Steel sleeve lowering control system and method for karst cave cast-in-place pile

Abstract

The invention discloses a steel sleeve lowering control system and method for a karst cave cast-in-place pile, and the system comprises a steel sleeve matched with the size of a karst cave, and a rebound device fixed to the inner wall of the steel sleeve. The steel plate is fixed to the rebound device, the fixed claw hook is arranged on the steel plate, the steel plate temporary supporting device and the steel plate locking device are arranged between the steel plate and the inner wall of the steel sleeve, and the automatic lowering unit is used for lowering the steel sleeve. A claw hook extending hole is formed in the side wall of the steel sleeve; a winch of the automatic lowering unit is connected with a control device, lowering speed and strength are automatically adjusted according to instructions of the control device, and it is ensured that the steel sleeve can be stably lowered to a preset position. The locking state of an electronic remote control lock of the steel plate temporary supporting device is controlled through the control device, temporary supporting or automatic rebounding of the steel plate in the steel sleeve is achieved, and then the fixed claw hook is controlled to retract into the steel sleeve or stretch out of the steel sleeve. Concrete is effectively prevented from flowing into the karst cave, and the safety and reliability of construction are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of lowering sleeves for bored piles, and more particularly, relates to a control system and method for lowering steel sleeves for cave bored piles. Background Art

[0002] In Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan and other regions, underground caves are often formed, which have a great negative impact on construction. Especially during the construction of bored piles, problems such as leakage, broken piles, and cave collapse often occur due to the existence of underground caves.

[0003] Existing technologies for cave cast-in-place pile construction have numerous drawbacks: First, grouting with cement slurry, concrete, or other waste residues is used to fill the caves. However, due to the irregular shape of the caves and the loose filling, concrete can still flow into the caves through the gaps in the filler, resulting in concrete waste. Furthermore, the weak pore walls formed by the filler also result in limited effectiveness. Second, curtain-style cave cast-in-place pile construction uses elastic mesh to address the problem of concrete loss from the caves during cast-in-place pile construction. However, the elastic mesh is made of ordinary material and is easily corroded by concrete, affecting construction quality. Third, a pile construction system consisting of long and short casings is used. While this solves the problem of significant damage to the cave environment during cave treatment, the overall casing is too long, wasting material. Fourth, a casing device made of stacked and anchored waste tires is used. While this solves the problem of concrete loss and corrosion during cast-in-place pile construction, the relatively fixed diameter of the waste tires makes the overall device less versatile and difficult to adapt to the construction needs of cast-in-place piles of different sizes.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a steel sleeve lowering control device for cave cast-in-place piles that can accurately locate the cave position and adapt to different cave sizes, so as to improve construction efficiency, reduce costs and ensure construction safety. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In response to the above-mentioned deficiencies or improvement needs of the existing technology, the present invention provides a control system and method for lowering steel sleeves for cave cast-in-place piles. By precisely locating the cave and customizing steel sleeves of appropriate size, the length of the steel sleeves used is significantly reduced, thereby reducing material consumption and construction costs. Furthermore, the coordinated control of a control device, an electronic remote lock, a rebound device, and a steel plate locking device enables precise extension and retraction of the fixed claw hook, effectively preventing concrete from flowing into the cave and improving construction safety and reliability. Furthermore, the system is equipped with a depth sensor that can monitor the lowering depth in real time, ensuring that the steel sleeve accurately covers the cave. This enhances construction accuracy and applicability, making it particularly suitable for deep underground construction and greatly broadening its scope of application. The entire system is easy to operate and improves construction efficiency.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned object, one aspect of the present invention provides a control system for lowering a steel sleeve for a karst cave cast-in-place pile, comprising a steel sleeve adapted to the size of the karst cave, a rebound device fixed to the inner wall of the steel sleeve, a steel plate fixed to the rebound device, a fixed claw hook provided on the steel plate, a temporary support device for the steel plate provided between the steel plate and the inner wall of the steel sleeve, an automatic lowering unit for lowering the steel sleeve, and a control device connected to the temporary support device for the steel plate and the automatic lowering unit; a side wall of the steel sleeve is provided with a claw hook extension hole;

[0007] The rebound device is arranged on the inner wall of the steel sleeve below the hole where the claw hook extends out, and includes a bolt, a first nut arranged at both ends of the bolt, a first spring sleeved on the middle of the bolt, and second nuts arranged at both ends of the first spring; the two first nuts are fixed to the inner wall of the steel sleeve; the steel plate is fixed to any one of the second nuts; the temporary support device of the steel plate includes a second spring, a supporting steel pipe connected to the second spring, and an electronic remote control lock arranged on the steel plate; the automatic lowering unit includes a support frame arranged on the ground at the top of the borehole, a winch arranged at the top of the support frame, a pulley group arranged on the side of the support frame, a wire rope arranged on the winch and a hook arranged at the end of the wire rope; the winch is connected to the control device, and automatically adjusts the lowering speed and force according to the instructions of the control device to ensure that the steel sleeve can be smoothly lowered to the predetermined position; the control device controls the locking state of the electronic remote control lock to realize temporary support or automatic rebound of the steel plate inside the steel sleeve, and thereby controls the fixed claw hook to be retracted into the steel sleeve or extended out of the steel sleeve.

[0008] Furthermore, the steel plate is locked with the supporting steel pipe through the electronic remote control lock on the temporary support device of the steel plate. When the steel plate is temporarily supported, it is arranged at an angle to the inner wall of the steel sleeve; when the electronic remote control lock releases the lock on the supporting steel pipe, the steel plate quickly moves to a vertical state under the rebound action of the rebound device.

[0009] Furthermore, the first spring is arranged horizontally, and the second spring is arranged perpendicular to the inner wall of the steel sleeve;

[0010] The distance between the top of the first spring and the bottom of the second spring is greater than the height of the steel plate in a vertical state.

