Novel snorkeling type water taking device and water taking method
Through the snorkeling water intake device and AI-optimized dynamic water intake method, the wear problem of high-sand water flow on the turbine unit was solved, safe and efficient water resource intake was achieved, equipment life was extended and environmental impact was reduced.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511191702.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-08-25
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-10
AI Technical Summary
In existing technologies for pumped storage and irrigation projects, high-sediment-content water flows into the water intake pipes, causing wear on turbine blades. Traditional sand barriers fail when the water level changes, and are unable to effectively prevent hard sediment from entering the water intakes, causing equipment damage.
A new type of snorkeling water intake device is used, which uses a buoyancy support, thruster and sensor system to adjust the position and height in real time to avoid high-sand water flow, achieve dynamic stratified water intake, and combine AI to predict water temperature changes and optimize the water intake elevation.
Effectively prevent hard sediment from entering the water intake, extend equipment overhaul cycle, improve water intake efficiency, adapt to changes in water level and sand content, reduce abrasion, lower carbon emissions, and achieve environmentally friendly reuse.
Smart Images
Figure CN120759314A_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of water intake of water conservancy and hydropower engineering, and particularly relates to a novel floating diving type water intake device and a water intake method. BACKGROUND
[0002] In recent years, the method of lowering water level to discharge sediment is often used for a sand-rich river to prolong the operation life of a reservoir sediment storage capacity, so that coarse particle high-hardness sediment in the reservoir area is discharged into the downstream through the flow passage gate hole. However, for the projects with water intake requirements such as pumped storage projects and irrigation projects, the high-speed water flow with high sediment concentration is directly sucked into the water intake pipeline during the water intake process, and the high-hardness sediment particles in the high-speed water flow can cause abrasion and damage to the blades when passing through the water turbine set, and the water turbine set can be scrapped in a very short time.
[0003] At present, the method of using a sediment blocking dam is often used to prevent high-sediment water flow from entering the water intake port. Under normal operating conditions, the sediment blocking dam can force the bottom sediment to slide down in front of the dam and not enter the water intake port. When the reservoir performs water and sediment regulation or encounters a sharp rise in flood, the flow pattern of the water flow changes dramatically, and the water level line of the high-sediment water flow rises. Once the dam top is exceeded, the sediment blocking dam with fixed elevation will lose the "capping" effect, resulting in that the high-sediment water body directly enters the water intake port, which is an inherent defect that cannot be overcome by the traditional structure. SUMMARY
[0004] The present application provides a novel floating diving type water intake device which can change the height according to the sediment condition of the water body to avoid high-sediment water flow from entering the water intake port, so as to achieve the purpose of safe water intake. Meanwhile, the present application provides a water intake method using the above water intake device, which can adapt to the change of the water level line of the high-sediment water flow and adjust the water intake height. The following technical scheme can be adopted: The novel floating diving type water intake device provided by the present application comprises a top plate, a bottom plate and a flow splitter connecting the two, the flow splitter is provided with a water inlet gate between the flow splitter, the middle part of the bottom plate is provided with a downward extending flow guide cylinder, the outlet of the flow guide cylinder is provided with an expansion joint for connecting a pre-buried water intake pipe; the periphery of the bottom plate is provided with a buoyancy support outside the flow guide cylinder, the buoyancy support, the top plate, the bottom plate and the flow splitter are all hollow structures, and the buoyancy support is connected with the flow splitter and the top plate through the air flow channel provided on the bottom plate; the top plate is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, the buoyancy support is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, the water inlet is used for connecting a ballast water supply mechanism, the air inlet is used for connecting a compressed air supply mechanism; the buoyancy support is further provided with an inflatable bag, a first underwater propeller, a second underwater propeller and a ground anchor connected with a winding mechanism; the top plate is provided with a Beidou navigation positioning terminal, and the bottom plate is provided with a temperature sensor and a sediment concentration sensor.
[0005] The water taking device is a non-fixed structure, which can be adjusted in position in water relatively freely by external force or by changing the weight and buoyancy of the device, so as to avoid the high-sand-content water level line more flexibly and take water flow meeting the temperature requirement and having lower sand content.
[0006] Preferably, the top plate is a circular plate, the flow guide cylinder is a horn-shaped structure arranged integrally with the bottom plate, and the outer diameter of the bottom plate is consistent with the size of the top plate. The top plate and the bottom plate are both circular in structure, which is easy to process and assemble. The horn-shaped flow guide cylinder is beneficial to smooth water flow and avoids cavitation of high-speed water flow, so that water taking is carried out with maximum efficiency.
