A surveying and sampling device for a water engineering area

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of surveying and mapping sampling device for water conservancy engineering area, it is related to sampling device field, including ship body, two electric telescopic rods, sampling tank, sealing cover and adjusting mechanism, adjusting mechanism is composed of angle changing component, pull holding component and two symmetrical fixed plates, two fixed plates are located water pump side and with the upper surface of ship body screw fixed, angle changing component and pull holding component are all arranged between two fixed plates and are parallelly arranged, angle changing component is used for adjusting the angle of sampling tank according to water flow environment, pull holding component is used for controlling sealing cover movement with sampling tank, special gear is installed on pull holding component, the tooth of special gear is retractable tooth for controlling the transmission of pull holding component and angle changing component and the automatic reset of pull holding component, the angle of sampling tank can be adjusted by the application, can make it better align water flow direction in complex water flow area, greatly improve the reflecting degree of water sample to real hydrological condition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of sampling devices, specifically a surveying and sampling device for water conservancy engineering areas. Background Technology

[0002] In the construction and maintenance of water conservancy projects, accurate surveying and sampling of the water conservancy project area is a crucial step. By analyzing samples such as soil, water, and rocks, key data support can be provided for project design, construction, and operation management. Therefore, a large amount of on-site water quality sampling and other work is required.

[0003] A prior art surveying and sampling device for a water conservancy project area includes two symmetrically arranged pontoons; a hull is connected to the top of the two pontoons; floats are fixedly installed on the periphery of the hull; a central control component, a first support frame, and a second support frame are fixedly connected to the top surface of the hull; and a first screw drive component is fixedly installed between the inner surfaces of the first support frame.

[0004] Although the above-mentioned technology can achieve multi-depth sampling in a single operation, and effectively improves the practicality and multi-functionality of the device through the realization of multi-depth sampling function, the sampling angle adjustment capability of the sampling device is limited in hydrological measurement, making it difficult to adapt to changing hydrological conditions, especially in areas with complex water flow conditions, such as river bends and estuaries, where it is difficult to collect representative water samples. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to provide a surveying and sampling device for water conservancy engineering areas to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A surveying and sampling device for water conservancy engineering areas includes a hull, two electric telescopic rods, a sampling tank, a sealing cover, and an adjustment mechanism. Airbags are installed on both long sides of the bottom of the hull, and a control box is installed on one short side of the upper surface of the hull. The sealing cover is located at the top opening of the sampling tank and is magnetically sealed. The sampling tank is located below the hull. The adjustment mechanism controls the angle adjustment of the sampling tank and the opening of the sealing cover. Side plates are provided on both sides of the outer wall of the sampling tank, and the sampling tank is movably connected to the two side plates via a pivot. A drain pipe is connected to the bottom of the outer wall of the sampling tank, and a telescopic hose is connected to the drain pipe. The end of the telescopic hose penetrates the bottom wall of the hull and is connected to a water pump.

[0008] The adjustment mechanism consists of an angle changing component, a holding component, and two symmetrical fixed plates. The two fixed plates are located on one side of the water pump and are fixed to the upper surface of the hull with screws. The angle changing component and the holding component are both arranged between the two fixed plates and are parallel to each other. The angle changing component is used to adjust the angle of the sampling tank according to the water flow environment. The holding component is used to control the sealing cover to follow the movement of the sampling tank. The holding component is equipped with a special gear. The teeth of the special gear are retractable teeth used to control the transmission between the holding component and the angle changing component and the automatic reset of the holding component, so as to realize the separation of the sealing cover and the sampling tank.

[0009] Specifically, the angle changing component includes an annular mounting plate and a first take-up roller. The mounting plate is fixedly sleeved on the drain pipe. Both ends of the first take-up roller are fixed with shafts. The two shafts are rotatably connected to two fixed plates respectively. A drive motor is installed on the outer wall of one of the fixed plates by screws. The output end of the drive motor passes through the fixed plate and is connected to a shaft flange. A drive gear is fixedly installed on the outer wall of one of the shafts. A steel wire rope is wound around the outer wall of the first take-up roller. The end of the steel wire rope passes through the bottom wall of the hull and is fixedly connected to the mounting plate.

