Digital intelligent detection and judgment method and system for integrity of cement sheath of old gas well

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of cement sheath digital intelligent detection, and provides an old gas well cement sheath integrity digital intelligent detection judgment method and system, and the method comprises the steps: employing a convolutional neural network to detect the propagation velocity and attenuation velocity, the temperature change and pressure change of a plurality of positions of a cement sheath, and the relative displacement between the cement sheath and a sleeve, analyzing the deformation condition of the cement sheath, and extracting the cementation interface state, the gas channeling risk, the displacement efficiency and the crack and pore distribution of the cement sheath; establishing a fluid flow model of the drilling fluid according to the collected mechanical properties of the cement sheath and the fluid transmission characteristics of the drilling fluid; according to the cementing interface state, the gas channeling risk, the displacement efficiency, the crack and pore distribution and the fluid flow model of the drilling fluid of the cement sheath, the cement sheath is comprehensively scored, and the problem of integrity detection of the old gas well cement sheath is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of digital intelligent detection of cement rings, and in particular to a method and system for digital intelligent detection and evaluation of cement ring integrity in old gas wells. Background Art

[0002] Gas well cementing technology plays a crucial role in oil and gas development, ensuring the longevity of oilfield wells and protecting resources. This horizontal well cementing technology aims to protect the well by injecting cement slurry into the annular space between the wellbore and casing. With the advancement of drilling technology, new requirements have been set for gas storage well cementing, which is driving the development of horizontal well cementing for gas storage wells. Therefore, during construction, it is important to promptly implement horizontal well cementing technology and related measures for gas storage wells to avoid engineering accidents caused by horizontal well cementing.

[0003] Cementing gas storage wells involves improving displacement efficiency. First, maintain a high yield value for the drilling fluid before running casing, circulating it at high flow rates to remove as much of the same phase sediment and cuttings as possible from the mud. Second, circulate the mud after running casing to improve the fluidity of the drilling fluid and enhance displacement efficiency. Third, utilize a four-stage flushing process consisting of diesel, strong flushing fluid, weighted spacer fluid, and low-density cement slurry to ensure effective well cleaning. Fourth, optimize the centralizer to ensure casing centering and improve cement slurry displacement efficiency. Cementing gas storage wells directly impacts safety measures during construction. Specific requirements for cementing equipment, tubing, tools, and accessories must be met to ensure smooth operation. Well logging also provides detailed wellbore diameter, inclination, azimuth, and temperature data for both gas storage wells and other wells, ensuring safer and more stable construction. During the maintenance and inspection of mature gas wells, cement sheath integrity testing and assessment are key to ensuring downhole safety and production efficiency.

[0004] Patent CN118273704A provides a quantitative evaluation method for the hydraulic isolation capability of cementing cement. This method analyzes the bond quality and isolation capability between the cement sheath, casing, and formation, and utilizes cementing quality evaluation logging data to form a quantitative evaluation. However, this method primarily focuses on evaluating the cementing quality of new wells, and there is still a lack of effective means for detecting and evaluating performance changes in the cement sheath of old gas wells after long-term service. Given the limitations of the aforementioned technologies, this paper aims to propose a digitally intelligent detection and evaluation method and system for the integrity of cement sheaths in old gas wells. By comprehensively collecting and analyzing cement sheaths, a more detailed and accurate detection and evaluation system is established to address the challenge of cement sheath integrity detection in old gas wells. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application aims to at least solve the technical problems existing in the prior art, and provide a digital intelligent detection and evaluation method and system for the integrity of the cement ring in old gas wells. By comprehensively collecting and analyzing the microstructural changes, mechanical properties and fluid flow characteristics of the cement ring and drilling fluid, a more detailed and accurate detection and evaluation system is established to solve the problem of cement ring integrity detection in old gas wells.

[0006] In the first aspect, the present application provides a digital intelligent detection and evaluation method for the integrity of the cement sheath of an old gas well, comprising: extracting the propagation velocity and attenuation velocity of ultrasound in the cement sheath, the temperature changes and pressure changes at multiple positions of the cement sheath, the relative displacement between the cement sheath and the casing, and the deformation of the cement sheath based on ultrasonic imaging data of the cement sheath; using a convolutional neural network to analyze the propagation velocity and attenuation velocity, the temperature changes and pressure changes at multiple positions of the cement sheath, the relative displacement between the cement sheath and the casing, and the deformation of the cement sheath, and extracting the cement sheath's bonding interface state, gas channeling risk, displacement efficiency, and crack and pore distribution; establishing a fluid flow model of the drilling fluid based on the collected mechanical properties of the cement sheath and the fluid transmission characteristics of the drilling fluid; and comprehensively scoring the cement sheath based on the cement sheath's bonding interface state, gas channeling risk, displacement efficiency, crack and pore distribution, and the fluid flow model of the drilling fluid.

