Highway tunnel construction settlement measuring equipment and measuring method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of construction measurement, and discloses highway tunnel construction settlement measurement equipment and a highway tunnel construction settlement measurement method.The highway tunnel construction settlement measurement equipment comprises a long insertion rod; a positioning mechanism; the root-shaped extension structures in the extended state are used for expanding the contact area of the combination of the long insertion rods and the soil; the plurality of anti-blocking mechanisms are respectively arranged at the openings of the corresponding root-shaped extension structures, and when the anti-blocking mechanisms are in an expansion state, the anti-blocking mechanisms are in contact with the outer walls of the root-shaped extension structures; a plurality of telescopic root-shaped extension structures are additionally arranged on the long insertion rod, after the long insertion rod is inserted into the ground by a set depth, the multiple root-shaped extension structures are driven to extend in multiple directions in the ground through external pressure, and a structure similar to a tree root shape is formed to form a strong combination state with a soil layer; the stability of the whole measuring equipment can be effectively improved, and error data are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of construction measurement, and more particularly to a road tunnel construction settlement measurement device and a measurement method. Background Art

[0002] When roads pass through mountains or other obstacles, they often use bored tunnels to cross them. During shield tunneling, the excavation process often disturbs the soil surrounding the tunnel, causing it to creep toward the free surface. To promptly monitor ground deformation during shield excavation, an appropriate monitoring solution must be adopted. During shield tunneling, the disturbance of the surrounding soil inevitably causes ground settlement and deformation. A common practice is to deploy surface settlement monitoring points above the shield tunneling line. This measurement allows for the determination of ground settlement changes, which can then be used to adjust shield tunneling parameters and scientifically guide construction.

[0003] Currently, common settlement monitoring equipment mostly uses a long rod that is directly inserted into the ground at the monitoring point to a set depth. The three-dimensional spatial positioning device is then installed on the long rod to obtain real-time ground settlement data at the monitoring point. However, the long rod is easily affected by geological changes and produces biased data. For example, heavy rainfall causes loose soil, sliding, or the activity of underground animals causes soil displacement, which can cause the long rod to deflect at an angle or the equipment to settle, resulting in erroneous data and greatly affecting the progress of tunnel construction. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a highway tunnel construction settlement measurement device and a measurement method in order to solve the above problems.

[0005] The present invention provides a highway tunnel construction settlement measurement device, comprising:

[0006] A long insertion rod, which is used to be inserted into the soil and form a limited connection with the soil;

[0007] a positioning mechanism, the positioning mechanism being detachably connected to an end of the long insertion rod located outside the soil, the positioning mechanism being used to obtain three-dimensional coordinate data of the end of the long insertion rod located outside the soil;

[0008] A plurality of root-like extension structures, each of which is evenly distributed on the long insertion rod along a spiral path, each of which is detachably connected to an external pressure device. When the external pressure device introduces a medium into the plurality of root-like extension structures, the plurality of root-like extension structures are in an extended state. The root-like extension structures in the extended state are used to expand the contact area between the long insertion rod and the soil;

[0009] A plurality of anti-blocking mechanisms are respectively arranged at the openings of the corresponding root-shaped extension structures, and the anti-blocking mechanisms are in contact with the outer walls of the root-shaped extension structures when the anti-blocking mechanisms are in an expanded state.

[0010] As a further optimization scheme of the present application, the root-shaped extension structure comprises a receiving groove arranged on the long insertion rod, a first telescopic tube and a second telescopic tube fixedly connected to the inner wall of the receiving groove, and a drill bit arranged in the receiving groove, the other ends of the first telescopic tube and the second telescopic tube are fixedly connected to the drill bit, a sealed chamber one is formed between the second telescopic tube, the drill bit and the inner wall of the receiving groove, a sealed chamber two is formed between the first telescopic tube, the second telescopic tube, the drill bit and the receiving groove, and a plurality of cavities one are arranged in the inside of the long insertion rod, the sealed chamber one and the sealed chamber two are communicated with the plurality of cavities one.

[0011] As a further optimization scheme of the present application, the anti-blocking mechanism comprises a ring groove arranged at the opening of the receiving groove and a capsule fixedly connected to the inner wall of the ring groove, and a plurality of cavities two are arranged in the inside of the long insertion rod, and the inner spaces of the plurality of capsules are communicated with the plurality of cavities two.