[0010] Specifically, the holding assembly includes a second take-up roller and a coil spring. Both ends of the second take-up roller are fixed with drive shafts. The two drive shafts are rotatably connected to two fixed plates respectively. A pull rope is wound on the second take-up roller. The end of the pull rope passes through the bottom wall of the hull and is fixedly connected to the top of the sealing cover. A groove is opened on the outer wall of one of the drive shafts.

[0011] Specifically, in this technical solution, the coil spring is sleeved on the drive shaft, and the center end of the coil spring is connected to the slot. A card block is fixed on one side of the coil spring on a fixed plate, and the outer end of the coil spring is connected to the card block.

[0012] Specifically, in this technical solution, the special gear is fixedly sleeved on another transmission shaft, and the tooth surface of the special gear meshes with the drive gear in the angle changing component. The special gear consists of spokes, several meshing teeth, and an electromagnet. The spokes are fixedly sleeved on the transmission shaft, and several grooves are evenly provided on the outer ring wall of the spokes. A sliding plate is fixed at the root of several meshing teeth, and several sliding plates are located in the corresponding grooves. A return spring is provided on the side of several sliding plates near the center of the spokes.

[0013] Specifically, in this technical solution, the two ends of several reset springs are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the slide plate and the groove wall of the slide, and iron blocks are fixed on both sides of the reset springs on several slide plates. A ring-shaped electromagnet is embedded in the spokes, and the electromagnet is magnetically attracted to the several iron blocks.

[0014] Specifically, in this technical solution, ball bearings are embedded in the outer walls of both sides of several of the slide plates, and the outer wall of each ball bearing is in rolling contact with the groove wall.

[0015] Specifically, the sampling container has a filter screen installed at the top inside, a ring magnet fixed at the top opening of the sampling container, the diameter of the sealing cover is the same as the outer diameter of the sampling container, a slot matching the ring magnet is opened on the lower surface of the sealing cover, an iron sheet is fixed in the slot, and a sealing gasket is glued to the outer ring of the lower surface of the sealing cover.

[0016] Specifically, the upper surface of the hull is equipped with electric telescopic rods on the outer side of the two fixed plates. Both electric telescopic rods are fixedly connected to the hull by screws. The telescopic ends of the two electric telescopic rods penetrate the bottom wall of the hull and are fixed to the top of the corresponding side plate by screws. Furthermore, baffles are fixedly fitted on the outer walls of the telescopic ends of the two electric telescopic rods. A limiting plate is provided on the side of the sampling tank away from the drain pipe. The two ends of the limiting plate are fixedly connected to the two side plates respectively.

[0017] Specifically, in this technical solution, the output port of the water pump is connected to a delivery pipe, and a sample storage tank is installed on the upper surface of the hull between the control box and the water pump. The port of the delivery pipe is inserted into the top of the outer wall of the sample storage tank, and a sealing cap is threaded onto the top opening of the sample storage tank.

[0018] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: it can adjust the angle of the sampling tank according to the water flow environment and actual needs, so that it can be better aligned with the water flow direction in complex water flow areas, and collect more representative water samples. This greatly improves the water sample's reflection of the real hydrological conditions, provides a reliable data foundation for subsequent hydrological analysis and research, and effectively ensures the scientificity and accuracy of water conservancy project-related decisions.

[0019] During the angle adjustment of the sampling can, the angle changing component operates, which drives the holding component through the associated special gear, causing the second winding roller to rotate. This, in turn, pulls the sealing cover with the rope, ensuring that the sealing cover can closely follow the movement of the sampling can and that the seal is not affected.

[0020] Furthermore, when it is necessary to separate the sealing cap from the sampling container, the retractable teeth of the special gears come into play, and the pulling component and the angle changing component disengage from the transmission. At this time, the coil spring begins to release the elastic potential energy stored in it, driving the transmission shaft to rotate, which in turn drives the second winding roller to rotate in the opposite direction, pulling the rope back. The sealing cap then resets and separates from the sampling container. Through coordinated work, manual intervention is reduced, labor costs and operational risks are lowered, and work efficiency and accuracy are improved, bringing greater convenience and reliability to the surveying and sampling work in water conservancy engineering areas. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the sampling device of the present invention from an isometric perspective.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the adjustment mechanism and the sampling tank of the present invention from the side.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a side view of the sampling container structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the front cross-sectional structure of the sampling container and sealing cap of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the disassembled adjustment mechanism of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the front cross-sectional structure of the special gear of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the meshing tooth structure of the present invention.