[0007] The extraction of the cement sheath's bonding interface state, gas channeling risk, displacement efficiency, and crack and pore distribution specifically includes: real-time monitoring of the cement sheath's bonding state based on the propagation speed and attenuation speed of ultrasound in the cement sheath; real-time early warning of gas channeling risk based on temperature and pressure changes at multiple locations of the cement sheath, the relative displacement between the cement sheath and the casing, and deformation of the cement sheath; real-time assessment of the cement sheath's displacement efficiency based on the resistivity difference between the cement sheath and the drilling fluid inside; and identification of the cement sheath's crack and pore distribution using a dynamic resistivity cloud map.

[0008] The real-time monitoring of the bonding state of the cement sheath based on the propagation speed and attenuation speed of the ultrasonic wave in the cement sheath specifically includes: when the propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave in the cement sheath is higher than a first preset speed threshold and the energy attenuation exceeds the first preset energy threshold, complete bonding occurs; when the propagation speed in the cement sheath is lower than a second preset speed threshold and the energy attenuation exceeds the second preset energy threshold, partial bonding occurs; when the propagation speed in the cement sheath is lower than a third preset speed threshold and the energy attenuation exceeds the third preset energy threshold, no bonding occurs at all.

[0009] The method provides a real-time warning of gas channeling risk based on temperature and pressure changes at multiple locations of the cement sheath, the relative displacement between the cement sheath and the casing, and the deformation of the cement sheath. Specifically, a gas channeling risk warning is issued when the temperature change at each location of the cement sheath exceeds a preset temperature change threshold, when the pressure change at each location of the cement sheath exceeds a preset pressure change threshold, when the relative displacement between the cement sheath and the casing exceeds a preset displacement safety threshold, and when the pores inside the cement sheath exceed the size of the cement blank or the deformation rate of the pores exceeds a preset deformation rate threshold.

[0010] The real-time evaluation of the cement sheath displacement efficiency is performed based on the resistivity difference between the cement sheath and the drilling fluid inside. Specifically, the evaluation includes: the appearance of a continuous high-resistivity area in the cement sheath indicates low displacement efficiency; the formation of a low-resistivity area in the drilling fluid surrounded by high-resistivity drilling fluid indicates reduced displacement efficiency; and the asymmetric abnormality of the resistivity distribution indicates reduced displacement efficiency.

[0011] The identification of the distribution of cracks and pores in the cement sheath by using the dynamic resistivity cloud map specifically includes: identifying areas in the dynamic resistivity cloud map that meet a preset low resistivity, identifying areas with linear and continuous distribution as cracks in the cement sheath, and identifying areas with scattered and irregular distribution as pores in the cement sheath.

[0012] The mechanical properties of the cement sheath include the effective stress, pore pressure, porosity and pore size distribution of the cement sheath; the transmission characteristics of the drilling fluid include the seepage velocity, permeability and fluid dynamics of the drilling fluid.

[0013] In the second aspect, the present application provides a digital intelligent detection and evaluation system for the integrity of the cement ring of an old gas well, including an imaging data extraction module: extracting the propagation velocity and attenuation velocity of the ultrasonic wave in the cement ring, the temperature changes and pressure changes at multiple positions of the cement ring, the relative displacement between the cement ring and the casing, and the deformation of the cement ring based on the ultrasonic imaging data of the cement ring; an imaging data analysis module: using a convolutional neural network to analyze the propagation velocity and attenuation velocity, the temperature changes and pressure changes at multiple positions of the cement ring, the relative displacement between the cement ring and the casing, and the deformation of the cement ring, and extracting the cement ring's bonding interface state, gas channeling risk, displacement efficiency, and crack and pore distribution; a fluid flow modeling module: establishing a fluid flow model of the drilling fluid based on the collected mechanical properties of the cement ring and the fluid transmission characteristics of the drilling fluid; a cement ring comprehensive scoring module: performing a comprehensive scoring on the cement ring based on the cement ring's bonding interface state, gas channeling risk, displacement efficiency, crack and pore distribution, and the fluid flow model of the drilling fluid.