[0007] Preferably, a plurality of the flow splitter piers are uniformly arranged between the top plate and the bottom plate, and the water inlet gate is an up-down lifting type flat gate. The water inlet gate is uniformly arranged in multiple circumferential directions, which not only simplifies the installation, but also can freely select the number of openings during water taking, so as to adjust the water flow.
[0008] Preferably, the telescopic joint comprises a rubber bellows and a metal bellows, the rubber bellows is connected with the flow guide cylinder, and the metal bellows is connected with the pre-buried water taking pipe. The rubber bellows has good flexibility, which can fully absorb the large angular displacement of the upper water inlet mechanism when the water body fluctuates violently; the metal bellows has high strength and good pressure bearing, which can ensure the pipeline sealing and structural safety of the device under long-period operation.
[0009] Preferably, the buoyancy support comprises a plurality of buoyancy columns and buoyancy rings connected therewith, the buoyancy columns are uniformly arranged at the circumference of the bottom plate, and the buoyancy rings are coaxially arranged with the flow guide cylinder. The buoyancy support adopts a frame structure, which effectively reduces its own weight and is beneficial to the free movement of the device in the water body; at the same time, the buoyancy columns and the buoyancy rings are arranged outside the flow guide cylinder, the buoyancy rings have a planar supporting surface, which is beneficial to the stable placement of the device during transportation and avoids adverse phenomena such as bumping of the flow guide cylinder.
[0010] Preferably, the water inlet and the water outlet are arranged at the buoyancy ring, the air inlet is arranged at the top of the top plate, the air outlet is arranged at the side of the top plate, the ballast water supply mechanism and the compressed air supply mechanism are both arranged on the shore, or the ballast water supply mechanism is arranged on the shore, and the compressed air supply mechanism adopts a compressed air tank arranged on the top plate. Compressed air is mainly used for draining the inner cavity of the buoyancy support, so the compressed air supply mechanism can be arranged on the shore to reduce the self-weight of the water taking device, or the compressed air supply mechanism (i.e. a small-volume and small-weight compressed air tank) can be arranged on the top of the water taking device, so as to avoid the connection pipeline being too long.
[0011] Preferably, the inflatable bag and the winding mechanism are arranged on the buoyancy ring, wherein the inflatable bag is connected with the compressed air supply mechanism.
[0012] Preferably, the first underwater propeller and the second underwater propeller are both spiral propellers arranged on the outer wall of the buoyancy ring, wherein the first underwater propeller is arranged horizontally, and the second underwater propeller is arranged vertically.
[0013] The water taking method according to the application is implemented by the novel floating water taking device, and comprises the following steps. Firstly, the water taking device is placed in a deep water area in a suitable port. Secondly, the buoyancy support is filled with water through the ballast water supply mechanism, so that the water taking device is submerged to a certain depth, and then the inflatable bag is inflated through the compressed air supply mechanism, so that the water taking device hovers at this height. Thirdly, the first underwater propeller is started, and the water taking device is moved in the horizontal plane under the guidance of the Beidou navigation positioning terminal, and when the water taking device reaches above the embedded water taking pipe, the telescopic joint is opened, the flow guide cylinder and the embedded water taking pipe are fixedly connected together, and the ground anchor is lowered. Fourthly, water taking operation is performed in a fixed water taking mode or a dynamic water taking mode.
[0014] The fixed water taking mode comprises: ① the inflatable bag is inflated through the compressed air supply mechanism, so that the water taking device is lifted to a certain height, and then the water taking device is lowered to a certain depth through the ballast water supply mechanism. F 浮 > G 重 At this time, the steel cable connected with the ground anchor is in a tension state; ② according to the detection results of the temperature sensor and the sediment content sensor, the winding mechanism is started, the length of the steel cable is adjusted to make the water taking device rise or fall, and when the height meets the water taking requirements, the water inlet gate is opened, and water taking operation is performed; ③ in this process, the water taking device is always kept in a state of hovering at a certain height. F 浮 = G 重 + F 拉 ; The dynamic water taking mode comprises: ① the winding mechanism is started, so that the steel cable connected with the ground anchor is kept in a length that is always in a relaxed state; ② the amount of inflation of the inflatable bag and the amount of water in the buoyancy support are adjusted, so that the water taking device is kept in a state of hovering at a certain height. F 浮 =G 重 ; ③ According to the detection results of the temperature sensor and the sand content sensor, the second underwater propeller is started, and the propulsion direction of the second underwater propeller is adjusted to make the water intake device rise or fall. During the rising process of the water intake device, F 浮 + F 助 > G 重 ; During the descent of the water intake device, F 浮 < G 重 + F 助 ; ④ When the height that meets the water intake requirements is reached, the second underwater propeller is closed, the water intake gate is opened, and the water intake operation is carried out; in, F 浮 ——buoyancy of the water intake device, N; G 重 ——Total gravity acting on the water intake device, N; F 拉 ——the tension of the steel cable acting on the water intake device, N; F 助 ——The steel cable thrust exerted on the water intake device by the second underwater thruster, in N.