[0011] Furthermore, the rebound device is provided on the inner wall of the steel sleeve below the hole through which the claw hook extends;

[0012] The two first nuts are fixed to the inner wall of the steel sleeve below the hole where the claw hook extends out;

[0013] The second nut is arranged between the first nut and the first spring.

[0014] Furthermore, a second spring is provided on the inner wall of the steel sleeve above the hole through which the claw hook extends;

[0015] The electronic remote control lock is arranged on the end of the steel plate away from the rebound device.

[0016] Furthermore, a steel plate locking device is provided between the steel plate and the inner wall of the steel sleeve;

[0017] The steel plate locking device is an electronic lock, comprising a lock tongue provided on the steel plate and a lock catch provided on the inner wall of the steel sleeve, the position and number of which are matched with the lock tongue; the lock tongue is provided with a driving mechanism, which is connected to the control device via a cable;

[0018] When locking is required, the control device sends a signal to the electronic lock, and the electromagnetic lock is energized to generate a magnetic field, which attracts the lock tongue. The electric lock drives the lock tongue to move through the motor. The lock tongue moves under the action of the driving mechanism and inserts into the lock hole of the lock buckle to achieve locking.

[0019] When unlocking is required, the control device sends a signal to the electronic lock, the electromagnetic lock is powered off, and the magnetic field disappears; the electric lock drives the lock tongue in reverse through the motor; the lock tongue exits the lock hole of the lock buckle under the action of the return spring or the reverse drive of the motor, thereby achieving unlocking.

[0020] Furthermore, two lock tongues are provided on the steel plate and are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the electronic remote control lock.

[0021] Furthermore, the steel sleeve is provided with a reserved hole adapted to the hook; the hook is provided with a depth sensor; one end of the wire rope is fixed to the support frame, and the other end passes around the pulley group and is fixed through the hook and the reserved hole on the steel sleeve.

[0022] Furthermore, the control device includes a central processing unit, an input module, an output module, a communication module, a user interface, a logic control unit, a power module and a storage module;

[0023] The central processing unit automatically adjusts the lowering speed and force of the winch according to the feedback signals from the depth sensor and the electronic remote control lock to ensure that the steel sleeve can be lowered smoothly to the predetermined position;

[0024] The input module monitors the lowering depth of the steel sleeve in real time and transmits the data to the central processor; the electronic remote control lock receives instructions from the central processor to control the locking and unlocking status of the supporting steel pipe;

[0025] The output module includes a winch control unit, which is used to control the start, stop, speed adjustment and other operations of the winch according to the instructions of the central processing unit; an electronic lock control unit, which is used to control the locking and unlocking operations of the electronic remote control lock and the locking and unlocking operations of the steel plate locking device according to the instructions of the central processing unit; and an alarm device, which sends an alarm signal when the system detects an abnormal situation to remind the operator to take measures.

[0026] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for controlling the lowering of a steel sleeve for a karst cave cast-in-place pile, which uses the aforementioned steel sleeve lowering control system for a karst cave cast-in-place pile, comprising the following steps:

[0027] S1: Determine the location and size of the cave:

[0028] S2: manufacturing a steel sleeve with a suitable size according to the location and size of the cave;

[0029] S3: A claw hook extension hole is opened on the side wall of the steel sleeve, which is compatible with the expanded size of the fixed claw hook;

[0030] S4: Install a rebound device, a steel plate, a steel plate temporary support device, and a steel plate locking device inside the steel sleeve; temporarily support the steel plate through the steel plate temporary support device so that the fixing claws are hooked inside the steel sleeve;

[0031] S5: An automatic lowering unit for hanging a steel sleeve is set up at the hole mouth of the pile hole. The hook of the automatic lowering unit is fixed to the reserved hole on the steel sleeve. The steel sleeve is rotated so that the hook extends out of the hole and avoids the direction of the cave.

[0032] S6: Start the winch to lower the steel sleeve. When it reaches the predetermined depth, the depth sensor on the hook sends a lowering position signal to the control device and the electronic remote control lock respectively. The control device controls the winch to stop working and controls the electronic remote control lock to automatically release the lock on the supporting steel pipe, so that the steel plate moves toward the side wall of the steel sleeve on the side where the claw hook extends out of the hole under the rebound action of the rebound device. After the steel plate moves into position, the control device controls the lock tongue on the steel plate to lock and fix it with the lock buckle on the side wall of the steel sleeve, and then controls the fixed claw hook to extend out of the steel sleeve and fix it to the hole wall, thereby fixing the steel sleeve in the cave position.

[0033] S7: Pour the bored pile concrete; after ensuring that the concrete has initially solidified, lower the bored pile into the cave using a steel sleeve and control the system for retraction.

[0034] In general, the above technical solutions conceived by the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0035] (1) The control system and method for lowering the steel sleeve for the cave cast-in-place pile of the present invention, in terms of construction efficiency, can quickly and accurately lower the steel sleeve to the predetermined position by accurately measuring the position and size of the cave and making a steel sleeve that matches it, thus avoiding multiple adjustments or re-construction due to size discrepancies, and greatly improving construction efficiency; the control system can automatically adjust the lowering speed and force of the winch according to preset programs and parameters to ensure the smooth lowering of the steel sleeve, reducing the tediousness and uncertainty of manual operation, saving time and labor costs; when the steel sleeve is lowered to the predetermined position, the lock is quickly released by the control device, so that the steel plate is quickly moved and fixed under the action of the rebound device, and the fixed claw hook is quickly extended to be fixed to the hole wall. The whole process is fast and efficient, saving time for subsequent construction links such as concrete pouring.

[0036] (2) The control system and method for lowering the steel sleeve for cast-in-place piles in the present invention, in terms of cost control, is different from the prior art which uses long casings or casing devices made of stacked and anchored waste tires. The steel sleeve of the present application can be customized according to the actual size of the cave, thereby avoiding excessive use of materials and reducing material costs. By precisely controlling the lowering and fixing of the steel sleeve, the waste caused by concrete flowing into the cave from the gaps in the filler is effectively avoided, thereby improving the utilization rate of materials and reducing construction costs.