[0014] In a third aspect, the present application provides a computer program product, including a computer program / instruction, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method for digitally detecting and evaluating the integrity of cement rings in old gas wells.

[0015] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides an electronic device comprising: at least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein the memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor, and the computer program is executed by the at least one processor so that the at least one processor can execute a digital detection and evaluation method for the integrity of the cement ring of an old gas well as described. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 1 is a flow chart of a method for digitally detecting and evaluating cement sheath integrity in old gas wells according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the principle of the system of the digital intelligent detection and evaluation method for cement sheath integrity of old gas wells according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the electronic device of the digital intelligent detection and evaluation method for the integrity of the cement sheath of an old gas well according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Reference numerals:

[0020] 11. Processor; 12. Memory; 13. Communication interface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended only to explain the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0022] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0023] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified and limited, it should be noted that the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection, or it can be the internal communication between two components. It can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0024] The execution subject of the digital intelligent detection and evaluation method for the integrity of cement rings in old gas wells includes but is not limited to at least one of the electronic devices such as a server and a terminal that can be configured to execute the method provided in the embodiment of the present application. In other words, the digital intelligent detection and evaluation method for the integrity of cement rings in old gas wells can be executed by software or hardware installed on a terminal device or a server device, and the software can be a blockchain platform. The server includes but is not limited to: a single server, a server cluster, a cloud server or a cloud server cluster, etc. The server can be an independent server, or it can be a cloud server that provides basic cloud computing services such as cloud services, cloud databases, cloud computing, cloud functions, cloud storage, network services, cloud communications, middleware services, domain name services, security services, content distribution networks (CDNs), and big data and artificial intelligence platforms.

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present application provides a digital intelligent detection and evaluation method for the integrity of the cement sheath of an old gas well, comprising: extracting the propagation velocity and attenuation velocity of the ultrasonic wave in the cement sheath, the temperature changes and pressure changes at multiple positions of the cement sheath, the relative displacement between the cement sheath and the casing, and the deformation of the cement sheath based on the ultrasonic imaging data of the cement sheath; using a convolutional neural network to analyze the propagation velocity and attenuation velocity, the temperature changes and pressure changes at multiple positions of the cement sheath, the relative displacement between the cement sheath and the casing, and the deformation of the cement sheath, and extracting the cement sheath's bonding interface state, gas channeling risk, displacement efficiency, and crack and pore distribution; establishing a fluid flow model of the drilling fluid based on the collected mechanical properties of the cement sheath and the fluid transmission characteristics of the drilling fluid; and comprehensively scoring the cement sheath based on the cement sheath's bonding interface state, gas channeling risk, displacement efficiency, crack and pore distribution, and the fluid flow model of the drilling fluid.

[0026] Bond quality monitoring: The propagation speed and attenuation of ultrasound waves in the cement sheath are used to assess bond quality. The principle of acoustic elasticity indicates that changes in ultrasound propagation time are directly related to the material's stress state. When the cement bond is incomplete, the sound waves are reflected and scattered at the interface, resulting in longer propagation times and increased energy attenuation.

[0027] Identifying gas channeling risks: Microchannels formed by gas intrusion significantly alter acoustic impedance, allowing the path of gas channeling to be located using acoustic transit time. Alternatively, the localized temperature drop caused by heat absorption from gas expansion can be combined with ultrasonic energy attenuation data to distinguish gas channeling from poor bonding.

[0028] Displacement efficiency assessment: Uncured cement slurry and drilling fluid exhibit significant resistivity differences. Electrode arrays are deployed in the annulus around the wellbore to construct electrical resistivity tomography (ERT), mapping fluid distribution in real time and quantifying the residual drilling fluid fraction. Furthermore, the cement curing process releases heat of hydration, and an array of wellbore temperature sensors captures the temporal and spatial evolution of temperature. Areas of insufficient displacement (e.g., low-temperature zones) exhibit abnormal temperature distribution.

[0029] Crack and pore detection: After micro-cracks caused by gas channeling or stress damage are filled with liquid, the local resistivity decreases, and the leakage point can be located through the dynamic resistivity cloud map.