[0012] As a further optimization scheme of the present application, an emergency control mechanism one is further included, the emergency control mechanism one comprises a one-way air pumping assembly one and a multi-way connecting assembly one arranged on the one-way air pumping assembly one, and the inner spaces of the outer pressure device and the one-way air pumping assembly one are communicated with the plurality of cavities one through the multi-way connecting assembly one.

[0013] As a further optimization scheme of the present application, the one-way air pumping assembly one comprises a fixed ring one fixedly connected to the long insertion rod, a sliding ring one slidingly sleeved on the long insertion rod, a third telescopic tube and a fourth telescopic tube connected between the fixed ring one and the sliding ring one, a plurality of handles one hinged on the sliding ring one, a perforation one arranged on the sliding ring one, a partition one fixedly connected to the inner wall of the perforation one, an air hole one arranged on the partition one, a plastic sealing sheet one connected to the end face of the air hole one close to the fixed ring one, a groove one arranged on the fixed ring one, a partition two fixedly connected to the inner wall of the groove one, an air hole two arranged on the partition two, and a plastic sealing sheet two connected to the end face of the partition two away from the sliding ring one, the plastic sealing sheet one covers the air hole one, and only one side edge region of the plastic sealing sheet one is fixedly connected to the air hole one, the plastic sealing sheet two covers the air hole two, and only one side edge region of the plastic sealing sheet two is fixedly connected to the partition two, a pumping chamber one is formed between the fixed ring one, the sliding ring one, the third telescopic tube and the fourth telescopic tube, and the groove one is communicated with the multi-way connecting assembly one.

[0014] As a further optimization scheme of the present application, the multi-way connecting assembly comprises a three-way channel one arranged on the fixing ring one and a plug one detachably connected at a port one of the three-way channel one, and the port two and the port three of the three-way channel one are communicated with the groove one and the multi-way cavity one respectively.

[0015] As a further optimization scheme of the present application, the emergency control mechanism two comprises a one-way air pumping assembly two and a multi-way connecting assembly two arranged on the one-way air pumping assembly two, and the external pressure device and the internal space of the one-way air pumping assembly two are communicated with the multi-way cavity two through the multi-way connecting assembly two.

[0016] As a further optimization scheme of the present application, the one-way air pumping assembly two comprises a fixing ring two fixedly connected on the long insertion rod, a sliding ring two slidingly sleeved on the long insertion rod, a telescopic tube five and a telescopic tube six connected between the fixing ring two and the sliding ring two, a plurality of handles two hingedly connected on the sliding ring two, a perforation two arranged on the sliding ring two, a partition three fixedly connected on the inner wall of the perforation two, an air hole three arranged on the partition three, a plastic sealing sheet three connected on the end face of the air hole three close to the fixing ring two, a groove two arranged on the fixing ring two, a partition four fixedly connected on the inner wall of the groove two, an air hole four arranged on the partition four, and a plastic sealing sheet four connected on the end face of the partition four away from the sliding ring two, the plastic sealing sheet three covers the air hole three, and only one side edge region of the plastic sealing sheet three is fixedly connected with the air hole three, the plastic sealing sheet four covers the air hole four, and only one side edge region of the plastic sealing sheet four is fixedly connected with the partition four, a pumping cavity two is formed between the fixing ring two, the sliding ring two, the telescopic tube five and the telescopic tube six, and the groove two is communicated with the multi-way connecting assembly two.

[0017] As a further optimization scheme of the present application, the multi-way connecting assembly two comprises a three-way channel two arranged on the fixing ring two and a plug two detachably connected at a port one of the three-way channel two, and the port two and the port three of the three-way channel two are communicated with the groove two and the multi-way cavity two respectively.

[0018] A highway tunnel construction settlement measurement method adopts a highway tunnel construction settlement measurement device, and comprises the following steps:

[0019] Step 100, driving the long insertion rod into the soil at the set monitoring point to a set depth;

[0020] Step 200, introducing medium into the plurality of root-like extension structures through the external pressure device until the medium pressure in the plurality of root-like extension structures reaches a set value, then stopping, plugging the connection between the plurality of root-like extension structures and the external pressure device, and disconnecting the connection with the external pressure device;

[0021] Step 300: Install the positioning mechanism on the end of the long rod located outside the soil, and obtain the initial three-dimensional coordinate positioning data of the end of the long rod located outside the soil. During the construction phase, obtain the initial three-dimensional coordinate positioning data of the end of the long rod located outside the soil once at a set time interval.