[0037] (3) The control system and method for lowering the steel sleeve for karst cave bored piles of the present invention, in terms of construction quality, ensures the stability and firmness of the steel plate and the fixed claw hook through the coordinated action of the rebound device, the steel plate temporary support device and the steel plate locking device, so that the steel sleeve can be reliably fixed in the karst cave position, providing stable support for the construction of bored piles and improving the construction quality; compared with the elastic mesh cloth made of ordinary materials used in the prior art, the steel sleeve has better corrosion resistance and is not easily corroded by concrete, which can effectively ensure the construction quality and extend the service life of bored piles; compared with the method of using curtain-type elastic mesh cloth or long casing for karst cave bored pile construction, the steel sleeve lowering control system of the present application causes less damage to the karst cave environment, can better protect the natural structure of the underground karst cave, and is also beneficial to the construction quality of bored piles;

[0038] (4) The control system and method for lowering the steel sleeve for cave cast-in-place piles of the present invention, in terms of construction safety, effectively avoids the construction risks caused by cave collapse, slurry leakage, broken piles and other problems by accurately controlling the lowering and fixing of the steel sleeve, thereby ensuring the safety of construction personnel and the smooth progress of the construction process; the depth sensor and alarm device in the control system can monitor the lowering depth of the steel sleeve and the system operation status in real time, detect abnormal conditions in time and issue an alarm, reminding the operator to take measures, thereby further improving the safety of construction; during the lowering process of the steel sleeve, the steel plate temporary support device provides temporary support for the steel plate, ensuring that the fixed claw hook will not interfere with the hole wall during the lowering process, avoiding equipment damage and construction accidents caused by the claw hook colliding with the hole wall, and improving the safety and reliability of construction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 This is a schematic top view of a control system for lowering a steel sleeve for a karst cave cast-in-place pile according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement structure of the steel plates and the rebound device of a steel sleeve lowering control system for a karst cave cast-in-place pile according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the construction status of a steel sleeve lowering control system for a karst cave cast-in-place pile according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 4 The present invention is a flowchart of a construction method for a steel sleeve lowering control system for a karst cave cast-in-place pile according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] In all the drawings, the same figure marks represent the same technical features, specifically: 1-steel sleeve, 2-rebound device, 21-bolt, 22-first nut, 23-first spring, 3-steel plate, 4-fixed claw hook, 5-steel plate temporary support device, 51-second spring, 52-support steel pipe, 53-electronic remote control lock, 6-steel plate locking device, 61-lock tongue, 62-lock buckle, 7-automatic lowering unit, 71-support frame, 72-winch, 73-pulley block, 74-wire rope, 75-hook, 76-depth sensor, 8-cave. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only intended to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0045] like Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, one aspect of the present invention provides a control system for lowering a steel sleeve for a karst cave cast-in-place pile, comprising a steel sleeve 1 adapted to the size of the karst cave, a rebound device 2 fixed to the inner wall of the steel sleeve 1, a steel plate 3 fixed to the rebound device 2, a fixed claw hook 4 provided on the steel plate 3, a steel plate temporary support device 5 provided between the steel plate 3 and the inner wall of the steel sleeve 1, an automatic lowering unit 7 for lowering the steel sleeve 1, and a control device connected to the automatic lowering unit 7 and the steel plate temporary support device 5; the side wall of the steel sleeve 1 is provided with a claw hook extending The rebound device 2 is provided on the inner wall of the steel sleeve below the claw hook extending out of the hole, and is used to provide a rebound force for the fixed claw hook 4; the steel plate temporary support device 5 includes a second spring 51 provided on the inner wall of the steel sleeve above the claw hook extending out of the hole, a support steel pipe 52 connected to the second spring 51, and an electronic remote control lock 53 provided on the steel plate 3; the automatic lowering unit 7 includes a support frame 71 provided on the ground at the top of the drill hole, a winch 72 provided on the top of the support frame 71, and a pulley group 73 provided on the side of the support frame 71, which is provided at The wire rope 74 on the hoist 72 and the hook 75 at the end of the wire rope 74; the steel sleeve 1 is provided with a reserved hole adapted to the hook 75; the control device automatically adjusts the lowering speed and force of the hoist according to the preset program and parameters to ensure that the steel sleeve 1 can be smoothly lowered to the predetermined position; the control device controls the locking state of the electronic remote control lock 53 to achieve temporary support of the steel plate 3 inside the steel sleeve or automatic rebound, and then controls the fixed claw hook 4 to retract into the steel sleeve or extend out of the steel sleeve; before lowering the steel sleeve 1, the present invention The control device controls the electronic remote control lock 53 on the steel plate temporary support device 5 to lock with the supporting steel pipe 52, temporarily supporting the steel plate 3 so that the fixed claw hook 4 is retracted into the steel sleeve; when the steel sleeve 1 is lowered to the predetermined position, the control device controls the electronic remote control lock 53 to release the lock on the supporting steel pipe 52, so that the steel plate 3 moves toward the side wall of the steel sleeve on the side where the claw hook extends out of the hole under the action of the rebound device 2, and at the same time, the fixed claw hook 4 extends toward the hole wall, and fixes the steel sleeve 1 to the hole wall through contact and grasping with the surrounding environment (such as soil layer, rock, etc.).

