311-wind data acquisition system, 312-wave data acquisition system, 313-water flow data acquisition system, 32-test data acquisition system, 4-central control system, 5-test pile foundation. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, but they are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0029] This embodiment provides an offshore photovoltaic power plant. The maximum wind speed at the project site is 40 m / s, the average vertical flow velocity is 1.5 m / s, the water depth in the photovoltaic field area is 3-5 m, the wave height with a return period of 50 years is 3.5 m, the maximum wave direction is NE, the wave period is 6.5 s, and steel pipe piles with a diameter of 1000 mm and a wall thickness of 10 mm are used. The scale ratio is 50.

[0030] like Figure 1-3 As shown, a model test device for offshore photovoltaic pile foundations includes five parts: a test water tank system 1, a load loading system 2, a data acquisition system 3, a central control system 4, and a test pile foundation 5. The test water tank system includes a large-sized test water tank with a predetermined volume. Taking this embodiment as an example, the size is 54.0m×13.2m×1.0m, which is suitable for accommodating a large amount of water that can meet the volume required for the test; 5 groups of wind load loading systems 21 and 9 groups of wave load loading systems 23 are set on the adjacent two sides of the test water tank system 1 to simulate wind and waves in different directions, and a group of water flow load loading control systems 22 are set on the opposite sides of the test water tank system 1. The wind load loading system 21 and the water flow load loading control system 22 and the wave load loading system 23 together constitute the load loading system 2, which is used to simulate the marine environment of offshore photovoltaics; several groups of environmental data acquisition systems 31 are set up in the test water tank system 1 to collect the load data inside the test water tank system 1; several test piles 5 are installed in the middle of the test water tank system 1, and a test data acquisition system 32 is set on the test pile 5 to collect the load data of the pile body of the test pile foundation 5; the environmental load data acquisition system 31 and the test data acquisition system 32 together constitute the data acquisition system 3.

[0031] like Figure 1-3As shown in the figure, the wind load loading system 21 is composed of a fan 211, a rotating shaft 212, a base 213, a roller 214 and a slide rail 215; the fan 211 can provide different levels of uniform wind speed for the model test, the fan 211 is installed on the rotating shaft 212, and the direction of the wind load can be controlled through the rotating shaft 212; the lower part of the rotating shaft 212 is provided with the base 213, the lower part of the base 213 is installed with the roller 214, and the lower part of the roller 214 is provided with the slide rail 215, so that the position of the wind load application can be controlled.

[0032] As shown in the figure, Figure 1 the water flow load loading control system 22 is composed of a water outlet device 221, a backflow device 222, a connecting water pipe 223, a flow speed control power device 224 and a standby water tank 225; the water flow load loading control system 22 can control the flow speed of the water flow by changing the power of the flow speed control power device 224; the flow speed control power device 224, the water outlet device 221, the test water tank system 1, the backflow device 222 and the standby water tank 225 are connected in series through the connecting water pipe 223 to form a water circulation loop, which ensures the circulation use of the test water and reduces the waste of water resources in the test process.

[0033] As shown in the figure, Figure 1-2 10 groups of water outlet devices 221 and backflow devices 222 are arranged at a preset interval along the length direction of the water tank on both sides of the test water tank system 1, which can provide uniform and stable water flow speed for the test water tank system 1; the flow of the water outlet device 221 and the backflow device 222 and the water storage capacity of the standby water tank 225 remain unchanged, which can simulate normal water level, extreme water level and other sea conditions; increasing the flow of the water outlet device 221 and reducing the flow of the backflow device 222, while the standby water tank 225 starts to discharge water, can simulate the rising tide sea condition of the offshore photovoltaic field area; reducing the flow of the water outlet device 221 and increasing the flow of the backflow device 222, while the standby water tank 225 starts to store water, can simulate the falling tide sea condition of the offshore photovoltaic field area.

[0034] As shown in the figure, Figure 1-2 the wave load loading system 23 includes a wave making device 231 and a wave absorbing device 232, which are composed of a wave making plate, a servo driver, a servo motor and an encoder. The wave making device 231 is arranged on the water tank wall on both sides of the test water tank system 1, and the central control system 4 sends different wave simulation control signals to it, so as to simulate waves of different directions, wave heights and periods; the wave absorbing device 232 is arranged on the peripheral wall around the test water tank system 1, which can absorb the waves around the test water tank system 1 to avoid the interference of the reflected waves of the peripheral wall on the test results of the test pile foundation 5.

[0035] As shown in the figure, Figure 1-2As shown, the environmental load collection system 31 includes a wind speed collection system 311, a water flow velocity collection system 312, and a wave element collection system 313. The environmental load collection system 31 is arranged in multiple groups and can collect environmental load information at different locations within the test flume system 1. The wind speed collection system 311 can collect real-time information such as wind speed and direction above the test flume system 1; the water flow velocity collection system 312 can collect real-time information such as water flow velocity within the test flume system 1; and the wave element collection system 313 can collect real-time information such as wave height, wave period, and wave wavelength within the flume system 1.

