Telescopic oil pipe control method, device and equipment based on shape memory alloy

Abstract

The invention provides a telescopic oil pipe control method, device and equipment based on shape memory alloy, and relates to the technical field of telescopic oil pipe control. The telescopic oil pipe control method comprises the steps that the target telescopic amount of a telescopic oil pipe and structural parameters of a shape memory alloy wire mesh layer are obtained; determining a structure correction coefficient based on the structure parameters; based on the structure correction coefficient and a preset expansion and contraction quantity control model, the current intensity and the application time applied to the shape memory alloy wire mesh layer are determined; and based on the current intensity and the application time, applying current to the shape memory alloy wire mesh layer so as to realize stretching of the telescopic oil pipe. In the mode, the telescopic oil pipe stretches out and draws back so as to adapt to length changes, repeated adjustment and length waste during oil pipe installation are avoided, friction damage between an overlong oil pipe and a vehicle frame and connector stress concentration caused by an overshort oil pipe are avoided, and the leakage rate is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of telescopic oil pipe control, and in particular to a telescopic oil pipe control method, device and equipment based on shape memory alloy. Background Art

[0002] In reciprocating piston internal combustion engines, oil channels play a vital and fundamental role. They form the core network for lubricating oil circulation within the engine, and their performance is directly related to the engine's reliability, durability, efficiency, and overall lifespan.

[0003] Traditional fuel hoses are unable to adapt to changes in length and rely on manual adjustment. Poor length adaptability: Chassis manufacturing tolerances (±200mm) require repeated adjustments and even rework during hose installation. Significant material waste: Redundant design results in an average of 4% of hose length being wasted. Low reliability: Overlong hoses are prone to damage from friction with the frame, while overshort hoses lead to stress concentration at the joints, increasing leakage rates. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a telescopic oil pipe control method, device and equipment based on shape memory alloy, which adapts to the change in length by expanding and contracting the telescopic oil pipe, avoiding repeated adjustments during oil pipe installation and waste of length, avoiding friction and damage between the excessively long oil pipe and the frame, and stress concentration on the joints caused by the excessively short oil pipe, thereby improving the leakage rate.

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for controlling a telescopic oil pipe based on a shape memory alloy, comprising: obtaining a target telescopic amount of the telescopic oil pipe and structural parameters of a shape memory alloy wire mesh layer; determining a structural correction coefficient based on the structural parameters; determining a current intensity and application time applied to the shape memory alloy wire mesh layer based on the structural correction coefficient and a pre-set telescopic amount control model; and applying a current to the shape memory alloy wire mesh layer based on the current intensity and application time to achieve telescopic movement of the telescopic oil pipe.

[0006] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the structural parameters include: a mechanical constraint factor of the buffer layer, a thermal hysteresis factor of the lining layer, and a density and heat transfer factor of the alloy wire mesh; determining the structural correction coefficient based on the structural parameters includes: determining the structural correction coefficient based on the mechanical constraint factor of the buffer layer, the thermal hysteresis factor of the lining layer, and the density and heat transfer factor of the alloy wire mesh by the following formula: ;in, represents the structural correction factor, represents the mechanical constraint factor of the buffer layer, Represents the thermal hysteresis factor of the lining layer. Represents the alloy wire mesh density and heat transfer rate factor.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the determination of the current intensity and application time applied to the shape memory alloy wire mesh layer based on the structure correction coefficient and the preset expansion and contraction control model includes: expressing the target expansion and contraction amount based on the structure correction coefficient by the following formula: ; Indicates the target expansion amount, represents the structural correction factor, represents the alloy material constant, I represents the current intensity, and t represents the application time; based on the representation of the target expansion and contraction amount and the preset expansion and contraction amount control model, the current intensity and application time applied to the shape memory alloy wire mesh layer are determined.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the determination of the current intensity and application time applied to the shape memory alloy wire mesh layer based on the representation of the target expansion and contraction amount and the preset expansion and contraction amount control model includes: expressing the expansion and contraction amount control model by the following formula: Based on the representation of the expansion and contraction control model and the representation of the target expansion and contraction, the current intensity and application time applied to the shape memory alloy wire mesh layer are determined; wherein the maximum current intensity is determined by the following formula: ; Wherein, I represents the current intensity, Imax represents the maximum current intensity, R represents the alloy resistance, T represents the alloy temperature, Tmax represents the maximum alloy temperature, and the maximum alloy temperature is set to 85°C. Indicates the ambient temperature.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned applying current to the shape memory alloy wire mesh layer based on the current intensity and application time includes: applying current to the shape memory alloy wire mesh layer based on the current intensity and application time through PID closed-loop control; applying current to the shape memory alloy wire mesh layer based on the current intensity and application time through PID closed-loop control includes: real-time monitoring of the alloy temperature and the actual expansion and contraction amount of the telescopic oil pipe; dynamically adjusting the current through a PID algorithm; wherein, when setting the PID parameters, adjusting the proportional coefficient until the system oscillates, recording the critical gain and period; and setting the PID parameters according to a preset formula.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method further comprises: predicting the life of the telescopic oil pipe; predicting the life of the telescopic oil pipe comprises: determining a life consumption index by the following formula: ; in, Indicates the life consumption index, N indicates the cumulative number of cycles, Nhigh indicates the number of high temperature cycles, Nmid indicates the number of medium temperature cycles, and Nlow indicates the number of low temperature cycles. Indicates the total heating time.