[0029] Figure Descriptions: 1. Hull; 101. Airbag; 102. Control Box; 103. Sample Storage Tank; 1031. Sealing Cap; 104. Water Pump; 1041. Delivery Pipe; 1042. Telescopic Hose; 2. Electric Telescopic Rod; 201. Baffle; 202. Side Plate; 2021. Limiting Plate; 3. Sampling Tank; 301. Rotating Shaft; 302. Drain Pipe; 303. Filter Screen; 304. Ring Magnet; 4. Sealing Cap; 401. Sealing Gasket; 402. Slot; 5. Adjustment Mechanism; 6. Angle Changing Assembly; 60 1. Mounting plate; 602. Steel wire rope; 603. First winding roller; 604. Shaft; 605. Drive motor; 606. Drive gear; 7. Holding assembly; 701. Pull rope; 702. Second winding roller; 703. Drive shaft; 7031. Slot; 704. Coil spring; 8. Special gear; 801. Spoke; 802. Slide groove; 803. Electromagnet; 804. Meshing teeth; 805. Slide plate; 8051. Ball bearing; 806. Return spring; 807. Iron block; 9. Fixing plate; 901. Locking block. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0031] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described.

[0032] It should be noted that when the sampling tank 3 is in the initial position, both the wire rope 602 and the pull rope 701 have reserved length to ensure that they extend as the sampling tank 3 descends and will not obstruct its descent.

[0033] In this embodiment, please refer to Figures 1-8 As shown, a surveying and sampling device for water conservancy engineering areas includes a hull 1, two electric telescopic rods 2, a sampling tank 3, a sealing cover 4, and an adjustment mechanism 5. Airbags 101 are installed on both long sides of the bottom of the hull 1. The hull 1 serves as the carrier of the entire device. The airbags 101 installed on both long sides of the bottom increase the stability of the hull 1 on the water surface, reduce the impact of water flow fluctuations on the sampling process, and also have a built-in propulsion device (a standard configuration for water conservancy engineering sampling vessels) to achieve horizontal movement and steering. A control box 102 is installed on one of the short sides of the upper surface of the hull 1. The control box 102 has a built-in PLC for centralized control of various parts of the device and a built-in wireless receiver for remote control. The sealing cap 4 is located at the top opening of the sampling tank 3 and is magnetically sealed. A filter screen 303 is installed on the inner top of the sampling tank 3, which can initially filter out larger impurities when the water sample enters the sampling tank 3, ensuring the relative purity of the water sample. A ring magnet 304 is fixed at the top opening of the sampling tank 3. The diameter of the sealing cap 4 is the same as the outer diameter of the sampling tank 3. A slot 402 matching the ring magnet 304 is opened on the lower surface of the sealing cap 4. An iron sheet is fixed in the slot 402. A sealing gasket 401 is bonded to the outer ring of the lower surface of the sealing cap 4. The ring magnet 304 and the iron sheet fixed in the slot 402 cooperate with each other to form a magnetically sealed connection, and the sealing gasket 401 further enhances the sealing effect.

[0034] The sampling tank 3 is located below the hull 1. The adjustment mechanism 5 is used to control the angle adjustment of the sampling tank 3 and control the opening of the sealing cover 4. The outer walls of the sampling tank 3 are provided with side plates 202 on both sides. The sampling tank 3 and the two side plates 202 are movably connected by a rotating shaft 301. The bottom of the outer wall of the sampling tank 3 is connected to a drain pipe 302, which is connected to a telescopic hose 1042. The end of the telescopic hose 1042 passes through the bottom wall of the hull 1 and is connected to a water pump 104. The output port of the water pump 104 is connected to a delivery pipe 1041. The upper surface of the hull 1 is located between the control box 102 and the water pump 104 and a sample storage tank 103 is installed. The port of the delivery pipe 1041 is inserted into the top of the outer wall of the sample storage tank 103. The top opening of the sample storage tank 103 is threaded with a sealing cover 1031 for sealing and storing the water sample for subsequent analysis and research.