[0030] Optionally, when extracting the ultrasonic propagation velocity and attenuation velocity of the ultrasonic wave in the cement sheath, temperature and pressure changes at multiple locations within the cement sheath, the relative displacement between the cement sheath and casing, and the deformation of the cement sheath based on ultrasonic imaging data of the cement sheath, a physical field coupling model can be constructed through a neural network, introducing coupling equations with multiple feature fusion mechanisms for data extraction. For example, temperature changes at multiple locations within the cement sheath affect the denaturation of the drilling fluid within the cement sheath, thereby changing the resistivity difference between the cement sheath and the drilling fluid within it; pressure changes at multiple locations within the cement sheath due to factors such as casing shrinkage affect the ultrasonic wave propagation path, resulting in changes in the ultrasonic wave propagation velocity and attenuation velocity within the cement sheath. Data extraction can be performed by establishing models for the corresponding wellbore, cement sheath, and formation. Optionally, when using a convolutional neural network to analyze the propagation velocity and attenuation velocity, temperature changes and pressure changes at multiple locations of the cement sheath, the relative displacement between the cement sheath and the casing, and the deformation of the cement sheath to extract the cementing interface state, gas channeling risk, displacement efficiency, crack and pore distribution of the cement sheath, a correlation mechanism of multiple features can be introduced, such as the impact of the resistivity difference between the cement sheath and the internal drilling fluid and the superposition of temperature changes at multiple locations of the cement sheath on locating high-risk areas for gas channeling.

[0031] The extraction of the cement sheath's bonding interface state, gas channeling risk, displacement efficiency, and crack and pore distribution specifically includes: real-time monitoring of the cement sheath's bonding state based on the propagation speed and attenuation speed of ultrasound in the cement sheath; real-time early warning of gas channeling risk based on temperature and pressure changes at multiple locations of the cement sheath, the relative displacement between the cement sheath and the casing, and deformation of the cement sheath; real-time assessment of the cement sheath's displacement efficiency based on the resistivity difference between the cement sheath and the drilling fluid inside; and identification of the cement sheath's crack and pore distribution using a dynamic resistivity cloud map.

[0032] The real-time monitoring of the bonding state of the cement sheath based on the propagation speed and attenuation speed of the ultrasonic wave in the cement sheath specifically includes: when the propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave in the cement sheath is higher than a first preset speed threshold and the energy attenuation exceeds the first preset energy threshold, complete bonding occurs; when the propagation speed in the cement sheath is lower than a second preset speed threshold and the energy attenuation exceeds the second preset energy threshold, partial bonding occurs; when the propagation speed in the cement sheath is lower than a third preset speed threshold and the energy attenuation exceeds the third preset energy threshold, no bonding occurs at all.

[0033] The method provides a real-time warning of gas channeling risk based on temperature and pressure changes at multiple locations of the cement sheath, the relative displacement between the cement sheath and the casing, and the deformation of the cement sheath. Specifically, a gas channeling risk warning is issued when the temperature change at each location of the cement sheath exceeds a preset temperature change threshold, when the pressure change at each location of the cement sheath exceeds a preset pressure change threshold, when the relative displacement between the cement sheath and the casing exceeds a preset displacement safety threshold, and when the pores inside the cement sheath exceed the size of the cement blank or the deformation rate of the pores exceeds a preset deformation rate threshold.

[0034] The real-time evaluation of the cement sheath displacement efficiency is performed based on the resistivity difference between the cement sheath and the drilling fluid inside. Specifically, the evaluation includes: the appearance of a continuous high-resistivity area in the cement sheath indicates low displacement efficiency; the formation of a low-resistivity area in the drilling fluid surrounded by high-resistivity drilling fluid indicates reduced displacement efficiency; and the asymmetric abnormality of the resistivity distribution indicates reduced displacement efficiency.

[0035] The identification of the distribution of cracks and pores in the cement sheath by using the dynamic resistivity cloud map specifically includes: identifying areas in the dynamic resistivity cloud map that meet a preset low resistivity, identifying areas with linear and continuous distribution as cracks in the cement sheath, and identifying areas with scattered and irregular distribution as pores in the cement sheath.

[0036] The mechanical properties of the cement sheath include the effective stress, pore pressure, porosity and pore size distribution of the cement sheath; the transmission characteristics of the drilling fluid include the seepage velocity, permeability and fluid dynamics of the drilling fluid.