[0011] In the preferred embodiment of the present application, the telescopic oil pipe structure comprises a shape memory alloy wire mesh layer, a silicon rubber aramid buffer layer, a PTFE lining layer and end electrode sheets for connecting an external power source.

[0012] In a second aspect, the embodiments of the present application further provide a shape memory alloy-based telescopic oil pipe control device, comprising: a data acquisition module configured to acquire a target telescopic amount of the telescopic oil pipe and structure parameters of a shape memory alloy wire mesh layer; a structure correction coefficient determination module configured to determine a structure correction coefficient based on the structure parameters; a current intensity determination module configured to determine a current intensity and an application time of the current intensity applied to the shape memory alloy wire mesh layer based on the structure correction coefficient and a pre-set telescopic amount control model; and a current application module configured to apply the current to the shape memory alloy wire mesh layer based on the current intensity and the application time to realize the telescoping of the telescopic oil pipe.

[0013] In a third aspect, the embodiments of the present application further provide an electronic device, comprising a processor and a memory, the memory storing computer executable instructions capable of being executed by the processor, and the processor executes the computer executable instructions to implement the shape memory alloy-based telescopic oil pipe control method of the first aspect.

[0014] In a fourth aspect, the embodiments of the present application further provide a computer readable storage medium, the computer readable storage medium storing computer executable instructions, and the computer executable instructions, when invoked and executed by a processor, cause the processor to implement the shape memory alloy-based telescopic oil pipe control method of the first aspect.

[0015] The embodiments of the present application bring the following beneficial effects: The embodiments of the present application provide a shape memory alloy-based telescopic oil pipe control method, device and equipment, by acquiring a target telescopic amount of the telescopic oil pipe and structure parameters of a shape memory alloy wire mesh layer, determining a structure correction coefficient based on the structure parameters, determining a current intensity and an application time of the current intensity applied to the shape memory alloy wire mesh layer based on the structure correction coefficient and a pre-set telescopic amount control model, and applying the current to the shape memory alloy wire mesh layer based on the current intensity and the application time to realize the telescoping of the telescopic oil pipe. In this way, the length change is self-adapted through the telescoping of the telescopic oil pipe, avoiding the repeated adjustment during the installation of the oil pipe and the waste of the length, avoiding the friction and damage of the overlong oil pipe with the vehicle frame and the joint stress concentration caused by the too short oil pipe, and improving the leakage rate.

[0016] Other features and advantages of the present disclosure will be described in the following description, or can be learned from the description, or can be determined without any doubt, or can be known by implementing the above-mentioned technologies of the present disclosure.

[0017] In order to make the above objectives, characteristics and advantages of the present disclosure more obvious and easy to understand, the following preferred embodiments are specifically described below, and the accompanying drawings are described in detail as follows. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the specific embodiments or prior art description. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present application, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings according to these drawings without creative labor.

[0019] Figure 1 A flow chart of a shape memory alloy-based telescopic oil pipe control method provided by an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 A flow chart of another shape memory alloy-based telescopic oil pipe control method provided by an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 A structural schematic diagram of a shape memory alloy-based telescopic oil pipe control device provided by an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 A structural schematic diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical solutions of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in combination with the drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are some of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0021] In a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine, the oil passage plays a crucial and fundamental role. It constitutes the core network of the circulation and delivery of lubricating oil inside the engine, and its performance is directly related to the reliability, durability, efficiency and overall life of the engine.

[0022] Traditional oil pipes cannot adapt to length changes and rely on manual experience adjustment. Poor length adaptability: chassis manufacturing tolerance (±200mm) leads to repeated adjustment or even rework during oil pipe installation. Serious material waste: redundant design makes the average waste length of oil pipe reach 4%. Low reliability: too long oil pipe is easy to be damaged by friction with the frame, and too short oil pipe leads to stress concentration of the joint and increases the leakage rate.

[0023] Based on this, the shape memory alloy-based telescopic oil pipe control method, device and equipment provided by the embodiment can obtain the target telescopic amount of the telescopic oil pipe and the structural parameters of the shape memory alloy wire mesh layer, determine the structural correction coefficient based on the structural parameters, determine the current intensity and application time applied to the shape memory alloy wire mesh layer based on the structural correction coefficient and the pre-set telescopic amount control model, apply the current to the shape memory alloy wire mesh layer based on the current intensity and application time, and realize the telescoping of the telescopic oil pipe. In this way, the length change is self-adapted through the telescoping of the telescopic oil pipe, the repeated adjustment during the installation of the oil pipe and the waste of the length are avoided, the overlong oil pipe is prevented from being damaged due to friction with the frame, and the joint stress concentration caused by the too short oil pipe is avoided, so that the leakage rate is improved.