[0022] The beneficial effect of the present invention is that: the present invention adds multiple retractable root-like extension structures on the long insertion rod. After the long insertion rod is inserted into the ground to a set depth, the multiple root-like extension structures are driven by external pressure to extend in multiple directions underground, forming a structure similar to a tree root, which forms a strong bonding state with the soil layer, thereby expanding the single-point bonding into a multi-point bonding, which can effectively improve the stability of the overall measuring equipment and reduce the generation of error data. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 The present invention Figure 1 A partial cross-sectional view of

[0025] Figure 3 The present invention Figure 1 Magnified view at point A in the middle;

[0026] Figure 4 The present invention Figure 2 Magnified view at point B in the middle;

[0027] Figure 5 The present invention Figure 2 Enlarged view at center C;

[0028] Figure 6 The present invention Figure 2 Magnified view at point D in the middle.

[0029] In the figure: 1. Long insertion rod; 2. Positioning mechanism; 3. Root-shaped extension structure; 301. Storage groove; 302. Telescopic tube 1; 303. Telescopic tube 2; 304. Drill bit; 4. Anti-blocking mechanism; 401. Ring groove; 402. Capsule; 5. Emergency control mechanism 1; 501. Fixed ring 1; 502. Sliding ring 1; 503. Telescopic tube 3; 504. Handle 1; 505. Telescopic tube 4; 506. Perforation 1; 507. Partition 1; 508. Air hole 1; 509. Plastic sealing sheet 1; 510. Groove 1; 511. Partition 2; 512. Air hole 2 ; 513, plastic sealing piece two; 514, three-way channel one; 515, plug one; 516, multi-connected cavity one; 6, emergency control mechanism two; 601, fixed ring two; 602, sliding ring two; 603, telescopic tube five; 604, handle two; 605, telescopic tube six; 606, perforation two; 607, partition three; 608, air hole three; 609, plastic sealing piece three; 610, groove two; 611, partition four; 612, air hole four; 613, plastic sealing piece four; 614, three-way channel two; 615, plug two; 616, multi-connected cavity two. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The subject matter described herein will now be discussed with reference to example embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are discussed solely to enable those skilled in the art to better understand and implement the subject matter described herein. Additionally, features described with respect to some examples may also be combined in other examples.

[0031] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, a highway tunnel construction settlement measurement device includes:

[0032] A long insertion rod 1, which is used to be inserted into the soil and form a limited connection with the soil;

[0033] A positioning mechanism 2, the positioning mechanism 2 being detachably connected to the end of the long insertion rod 1 located outside the soil, and the positioning mechanism 2 being used to obtain three-dimensional coordinate data of the end of the long insertion rod 1 located outside the soil;

[0034] A plurality of root-like extension structures 3, wherein the plurality of root-like extension structures 3 are evenly distributed on the long insertion rod 1 along a spiral path, and the plurality of root-like extension structures 3 are detachably connected to the external pressure device. When the external pressure device introduces a medium into the plurality of root-like extension structures 3, the plurality of root-like extension structures 3 are in an extended state. The root-like extension structures 3 in the extended state are used to expand the contact area between the long insertion rod 1 and the soil;

[0035] Several anti-blocking mechanisms 4 are provided at the openings of corresponding root-like extension structures 3. When in an expanded state, the anti-blocking mechanisms 4 contact the outer wall of the root-like extension structure 3. The positioning mechanism 2 includes a power storage module, a GPS module, a control circuit board, a communication module, etc. This is conventional technology, and its specific model and setting parameters such as the expansion slot are not detailed here.