[0035] The adjustment mechanism 5 consists of an angle changing component 6, a holding component 7, and two symmetrical fixing plates 9. The two fixing plates 9 are located on one side of the water pump 104 and are fixed to the upper surface of the hull 1 with screws. The angle changing component 6 and the holding component 7 are both set between the two fixing plates 9 and are arranged in parallel. The angle changing component 6 is used to adjust the angle of the sampling tank 3 according to the water flow environment. The holding component 7 is used to control the sealing cover 4 to follow the movement of the sampling tank 3. A special gear 8 is installed on the holding component 7. The teeth of the special gear 8 are retractable teeth used to control the transmission between the holding component 7 and the angle changing component 6 and the automatic reset of the holding component 7, so as to realize the separation of the sealing cover 4 from the sampling tank 3.

[0036] Electric telescopic rods 2 are provided on the outer side of the two fixed plates 9 on the upper surface of the hull 1. The two electric telescopic rods 2 are fixedly connected to the hull 1 by screws. The telescopic ends of the two electric telescopic rods 2 penetrate the bottom wall of the hull 1 and are fixed to the top of the corresponding side plate 202 by screws. The outer wall of the telescopic ends of the two electric telescopic rods 2 is fixedly fitted with baffles 201. A limiting plate 2021 is provided on the side of the sampling tank 3 away from the drain pipe 302. The two ends of the limiting plate 2021 are fixedly connected to the two side plates 202 respectively. The electric telescopic rods 2 can not only support the sampling tank 3, but also help stabilize the position of the sampling tank 3 by adjusting the telescopic length.

[0037] When surveying and sampling water bodies in a water conservancy project area, operators observe the water flow environment, especially at river bends or estuaries, to determine the direction and speed of the water flow. They first use commonly used water flow measurement equipment (such as portable Doppler current velocity and direction meters, water flow direction sensors, etc.) to detect the direction of the water flow in the target sampling area. For example, by placing the Doppler current velocity and direction meter in the water area to be sampled, the device can directly output data on the horizontal (lateral) and vertical flow directions. Based on this data, operators determine the necessary lateral and vertical angle adjustments to the sampling tank. Then, the operator remotely sends a signal to control box 102 to activate the two electric telescopic rods 2. The telescopic end pushes the side plate 202 down, and the two side plates 202 drive the installed sampling tank 3 down. The limiting plate 2021 plays a stabilizing role during the descent of the sampling tank 3, preventing the sampling tank 3 from shaking or shifting. At the same time, the drain pipe 302 connected to the bottom of the outer wall of the sampling tank 3, and the telescopic hose 1042 connected to the drain pipe 302, naturally extend as the sampling tank 3 descends, ensuring that the connection between the water pump 104 connected to the bottom wall of the hull 1 is not affected. The descent of the drain pipe 302 and the sealing cover 4 will extend the reserved steel wire rope 602 and the pull rope 701 until the sampling tank 3 descends to 0.3m underwater. The two electric telescopic rods 2 stop working. At this time, the steel wire rope 602 and the pull rope 701 are in a taut state.

[0038] Next, based on the acquired water flow data and after observing the water flow environment, the operator sets the speed of the drive motor 605 in the angle changing component 6 through the control box 102, and then starts the drive motor 605 to control the two winding rollers to rotate the corresponding number of turns, so that the wire rope 602 is tightened. The tightened wire rope 602 drives the sampling tank 3 and the rotating shaft 301 to rotate on the side plate 202 through the drain pipe 302, thereby realizing the angle adjustment of the sampling tank 3. During the angle adjustment of the sampling tank 3, the tooth surface of the special gear 8 meshes with the drive gear 606 in the angle changing component 6, so that when the angle changing component 6 moves, the rotation of the special gear 8 causes the connected holding component 7 to move, thereby loosening the pull rope 701 accordingly, ensuring that the sealing cover 4 can closely follow the angle change of the sampling tank 3 and maintain the sealing state between the two.

[0039] Meanwhile, when it is necessary to adjust the orientation of the sampling port laterally, the operator can remotely send a command through the control box 102 to drive the hull 1 to rotate as a whole on the horizontal plane, so that the top opening of the sampling tank 3 is laterally aligned with the target water flow direction. At this time, the hull movement is stopped, and the lateral adjustment is completed.