[0024] To facilitate the understanding of the embodiment, first, a shape memory alloy-based telescopic oil pipe control method is introduced in detail.

[0025] Embodiment 1 The embodiment provides a shape memory alloy-based telescopic oil pipe control method, Figure 1 The flowchart of the shape memory alloy-based telescopic oil pipe control method provided by the embodiment is shown in FIG. 1. Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the shape memory alloy-based telescopic oil pipe control method can include the following steps: In step S101, the target telescopic amount of the telescopic oil pipe and the structural parameters of the shape memory alloy wire mesh layer are obtained.

[0026] The structure of the telescopic oil pipe includes the shape memory alloy wire mesh layer, the silicon rubber aramid buffer layer, the PTFE inner lining layer and the end electrode sheet, and the end electrode sheet is used to connect the external power supply.

[0027] In step S102, the structural correction coefficient is determined based on the structural parameters.

[0028] In step S103, the current intensity and application time applied to the shape memory alloy wire mesh layer are determined based on the structural correction coefficient and the pre-set telescopic amount control model.

[0029] In actual application, the current-temperature-telescopic amount control can be quantified through the following formula and experimental data: Energy-temperature formula: ; wherein: .

[0030] NiTi mass= .

[0031] The specific heat capacity of the NiTi alloy is about 0.837 J / g·K.

[0032] ΔT = T - T0: Temperature rise (T0 is ambient temperature).

[0033] After combining: .

[0034] NiTi wire mesh volume estimation (shape memory layer).

[0035] Mesh density: 20 mesh / cm 2 (i.e. contains 400 intersections per square centimeter).

[0036] Braided layer area: assuming the length of the tubing is L, the diameter D = 12 mm + 2 x 1.5 mm ≈ 15 mm External surface area: .

[0037] The estimated length of the wire mesh per unit area is about 2 NiTi wires per "mesh", and the total length of NiTi is roughly estimated as: ≈ 800 • A.

[0038] Assuming the diameter of the NiTi wire is 0.1 mm, the volume is: .

[0039] Temperature-strain relationship (thermal expansion): After heating, the NiTi alloy transforms from martensite to austenite, and the expansion process is not linear. We can use an S-shaped curve (hyperbolic tangent) to simulate the expansion process: .

[0040] where, ε is the strain, εmax is the maximum strain, NiTi is about 6~8%, is a fitting constant that controls the slope, is the phase transition temperature, which can be about 50℃.

[0041] The formula for calculating the expansion amount (ΔL) is: .

[0042] Combining the heat conduction formula, material volume calculation, and nonlinear strain relationship, the final composite control formula is: .

[0043] where the material structure affects the supplementary factor, for example, the silicon rubber aramid buffer layer: with a hardness of 70A, it will produce a certain rebound force (constrain NiTi expansion). Introduce the elastic counter coefficient γ ∈ [0.8, 1.0]. PTFE lining: thermal insulation and low friction, affecting the heat diffusion speed, introducing a thermal hysteresis term .

[0044] After composite correction: .

[0045] in, is the mechanical constraint coefficient of the buffer layer, is the thermal hysteresis caused by the lining layer, is the strain slope constant, is the volume of NiTi alloy wire mesh, is the ambient temperature, Indicates the phase transition starting temperature.

[0046] Step S104 : applying current to the shape memory alloy wire mesh layer based on the current intensity and application time to achieve expansion and contraction of the telescopic oil pipe.

[0047] Among them, the current can be applied to the shape memory alloy wire mesh layer based on the current intensity and application time through PID closed-loop control.

[0048] Regarding the electrode connection method: the electrode sheet (copper-silver-plated) is connected to the power supply and the PID temperature control module. The electrode sheet is connected to the positive and negative terminals of the power supply and to the output of the PID temperature control module. The PID temperature control module controls the current flowing through the electrode sheet, thereby adjusting the heating power, based on the required temperature control. To ensure good contact between the electrode sheet and the oil pipe, the electrode sheet is tightly fitted onto the shape memory alloy mesh layer (NiTi alloy braid) of the oil pipe. Because the shape memory alloy mesh layer has excellent conductivity, the flow of current generates heat, thereby heating the oil pipe.

[0049] In practical applications, a PID control algorithm framework can be constructed to calculate the current intensity I and application time t based on the input desired expansion and contraction amount ΔL, combined with the material properties and composite structure influencing factors, so as to control the heating of the NiTi shape memory alloy wire mesh layer to a safe temperature and achieve the preset expansion and contraction amount.

[0050] Specifically, a mathematical model for structure factor correction is introduced: 1) Composite structure correction factor.

[0051] The above steps define the structural correction coefficient γ. Taking into account the influence of the buffer layer thickness and hardness on heat conduction and deformation, the inner diameter of the PTFE liner and the friction factor, the alloy wire mesh density and heat transfer rate, and the oil pipe length on the thermal diffusion time, γ=1.37 can be set through experiments or experience.