[0046] Furthermore, the steel sleeve lowering control system for karst cave cast-in-place piles of the present invention also includes a steel plate locking device 6 provided between the steel plate 3 and the inner wall of the steel sleeve 1; the steel plate locking device 6 is an electronic lock, including a lock tongue 61 provided on the steel plate 3 and a lock buckle 62 provided on the inner wall of the steel sleeve 1 and matched with the lock tongue 61 in position and number; the lock tongue 61 is provided with a driving mechanism, which is connected to the control device through a cable; when locking is required, the control device sends a signal to the electronic lock, the electromagnetic lock is energized to generate a magnetic field, and the lock tongue is attracted; the electric lock drives the lock tongue to move through the motor; the lock tongue moves under the action of the driving mechanism and is inserted into the lock hole of the lock buckle to achieve locking; when unlocking is required, the control device sends a signal to the electronic lock, and the electromagnetic lock is energized to generate a magnetic field, and the lock tongue is attracted. A signal is sent to the electronic lock, the electromagnetic lock is powered off, and the magnetic field disappears; the electric lock drives the lock tongue to move in the reverse direction of the motor; the lock tongue exits the lock hole of the lock buckle under the action of the reset spring or the reverse drive of the motor to achieve unlocking; after the steel sleeve 1 is lowered to the predetermined position, the electronic remote control lock 53 is controlled by the control device to release the lock on the supporting steel pipe 52, and then the steel plate 3 is moved toward the side wall of the steel sleeve on the side where the claw hook extends out of the hole under the action of the rebound device 2, and the steel plate locking device 6 is controlled by the control device to lock and fix the steel plate 3 to the inner wall of the steel sleeve 1; the steel plate 3 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the steel sleeve 1 through the rebound device 2, providing an installation platform for the fixed claw hook 4, the steel plate temporary support device 5 and the steel plate locking device 6.

[0047] Furthermore, the rebound device 2 includes a bolt 21, a first nut 22 provided at both ends of the bolt 21, a first spring 23 sleeved on the middle of the bolt 21, and a second nut 24 provided at both ends of the first spring 22; the second nut 24 is provided between the first nut 22 and the first spring 23; the steel plate 3 is fixed to any one of the second nuts 24; the two first nuts 22 are fixed to the inner wall of the steel sleeve below the hole where the claw hook extends; the rebound device 2 provides a rebound force for the fixed claw hook 4 so that it can automatically reset when needed; when the first spring 22 is installed on the bolt 21, the first spring 22 has a certain pre-compression amount to ensure that it can provide sufficient rebound force when needed; the first spring 22 has a certain initial tension to ensure that it can quickly release energy when the electronic remote control lock 53 is unlocked; through the electronic remote control lock 53 and When the supporting steel pipe 52 is locked and temporarily supports the steel plate 3, the second spring 51 is in a stretched state; the steel plate 3 is arranged at an angle to the inner wall of the steel sleeve 1; the first spring 22 of the rebound device 2 is in a compressed state; when the electronic remote control lock 53 releases the lock on the supporting steel pipe 52, the steel plate 3 moves toward the side wall of the steel sleeve on the side where the claw hook extends out of the hole under the rebound action of the rebound device 2, and the first spring 22 of the rebound device 2 extends to both ends, pushing the second nut 24 connected to the steel plate 3 to rotate outward, and finally making the steel plate 3 vertical, fixed by the locking tongue 61 on the steel plate 3 and the lock buckle 62 provided on the inner wall of the steel sleeve 1, and then fixing the steel plate 3 to the inner wall of the steel sleeve 1; the fixed claw hook 4 is extended toward the hole wall, and the steel sleeve 1 is fixed to the hole wall by contact and grasping with the surrounding environment (such as soil layer, rock, etc.), and then fixing the steel sleeve 1 in the cave position.

[0048] Furthermore, the electronic remote control lock 53 on the steel plate temporary support device 5 is locked with the supporting steel pipe 52, and when temporarily supporting the steel plate 3, it is arranged at an angle to the inner wall of the steel sleeve 1; when the electronic remote control lock 53 releases the lock on the supporting steel pipe 52, the steel plate 3 quickly moves to a vertical state under the rebound action of the rebound device 2; the first spring 22 is arranged horizontally, and the second spring 51 is arranged perpendicular to the inner wall of the steel sleeve 1; the distance between the top of the first spring 22 and the bottom of the second spring 51 is greater than the height of the steel plate 3 in the vertical state, ensuring that there is sufficient space during the movement of the steel plate 3; this arrangement can effectively reduce the vibration and shaking of the steel plate 3 during movement, ensuring that it moves smoothly to the predetermined position. In particular, when the electronic remote control lock 53 is released, the steel plate 3 can move quickly and smoothly to a vertical state, avoiding jamming or damage caused by vibration.

[0049] Furthermore, the steel plate temporary support device 5 is installed between the steel plate 3 and the inner wall of the steel sleeve 1, mainly used to provide temporary support for the steel plate 3 under specific circumstances; the steel plate locking device 6 is also installed between the steel plate 3 and the inner wall of the steel sleeve 1, and its function is to lock the position of the steel plate 3, thereby indirectly controlling the state of the fixed claw hook 4; the lock tongue 61 is provided with two on the steel plate 3, and is arranged symmetrically on both sides of the electronic remote control lock 53; the electronic remote control lock 53 is provided on the steel plate 3 at the end away from the rebound device 2.

[0050] Furthermore, a depth sensor 76 is provided on the hook of the automatic lowering unit 7; one end of the wire rope is fixed to the support frame 1, and the other end passes around the pulley group 73 and is fixed to the reserved hole on the steel sleeve 1 through the hook 75; the winch is connected to the control device and automatically adjusts the lowering speed and force according to the instructions of the control device; the depth sensor is installed on the hook and can monitor the lowering depth of the steel sleeve 1 in real time and transmit the data to the control device; the control device controls the start, stop and speed adjustment of the winch and automatically controls it according to the feedback signal of the depth sensor; when working, the operator starts the winch through the control device, and the motor of the winch drives the drum to rotate; when the drum rotates, the wire rope is released from the drum and guides the steel sleeve to move downward through the pulley group; the pulley group changes the direction of the wire rope, reduces the load on the winch, and ensures that the steel sleeve can be lowered smoothly; the release of the wire rope drives the steel sleeve to move downward along the drilled hole, and when the steel sleeve is lowered to the predetermined position, the depth sensor on the hook sends a lowering position signal to the control device and the electronic remote control lock 53 respectively. The control device controls the winch to stop working, and at the same time controls the electronic remote control lock 53 to automatically release the lock on the supporting steel pipe 52; at this time, the steel plate 3 moves toward the side wall of the steel sleeve on the side where the claw hook extends out of the hole under the rebound action of the rebound device 2, and is fixed to the inner wall of the steel sleeve 1 through the steel plate locking device 6; the fixed claw hook 4 extends toward the hole wall, and fixes the steel sleeve 1 to the hole wall through contact and grasping with the surrounding environment (such as soil layer, rock, etc.), and then fixes the steel sleeve 1 to the hole wall, and then fixes the steel sleeve 1 in the cave position.