[0036] It should be noted that when performing settlement measurement, the long insertion rod 1 is driven into the soil at the set monitoring point to a set depth;

[0037] Introducing a medium into the plurality of root-like extension structures 3 through an external pressure device until the medium pressure in the plurality of root-like extension structures 3 reaches a set value, then stopping and sealing the connection between the plurality of root-like extension structures 3 and the external pressure device, and disconnecting the connection with the external pressure device;

[0038] The positioning mechanism 2 is installed on the end of the long rod 1 located outside the soil, and the initial three-dimensional coordinate positioning data of the end of the long rod 1 located outside the soil is obtained. During the construction phase, the initial three-dimensional coordinate positioning data of the end of the long rod 1 located outside the soil is obtained once at set intervals;

[0039] After the construction is completed, the medium is introduced into the plurality of anti-blocking mechanisms 4 through the external pressure device until the medium pressure in the plurality of anti-blocking mechanisms 4 reaches the set value, the connection between the plurality of anti-blocking mechanisms 4 and the external pressure device is blocked, and the connection with the external pressure device is disconnected. Then, the medium in the plurality of root-like extension structures 3 is extracted through the external pressure device. After the extraction, the connection between the plurality of root-like extension structures 3 and the external pressure device is blocked, and the connection with the external pressure device is disconnected.

[0040] The long insertion rod 1 can be pulled out from the soil and then used in subsequent measurement processes.

[0041] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 6 As shown, the root-shaped extension structure 3 includes a receiving groove 301 provided on the long insertion rod 1, a telescopic tube 1 302 and a telescopic tube 2 303 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the receiving groove 301, and a drill bit 304 provided in the receiving groove 301, the other ends of the telescopic tube 1 302 and the telescopic tube 2 303 are fixedly connected to the drill bit 304, a sealed chamber 1 is formed between the telescopic tube 2 303, the drill bit 304 and the inner wall of the receiving groove 301, a sealed chamber 2 is formed between the telescopic tube 1 302, the telescopic tube 2 303, the drill bit 304 and the receiving groove 301, and a multi-link cavity 1 305 is provided inside the long insertion rod 1, and the sealed cavity 1 and the sealed cavity 2 are both connected to the multi-link cavity 1 305.

[0042] It should be noted that, as mentioned above, after the long insertion rod 1 is inserted into the soil to a set depth, all the root-like extension structures 3 are in the soil. At this time, the input end of the multi-chamber channel 1 305 can be connected to a check valve or a controllable valve, and the connection method is a threaded connection. Then, the output pipe of the external pressure device is connected to the input end of the check valve or the controllable valve, and the connection method is a threaded connection. After the connection is completed, air is pumped into the external pressure device. The air can be continuously input into the multi-chamber channel 1 305 and finally enter the corresponding sealed chamber 1 and sealed chamber 2. The air pressure begins to push the drill bit 304 toward the soil outside the long insertion rod 1 and pulls the telescopic tube 1 302 and the telescopic tube 2 303 to start extending synchronously. During this extension process, obstacles such as hard stones or clods of earth may appear in the soil, hindering the drill bit 304. The moving path of the drill bit 304, at this time, under the continuous push of the air pressure, can generate component forces in other directions under the action of thrust and resistance, and extend along the direction of the component forces, forming an extension process similar to the growth of tree roots, so that the telescopic tube 1 302 and the telescopic tube 2 303 can be stretched to the longest state, and the outer wall of the telescopic tube 1 302 is uneven, which can maximize the binding force with the soil, and when the set pressure is generated in the sealed chamber 1 and the sealed chamber 2, the telescopic tube 1 302 and the telescopic tube 2 303 are in an expanded and taut state, which can provide a stable limiting force for the long insertion rod 1, so that most of the areas around the long insertion rod 1 can be effectively combined into one, thereby reducing the possibility of displacement of the long insertion rod 1 when the soil is loose, and effectively improving the accuracy of the positioning mechanism 2 in acquiring data.

[0043] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 6 As shown, the anti-blocking mechanism 4 includes an annular groove 401 provided at the opening of the receiving groove 301 and a capsule 402 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the annular groove 401. A multi-linked cavity 2 403 is provided inside the long insertion rod 1, and the internal spaces of several capsules 402 are connected to the multi-linked cavity 2 403.