[0040] When the sampling tank 3 is adjusted to the appropriate angle, and the sealing cover 4 needs to be opened for sampling, the control box 102 sends an energizing command to the electromagnet 803 in the special gear 8. The electromagnet 803 generates magnetic force, causing the meshing teeth 804 to retract and disengage from the drive gear 606. At this time, the coil spring 704 begins to release the elastic potential energy stored during the previous angle adjustment of the sampling tank 3, causing the holding component 7 to move in the opposite direction and retract the pull rope 701. The sealing cover 4 moves upward under the pull of the pull rope 701, and the slot 402 disengages from the ring magnet 304, that is, the sealing cover 4 separates from the sampling tank 3, realizing automatic reset. Due to the height difference between the sealing cover 4 and the sampling tank 3, water can smoothly enter the sampling tank 3.

[0041] Water enters the sampling tank 3 through the top opening. The filter screen 303 performs preliminary filtration of the water sample, intercepting larger impurities. At this time, the control box 102 starts the water pump 104. The water pump 104 draws water samples from the drain pipe 302 of the sampling tank 3 through the telescopic hose 1042 and transports the water samples to the storage tank 103 through the delivery pipe 1041. This allows the angle of the sampling tank to be adjusted according to the water flow environment and actual needs, enabling it to better align with the water flow direction in complex water flow areas and collect more representative water samples. This greatly improves the water sample's reflection of the real hydrological conditions, provides a reliable data foundation for subsequent hydrological analysis and research, and effectively ensures the scientificity and accuracy of water conservancy project-related decisions.

[0042] Furthermore, through collaborative work, manual intervention was reduced, labor costs and operational risks were lowered, while work efficiency and accuracy were improved, bringing greater convenience and reliability to the surveying and sampling work in water conservancy project areas.

[0043] Please see Figures 2-6 As shown, the angle changing component 6 includes an annular mounting plate 601 and a first take-up roller 603. The mounting plate 601 is fixedly sleeved on the drain pipe 302. Both ends of the first take-up roller 603 are fixed with shafts 604. The two shafts 604 are rotatably connected to two fixed plates 9 respectively. A drive motor 605 is installed on the outer wall of one fixed plate 9 by screws. The output end of the drive motor 605 passes through the fixed plate 9 and is connected to the flange of one shaft 604. A drive gear 606 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of one shaft 604. A steel wire rope 602 is wound around the outer wall of the first take-up roller 603. The end of the steel wire rope 602 passes through the bottom wall of the hull 1 and is fixedly connected to the mounting plate 601.

[0044] After the drive motor 605 starts, its output end drives the connected shaft 604 to rotate, causing the first take-up roller 603 and the drive gear 606 to rotate. The steel wire rope 602 wound on the outer wall of the first take-up roller 603 begins to tighten. The tightened steel wire rope 602 pulls the mounting plate 601 to move. The mounting plate 601 drives the sampling tank 3 and the rotating shaft 301 to rotate between the two side plates 202 through the drain pipe 302, so as to realize the angle adjustment of the sampling tank 3 to adapt to different water flow environments.

[0045] Please see Figures 4-8 As shown, the holding assembly 7 includes a second take-up roller 702 and a coil spring 704. Both ends of the second take-up roller 702 are fixed with drive shafts 703. The two drive shafts 703 are rotatably connected to two fixed plates 9 respectively. A pull rope 701 is wound on the second take-up roller 702. The end of the pull rope 701 passes through the bottom wall of the hull 1 and is fixedly connected to the top of the sealing cover 4. A slot 7031 is opened on the outer wall of one drive shaft 703. The coil spring 704 is sleeved on the drive shaft 703. The center end of the coil spring 704 is inserted into the slot 7031. A block 901 is fixed on one side of the coil spring 704 on a fixed plate 9. The outer end of the coil spring 704 is inserted into the block 901.

[0046] A special gear 8 is fixedly mounted on another transmission shaft 703, and the tooth surface of the special gear 8 meshes with the drive gear 606 provided in the angle changing component 6. The special gear 8 consists of spokes 801, several meshing teeth 804, and an electromagnet 803. The spokes 801 are fixedly mounted on the transmission shaft 703. Several grooves 802 are evenly provided on the outer ring wall of the spokes 801. Slide plates 805 are fixed to the roots of the meshing teeth 804. The slide plates 805 are located in the corresponding grooves 802. A return spring 806 is provided on one side near the center of the spoke 801. The two ends of several return springs 806 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the slide plate 805 and the groove wall of the slide groove 802, respectively. Iron blocks 807 are fixed on both sides of the return springs 806 on several slide plates 805. A ring electromagnet 803 is embedded in the spoke 801. The electromagnet 803 is magnetically attracted to several iron blocks 807. Rolling balls 8051 are embedded in the outer walls on both sides of several slide plates 805. The outer wall of each rolling ball 8051 is in rolling contact with the groove wall of the slide groove 802.