[0051] Furthermore, the control device includes a central processing unit, an input module, an output module, a communication module, a user interface, a logic control unit, a power module and a storage module;

[0052] The central processing unit is responsible for processing various input signals, executing preset control programs, and outputting control instructions. Specifically, based on the feedback signals from the depth sensor and the electronic remote control lock 53, it automatically adjusts the lowering speed and force of the winch to ensure that the steel sleeve 1 can be smoothly lowered to the predetermined position.

[0053] The input module monitors the lowering depth of the steel sleeve 1 in real time and transmits the data to the central processor; the electronic remote control lock 53 receives the instructions of the central processor and controls the locking and unlocking status of the supporting steel pipe 52;

[0054] The output module includes a winch control unit, which is used to control the start, stop, speed adjustment and other operations of the winch according to the instructions of the central processor; an electronic lock control unit, which is used to control the locking and unlocking operations of the electronic remote lock 53 and the steel plate locking device 6 according to the instructions of the central processor; and an alarm device, which sends an alarm signal when the system detects an abnormal situation to remind the operator to take measures;

[0055] The communication module includes a signal transmission cable and a wireless communication module. The signal transmission cable is used to connect the control device and various mechanical components to ensure stable and reliable signal transmission. When remote control or monitoring is required, remote interaction with the operator is achieved through the wireless communication module.

[0056] The user interface includes an operation panel, which provides an interface for operators to interact with the control device, including buttons, display screens, etc., for manual control and monitoring of system status; a touch screen, which provides a more intuitive operation interface and facilitates operators to set parameters and monitor status;

[0057] The logic control unit presets different control programs according to construction requirements, such as lowering speed and locking timing. It automatically adjusts control parameters based on real-time data fed back by sensors to ensure the stability and reliability of system operation.

[0058] The power supply module includes a main power supply, which provides a stable power supply to the control device to ensure the normal operation of the system; a backup power supply, which provides emergency power when the main power fails, ensuring that the system can be safely shut down or continue to operate for a period of time;

[0059] The storage module includes a program memory, which stores control programs and operating logic to ensure that the system can run according to the preset programs; and a data memory, which stores operating data and historical records to facilitate subsequent analysis and maintenance.

[0060] like Figure 4 As shown, the present invention provides a construction method for a steel sleeve lowering control system for a karst cave cast-in-place pile, comprising the following steps:

[0061] S1: Determine the location and size of cave 8

[0062] Conduct preliminary positioning based on the measured cave location and drilling depth;

[0063] When drilling to the specific location of the cave, the mud level in the hole drops rapidly; according to the height of the mud level drop, the minimum capacity of the cave is calculated; during the drilling process, the ground mud is blocked from flowing into the hole;

[0064] Determine the approximate bottom elevation of the cave based on the measured bottom elevation and drilled rock samples;

[0065] Determine the cross-sectional dimensions of the karst cave on the side wall of the pile hole according to the approximate bottom elevation of the karst cave;

[0066] S2: manufacturing a steel sleeve with a suitable size according to the location and size of the cave;

[0067] S3: A claw hook extension hole is opened on the side wall of the steel sleeve 1, which is adapted to the unfolded size of the fixed claw hook 4;

[0068] S4: Install the rebound device 2, the steel plate 3, the steel plate temporary support device 5, and the steel plate locking device 6 inside the steel sleeve 1; temporarily support the steel plate 3 through the steel plate temporary support device 5, so that the fixed claw hook 4 is retracted inside the steel sleeve;

[0069] Specifically, it includes installing the rebound device 2: passing the bolt 21 through the reserved hole on the inner wall of the steel sleeve 1; sleeve the first spring 23 on the middle part of the bolt 21; install the first nut 22 at both ends of the bolt 21 to fix the bolt 21 on the inner wall of the steel sleeve 1; at this time, the first spring 23 is located between the two first nuts 22 to ensure that the first spring is correctly fixed; install the second nut 24 at both ends of the first spring 23 to further fix the spring on the bolt 21; during installation, adjust the pre-compression amount of the first spring 22 to ensure that it has a certain initial tension during installation; weld the steel plate 3 to a second nut 24 on the inner side of the rebound device 2 to ensure that the steel plate 3 is firmly connected to the rebound device 2; adjust the initial position of the steel plate 3 so that it is arranged at a certain angle to the inner wall of the steel sleeve 1; temporarily support the steel plate The second spring 51 of the arrangement 5 is fixed on the inner wall of the steel sleeve 1 above the hole where the claw hook extends out, and the supporting steel pipe 52 is connected to the second spring 51; the electronic remote control lock 53 is installed on the steel plate 3, and the position should be away from the end where the rebound device 2 is located; two lock tongues 61 are symmetrically installed on the steel plate 3, and the position should be located on both sides of the electronic remote control lock 53; a lock buckle 62 is installed on the inner wall of the steel sleeve 1, ensuring that the position and number of the lock buckle 62 and the lock tongue 61 match, so that the lock tongue 61 can accurately lock with the lock buckle 62; the supporting steel pipe 52 is locked by the electronic remote control lock 53, so that the steel plate 3 is kept inside the steel sleeve 1; under the temporary support of the steel plate 3, the fixed claw hook 4 is retracted inside the steel sleeve to ensure that it will not interfere with the hole wall during the lowering process; at the same time, ensure that the first spring 22 on the rebound device 2 is in a compressed state;