[0044] It should be noted that in order to improve the recycling capacity of the equipment, after the construction is completed, the air in the sealed chamber 1 and the sealed chamber 2 can be extracted again through the external pressure device, so that the telescopic tube 1 302 and the telescopic tube 2 303 are retracted into the receiving tank 301 under the action of negative pressure. However, since the outer wall of the telescopic tube 1 302 is in direct contact with the soil, it will carry the soil when it retracts. At this time, the air can be introduced into the multi-link cavity 2 403 through the external pressure device first, so that the capsule 402 expands and bulges, and contacts the outer wall of the telescopic tube 1 302. At this time, , which can effectively isolate a large amount of soil outside the receiving groove 301, so that only a small amount of soil moves into the receiving groove 301 along with the telescopic tube 1 302. This part of the soil does not affect the final movement of the drill bit 304 into the receiving groove 301. However, after the long insertion rod 1 is pulled out, the gap between the telescopic tube 1 302 and the receiving groove 301 needs to be fully cleaned to prevent this part of the soil from drying and adhering to the telescopic tube 1 302. Long-term soil accumulation may make it impossible for the telescopic tube 1 302 to be completely recovered into the receiving groove 301.

[0045] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, it also includes an emergency regulation mechanism 5, which includes a one-way pump air component 1 and a multi-way connection component 1 arranged on the one-way pump air component 1. The internal spaces of the external pressure equipment and the one-way pump air component 1 are connected to the multi-link cavity 1 305 through the multi-way connection component 1.

[0046] The one-way pump air assembly includes a fixed ring 501 fixedly connected to the long insertion rod 1, a sliding ring 502 slidingly sleeved on the long insertion rod 1, a telescopic tube 3 503 and a telescopic tube 4 505 connected between the fixed ring 501 and the sliding ring 502, a plurality of handles 504 hinged on the sliding ring 502, a through hole 506 provided on the sliding ring 502, a partition 507 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the through hole 506, an air hole 508 provided on the partition 507, a plastic sealing sheet 509 connected to the end face of the air hole 508 close to the fixed ring 501, a groove 510 provided on the fixed ring 501, and a handle 504 fixedly connected to the through hole 506. Partition 2 511 on the inner wall of groove 1 510, air hole 2 512 provided on partition 2 511 and plastic sealing sheet 2 513 connected to the end face of partition 2 511 away from sliding ring 1 502, plastic sealing sheet 1 509 covers air hole 1 508, and only one side area of ​​plastic sealing sheet 1 509 is fixedly connected to air hole 1 508, plastic sealing sheet 2 513 covers air hole 2 512, and only one side area of ​​plastic sealing sheet 2 513 is fixedly connected to partition 2 511, a pump air chamber 1 is formed between fixed ring 1 501, sliding ring 1 502, telescopic tube 3 503 and telescopic tube 4 505, and groove 1 510 is connected to multi-way connecting component 1.

[0047] The multi-way connection assembly includes a three-way channel 514 provided on a fixing ring 501 and a plug 515 detachably connected to one end of the three-way channel 514. Ports 2 and 3 of the three-way channel 514 are connected to the groove 510 and the multi-connected cavity 305 respectively.

[0048] It should be noted that, as mentioned above, in order to improve the emergency performance of the equipment, if the external pressure equipment suddenly fails and cannot effectively pump in air, the handle 1 504 can be rotated to the appropriate position, and then the sliding ring 1 502 can be driven to move up and down by holding the handle 1 504, so that the volume of the pump air chamber 1 is continuously increased and decreased. In the process of increasing the volume of the pump air chamber 1, a negative pressure is generated inside it. The negative pressure acts on the plastic sealing piece 2 513, which can make the plastic sealing piece 2 513 tightly cover the air hole 2 512. When acting on the plastic sealing piece 1 509, the area of ​​the plastic sealing piece 1 509 that is not connected to the air hole 1 508 will bend toward the inside of the pump air chamber 1, so that the air hole 1 508 is in a conductive state, and external air can be drawn into the pump air chamber 1. When the volume of the pump air chamber 1 is reduced, a positive pressure is generated inside it. The positive pressure acts on the plastic sealing piece 1 509, which will make the plastic sealing piece The first 509 tightly covers the air hole 508, and when it acts on the plastic sealing piece 2 513, it will bend toward the three-way channel 1 514, so that the pump gas chamber 1 is connected to the three-way channel 1 514. At this time, the port 1 of the three-way channel 1 514 connected to the external pressure device is blocked by the plug 1 515. The gas can only flow along the three-way channel 1 514 toward its port 3 to the multi-connected cavity 1 305, thereby pressing the gas into the corresponding sealed chamber 1 and the sealing chamber 1. In chamber two, until the air can no longer be pressed in manually, that is, when the sliding ring 502 moves downward and encounters greater resistance, it can be determined that the construction status has met the standards. In this embodiment, if the external pressure equipment is not faulty, the plug 515 can be removed from the port of the three-way channel 514 and connected to the external pressure equipment to carry out the process of pumping air in. When extracting the air, the air hole 508 needs to be sealed with a covering to extract the air in the sealed chamber one and the sealed chamber two.