[0015] The novel snorkeling water intake device provided by the present invention has an ingenious structure and is easy to transport. After being placed in the water intake area, it is connected to the pre-buried water intake pipe. Through the feedback of relevant monitoring signals and the cooperation of the motion control mechanism, water flow that meets the requirements can be easily obtained.
[0016] This water-intake method is easy to implement and has sensitive control. It can select the corresponding water-intake mode according to the changes in the flow state of the water body to be tested. Among them, the fixed water-intake mode is stable, simple, and highly reliable. Since changing the water level requires changing the length of the cable, it has relatively poor flexibility. Therefore, it is suitable for states where the water flow changes are relatively stable; the dynamic water-intake mode has a higher water-intake quality and changes its own height through a numerical control mechanism. It has strong flexibility and is particularly suitable for scenarios where the water level or sand layer changes extremely drastically and requires a quick response.
[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: 1) No civil construction is required, and the water intake device is prefabricated in the factory, which better cooperates with the engineering construction and shortens the construction period. In addition, it can be transported and the water intake area can be changed, with high reusability, which is very friendly to the environment and carbon emissions. 2) In the whole cycle of reservoir low water level desilting, high water level water storage and flood steep rise and steep fall, the water taking device can continuously operate with the change of water level ±5 m (even ±10 m), realize the purpose of avoiding sand and silt, dynamic stratified water taking, reduce the hard and coarse particles into the steam turbine unit, make the abrasion rate of runner, guide vane and other flow parts decrease by more than one order of magnitude, and the overhaul period is prolonged from 2-3 years to 8-10 years; 3) When the embedded water taking pipeline is connected in the water taking project of the irrigation area, the water taking device can receive temperature information through the sensor, then feedback the information to the processing end, control the water pressure or drainage in the cabin to adjust the water taking elevation, even can be combined with AI, through input: historical water temperature data, weather forecast, upstream water information, real-time monitoring data and the like to predict the water temperature change, carry out advance deployment, so that the water flow with appropriate temperature is taken.
[0018] Briefly, the water taking device described in the application changes the "sand avoidance, wear prevention and temperature preservation" from passive remedy to active control through "real-time stratification" and "elevation adjustment", which is a fundamental solution to replace the fixed water intake in the multi-sand river reservoir. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0019] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the water taking device.
[0020] Figure 2 is Figure 1 the expanded state schematic diagram of the expansion joint of the water taking device.
[0021] Figure 3 is Figure 1 the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram (omitting the anchor and the winding mechanism) of
[0022] Figure 4 is Figure 1 the A-A view in
[0023] Figure 5 is Figure 1 the B-B view in
[0024] Figure 6 is the principle schematic diagram of the water taking device.
[0025] Figure 7 is the principle schematic diagram of the water taking device.
[0026] Figure 8 is the control principle block diagram of the water taking device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0027] The application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. The embodiments are implemented on the basis of the technical solutions of the application, and detailed implementation modes and specific working processes are given. However, the protection scope of the application is not limited to the following embodiments.
[0028] As shown in Figures 1-8 The novel snorkeling water intake device comprises a top plate 1 and a bottom plate 2, which are connected through uniformly spaced diversion piers 3, and adjacent diversion piers 3 are provided with pull-type flat plate structure water intake gates 4. Generally, the water intake gates 4 are opened and closed through submersible hoists. During water intake, the water intake gates 4 can be fully opened or partially opened according to water requirements.
[0029] The top plate 1 is a circular plate, and the bottom plate 2 is a circular plate provided with a flow guide cylinder 5 at the center. The two are coaxially arranged and have the same size. The flow guide cylinder 5 is a downwardly extending horn-shaped structure, which can make the water flow smoothly and avoid cavitation caused by high-speed water flow, thereby maximizing the water intake efficiency.