[0047] When the drive gear 606 in the angle changing component 6 rotates, the tooth surface of the drive gear 606 meshes with several meshing teeth 804 of the special gear 8, thereby driving the special gear 8 to rotate. The special gear 8 drives the through transmission shaft 703 to rotate, thereby driving the second take-up roller 702 to rotate. The pull rope 701 wound on the second take-up roller 702 is loosened accordingly as the second take-up roller 702 rotates, ensuring that the sealing cover 4 can closely follow the angle change of the sampling can 3. At the same time, the other rotating transmission shaft 703 will torsion the coil spring 704, and the coil spring 704 stores elastic potential energy.

[0048] When the sealing cover 4 needs to be opened for sampling, the control box 102 sends an energizing command to the electromagnet 803 in the special gear 8. The energized electromagnet 803 generates magnetic force, attracting the iron block 807 on the slide plate 805 to move downward. The slide plate 805 overcomes the elastic force of the return spring 806 and moves along the slide groove 802 towards the center of the spoke 801, causing the meshing teeth 804 to retract, disengaging the special gear 8 from the drive gear 606. At this time, the elastic potential energy stored in the coil spring 704 begins to be released, driving the transmission shaft 703 to rotate, which in turn drives the second take-up roller 702 to rotate in the opposite direction, retracting the pull rope 701. The sealing cover 4 moves upward under the pull of the pull rope 701 and separates from the sampling tank 3. Due to the height difference between the sealing cover 4 and the sampling tank 3 after the angle adjustment, water can smoothly enter the sampling tank 3. Thus, through collaborative work, manual intervention is reduced, labor costs and operational risks are lowered, and work efficiency and accuracy are improved, bringing greater convenience and reliability to the surveying and sampling work in water conservancy engineering areas.

[0049] The working principle of this invention is as follows:

[0050] When surveying and sampling water bodies in a water conservancy project area, operators observe the water flow environment, especially at river bends or estuaries, to determine the direction and speed of the water flow. First, a Doppler current velocity and direction meter is placed in the water area to be sampled. The device directly outputs horizontal (lateral) and vertical flow direction data. Based on the data, operators determine the necessary lateral and vertical angle adjustments for the sampling tank. Then, a signal is remotely sent to the control box 102 to activate the two electric telescopic rods 2. The telescopic ends of the two electric telescopic rods 2 push the side plates 202 downwards, causing the installed sampling tank 3 to move downwards. The limiting plate 2021 plays a stabilizing role during the descent of the sampling tank 3, preventing the sampling tank 3 from shaking or shifting. At the same time, the drain pipe 302 connected to the bottom of the outer wall of the sampling tank 3, and the telescopic hose 1042 connected to the drain pipe 302, naturally extend as the sampling tank 3 descends, ensuring that the connection between the water pump 104 connected to the bottom wall of the hull 1 is not affected. The downward movement of the drain pipe 302 and the sealing cover 4 will extend the reserved steel wire rope 602 and the pull rope 701 until the sampling tank 3 moves down to 0.3m underwater, at which point the two electric telescopic rods 2 stop working, and the steel wire rope 602 and the pull rope 701 are in a taut state.

[0051] Next, based on the acquired water flow data and after observing the water flow environment, the operator sets the angle through the control box 102 to change the speed of the drive motor 605 in the component 6, and then starts the drive motor 605 to control the winding roller to rotate the corresponding number of revolutions. Its output end drives the connected shaft 604 to rotate, causing the first winding roller 603 and the drive gear 606 to rotate. The steel wire rope 602 wound on the outer wall of the first winding roller 603 begins to tighten. The tightened steel wire rope 602 pulls the mounting plate 601 to move. The mounting plate 601 drives the sampling tank 3 and the rotating shaft 301 to rotate between the two side plates 202 through the drain pipe 302, thus completing the angle adjustment of the sampling tank 3.

[0052] Meanwhile, when it is necessary to adjust the orientation of the sampling port laterally, the operator can remotely send a command through the control box 102 to drive the hull 1 to rotate as a whole on the horizontal plane, so that the top opening of the sampling tank 3 is laterally aligned with the target water flow direction. At this time, the hull movement is stopped, and the lateral adjustment is completed.