[0049] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, it also includes an emergency control mechanism 2 6, which includes a one-way pump air component 2 and a multi-way connection component 2 arranged on the one-way pump air component 2. The internal space of the external pressure equipment and the one-way pump air component 2 are both connected to the multi-link cavity 2 403 through the multi-way connection component 2.

[0050] The one-way pump air assembly 2 includes a fixed ring 2 601 fixedly connected to the long insertion rod 1, a sliding ring 2 602 slidingly sleeved on the long insertion rod 1, a telescopic tube 5 603 and a telescopic tube 605 connected between the fixed ring 2 601 and the sliding ring 2 602, a plurality of handles 2 604 hinged on the sliding ring 2 602, a through hole 2 606 provided on the sliding ring 2 602, a partition 3 607 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the through hole 2 606, an air hole 3 608 provided on the partition 3 607, a plastic sealing sheet 3 609 connected to the end face of the air hole 3 608 close to the fixed ring 2 601, a groove 2 610 provided on the fixed ring 2 601, a fixed connection Partition four 611 on the inner wall of groove two 610, air hole four 612 provided on partition four 611 and plastic sealing piece four 613 connected to the end face of partition four 611 away from sliding ring two 602, plastic sealing piece three 609 covers air hole three 608, and only one side area of ​​plastic sealing piece three 609 is fixedly connected to air hole three 608, plastic sealing piece four 613 covers air hole four 612, and only one side area of ​​plastic sealing piece four 613 is fixedly connected to partition four 611, pump air chamber two is formed between fixed ring two 601, sliding ring two 602, telescopic tube five 603 and telescopic tube six 605, and groove two 610 is connected to multi-way connection component two.

[0051] The multi-way connection component 2 includes a three-way channel 2 614 provided on the fixing ring 2 601 and a plug 2 615 detachably connected to one port of the three-way channel 2 614. The port 2 and port 3 of the three-way channel 2 614 are respectively connected to the groove 2 610 and the multi-link cavity 2 403.

[0052] It should be noted that, as mentioned above, the working principle of the emergency control mechanism 2 6 is the same as that of the emergency control mechanism 1 5, both of which are for improving the emergency performance of the equipment. For example, when the external pressure equipment fails suddenly and cannot effectively pump in air, the handle 2 604 can be rotated to a suitable position, and then the sliding ring 2 602 can be driven to move up and down by holding the handle 2 604, so that the volume of the pump air chamber 2 is continuously increased and decreased. In the process of increasing the volume of the pump air chamber 2, negative pressure is generated inside it, and the negative pressure acts on the plastic seal. When the plastic sealing sheet 4 613 is on the sealing sheet 4 613, the plastic sealing sheet 4 613 can cover the air hole 4 612 tightly. When it acts on the plastic sealing sheet 3 609, the area of ​​the plastic sealing sheet 3 609 that is not connected to the air hole 3 608 will bend toward the inside of the pumping air chamber 2, so that the air hole 3 608 is in a conductive state, and external air can be sucked into the pumping air chamber 2. When the volume of the pumping air chamber 2 is reduced, positive pressure is generated inside it. This positive pressure acts on the plastic sealing sheet 3 609, which will make the plastic sealing sheet 3 609 tightly closed. When the plastic sealing piece 4 613 covers the air hole 3 608 and acts on the plastic sealing piece 4 613, it will bend toward the three-way channel 2 614, so that the pump air chamber 2 is connected to the three-way channel 2 614. At this time, the port 1 of the three-way channel 2 614 connected to the external pressure device is blocked by the plug 2 615. The gas can only flow along the three-way channel 2 614 toward its port 3 to the multi-link cavity 2 403, thereby pressing the gas into the corresponding capsule 402. At this time, the number of reciprocating movements of the sliding ring 2 602 can be used to judge whether the gas chamber 2 is connected to the three-way channel 2 614. The air pressure intensity in the bladder 402 is controlled so that the bladder 402 can contact the surface of the telescopic tube 302 without affecting the retraction of the telescopic tube 302. In this embodiment, if the external pressure device is not faulty, the second plug 615 can be removed from the port of the second three-way channel 614 and connected to the external pressure device to start the process of pumping air in. When extracting air, it is also necessary to seal the third air hole 608 with a covering to extract the air in the bladder 402. The covering can be made of objects such as tape.