[0052] 2) Expansion and contraction and current / time model.

[0053] ; Indicates the target expansion amount, represents the structural correction factor, represents the alloy material constant, which can be fitted with k≈0.025, I represents the current intensity, and t represents the application time; based on the representation of the target expansion and contraction amount and the pre-set expansion and contraction amount control model, the current intensity and application time applied to the shape memory alloy wire mesh layer are determined.

[0054] Specifically, the controller targets: The PID control target can be set to maintain the temperature T within a safe range (60°C–85°C): The relationship between temperature and current is approximately expressed as: ; The maximum current intensity is determined by the following formula: ; Where I represents the current intensity, I max represents the maximum current intensity, R represents the alloy resistance, T represents the alloy temperature, T max Indicates the maximum value of the alloy temperature, which is set to 85°C. Indicates the ambient temperature, which can be 25°C.

[0055] Specifically, the PID control process (pseudo code): #Input parameters ΔL_target=100#Target expansion / contraction (mm) γ=1.37#Material structure correction factor k=0.025# alloy constant (experimental fitting) T_max=85#Safety temperature upper limit°C R=2.5# alloy resistance Ω T_env=25#Ambient temperature #Safety current calculation defget_safe_current(T_max, R, T_env): returnmin(4.0,((T_max-T_env) / R)**0.5) I_safe=get_safe_current(T_max, R, T_env) #Calculate time #ΔL=γ*k*I^2*t=>t=ΔL / (γ*k*I^2) t_required=ΔL_target / (γ*k*I_safe**2) #PID control process (control the heater for t_required seconds while maintaining the temperature within a safe range) #Sampling the temperature every Δt seconds for PID temperature control Specifically, the calculation results are as follows: When the target extension amount is 100 mm, the safety current is I = 4.0 A, and the corresponding time is:

[0056] Specifically, the conclusion is: When the input extension amount ΔL is 100 mm, the safety current I is 4.0 A, the temperature control PID control is maintained <85°C, and the application time t is about 73 seconds.

[0057] The above algorithm can be deployed in a microcontroller (such as STM32, Arduino) or a host computer program, which can be directly converted into code and combined with a temperature sensor closed-loop feedback (such as a thermocouple + ADC module) for dynamic control.

[0058] Specifically, the heating control circuit principle is as follows: A sensor and a PID temperature control closed-loop control module are used. A displacement sensor (such as an inductive, fiber Bragg grating, laser displacement, or Hall effect sensor) is embedded in the joint of the oil pipe to monitor the extension amount in real time. A temperature sensor (such as a thermocouple or NTC thermistor) is used to monitor the alloy temperature in real time. The extension amount and temperature information are fed back to the controller to form a closed-loop feedback system, which accurately adjusts the heating current and duration.

[0059] 1) PID temperature control module and temperature feedback: In the intelligent extension oil pipe, through the cooperation of the temperature feedback system and the PID temperature control module, high-precision control of the shape memory alloy heating process is achieved.

[0060] Temperature detection module: NTC thermistor (or PTC, thermocouple) is embedded in the area close to SMA of the oil pipe, which is used as a feedback resistor to detect the actual temperature in real time. Its resistance value changes with temperature.

[0061] Feedback control logic: The thermistor is connected to the input of the PID temperature control module. The system converts the resistance signal into a temperature value, compares it with the target temperature, and calculates the deviation in real time.

[0062] PID adjustment module: Based on the deviation, the PID algorithm is executed to adjust the output current and control the heating power of the electrode sheet, so that the SMA temperature quickly and stably maintains in the set target range, ensuring the accuracy and consistency of the oil pipe extension action.

[0063] Optionally, auxiliary temperature sensor: Redundant thermocouple sensors are set at key points for system calibration, data verification, and safety diagnosis to improve system stability. Then, the PID temperature control module adjusts the output signal according to the PID algorithm to control the heating power of the electrode sheet, so that the oil pipe temperature is maintained near the set value.

[0064] Through the cooperation of PID temperature control module, reasonable electrode connection method and temperature feedback system, precise control of electrode heating can be achieved to meet the temperature control requirements of telescopic oil pipe.

[0065] The PID (Proportional-Integral-Derivative) controller is a commonly used closed-loop control algorithm for precise temperature control. Based on the deviation between the setpoint and actual temperature, it uses the proportional (P) control to adjust the output proportional to the temperature deviation, the integral (I) control to eliminate steady-state errors, and the differential (D) control to suppress overshoot and improve stability. The controller then outputs an appropriate control signal to adjust the heating power.

[0066] During the open-loop adjustment phase (initial / testing phase), it's necessary to set a target current or heating period (e.g., 2A for 3 seconds), record the temperature curve (using thermocouples or NTC sampling), measure the change in tubing expansion and contraction length, create an open-loop control table (including current, heating time, temperature, and expansion), and analyze the curve (to understand lag time, inertia, maximum expansion temperature, safety thresholds, etc.). Although open-loop control lacks feedback, it is crucial for initial system commissioning.