[0030] In order to reduce the weight, the top plate 1, the bottom plate 2 and the diversion piers 3 all adopt a hollow structure.
[0031] In order to facilitate connection with the pre-buried water intake pipe 6 and adapt to the working state of the water intake device floating up and down, an expansion joint 7 is arranged at the outlet of the flow guide cylinder 5. In this embodiment, the expansion joint 7 comprises a rubber bellows 71 and a metal bellows 72. The rubber bellows 71 with good flexibility is connected with the flow guide cylinder 5, thereby fully absorbing the large angular displacement of the upper water intake mechanism when the water body fluctuates violently. The metal bellows 72 has high strength and pressure bearing, and is connected with the pre-buried water intake pipe 6, which can ensure the pipeline sealing and structural safety of the device under long-period operation.
[0032] The bottom plate 2 is provided with a buoyancy support 8, which comprises a plurality of buoyancy columns 81 evenly arranged around the periphery of the bottom plate 2 and a buoyancy ring 82 arranged at the bottom of the buoyancy columns 81. The buoyancy ring 82 is coaxially arranged with the flow guide cylinder 5, the buoyancy ring 82 and the buoyancy columns 81 are in communication with each other to form a cavity structure, and the buoyancy columns 81 are in communication with the flow splitter 3 and the top plate 1 through air flow channels arranged on the bottom plate 2. The buoyancy ring 82 is provided with a water inlet 91 and a water outlet 92, the top plate 1 is provided with an air inlet 93 at the center of the top, and the side wall of the top plate 1 is provided with an air outlet 94. The water inlet 91 is used to connect a ballast water supply mechanism, and the air inlet 93 is used to connect a compressed air supply mechanism. When water is injected into the cavity of the buoyancy support 8, the total weight of the water taking device can be increased; when weight reduction is required, compressed air is injected into the buoyancy support 8 through the air inlet 93 to press out the water. Generally, the ballast water supply mechanism and the compressed air supply mechanism are arranged on the shore and connected to the buoyancy support 8 through pipelines. Since the amount of compressed air used is small, a small volume and small weight compressed air tank can also be used as a compressed air supply mechanism and directly installed on the top of the water taking device, thereby avoiding the pipeline being too long.
[0033] The buoyancy support 8 adopts a frame structure, which effectively reduces the weight of the buoyancy support 8 and is beneficial to the free movement of the device in the water. At the same time, the buoyancy columns 81 and the buoyancy ring 82 are arranged outside the flow guide cylinder 5, and the buoyancy ring 82 has a planar supporting surface, which is helpful for the stable placement of the water taking device during transportation and avoids the flow guide cylinder 5 from being knocked or other adverse phenomena. Further, the buoyancy support is further provided with an air bag 10 connected to the compressed air supply mechanism. When the air bag 10 is inflated, the buoyancy of the water taking device can be increased. In this embodiment, the air bag 10 adopts a multi-capsule structure arranged independently in multiple groups. When not inflated, the air bag 10 is located inside the buoyancy ring 82, and after inflation, the volume expands and protrudes downward from the buoyancy ring 82.
[0034] The outer wall of the buoyancy ring 82 is provided with a first underwater propeller 11 and a second underwater propeller 12. The first underwater propeller 11 and the second underwater propeller 12 both adopt a spiral propeller, wherein the first underwater propeller 11 is evenly and spacedly arranged, and is arranged in a horizontal direction, and is used to adjust the position of the water taking device in the horizontal direction; the second underwater propeller 12 is arranged between adjacent first underwater propellers 11 and is also evenly distributed in a circumferential direction, and is arranged in a vertical direction, and is used to adjust the height of the water taking device in the vertical direction.
[0035] The buoyancy ring 82 is further provided with a plurality of evenly distributed winding mechanisms 13, and each winding mechanism 13 is connected with an anchor 15 through a steel cable 14. When the water taking device reaches a predetermined position, the device can be fixed through the anchor 15.