[0037] like Figure 2 As shown, the present invention also provides a system based on the above-mentioned digital intelligent detection and evaluation method for cement sheath integrity in old gas wells, comprising:

[0038] Imaging data extraction module: extracts the propagation speed and attenuation speed of the ultrasonic wave in the cement sheath, the temperature change and pressure change at multiple locations of the cement sheath, the relative displacement between the cement sheath and the casing, and the deformation of the cement sheath based on the ultrasonic imaging data of the cement sheath;

[0039] Imaging data analysis module: uses a convolutional neural network to analyze the propagation velocity and attenuation velocity, temperature and pressure changes at multiple locations on the cement sheath, the relative displacement between the cement sheath and casing, and the deformation of the cement sheath, and extracts the cement sheath's bonding interface state, gas channeling risk, displacement efficiency, and crack and pore distribution;

[0040] Fluid flow modeling module: establishing a fluid flow model of the drilling fluid based on the collected mechanical properties of the cement sheath and the fluid transmission characteristics of the drilling fluid;

[0041] Cement sheath comprehensive scoring module: provides a comprehensive score for the cement sheath based on the cementing interface state, gas channeling risk, displacement efficiency, crack and pore distribution, and the fluid flow model of the drilling fluid.

[0042] In summary, the embodiments of the present application provide a digital intelligent detection and evaluation method and system for cement sheath integrity in old gas wells. Based on the ultrasonic imaging data of the cement sheath, multiple data such as the propagation speed and attenuation speed of ultrasound in the cement sheath, temperature changes and pressure changes at multiple positions, the relative displacement between the cement sheath and the casing, and the deformation of the cement sheath are extracted. A convolutional neural network is used to analyze the propagation speed and attenuation speed, temperature changes and pressure changes at multiple positions of the cement sheath, the relative displacement between the cement sheath and the casing, and the deformation of the cement sheath to extract the cement sheath's bonding interface state, gas channeling risk, displacement efficiency, and crack and pore distribution. At the same time, a fluid flow model of the drilling fluid is established based on the collected mechanical properties of the cement sheath and the fluid transmission characteristics of the drilling fluid. Based on the cement sheath's bonding interface state, gas channeling risk, displacement efficiency, crack and pore distribution, and the fluid flow model of the drilling fluid, the quality of the cement sheath is comprehensively scored by comprehensively collecting and analyzing the microstructural changes, mechanical properties, and fluid flow characteristics of the cement sheath, and a more detailed and accurate detection and evaluation system is established to solve the problem of cement sheath integrity detection in old gas wells.

[0043] The present invention also discloses a computer program product, including a computer program / instructions, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the above-mentioned digital detection and evaluation method for the integrity of the cement ring of old gas wells provided by the present invention. The computer program product should be understood as a software product that mainly implements its solution through a computer program, such as a program product integrated in the cloud or a software library.

[0044] The present invention also discloses an electronic device. In one embodiment, the electronic device includes at least one processor; and a memory connected to the at least one processor; wherein,

[0045] The memory stores a computer program that can be executed by the at least one processor. The computer program is executed by the at least one processor so that the at least one processor can execute the digital intelligent detection and evaluation method for cement sheath integrity of old gas wells provided by the present invention.

[0046] like Figure 3 Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device for implementing a method for digitally detecting and evaluating cement sheath integrity in aged gas wells, according to one embodiment of the present invention. The electronic device may include a processor 10, a memory 11, a communication bus 12, and a communication interface 13. It may also include a computer program stored in the memory 11 and executable on the processor 10, such as a program for the method for digitally detecting and evaluating cement sheath integrity in aged gas wells.

[0047] In some embodiments, the processor 10 may be composed of an integrated circuit, such as a single packaged integrated circuit, or a plurality of packaged integrated circuits with the same or different functions, including one or more central processing units (CPUs), microprocessors, digital processing chips, graphics processors, and a combination of various control chips. The processor 10 is the control core (Control Unit) of the electronic device, connecting the various components of the entire electronic device using various interfaces and circuits. It executes or executes programs or modules stored in the memory 11 (such as executing a digital detection and evaluation method for cement sheath integrity in old gas wells), and calls data stored in the memory 11 to perform various functions of the electronic device and process data.