[0070] S5: An automatic lowering unit 7 for hanging the steel sleeve 1 is set up at the hole mouth of the pile hole. The hook 75 of the automatic lowering unit 7 is fixed to the reserved hole on the steel sleeve 1. The steel sleeve 1 is rotated so that the hook extends out of the hole and avoids the direction of the cave. Specifically, the following steps are included:

[0071] Setting up the automatic lowering unit 7: Building a support frame on the ground at the mouth of the pile hole to ensure that its structure is stable and can withstand the weight of the steel sleeve 1 and the tension during the lowering process;

[0072] A winch is installed on the top of the support frame to control the lowering speed and position of the steel sleeve 1;

[0073] A pulley block is installed on the side of the support frame to change the direction of the wire rope, reduce the load on the winch, and ensure that the steel sleeve 1 can be lowered smoothly;

[0074] Secure the steel sleeve 1: Connect one end of the wire rope to the winch, pass the other end over the pulley block, and secure it to the reserved hole on the steel sleeve 1 through the hook. Make sure the hook is longer than the length of the steel sleeve 1 so that it will not come off during the lowering process;

[0075] Check whether the connection between the wire rope and the hook is firm to ensure that it will not loosen or fall off during the lowering process;

[0076] Adjust the position of the steel sleeve 1: hoist the steel sleeve 1 by a winch so that it is suspended above the opening of the pile hole;

[0077] Rotate the steel sleeve 1 so that the claw hook extends out of the hole away from the direction of the cave; the specific location of the cave can be determined by setting marks on the ground or using measuring tools to ensure that the claw hook extends out of the hole away from the direction of the cave;

[0078] After confirming that the position of the steel sleeve 1 is adjusted correctly, check again whether the connection between the wire rope and the hook is firm to ensure that there will be no accidents during the lowering process;

[0079] S6: Start the winch to lower the steel sleeve 1. When it reaches the predetermined depth, the depth sensor on the hook sends a lowering position signal to the control device and the electronic remote control lock 53 respectively. The control device controls the winch to stop working and controls the electronic remote control lock 53 to automatically release the lock on the supporting steel pipe 52, so that the steel plate 3 moves toward the side wall of the steel sleeve where the claw hook extends out of the hole under the rebound action of the rebound device 2. After the steel plate 3 moves into place, the control device controls the locking tongue 61 on the steel plate 3 to lock and fix it with the lock buckle 62 on the side wall of the steel sleeve, thereby controlling the fixed claw hook 4 to extend out of the steel sleeve and fix it to the hole wall, thereby fixing the steel sleeve 1 in the cave position.

[0080] Specifically include:

[0081] Starting the winch: The operator activates the winch via the control device, and the winch's motor drives the drum. As the drum rotates, the wire rope is released from the drum and guided downward through the pulley block. The pulley block changes the direction of the wire rope, reducing the load on the winch and ensuring a smooth lowering of the sleeve.

[0082] Monitoring the lowering depth: The release of the wire rope drives the steel sleeve 1 to move downward along the drill hole, and the depth sensor on the hook monitors the lowering depth of the steel sleeve 1 in real time. The operator should monitor the reading of the depth sensor in real time through the control device to ensure that the steel sleeve 1 can be accurately lowered to the predetermined depth.

[0083] Lowering in place signal: When the steel sleeve 1 is lowered to a predetermined depth, the depth sensor on the hook detects the lowering in place signal; the depth sensor sends the lowering in place signal to the control device and the electronic remote control lock 53 respectively;

[0084] The control device responds: After receiving the lowering in place signal, the control device controls the winch to stop working, the wire rope to stop releasing, and the steel sleeve 1 to stop lowering; at the same time, the control device controls the electronic remote control lock 53 to automatically release the lock on the supporting steel pipe 52;

[0085] Rebound action of steel plate 3: After the electronic remote lock 53 is released, the steel plate 3 moves toward the side wall of the steel sleeve on the side where the claw hook extends out of the hole under the rebound action of the rebound device 2. After the steel plate 3 moves into position, the control device controls the locking tongue 61 on the steel plate 3 to lock and secure it with the lock buckle 62 on the side wall of the steel sleeve, ensuring the stable position of the steel plate 3.

[0086] Extension and fixation of the fixed claw hook 4: Driven by the steel plate 3, the fixed claw hook 4 extends out of the steel sleeve through the claw hook extension hole, contacts and fixes the hole wall; the claw tips of the fixed claw hook 4 are gathered together when not in use. When touching the hole wall, the claw tips are stretched out to the four sides under the combined action of the steel plate 3 and the hole wall, thereby fixing the steel sleeve 1 in the cave position;

[0087] S7: pouring concrete for bored piles; specifically including:

[0088] Preparation: Before pouring concrete, check the fixing status of the steel sleeve 1 again to ensure that the fixing claw 4 is firmly in contact with the hole wall and fixed, and the steel sleeve 1 is stable in the cave;

[0089] Use appropriate tools to clean out debris and accumulated water in the pile hole to ensure that the hole is clean and provide good conditions for concrete pouring;

[0090] Prepare an appropriate amount of concrete according to the design requirements. The mix ratio of concrete should meet the design standards to ensure its strength and durability;

[0091] Concrete pouring: Put the concrete pump or concrete placing boom in place to ensure that it can accurately deliver concrete to the pile hole. Start the concrete pump and deliver the concrete to the pile hole through the delivery pipe. The concrete supply should be maintained continuously during the pouring process to avoid interruptions; according to the depth of the pile hole, the concrete should be poured in layers; the thickness of each layer of concrete should be controlled within a reasonable range (generally 30-50 cm) to ensure that the concrete can be fully vibrated and compacted; use a vibrating rod to vibrate each layer of concrete to ensure that the concrete is dense and free of bubbles. Avoid excessive vibration during vibration to avoid damaging the concrete structure;

[0092] After pouring, check the concrete surface for smoothness and ensure it meets design requirements. Clean the concrete pump and concrete placing boom to ensure they are clean and ready for the next use. Record relevant concrete pouring data, including pouring time, concrete volume, and concrete strength grade, for subsequent construction management and quality control.