[0067] During the closed-loop adjustment stage (formal operation), the PID algorithm is used to accurately lock the expansion and contraction temperature at the target value to match the expansion and contraction length set by the user.

[0068] For debugging scenarios: You can use the Ziegler-Nichols empirical tuning method (ZN method). You can set I=0, D=0, and only adjust the P value; increase the P value until the system starts to oscillate, and write down the critical gain Ku and the oscillation period Tu; use the preset formula to set the PID.

[0069] Specifically, the preset formula is: ;in, Represents the proportional gain, which is used to control the response speed; Represents the integral time constant, which is used to eliminate steady-state errors; Represents the differential time constant, which is used to suppress system overshoot.

[0070] You can also use PID self-tuning chips or software modules. Modern PID controllers or development boards (such as STM32 and Arduino PID library) support: automatic parameter adjustment function; temperature disturbance response analysis; and adaptive correction of PID parameters.

[0071] For example, when the actual temperature is lower than the set point, the PID controller will output a larger control signal based on the deviation, increasing the heating power of the electrode sheet and causing the temperature to rise rapidly. When the actual temperature approaches the set point, the PID controller will gradually reduce the control signal to prevent temperature overshoot, thereby achieving precise temperature control. Calibration training is required during the system initialization phase, and the PID parameters can be dynamically adjusted later to adapt to different ambient temperatures and system conditions.

[0072] The shape memory alloy-based telescopic oil hose control method provided in an embodiment of the present invention can determine the target telescopic oil hose extension and contraction amount and the structural parameters of the shape memory alloy mesh layer, determine a structural correction coefficient based on the structural parameters, and then determine the current intensity and application time applied to the shape memory alloy mesh layer based on the structural correction coefficient and a pre-set telescopic amount control model. Based on the current intensity and application time, current is applied to the shape memory alloy mesh layer to achieve telescopic oil hose extension and contraction. This method adaptively adjusts the length of the telescopic oil hose through its extension and contraction, avoiding repeated adjustments during installation and wasted length. It also prevents damage caused by friction between an overly long hose and the vehicle frame, and stress concentration at the joint caused by an overly short hose, which increases leakage rates.

[0073] Example 2 The embodiment of the present invention also provides another telescopic oil pipe control method based on shape memory alloy; this method is implemented on the basis of the method of the above embodiment.

[0074] Figure 2 A flowchart of another method for controlling a telescopic oil pipe based on shape memory alloy provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 As shown, the shape memory alloy-based telescopic oil pipe control method may include the following steps: Step S201 : obtaining the target telescopic amount of the telescopic oil pipe and the structural parameters of the shape memory alloy wire mesh layer.

[0075] Step S202: determining a structural correction coefficient based on the structural parameters.

[0076] The structural parameters include: the mechanical constraint factor of the buffer layer, the thermal hysteresis factor of the lining layer, and the alloy wire mesh density and heat transfer rate factor.

[0077] Specifically, determining the structural correction coefficient based on the structural parameters may include: determining the structural correction coefficient based on the mechanical constraint factor of the buffer layer, the thermal hysteresis factor of the lining layer, and the alloy wire mesh density and heat transfer rate factor by the following formula: ;in, represents the structural correction factor, represents the mechanical constraint factor of the buffer layer, Represents the thermal hysteresis factor of the lining layer. Represents the alloy wire mesh density and heat transfer rate factor.

[0078] Step S203 : determining the current intensity and application time applied to the shape memory alloy wire mesh layer based on the structure correction coefficient and the preset expansion and contraction control model.

[0079] Specifically, determining the current intensity and application time applied to the shape memory alloy wire mesh layer based on the structure correction coefficient and a preset expansion and contraction control model may include: expressing the target expansion and contraction amount based on the structure correction coefficient using the following formula: ; Indicates the target expansion amount, represents the structural correction factor, represents the alloy material constant, I represents the current intensity, and t represents the application time; based on the representation of the target expansion and contraction amount and the preset expansion and contraction amount control model, the current intensity and application time applied to the shape memory alloy wire mesh layer are determined.

[0080] Determining the current intensity and application time applied to the shape memory alloy wire mesh layer based on the representation of the target expansion and contraction amount and a preset expansion and contraction amount control model may include: expressing the expansion and contraction amount control model by the following formula: Based on the representation of the expansion and contraction control model and the representation of the target expansion and contraction, the current intensity and application time applied to the shape memory alloy wire mesh layer are determined.

[0081] The maximum current intensity is determined by the following formula: ; Where I represents the current intensity, I max represents the maximum current intensity, R represents the alloy resistance, T represents the alloy temperature, T max Indicates the maximum value of the alloy temperature, which is set to 85°C. Indicates the ambient temperature.

[0082] Step S204 : applying current to the shape memory alloy wire mesh layer based on the current intensity and application time to achieve expansion and contraction of the telescopic oil pipe.

[0083] Specifically, applying the current to the shape memory alloy wire mesh layer based on the current intensity and the application time may include: applying the current to the shape memory alloy wire mesh layer based on the current intensity and the application time through PID closed-loop control.