[0053] When the drive gear 606 in the angle changing component 6 rotates, the tooth surface of the drive gear 606 meshes with several meshing teeth 804 of the special gear 8, thereby driving the special gear 8 to rotate. The special gear 8 drives the through transmission shaft 703 to rotate, which in turn drives the second take-up roller 702 to rotate. The pull rope 701 wound on the second take-up roller 702 is loosened accordingly as the second take-up roller 702 rotates, ensuring that the sealing cover 4 can closely follow the angle change of the sampling can 3. At the same time, the other rotating transmission shaft 703 will torsion the coil spring 704, and the coil spring 704 stores elastic potential energy.

[0054] When the sealing cover 4 needs to be opened for sampling, the control box 102 sends an energizing command to the electromagnet 803 in the special gear 8. The electromagnet 803 generates magnetic force when energized, attracting the iron block 807 on the slide plate 805 to move down. The slide plate 805 overcomes the elastic force of the return spring 806 and moves along the slide groove 802 towards the center of the spoke 801, causing the meshing teeth 804 to retract, so that the special gear 8 disengages from the drive gear 606. At this time, the elastic potential energy stored in the coil spring 704 begins to be released, driving the transmission shaft 703 to rotate, driving the second take-up roller 702 to rotate in the opposite direction, and retracting the pull rope 701. The sealing cover 4 moves upward under the pull of the pull rope 701 and separates from the sampling tank 3. Since there is a height difference between the sealing cover 4 after the angle adjustment and the sampling tank 3, water can smoothly enter the sampling tank 3.

[0055] Water enters the sampling tank 3 through the top opening. The filter screen 303 performs preliminary filtration of the water sample, intercepting larger impurities. At this time, the control box 102 starts the water pump 104. The water pump 104 draws water samples from the drain pipe 302 of the sampling tank 3 through the telescopic hose 1042 and transports the water samples to the storage tank 103 through the delivery pipe 1041.

[0056] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, these specific embodiments are merely explanations of the invention and are not intended to limit it. The specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art may make modifications, substitutions, and variations to the embodiments as needed without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, but such modifications, substitutions, and variations are protected by patent law as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A surveying and sampling device for a water conservancy project area, comprising a hull (1), two electric telescopic rods (2), a sampling container (3), a sealing cover (4), and an adjustment mechanism (5), wherein airbags (101) are installed on both long sides of the bottom of the hull (1), a control box (102) is installed on one short side of the upper surface of the hull (1), the sealing cover (4) is located at the top opening of the sampling container (3) and is magnetically sealed, the sampling container (3) is located below the hull (1), and the adjustment mechanism (5) is used to control the angle adjustment of the sampling container (3) and control the opening of the sealing cover (4), characterized in that, The sampling tank (3) has side plates (202) on both sides of its outer wall. The sampling tank (3) is movably connected to the two side plates (202) via a rotating shaft (301). The bottom of the outer wall of the sampling tank (3) is connected to a drain pipe (302). The drain pipe (302) is connected to a telescopic hose (1042). The end of the telescopic hose (1042) passes through the bottom wall of the hull (1) and is connected to a water pump (104). The adjustment mechanism (5) consists of an angle changing component (6), a holding component (7), and two symmetrical fixing plates (9). The two fixing plates (9) are located on one side of the water pump (104) and are fixed to the upper surface of the hull (1) with screws. The angle changing component (6) and the holding component (7) are both arranged between the two fixing plates (9) and are parallel to each other. The angle changing component (6) is used to adjust the angle of the sampling tank (3) according to the water flow environment. The holding component (7) is used to control the sealing cover (4) to follow the movement of the sampling tank (3). A special gear (8) is installed on the holding component (7). The teeth of the special gear (8) are retractable teeth, which are used to control the transmission between the holding component (7) and the angle changing component (6) and the automatic reset of the holding component (7) to realize the separation of the sealing cover (4) and the sampling tank (3).