[0048] The memory 11 includes at least one type of readable storage medium, and the readable storage medium includes a flash memory, a mobile hard disk, a multimedia card, a card-type memory (for example, SD or DX memory, etc.), a magnetic memory, a disk, an optical disk, etc. In some embodiments, the memory 11 may be an internal storage unit of an electronic device, such as a mobile hard disk of the electronic device. In other embodiments, the memory 11 may also be an external storage device of an electronic device, such as a plug-in mobile hard disk, a smart memory card (SmartMediaCard, SMC), a secure digital (SecureDigital, SD) card, a flash card (FlashCard), etc. equipped on the electronic device. Furthermore, the memory 11 may also include both an internal storage unit and an external storage device of the electronic device. The memory 11 can not only be used to store application software and various types of data installed in the electronic device, such as the code of the program for the digital intelligent detection and evaluation method of the integrity of the cement ring of old gas wells, but can also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or is to be output.

[0049] The communication bus 12 may be a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus. The bus may be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. The bus is configured to enable communication between the memory 11 and at least one processor 10, etc.

[0050] The communication interface 13 is used for communication between the above-mentioned electronic device and other devices, including a network interface and a user interface. Optionally, the network interface may include a wired interface and / or a wireless interface (such as a WI-FI interface, a Bluetooth interface, etc.), which is generally used to establish a communication connection between the electronic device and other electronic devices. The user interface may be a display (Display), an input unit (such as a keyboard Keyboard), optionally, the user interface may also be a standard wired interface, a wireless interface. Optionally, in some embodiments, the display may be an LED display, a liquid crystal display, a touch-sensitive liquid crystal display, and an OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode, organic light-emitting diode) touch device, etc. Among them, the display may also be appropriately referred to as a display screen or a display unit, for displaying information processed in the electronic device and for displaying a visual user interface.

[0051] Figure 3 Only the electronic device with components is shown, and it can be understood by those skilled in the art that Figure 3 The structure shown does not limit the electronic device, and may include fewer or more components than shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or arrange the components differently.

[0052] For example, although not shown, the electronic device may further include a power source (such as a battery) for powering various components. Preferably, the power source may be logically connected to at least one processor 10 via a power management device, thereby implementing functions such as charge management, discharge management, and power consumption management through the power management device. The power source may further include any components such as one or more DC or AC power sources, a recharging device, a power failure detection circuit, a power converter or inverter, a power status indicator, etc. The electronic device may also include various sensors, Bluetooth modules, Wi-Fi modules, etc., which will not be described in detail here.

[0053] It should be understood that the embodiment is for illustration only and the scope of the patent application is not limited to this structure.

[0054] Furthermore, if the module / unit integrated into the electronic device is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium can be volatile or non-volatile. For example, the computer-readable medium may include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, a recording medium, a USB flash drive, a mobile hard drive, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a computer memory, or a read-only memory (ROM).

[0055] Throughout this specification, reference to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," "one implementation," "a preferred implementation," or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with that embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0056] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A digital intelligent detection and evaluation method for cement sheath integrity in old gas wells, characterized by: include: Extracting the propagation speed and attenuation speed of the ultrasonic wave in the cement sheath, the temperature change and pressure change at multiple locations of the cement sheath, the relative displacement between the cement sheath and the casing, and the deformation of the cement sheath based on the ultrasonic imaging data of the cement sheath; A convolutional neural network is used to analyze the propagation velocity and attenuation velocity, temperature and pressure changes at multiple locations of the cement sheath, the relative displacement between the cement sheath and the casing, and the deformation of the cement sheath to extract the cementing interface state, gas channeling risk, displacement efficiency, and crack and pore distribution of the cement sheath. establishing a fluid flow model of the drilling fluid based on the collected mechanical properties of the cement sheath and the fluid transmission characteristics of the drilling fluid; The cement sheath is comprehensively scored based on the cementing interface state, gas channeling risk, displacement efficiency, crack and pore distribution, and the fluid flow model of the drilling fluid.

2. The digital intelligent detection and evaluation method for cement sheath integrity of old gas wells according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The extraction of cement sheath bonding interface status, gas channeling risk, displacement efficiency, crack and pore distribution specifically includes: According to the propagation speed and attenuation speed of ultrasonic waves in the cement sheath, the bonding state of the cement sheath is monitored in real time; Based on the temperature and pressure changes at multiple locations of the cement sheath, the relative displacement between the cement sheath and casing, and the deformation of the cement sheath, a real-time warning of gas channeling risks is provided; According to the resistivity difference between the cement sheath and the drilling fluid inside, the cement sheath displacement efficiency is evaluated in real time; The cracks and pore distribution of the cement sheath are identified through dynamic resistivity cloud images.