[0053] The above describes this embodiment, but this embodiment is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation methods. The above-mentioned specific implementation methods are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Ordinary technicians in this field can also make many forms based on the inspiration of this embodiment, all of which are protected by this embodiment.

Claims

1. A road tunnel construction settlement measurement device, characterized in that: include: A long insertion rod (1), the long insertion rod (1) being used for being inserted into the soil and forming a limiting connection with the soil; A positioning mechanism (2), the positioning mechanism (2) being detachably connected to one end of the long insertion rod (1) located outside the soil, the positioning mechanism (2) being used to obtain three-dimensional coordinate data of the one end of the long insertion rod (1) located outside the soil; A plurality of root-like extension structures (3), wherein the plurality of root-like extension structures (3) are evenly distributed on the long insertion rod (1) along a spiral path, and the plurality of root-like extension structures (3) are all detachably connected to the external pressure device. When the external pressure device introduces a medium into the plurality of root-like extension structures (3), the plurality of root-like extension structures (3) are all in an extended state. The root-like extension structures (3) in the extended state are used to expand the contact area between the long insertion rod (1) and the soil. A plurality of anti-blocking mechanisms (4) are respectively arranged at the openings of corresponding root-shaped extension structures (3); when the anti-blocking mechanisms (4) are in an expanded state, the anti-blocking mechanisms (4) are in contact with the outer wall of the root-shaped extension structure (3).

2. A highway tunnel construction settlement measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The root-shaped extension structure (3) comprises a receiving groove (301) provided on the long insertion rod (1), a telescopic tube 1 (302) and a telescopic tube 2 (303) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the receiving groove (301), and a drill bit (304) provided in the receiving groove (301), the other ends of the telescopic tube 1 (302) and the telescopic tube 2 (303) are fixedly connected to the drill bit (304), a sealed chamber 1 is formed between the telescopic tube 2 (303), the drill bit (304) and the inner wall of the receiving groove (301), and a sealed chamber 2 is formed between the telescopic tube 1 (302), the telescopic tube 2 (303), the drill bit (304) and the receiving groove (301), and a multi-linked cavity 1 (305) is provided inside the long insertion rod (1), and the sealed cavity 1 and the sealed cavity 2 are both connected to the multi-linked cavity 1 (305).

3. A highway tunnel construction settlement measurement device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The anti-blocking mechanism (4) comprises an annular groove (401) provided at the opening of the receiving groove (301) and a capsule (402) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the annular groove (401); a multi-linked cavity (403) is provided inside the long insertion rod (1); and the internal spaces of the plurality of capsules (402) are all in communication with the multi-linked cavity (403).

4. A highway tunnel construction settlement measurement device according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes an emergency regulating mechanism (5), which includes a one-way pump air component and a multi-way connection component provided on the one-way pump air component. The internal spaces of the external pressure device and the one-way pump air component are both connected to the multi-link cavity (305) through the multi-way connection component.