[0084] Among them, applying current to the shape memory alloy wire mesh layer based on current intensity and application time through PID closed-loop control can include: real-time monitoring of alloy temperature and actual expansion and contraction amount of the telescopic oil pipe; dynamically adjusting the current through the PID algorithm; wherein, when setting the PID parameters, adjusting the proportional coefficient until the system oscillates, recording the critical gain and period; and setting the PID parameters according to a preset formula.

[0085] Step S205: predicting the service life of the telescopic oil pipe.

[0086] Specifically, predicting the life of the telescopic oil pipe may include determining a life consumption index using the following formula: ;in, Indicates the life consumption index, N indicates the cumulative number of cycles, Nhigh indicates the number of high temperature cycles, Nmid indicates the number of medium temperature cycles, and Nlow indicates the number of low temperature cycles. Indicates the total heating time.

[0087] In practical applications, we consider the irregular deformation caused by environmental changes and aging, the expansion and contraction control based on model prediction, the sudden change of ambient temperature and nonlinear phase change: The phase transition temperature window (As-Af) and Ms-Mf of NiTi alloy widens nonlinearly. Sudden low or high temperature environments will cause control deviations. A temperature-sensitive compensation curve model can be introduced, or a multivariable modeling (MV-model) adjustment strategy can be adopted.

[0088] Regarding the prediction of oil pipe life and phased control strategy: (1) In order to predict the life of the intelligent telescopic oil pipe, a life estimation model can be established, taking into account the following factors: 1. Table 1 below is a comparison table of main influencing factors.

[0089] Table 1:

[0090] 2. Table 2 below is a comparison table of influencing factor settings. A weight factor is set for each variable to represent its "damage intensity" on lifespan attenuation.

[0091] Table 2:

[0092] Regarding the lifespan classification, the threshold of the lifespan class can be set (the value can be adjusted according to the experiment).

[0093] Table 3 below is a level-threshold comparison table.

[0094] Table 3:

[0095] A safety threshold management module can be introduced to proactively cut off power / alarm when response time or expansion / contraction range is abnormal.

[0096] Example 3 Corresponding to the above method embodiment, the embodiment of the present invention provides a telescopic oil pipe control device based on shape memory alloy, Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of a shape memory alloy-based telescopic oil pipe control device provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 3 As shown, the shape memory alloy-based telescopic oil pipe control device may include: The data acquisition module 301 is used to obtain the target expansion and contraction amount of the expansion and contraction oil pipe and the structural parameters of the shape memory alloy wire mesh layer.

[0097] The structure correction coefficient determination module 302 is configured to determine the structure correction coefficient based on the structure parameters.

[0098] The current intensity determination module 303 is used to determine the current intensity and application time applied to the shape memory alloy wire mesh layer based on the structure correction coefficient and the preset expansion and contraction control model.

[0099] The current applying module 304 is used to apply current to the shape memory alloy wire mesh layer based on current intensity and application time to achieve expansion and contraction of the telescopic oil pipe.

[0100] The shape memory alloy-based telescopic oil pipe control device provided in an embodiment of the present invention can determine the target telescopic oil pipe extension and contraction amount and the structural parameters of the shape memory alloy mesh layer, determine a structural correction coefficient based on the structural parameters, and then determine the current intensity and application time to be applied to the shape memory alloy mesh layer based on the structural correction coefficient and a pre-set telescopic amount control model. Based on the current intensity and application time, current is applied to the shape memory alloy mesh layer to achieve telescopic oil pipe extension and contraction. This method adaptively adjusts the length of the telescopic oil pipe through its extension and contraction, avoiding repeated adjustments and wasted length during installation. It also prevents damage caused by friction between an overly long oil pipe and the vehicle frame, and stress concentration at the joint caused by an overly short oil pipe, which increases leakage rates.

[0101] In some embodiments, the structural parameters include: a mechanical constraint factor of the buffer layer, a thermal hysteresis factor of the lining layer, and a density and heat transfer factor of the alloy wire mesh; the structural correction coefficient determination module is further configured to determine the structural correction coefficient based on the mechanical constraint factor of the buffer layer, the thermal hysteresis factor of the lining layer, and the density and heat transfer factor of the alloy wire mesh using the following formula: ;in, represents the structural correction factor, represents the mechanical constraint factor of the buffer layer, Represents the thermal hysteresis factor of the lining layer. represents the alloy wire mesh density and the heat transfer rate factor.

[0102] In some embodiments, the structure correction coefficient determination module is further configured to represent the target expansion and contraction amount based on the structure correction coefficient by the following formula: represents the target expansion and contraction amount, represents the structure correction coefficient, represents the alloy material constant, I represents the current intensity, and t represents the application time; based on the representation of the target expansion and contraction amount and the pre-set expansion and contraction amount control model, the current intensity and the application time applied to the shape memory alloy wire mesh layer are determined.