[0036] In addition, a Beidou navigation positioning terminal is installed on the top plate 1 to obtain the accurate three-dimensional coordinates (longitude, latitude, and elevation) of the water taking device. An immersion type temperature sensor and an optical sediment content sensor are installed on the bottom plate 2, and the probes are located at a water depth of 0.5 m in front of the gate 4 to monitor the water temperature and sediment content of the water taking layer in real time. The Beidou navigation positioning terminal, temperature sensor, and sediment content sensor are all connected to an industrial PLC+edge computing gateway control unit through RS-485 / Modbus. An AI reasoning module is deployed in the control unit to fuse historical water temperature, weather forecast, real-time water temperature / sediment content / water level / gate opening data, predict the water temperature change of the water taking layer in the next 6-12 hours, and automatically adjust the water taking elevation or gate opening degree accordingly to realize closed-loop optimization of the water taking temperature.
[0037] The water taking method disclosed by the application is realized by the above-mentioned new type of floating water taking device, and comprises the following steps: First, select a suitable port and place the water taking device in a deep water area. Second, fill water into the buoyancy support 8 through the ballast water supply mechanism to make the water taking device dive, and after reaching a certain depth, fill air into the inflatable bag 10 through the compressed air supply mechanism to make the water taking device hover at this height. Third, start the first underwater propeller 11 to move the water taking device in the horizontal plane under the guidance of the Beidou navigation positioning terminal, and when reaching above the pre-buried water taking pipe 6, the diver stretches the telescopic joint 7 to a certain extent and connects it to the pre-buried water taking pipe 6, so that the flow guiding cylinder 5 and the pre-buried water taking pipe 6 are fixedly connected together, and the underwater anchor 15 fixes the water taking device in this area. Fourth, take water in the fixed water taking mode or the dynamic water taking mode, and in the water taking process, the position of the water taking device in the horizontal plane can be adjusted through the first underwater propeller 11.
[0038] When the water flow change is in a relatively stable state, the fixed water taking mode is adopted, which comprises: ① filling air into the inflatable bag 10 through the compressed air supply mechanism to make the water taking device hover at a certain height; F 浮 > G 重 At this time, the steel cable 14 connected with the ground anchor 15 is in a tension state; ② according to the detection results of the temperature sensor and the sediment content sensor, the winding mechanism 13 is started to adjust the length of the steel cable 14 to make the water taking device rise or fall, and when reaching the height meeting the water taking requirements, the water inlet gate 4 is opened to carry out the water taking operation; ③ in this process, the water taking device is always kept in a horizontal state. F 浮 = G 重 + F 拉 .
[0039] When the water level or the sand content layer changes extremely sharply and requires a quick response, the dynamic water taking mode is adopted, including: ① starting the winding mechanism 13, so that the steel cable 14 connected with the ground anchor 15 is kept at a length that is always in a relaxed state; ② adjusting the air volume in the air bag 10 and the water volume in the buoyancy support 8, so that F 浮 = G 重 ; ③ according to the detection results of the temperature sensor and the sand content sensor, starting the second underwater propeller 12, adjusting the propelling direction of the second underwater propeller 12 (i.e. making the spiral blade rotate forward or reverse), so that the water taking device rises or falls, and in the rising process of the water taking device, F 浮 + F 助 > G 重 ; in the falling process of the water taking device, F 浮 < G 重 + F 助 ; ④ when reaching the height meeting the water taking requirements, closing the second underwater propeller 12, opening the water inlet gate 4, and performing the water taking operation.
[0040] Among them, F 浮 the buoyancy received by the water taking device, N; G 重 the total weight received by the water taking device, N; F 拉 the steel cable tension received by the water taking device, N; F 助 the steel cable thrust from the second underwater propeller received by the water taking device, N.
[0041] The water taking device described in the application is a non-fixed structure, which can be relatively freely adjusted in position in water by external force or by changing the counterweight and buoyancy of the device, so as to more flexibly avoid the high sand content water level line and take water flow meeting the temperature requirements and having a lower sand content.
[0042] It should be noted that in the description of the present application, the terms indicating the orientation or positional relationship such as "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer" and the like are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.
Claims
1. A new type of snorkeling water intake device, characterized by: It includes a top plate, a bottom plate and a diversion pier connecting the two, a water inlet gate is arranged between the diversion piers, a downward extending guide tube is arranged in the middle of the bottom plate, and a telescopic joint for connecting the pre-buried water intake pipe is arranged at the outlet of the guide tube; a buoyancy support is arranged on the periphery of the bottom plate and is located on the outside of the guide tube, the buoyancy support, top plate, bottom plate and diversion pier are all cavity structures, and the buoyancy support is connected to the diversion pier and the top plate through an air flow channel arranged on the bottom plate; an air inlet and an exhaust port are arranged on the top plate, and a water inlet and a drain port are arranged on the buoyancy support, the water inlet is used to connect to a ballast water supply mechanism, and the air inlet is used to connect to a compressed air supply mechanism; an inflatable bag, a first underwater thruster, a second underwater thruster and a ground anchor connected to a winding mechanism are also arranged on the buoyancy support; a Beidou navigation positioning terminal is arranged on the top plate, and a temperature sensor and a sand content sensor are arranged on the bottom plate.