[0093] After ensuring that the concrete has initially solidified, the cave cast-in-place pile is retracted using the steel sleeve lowering control system, which includes unhooking the hook on the wire rope from the steel sleeve and pulling the wire rope and hook back to the ground.

[0094] The working principle of the steel sleeve lowering control system for karst cave cast-in-place piles provided by the present invention is as follows: Initial state: the steel sleeve 1 is placed on the top of the drill hole, ready for lowering; the steel plate 3 is locked with the supporting steel pipe 52 via the electronic remote control lock 53 on the steel plate temporary support device 5, so that the steel plate 3 is retained inside the steel sleeve 1, and the fixed claw hook 4 is retracted inside the steel sleeve; the rebound device 2 is in a standby state, ready to provide a rebound force for the steel plate 3; the hook of the automatic lowering unit 7 is fixed to the reserved hole on the steel sleeve 1 via a steel wire rope, and the depth sensor on the hook is in a standby state;

[0095] Lowering process: The operator activates the winch through the control device, and the winch's motor drives the drum to rotate. As the drum rotates, the wire rope is released from the drum, guiding the steel sleeve 1 downward through the pulley block. The pulley block changes the direction of the wire rope, reducing the load on the winch and ensuring that the steel sleeve 1 can be lowered smoothly. The release of the wire rope drives the steel sleeve 1 downward along the drill hole, and the depth sensor monitors the lowering depth of the steel sleeve 1 in real time.

[0096] Arrival at the predetermined position: When the steel sleeve 1 is lowered to the predetermined position, the depth sensor on the hook detects a lowering-in-place signal; the depth sensor sends the lowering-in-place signal to the control device and the electronic remote control lock 53; after receiving the signal, the control device controls the winch to stop working, stops releasing the wire rope, and stops lowering the steel sleeve 1; at the same time, the control device controls the electronic remote control lock 53 to automatically release the lock on the supporting steel pipe 52;

[0097] The fixed claw hook extends: after the electronic remote control lock 53 is unlocked, the steel plate 3 moves toward the side wall of the steel sleeve on the side of the hole where the claw hook is extended under the action of the rebound force of the rebound device 2; after the steel plate 3 moves into place, it is fixed to the inner wall of the steel sleeve 1 through the steel plate locking device 6; the fixed claw hook 4 is driven by the steel plate 3 to extend toward the hole wall, and fixes the steel sleeve 1 to the hole wall through contact and grasping with the surrounding environment (such as soil layer, rock, etc.), ensuring the stability of the steel sleeve 1 in the cave position; after the steel sleeve 1 is fixed to the hole wall by the fixed claw hook 4, the entire system is in a stable state, and subsequent bored pile construction can be carried out.

[0098] Through the aforementioned operating principle, the present invention's steel sleeve lowering control system for karst cave cast-in-place piles efficiently and accurately lowers the steel sleeve to the desired position. The fixed claws secure the sleeve to the hole wall, ensuring safety and reliability during construction. Furthermore, the system's incorporation of depth sensors and electronic remote control locks enhances the automation and precision of construction.

[0099] It will be easily understood by those skilled in the art that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A steel sleeve lowering control system for cave cast-in-place piles, characterized in that: The invention comprises a steel sleeve (1) adapted to the size of a karst cave, a rebound device (2) fixed to the inner wall of the steel sleeve (1), a steel plate (3) fixed to the rebound device (2), a fixed claw hook (4) provided on the steel plate (3), a steel plate temporary support device (5) provided between the steel plate (3) and the inner wall of the steel sleeve (1), an automatic lowering unit (7) for lowering the steel sleeve (1), and a control device connected to the steel plate temporary support device (5) and the automatic lowering unit (7); the side wall of the steel sleeve (1) is provided with a claw hook extension hole; The rebound device (2) is arranged on the inner wall of the steel sleeve below the hole where the claw hook extends out, and includes a bolt (21), a first nut (22) arranged at both ends of the bolt (21), a first spring (23) sleeved on the middle of the bolt (21), and a second nut (23) arranged at both ends of the first spring (22); the two first nuts (22) are fixed to the inner wall of the steel sleeve; the steel plate (3) is fixed to any one of the second nuts (23); the steel plate temporary support device (5) includes a second spring (51), a support steel pipe (52) connected to the second spring (51), and an electronic remote control lock (53) arranged on the steel plate (3); the automatic lowering unit (7 ) comprises a support frame (71) arranged on the ground at the top of the borehole, a winch (72) arranged on the top of the support frame (71), a pulley group (73) arranged on the side of the support frame (71), a wire rope (74) arranged on the winch (72) and a hook (75) arranged at the end of the wire rope (74); the winch is connected to a control device, and automatically adjusts the lowering speed and force according to the instructions of the control device to ensure that the steel sleeve 1 can be smoothly lowered to a predetermined position; the control device controls the locking state of the electronic remote control lock (53) to achieve temporary support or automatic rebound of the steel plate (3) inside the steel sleeve, and then controls the fixed claw hook (4) to retract into the steel sleeve or extend out of the steel sleeve.

2. A control system for lowering steel sleeves for karst cave cast-in-place piles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steel plate (3) is locked with the supporting steel pipe (52) by the electronic remote control lock (53) on the steel plate temporary support device (5). When the steel plate (3) is temporarily supported, it is arranged at an angle with the inner wall of the steel sleeve (1); when the electronic remote control lock (53) releases the lock on the supporting steel pipe (52), the steel plate (3) quickly moves to a vertical state under the rebound action of the rebound device (2).