[0103] In some embodiments, the current intensity determination module is further configured to represent the expansion and contraction amount control model by the following formula: ; based on the representation of the expansion and contraction amount control model and the representation of the target expansion and contraction amount, the current intensity and the application time applied to the shape memory alloy wire mesh layer are determined; wherein the maximum value of the current intensity is determined by the following formula: ; wherein I represents the current intensity, Imax represents the maximum value of the current intensity, R represents the alloy resistance, T represents the alloy temperature, Tmax represents the maximum value of the alloy temperature, and the maximum value of the alloy temperature is set to 85℃, represents the ambient temperature.

[0104] In some embodiments, the current intensity determination module is further configured to apply the current to the shape memory alloy wire mesh layer based on the current intensity and the application time through PID closed-loop control. In some embodiments, the current application module is further configured to monitor the alloy temperature and the actual expansion and contraction amount of the expansion and contraction oil pipe in real time; dynamically adjust the current through the PID algorithm; wherein when the PID parameters are set, the proportional coefficient is adjusted until the system oscillates, and the critical gain and period are recorded; the PID parameters are set according to the pre-set formula.

[0105] In some embodiments, the current application module is further configured to predict the service life of the expansion and contraction oil pipe; the prediction of the service life of the expansion and contraction oil pipe comprises: determining the life consumption index by the following formula: ; wherein, represents the life consumption index, N represents the cumulative cycle number, Nhigh represents the high-temperature number, Nmid represents the medium-temperature number, Nlow represents the low-temperature number, represents the total heating time.

[0106] In some embodiments, the structure of the expansion and contraction oil pipe comprises: a shape memory alloy wire mesh layer, a silicon rubber aramid buffer layer, a PTFE inner lining layer, and an end electrode piece for connecting an external power supply.​

[0107] The device provided by the embodiments of the present application has the same implementation principle and generated technical effects as the foregoing method embodiments. For brevity, the part of the device embodiments not mentioned in the foregoing method embodiments can be referred to the corresponding content in the foregoing method embodiments.

[0108] Embodiment 4 The embodiments of the present application also provide an electronic device for running the shape memory alloy-based telescopic tubing control method described above. Referring to Figure 4 The electronic device shown in FIG. 4 includes a memory 400 and a processor 401, wherein the memory 400 is configured to store one or more computer instructions, and the one or more computer instructions are executed by the processor 401 to implement the shape memory alloy-based telescopic tubing control method described above.

[0109] Further, Figure 4 The electronic device shown in FIG. 4 further includes a bus 402 and a communication interface 403, and the processor 401, the communication interface 403 and the memory 400 are connected through the bus 402.

[0110] The memory 400 can include a high-speed random access memory (RAM) and can also include a non-volatile memory such as at least one disk memory. The communication connection between the system network element and at least one other network element is implemented through at least one communication interface 403 (which can be wired or wireless), and the Internet, a wide area network, a local area network, a metropolitan area network, etc. can be used. The bus 402 can be an ISA bus, a PCI bus, an EISA bus, etc. The bus can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For brevity, Figure 4 In FIG. 4, only one bidirectional arrow is used to represent the bus, but it does not mean that there is only one bus or only one type of bus.

[0111] The processor 401 may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. During implementation, each step of the above method can be completed by hardware integrated logic circuits in the processor 401 or by software instructions. The above processor 401 may be a general-purpose processor, including a central processing unit (CPU), a network processor (NP), etc.; it may also be a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, or discrete hardware components. It can implement or execute the various methods, steps, and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The steps of the method disclosed in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention can be directly implemented and executed by a hardware decoding processor, or by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor. The software module can be located in a storage medium well-known in the art, such as random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, electrically erasable programmable memory, registers, etc. The storage medium is located in memory 400, and processor 401 reads the information in memory 400 and, in conjunction with its hardware, completes the steps of the method of the aforementioned embodiment.

[0112] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores computer-executable instructions. When the computer-executable instructions are called and executed by a processor, the computer-executable instructions prompt the processor to implement the above-mentioned shape memory alloy-based telescopic oil pipe control method. The specific implementation can be found in the method embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0113] The computer program product for the shape memory alloy-based telescopic oil pipe control method provided in an embodiment of the present invention includes a computer-readable storage medium storing non-volatile program code executable by a processor. The instructions included in the program code can be used to execute the method in the previous method embodiment. The specific implementation can be found in the method embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0114] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, devices and units described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0115] In several embodiments provided by the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed system, device and method can be implemented in other manners. The described device embodiments are merely schematic, and the division of units is merely logical function division, and there can be another division manner in actual implementation, for example, a plurality of units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the displayed or discussed mutual couplings or direct couplings or communication connections can be indirect couplings or communication connections through some interfaces, devices or units, and can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0116] The units described as separated components can or can not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units can or can not be physical units, i.e., can be located in one place, or can be distributed on a plurality of network units. In actual implementation, some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purposes of the embodiments of the present application.

[0117] In addition, each functional unit in the various embodiments of the present application can be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically as a separate unit, or two or more units can be integrated in one unit.