2. The novel snorkeling water intake device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The top plate is a circular plate, the guide tube is a trumpet-shaped structure integrated with the bottom plate, and the outer diameter of the bottom plate is consistent with that of the top plate.
3. The novel snorkeling water intake device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The diversion piers are arranged in multiple numbers at even intervals between the top plate and the bottom plate, and the water inlet gate is a flat gate of the upper and lower lifting type.
4. The novel snorkeling water intake device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The expansion joint comprises a rubber bellows and a metal bellows, the rubber bellows is connected to the guide tube, and the metal bellows is connected to the pre-buried water intake pipe.
5. The novel snorkeling water intake device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The buoyancy support comprises a plurality of buoyancy columns and buoyancy rings connected thereto. The buoyancy columns are evenly spaced around the periphery of the bottom plate, and the buoyancy rings are coaxially arranged with the guide tube.
6. The novel snorkeling water intake device according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The water inlet and the water outlet are arranged at the buoyancy ring, the air inlet is arranged on the top of the top plate, and the exhaust port is arranged on the side of the top plate. The ballast water supply mechanism and the compressed air supply mechanism are both arranged on the shore, or the ballast water supply mechanism is arranged on the shore, and the compressed air supply mechanism uses a compressed air tank arranged on the top plate.
7. The novel snorkeling water intake device according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The inflatable bag and the reeling mechanism are both arranged on the buoyancy ring, wherein the inflatable bag is connected to the compressed air supply mechanism.
8. The novel snorkeling water intake device according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The first underwater propeller and the second underwater propeller are both screw propellers arranged on the outer side wall of the buoyancy ring, wherein the first underwater propeller is arranged in the horizontal direction and the second underwater propeller is arranged in the vertical direction.
9. A water intake method, implemented by the novel snorkeling water intake device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The steps include: The first step is to select a suitable port and place the water intake device in a deep water area; The second step is to fill the buoyancy support with water through the ballast water supply mechanism, so that the water intake device dives. After reaching a certain depth, the compressed air supply mechanism is used to inflate the inflatable bag, so that the water intake device hovers at this height. The third step is to start the first underwater thruster and, under the guidance of the Beidou navigation and positioning terminal, move the water intake device in the horizontal plane. When it reaches the top of the pre-buried water intake pipe, the expansion joint is opened, the guide tube is fixedly connected to the pre-buried water intake pipe, and the anchor is lowered. The fourth step is to perform water extraction operations through a fixed water extraction mode or a dynamic water extraction mode.
10. The water extraction method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The fixed water intake mode includes: ① inflating the air bag through the compressed air supply mechanism to make F 浮 > G 重 , at this time, the steel cable connected to the anchor is in a taut state; ② According to the detection results of the temperature sensor and the sand content sensor, the winding mechanism is started, and the water intake device is raised or lowered by adjusting the length of the steel cable. When the height that meets the water intake requirements is reached, the water inlet gate is opened to carry out the water intake operation; ③ During this process, always keep F 浮 = G 重 + F 拉 ; The dynamic water intake mode includes: ① starting the reeling mechanism to keep the steel cable connected to the ground anchor at a length that is always in a relaxed state; ② adjusting the amount of air in the inflatable bag and the amount of water in the buoyancy support so that F 浮 = G 重 ; ③ According to the detection results of the temperature sensor and the sand content sensor, the second underwater propeller is started, and the propulsion direction of the second underwater propeller is adjusted to make the water intake device rise or fall. During the rising process of the water intake device, F 浮 + F 助 > G 重 ; During the descent of the water intake device, F 浮 < G 重 + F 助 ; ④ When the height that meets the water intake requirements is reached, the second underwater propeller is closed, the water intake gate is opened, and the water intake operation is carried out; in, F 浮 ——buoyancy of the water intake device, N; G 重 ——Total gravity acting on the water intake device, N; F 拉 ——the tension of the steel cable acting on the water intake device, N; F 助 ——The steel cable thrust exerted on the water intake device by the second underwater thruster, in N.