3. A control system for lowering steel sleeves for karst cave cast-in-place piles according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first spring (22) is arranged horizontally, and the second spring (51) is arranged perpendicular to the inner wall of the steel sleeve (1); The distance between the top of the first spring (22) and the bottom of the second spring (51) is greater than the height of the steel plate (3) in a vertical state.

4. A steel sleeve lowering control system for cave cast-in-place piles according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The rebound device (2) is arranged on the inner wall of the steel sleeve below the hole through which the claw hook extends; The two first nuts (22) are fixed to the inner wall of the steel sleeve below the hole through which the claw hook extends; The second nut (23) is arranged between the first nut (22) and the first spring (23).

5. A steel sleeve lowering control system for cave cast-in-place piles according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: A second spring (51) is provided on the inner wall of the steel sleeve above the hole through which the claw hook extends; The electronic remote control lock (53) is arranged on the end of the steel plate (3) away from the rebound device (2).

6. A steel sleeve lowering control system for cave cast-in-place piles according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: A steel plate locking device (6) is provided between the steel plate (3) and the inner wall of the steel sleeve (1); The steel plate locking device (6) is an electronic lock, comprising a lock tongue (61) provided on the steel plate (3) and a lock catch (62) provided on the inner wall of the steel sleeve (1) and matching the position and number of the lock tongue (61); a driving mechanism is provided on the lock tongue (61) and connected to the control device via a cable; When locking is required, the control device sends a signal to the electronic lock, and the electromagnetic lock is energized to generate a magnetic field, which attracts the lock tongue. The electric lock drives the lock tongue to move through the motor. The lock tongue moves under the action of the driving mechanism and inserts into the lock hole of the lock buckle to achieve locking. When unlocking is required, the control device sends a signal to the electronic lock, the electromagnetic lock is powered off, and the magnetic field disappears; the electric lock drives the lock tongue in reverse through the motor; the lock tongue exits the lock hole of the lock buckle under the action of the reset spring or the reverse drive of the motor, thereby achieving unlocking.

7. A control system for lowering a steel sleeve for a karst cave cast-in-place pile according to claim 6, characterized in that: Two locking tongues (61) are provided on the steel plate (3) and are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the electronic remote control lock (53).

8. A steel sleeve lowering control system for cave cast-in-place piles according to any one of claims 1-3 and 7, characterized in that: The steel sleeve (1) is provided with a reserved hole adapted to the hook (75); the hook (75) is provided with a depth sensor (76); one end of the steel wire rope is fixed to the support frame (1), and the other end passes around the pulley block (73) and is fixed to the reserved hole on the steel sleeve (1) through the hook (75).

9. A steel sleeve lowering control system for karst cave cast-in-place piles according to any one of claims 1-3 and 7, characterized in that: The control device includes a central processing unit, an input module, an output module, a communication module, a user interface, a logic control unit, a power module and a storage module; The central processing unit automatically adjusts the lowering speed and force of the winch according to the feedback signals from the depth sensor (75) and the electronic remote control lock (53), ensuring that the steel sleeve (1) can be lowered smoothly to the predetermined position; The input module monitors the lowering depth of the steel sleeve (1) in real time and transmits the data to the central processing unit; the electronic remote control lock (53) receives the instructions of the central processing unit and controls the locking and unlocking status of the supporting steel pipe 52; The output module includes a winch control unit for controlling the start, stop, speed adjustment and other operations of the winch according to the instructions of the central processing unit; an electronic lock control unit for controlling the locking and unlocking operations of the electronic remote control lock (53) and the locking and unlocking operations of the steel plate locking device (6) according to the instructions of the central processing unit; and an alarm device for sending an alarm signal when the system detects an abnormal situation to remind the operator to take measures.

10. A construction method for a steel sleeve lowering control system for a karst cave cast-in-place pile, characterized in that: The application of the steel sleeve lowering control system for cave cast-in-place piles according to any one of claims 1 to 9 comprises the following steps: S1. Determine the location and size of the cave (8): S2: manufacturing a steel sleeve of suitable size according to the position and size of the cave (8); S3: A claw hook extension hole is opened on the side wall of the steel sleeve (1) and matches the unfolded size of the fixed claw hook (4); S4: Installing a rebound device (2), a steel plate (3), a steel plate temporary support device (5), and a steel plate locking device (6) inside the steel sleeve (1); temporarily supporting the steel plate (3) through the steel plate temporary support device (5), so that the fixed claw hook (4) is retracted inside the steel sleeve; S5: An automatic lowering unit (7) for hanging a steel sleeve (1) is set up at the hole mouth of the pile hole, and the hook of the automatic lowering unit (7) is fixed to the reserved hole on the steel sleeve (1), and the steel sleeve (1) is rotated so that the hook extends out of the hole to avoid the direction of the cave; S6: Start the winch to lower the steel sleeve (1). When the steel sleeve (1) is lowered to a predetermined depth, the depth sensor on the hook sends a lowering position signal to the control device and the electronic remote control lock (53). The control device controls the winch to stop working and controls the electronic remote control lock (53) to automatically release the lock on the supporting steel pipe (52), so that the steel plate (3) moves toward the side wall of the steel sleeve where the claw hook extends out of the hole under the rebound action of the rebound device (2). After the steel plate (3) moves into position, the control device controls the locking tongue (61) on the steel plate (3) to lock and fix it with the locking buckle (62) on the side wall of the steel sleeve, thereby controlling the fixed claw hook (4) to extend out of the steel sleeve and fix it to the hole wall, thereby fixing the steel sleeve (1) in the cave position. S7: Pour the bored pile concrete; after ensuring that the concrete has initially solidified, lower the bored pile into the cave using a steel sleeve and control the system for retraction.

Images