2. The surveying and sampling device for water conservancy engineering areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The angle changing component (6) includes an annular mounting plate (601) and a first take-up roller (603). The mounting plate (601) is fixedly sleeved on the drain pipe (302). Both ends of the first take-up roller (603) are fixed with shafts (604). The two shafts (604) are rotatably connected to two fixed plates (9) respectively. A drive motor (605) is installed on the outer wall of one of the fixed plates (9) by screws. The output end of the drive motor (605) passes through the fixed plate (9) and is connected to the flange of one shaft (604). A drive gear (606) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of one shaft (604). A steel wire rope (602) is wound on the outer wall of the first take-up roller (603). The end of the steel wire rope (602) passes through the bottom wall of the hull (1) and is fixedly connected to the mounting plate (601).

3. The surveying and sampling device for water conservancy engineering areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The holding assembly (7) includes a second take-up roller (702) and a coil spring (704). Both ends of the second take-up roller (702) are fixed with drive shafts (703). The two drive shafts (703) are rotatably connected to two fixed plates (9) respectively. A pull rope (701) is wound on the second take-up roller (702). The end of the pull rope (701) passes through the bottom wall of the hull (1) and is fixedly connected to the top of the sealing cover (4). A slot (7031) is opened on the outer wall of one of the drive shafts (703).

4. A surveying and sampling device for water conservancy engineering areas according to claim 3, characterized in that, The coil spring (704) is sleeved on the drive shaft (703). The center end of the coil spring (704) is inserted into the slot (7031). A locking block (901) is fixed on one side of the coil spring (704) on a fixing plate (9). The outer end of the coil spring (704) is inserted into the locking block (901).

5. A surveying and sampling device for water conservancy engineering areas according to claim 3, characterized in that, The special gear (8) is fixedly mounted on another transmission shaft (703), and the tooth surface of the special gear (8) meshes with the drive gear (606) provided in the angle changing component (6). The special gear (8) is composed of spokes (801), a number of meshing teeth (804) and an electromagnet (803). The spokes (801) are fixedly mounted on the transmission shaft (703). The outer ring wall of the spokes (801) is evenly provided with a number of sliding grooves (802). The root of each of the meshing teeth (804) is fixed with a sliding plate (805). Each of the sliding plates (805) is located in the corresponding sliding groove (802). Each of the sliding plates (805) is provided with a return spring (806) on the side of the sliding plate (805) near the center of the spokes (801).

6. A surveying and sampling device for water conservancy engineering areas according to claim 5, characterized in that, The two ends of several reset springs (806) are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the slide plate (805) and the groove wall of the slide groove (802) respectively. Iron blocks (807) are fixed on both sides of the reset springs (806) on several slide plates (805). A ring electromagnet (803) is embedded in the spoke (801). The electromagnet (803) is magnetically attracted to the several iron blocks (807).

7. A surveying and sampling device for water conservancy engineering areas according to claim 5, characterized in that, Each of the slide plates (805) has a ball bearing (8051) embedded in its outer side wall, and the outer wall of each ball bearing (8051) makes rolling contact with the groove wall of the slide groove (802).

8. A surveying and sampling device for water conservancy engineering areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, A filter screen (303) is installed on the inner top of the sampling container (3). A ring magnet (304) is fixed at the top opening of the sampling container (3). The diameter of the sealing cover (4) is the same as the outer diameter of the sampling container (3). A slot (402) matching the ring magnet (304) is opened on the lower surface of the sealing cover (4). An iron sheet is fixed in the slot (402). A sealing gasket (401) is glued to the outer ring of the lower surface of the sealing cover (4).

9. A surveying and sampling device for water conservancy engineering areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, Electric telescopic rods (2) are provided on the upper surface of the hull (1) on the outside of the two fixed plates (9). The two electric telescopic rods (2) are fixedly connected to the hull (1) by screws. The telescopic ends of the two electric telescopic rods (2) penetrate the bottom wall of the hull (1) and are fixed to the top of the corresponding side plate (202) by screws. The outer walls of the telescopic ends of the two electric telescopic rods (2) are fixedly fitted with baffles (201). The sampling tank (3) is provided with a limiting plate (2021) on the side away from the drain pipe (302). The two ends of the limiting plate (2021) are fixedly connected to the two side plates (202) respectively.

10. A surveying and sampling device for water conservancy engineering areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The output port of the water pump (104) is connected to the delivery pipe (1041). A sample storage tank (103) is installed on the upper surface of the hull (1) between the control box (102) and the water pump (104). The port of the delivery pipe (1041) is inserted into the top of the outer wall of the sample storage tank (103). A sealing cap (1031) is threaded onto the top opening of the sample storage tank (103).

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