5. A highway tunnel construction settlement measurement device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The one-way pump air assembly comprises a fixed ring (501) fixedly connected to the long insertion rod (1), a sliding ring (502) slidingly sleeved on the long insertion rod (1), a telescopic tube (503) and a telescopic tube (505) connected between the fixed ring (501) and the sliding ring (502), a plurality of handles (504) hinged on the sliding ring (502), a through hole (506) provided on the sliding ring (502), a partition (507) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the through hole (506), an air hole (508) provided on the partition (507), a plastic sealing sheet (509) connected to the end face of the air hole (508) close to the fixed ring (501), a groove (510) provided on the fixed ring (501), a plastic sealing sheet (509) fixedly connected to the groove A partition plate 2 (511) on the inner wall of the first (510), an air hole 2 (512) provided on the partition plate 2 (511), and a plastic sealing sheet 2 (513) connected to the end face of the partition plate 2 (511) away from the sliding ring 1 (502), the plastic sealing sheet 1 (509) covers the air hole 1 (508), and only one side edge area of ​​the plastic sealing sheet 1 (509) is fixedly connected to the air hole 1 (508), the plastic sealing sheet 2 (513) covers the air hole 2 (512), and only one side edge area of ​​the plastic sealing sheet 2 (513) is fixedly connected to the partition plate 2 (511), a pump air chamber 1 is formed between the fixing ring 1 (501), the sliding ring 1 (502), the telescopic tube 3 (503) and the telescopic tube 4 (505), and the groove 1 (510) is connected to the multi-way connecting component 1.

6. A highway tunnel construction settlement measurement device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The multi-way connection assembly 1 includes a three-way channel 1 (514) provided on a fixing ring 1 (501) and a plug 1 (515) detachably connected to one end of the three-way channel 1 (514). Port 2 and port 3 of the three-way channel 1 (514) are respectively connected to the groove 1 (510) and the multi-link cavity 1 (305).

7. A highway tunnel construction settlement measurement device according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes an emergency control mechanism 2 (6), which includes a one-way pump air component 2 and a multi-way connection component 2 arranged on the one-way pump air component 2. The internal spaces of the external pressure device and the one-way pump air component 2 are both connected to the multi-link cavity 2 (403) through the multi-way connection component 2.

8. A road tunnel construction settlement measurement device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The one-way pump air assembly 2 comprises a fixing ring 2 (601) fixedly connected to the long plug rod (1), a sliding ring 2 (602) slidingly sleeved on the long plug rod (1), a telescopic tube 5 (603) and a telescopic tube 6 (605) connected between the fixing ring 2 (601) and the sliding ring 2 (602), a plurality of handles 2 (604) hinged on the sliding ring 2 (602), a through hole 2 (606) provided on the sliding ring 2 (602), a partition 3 (607) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the through hole 2 (606), an air hole 3 (608) provided on the partition 3 (607), a plastic sealing sheet 3 (609) connected to the end face of the air hole 3 (608) close to the fixing ring 2 (601), a groove 2 (610) provided on the fixing ring 2 (601), a plastic sealing sheet 3 (609) fixedly connected to the groove Partition four (611) on the inner wall of the second (610), air hole four (612) provided on partition four (611) and plastic sealing sheet four (613) connected to the end face of partition four (611) away from sliding ring two (602), the plastic sealing sheet three (609) covers air hole three (608), and only one side area of ​​plastic sealing sheet three (609) is fixedly connected to air hole three (608), the plastic sealing sheet four (613) covers air hole four (612), and only one side area of ​​plastic sealing sheet four (613) is fixedly connected to partition four (611), a pump air chamber two is formed between the fixing ring two (601), the sliding ring two (602), the telescopic tube five (603) and the telescopic tube six (605), and the groove two (610) is connected to the multi-way connection component two.

9. A highway tunnel construction settlement measurement device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The multi-way connection assembly 2 includes a three-way channel 2 (614) provided on a fixing ring 2 (601) and a plug 2 (615) detachably connected to one of the ports of the three-way channel 2 (614). The port 2 and the port 3 of the three-way channel 2 (614) are respectively connected to the groove 2 (610) and the multi-link cavity 2 (403).

10. A method for measuring settlement during construction of a highway tunnel, characterized in that: Using a highway tunnel construction settlement measurement device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the following steps: Step 100: driving the long rod (1) into the soil at a set depth at a set monitoring point; Step 200: introducing a medium into the plurality of root-like extension structures (3) through an external pressure device until the pressure of the medium in the plurality of root-like extension structures (3) reaches a set value, then stopping and sealing the connection between the plurality of root-like extension structures (3) and the external pressure device, and disconnecting the connection with the external pressure device; Step 300: Install the positioning mechanism (2) on the end of the long rod (1) located outside the soil, and obtain the initial three-dimensional coordinate positioning data of the end of the long rod (1) located outside the soil. During the construction phase, obtain the initial three-dimensional coordinate positioning data of the end of the long rod (1) located outside the soil at set intervals.

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