[0118] If the functions are implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a non-volatile computer readable storage medium of a processor. Based on such understanding, the technical solutions of the present application essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art or part of the technical solutions can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium, and includes a plurality of instructions for causing a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods in the various embodiments of the present application. The foregoing storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), magnetic disk or optical disk, and various media that can store program codes.

[0119] Finally, it should be noted that the above-described embodiments are merely specific embodiments of the present application, which are used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, but not to limit the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that any person skilled in the art can still make modifications or easily think of changes to the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent replacements to some technical features therein, within the technical range disclosed by the present application. The modifications, changes or replacements do not make the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and should be covered within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A telescopic oil pipe control method based on shape memory alloy, characterized in that: The method comprises: Obtaining the target expansion and contraction amount of the expansion and contraction oil pipe and the structural parameters of the shape memory alloy wire mesh layer; determining a structural correction factor based on the structural parameters; Determining the current intensity and application time applied to the shape memory alloy wire mesh layer based on the structure correction coefficient and a preset expansion and contraction control model; Based on the current intensity and the application time, current is applied to the shape memory alloy wire mesh layer to achieve expansion and contraction of the telescopic oil pipe.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The structural parameters include: a mechanical constraint factor of the buffer layer, a thermal hysteresis factor of the lining layer, and a density and heat transfer factor of the alloy wire mesh; The determining of the structural correction coefficient based on the structural parameters includes: The structural correction factor is determined by the following formula based on the mechanical constraint factor of the buffer layer, the thermal hysteresis factor of the lining layer, and the alloy wire mesh density and heat transfer rate factor: ;in, represents the structural correction factor, represents the mechanical constraint factor of the buffer layer, represents the thermal hysteresis factor of the lining layer, represents the alloy wire mesh density and heat transfer rate factor.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The determining of the current intensity and application time applied to the shape memory alloy wire mesh layer based on the structure correction coefficient and the preset expansion and contraction control model includes: The target expansion amount is expressed based on the structural correction coefficient by the following formula: ; represents the target expansion amount, represents the structural correction factor, represents the alloy material constant, I represents the current intensity, and t represents the application time; Based on the representation of the target expansion and contraction amount and a preset expansion and contraction amount control model, the intensity and application time of the current applied to the shape memory alloy wire mesh layer are determined.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The determining of the current intensity and application time applied to the shape memory alloy wire mesh layer based on the representation of the target expansion and contraction amount and a preset expansion and contraction amount control model includes: The expansion control model is expressed by the following formula: ; determining the intensity and application time of the current applied to the shape memory alloy wire mesh layer based on the representation of the expansion and contraction control model and the representation of the target expansion and contraction; The maximum value of the current intensity is determined by the following formula: ; Where I represents the current intensity, I max represents the maximum current intensity, R represents the alloy resistance, T represents the alloy temperature, T max Indicates the maximum value of the alloy temperature, which is set to 85°C. Indicates the ambient temperature.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein Applying current to the shape memory alloy wire mesh layer based on the current intensity and the application time includes: applying current to the shape memory alloy wire mesh layer based on the current intensity and the application time through PID closed-loop control; The applying current to the shape memory alloy wire mesh layer based on the current intensity and the application time through PID closed-loop control includes: Real-time monitoring of alloy temperature and actual expansion and contraction of expansion and contraction oil pipe; Dynamically adjust the current through PID algorithm; When tuning the PID parameters, adjust the proportional coefficient until the system oscillates, and record the critical gain and period; set the PID parameters according to the preset formula.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method further comprises: Predicting the service life of the telescopic oil pipe; The predicting of the service life of the telescopic oil pipe includes: The life consumption index is determined by the following formula: ； in, Represents the life consumption index, N represents the cumulative number of cycles, N high Indicates the number of high temperatures, N mid Indicates the number of medium temperature times, N low Indicates the number of low temperatures, Indicates the total heating time.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The structure of the telescopic oil pipe includes: a shape memory alloy wire mesh layer, a silicone rubber aramid buffer layer, a PTFE lining layer and an end electrode sheet, and the end electrode sheet is used to connect to an external power supply.

8. A telescopic oil pipe control device based on shape memory alloy, characterized in that: The device comprises: A data acquisition module, used to obtain the target expansion and contraction amount of the expansion and contraction oil pipe and the structural parameters of the shape memory alloy wire mesh layer; a structural correction coefficient determination module, configured to determine a structural correction coefficient based on the structural parameters; a current intensity determination module, configured to determine the current intensity and application time applied to the shape memory alloy wire mesh layer based on the structure correction coefficient and a preset expansion and contraction control model; The current applying module is used to apply current to the shape memory alloy wire mesh layer based on the current intensity and the application time to achieve the expansion and contraction of the telescopic oil pipe.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores computer-executable instructions that can be executed by the processor, and the processor executes the computer-executable instructions to implement the shape memory alloy-based telescopic oil pipe control method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions. When the computer-executable instructions are called and executed by the processor, the computer-executable instructions prompt the processor to implement the shape memory alloy-based telescopic oil pipe control method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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