3. The digital intelligent detection and evaluation method for cement sheath integrity of old gas wells according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The real-time monitoring of the cement sheath bonding state based on the propagation speed and attenuation speed of the ultrasonic wave in the cement sheath specifically includes: When the propagation speed of ultrasound in the cement sheath is higher than the first preset speed threshold and the energy attenuation exceeds the first preset energy threshold, complete bonding occurs; when the propagation speed in the cement sheath is lower than the second preset speed threshold and the energy attenuation exceeds the second preset energy threshold, partial bonding occurs; when the propagation speed in the cement sheath is lower than the third preset speed threshold and the energy attenuation exceeds the third preset energy threshold, no bonding occurs at all.

4. The digital intelligent detection and evaluation method for cement sheath integrity of old gas wells according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The method of providing a real-time warning of gas channeling risk based on temperature and pressure changes at multiple locations of the cement sheath, the relative displacement between the cement sheath and the casing, and the deformation of the cement sheath specifically includes: When the temperature change at each position of the cement sheath exceeds the preset temperature change threshold, when the pressure change at each position of the cement sheath exceeds the preset pressure change threshold, when the relative displacement between the cement sheath and the casing exceeds the preset displacement safety threshold, and when the pores inside the cement sheath exceed the size of the cement blank or the deformation rate of the pores exceeds the preset deformation rate threshold, a gas channeling risk warning will be issued respectively.

5. The digital intelligent detection and evaluation method for cement sheath integrity of old gas wells according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The real-time evaluation of the cement sheath displacement efficiency based on the resistivity difference between the cement sheath and the drilling fluid inside includes: The presence of continuous areas of high resistivity in the cement sheath indicates low displacement efficiency; The formation of low resistivity areas in the drilling fluid, surrounded by high resistivity drilling fluid, indicates reduced displacement efficiency; The resistivity distribution shows an asymmetric anomaly, indicating that the displacement efficiency is reduced.

6. The digital intelligent detection and evaluation method for cement sheath integrity of old gas wells according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The identification of cracks and pore distribution in the cement sheath by using the dynamic resistivity cloud map specifically includes: Identify areas that meet the preset low resistivity in the dynamic resistivity cloud map, identify linear and continuous areas as cracks in the cement sheath, and identify scattered and irregular areas as pores in the cement sheath.

7. The digital intelligent detection and evaluation method for cement sheath integrity of old gas wells according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The mechanical properties of the cement sheath include the effective stress, pore pressure, porosity and pore size distribution of the cement sheath; the transmission characteristics of the drilling fluid include the seepage velocity, permeability and fluid dynamics of the drilling fluid.

8. A digital intelligent detection and evaluation system for cement sheath integrity in old gas wells, characterized by: include: Imaging data extraction module: extracts the propagation speed and attenuation speed of the ultrasonic wave in the cement sheath, the temperature change and pressure change at multiple locations of the cement sheath, the relative displacement between the cement sheath and the casing, and the deformation of the cement sheath based on the ultrasonic imaging data of the cement sheath; Imaging data analysis module: uses a convolutional neural network to analyze the propagation velocity and attenuation velocity, temperature and pressure changes at multiple locations on the cement sheath, the relative displacement between the cement sheath and casing, and the deformation of the cement sheath, and extracts the cement sheath's bonding interface state, gas channeling risk, displacement efficiency, and crack and pore distribution; Fluid flow modeling module: establishing a fluid flow model of the drilling fluid based on the collected mechanical properties of the cement sheath and the fluid transmission characteristics of the drilling fluid; Cement sheath comprehensive scoring module: provides a comprehensive score for the cement sheath based on the cementing interface state, gas channeling risk, displacement efficiency, crack and pore distribution, and the fluid flow model of the drilling fluid.

9. A computer program product comprising a computer program / instructions, characterized in that When the computer program / instruction is executed by a processor, the steps of the method for digital intelligent detection and evaluation of cement sheath integrity in old gas wells as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that: The electronic device comprises: At least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein the memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor, and the computer program is executed by the at least one processor so that the at least one processor can execute a method for digitally detecting and evaluating the integrity of cement sheath in old gas wells as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

Images