[0036] like Figure 1-2 As shown, the test data acquisition system 32 is a pile bearing capacity acquisition system that can collect data such as pile displacement, axial force, shear force and bending moment.

[0037] The central control system is communicatively connected to the load application system, load collection system, and test data collection system. The central control system can set the basic parameters of wind load, current load, and wave load based on the marine environment through scale conversion results. It can control high and low tides, normal water levels, and extreme tide conditions by controlling the flow rates of the water outlet device 211 and the return flow device 212. Simultaneously, the central control system 1 can receive and display in real time the loads collected by the load collection system 31 within the test flume system 1 and modify the load parameters of the load system 2 according to test requirements. The central control system 1 can also receive, display, and record data such as pile displacement, axial force, shear force, and bending moment.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, the test pile foundation 5 is an engineering pile which is a model pile obtained by a certain scale ratio.

[0039] The above embodiment is only a preferred technical solution of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions or parameters in the embodiment can be modified or replaced without departing from the principle and essence of the present invention, and all should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A model test device for offshore photovoltaic pile foundation, characterized in that: It includes a test water tank system, a load loading system, a data acquisition system, a central control system and a test pile foundation; the test water tank system includes a test water tank with a predetermined volume, which is suitable for accommodating a water body with a volume that meets the test requirements; the load loading system includes a wind load loading system, a water flow load loading control system and a wave load loading system; the data acquisition system includes an environmental load data acquisition system and a test data acquisition system, which are respectively used to collect environmental load parameters within the test water tank system and load data of the test pile body in real time; the central control system is used to set load parameters and realize real-time display and adjustment of load parameters in the test water tank system; multiple test pile foundations are installed inside the test water tank system.

2. The model test device for offshore photovoltaic pile foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wind load loading system consists of a fan that can provide uniform wind speed, a rotating shaft, a base, rollers and slide rails; the fan is used to apply wind load to the test pile foundation according to the wind load requirements of the test pile foundation and the test conditions; the rotating shaft is used to adjust the direction of wind load application; the rollers and slide rails are used to adjust the position of wind load application.

3. The model test device for offshore photovoltaic pile foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water flow load loading control system includes a water outlet device, a return device, a connecting water pipe, a flow rate control power device, and a spare water tank; the flow rate control power device, the water outlet device, the test water tank system, the return device and the spare water tank are connected in series through the connecting water pipe to form a water circulation loop; the water outlet device and the return device are arranged on opposite sides of the test water tank system, and are arranged at preset intervals along the length of the water tank.

4. The model test device for offshore photovoltaic pile foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wave load loading system includes a wave-generating device and a wave-absorbing device. The wave-generating device is arranged on the water tank walls on opposite sides of the test water tank system; the wave-absorbing device is arranged on each water tank wall of the test water tank system to absorb waves reflected by the water tank walls and reduce the interference of the reflected waves on the test pile foundation.

5. The model test device for offshore photovoltaic pile foundation according to claim 4, characterized in that: The wave-making device and the wave-breaking device are composed of a wave-making plate, a servo driver, a servo motor and an encoder.

6. The model test device for offshore photovoltaic pile foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The environmental load collection system includes a wind speed collection system, a water flow velocity collection system and a wave element collection system; wherein, the wind speed collection system is used to collect wind speed and wind direction information on the upper part of the test water tank system in real time; the water flow velocity collection system is used to collect water flow velocity information inside the test water tank system in real time; the wave element collection system is used to collect wave height, wave period and wave wavelength information inside the test water tank system in real time; the environmental load collection system is divided into multiple groups and is used to collect marine environmental load information located at different positions inside the test water tank system.

7. The model test device for offshore photovoltaic pile foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test data acquisition system includes a pile bearing capacity acquisition system for acquiring pile displacement, axial force, shear force and bending moment data.

8. The model test device for offshore photovoltaic pile foundation according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The central control system can set the geometric scale of the model design to 1:20 according to the set marine environment scale ratio, in accordance with the "Technical Specifications for Simulation Tests of Water Transport Engineering" and in combination with the wave-making capabilities of the test water tank, the wave-making device, and the wind-making capabilities of the wind load loading system, and accordingly set the basic parameters of the wind load, water flow load, and wave load; The central control system is also communicably connected to the load loading system, and can adjust the water level changes in the test water tank by controlling the flow of the water load loading control system to simulate the marine environmental conditions in which the offshore photovoltaic pile foundation is located; The central control system is also communicably connected to the load acquisition system, and can receive and display the load collected by the load acquisition system within the test flume system in real time, and adjust the load parameters according to the test requirements; The central control system is also communicably connected to the test data acquisition system, and can receive, display and record the displacement, axial force, shear force and bending moment data of the test pile foundation.

9. The model test device for offshore photovoltaic pile foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test pile foundation is a model pile of an engineering pile manufactured according to a preset scale ratio.

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