Evaporation overheating device and hydrogen production system

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of hydrogen production equipment, and particularly relates to an evaporation overheating device and a hydrogen production system.The evaporation overheating device is characterized in that a heat-conducting medium, a coil pipe used for circulating methyl alcohol and multiple sets of electric heating pipes distributed at intervals are arranged in a shell, the shell is used for introducing the heat-conducting medium, and the electric heating pipes and the coil pipe are at least partially in contact with the heat-conducting medium. The corrosion phenomenon caused by direct contact between the electric heating pipe and the methanol solution is avoided, efficient and accurate heat exchange is facilitated, the fault occurrence rate caused by multiple devices is reduced, and the maintenance cost of the device is greatly reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of hydrogen production equipment, and particularly relates to a vaporization and overheating device and a hydrogen production system. BACKGROUND

[0002] Hydrogen is a renewable energy source with a wide range of sources. In the hydrogen production process, the methanol cracking hydrogen production process uses methanol as a raw material, which has a wide range of sources and a low price. The molecular formula of methanol is CH3OH, and the hydrogen content is high, so the hydrogen element utilization rate is high. Methanol cracking hydrogen production shows a wide application prospect. In the traditional methanol cracking hydrogen production process, hydrogen is produced through a methanol cracking process and a shift reaction process, and the reaction processes are as follows:

[0003] Methanol cracking process: CH3OH→CO+2H2

[0004] Shift reaction process: CO+H2O→CO2+H2

[0005] Both the methanol cracking process and the shift reaction process are endothermic processes, which need to be carried out at a certain temperature, a certain pressure and under the action of a catalyst. Generally, in order to promote the methanol cracking process, the hydrogen production system sequentially preheats and vaporizes the methanol through a steam generator, an overheater and other devices, so that the liquid methanol finally becomes a superheated steam state, and then enters a cracking reactor to carry out a methanol cracking reaction. The equipment structure of the steam vaporization and overheating is relatively complex, the overall volume of the hydrogen production system is large, and since the hydrogen production system involves a large number of equipment, the equipment failure risk is high, the maintenance cost is also high, and the heat exchange efficiency is not high. SUMMARY

[0006] The purpose of the present application is to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art, and to provide a vaporization and overheating device and a hydrogen production system, which avoids the occurrence of corrosion phenomenon of the electric heating pipe caused by direct contact with the methanol solution by arranging the heat-conducting medium, the coil pipe for circulating the methanol and the multiple groups of electric heating pipes distributed at intervals in the shell, which is beneficial to efficient, accurate, uniform and stable heat exchange, and reduces the failure rate caused by multiple equipment, greatly reducing the maintenance cost of the device.

[0007] The technical scheme adopted by the present application to solve its technical problems is as follows:

[0008] In a first aspect, a vaporization and overheating device comprises:

[0009] A shell having an inner cavity, the shell being provided with a first opening and a second opening communicating with the inner cavity, the first opening being lower than the second opening;

[0010] A heater provided with multiple groups of electric heating pipes distributed at intervals in the circumferential direction, the electric heating pipes extending into the shell;

[0011] A coil pipe is arranged in the shell and is arranged around the outer periphery of the electric heating pipe, a bottom end of the coil pipe passes through the first opening and extends out of the shell to form a methanol solution inlet, and a top end of the coil pipe passes through the second opening and extends out of the shell to form a methanol vapor outlet.

[0012] The shell is used to place a heat-conducting medium, and the electric heating pipe and the coil pipe are at least partially in contact with the heat-conducting medium.

[0013] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the electric heating pipe comprises a bent pipe and two vertical pipes extending in the up-down direction, the bent pipe is arranged between the end portions of the two vertical pipes to form a U shape, and the electric heating pipe is distributed equidistantly along the circumference of the shell.

[0014] With reference to the first aspect and the above implementations, in some implementations of the first aspect, when projected in the up-down direction, each electric heating pipe is inclined at an equal angle to a tangent of a circle formed by the projection of the shell.

[0015] With reference to the first aspect and the above implementations, in some implementations of the first aspect, the electric heating pipe has an outer diameter D, a number X, and a length L, the electric heating pipe has a total surface area M, a unit mass enthalpy change Δh, and a methanol solution mass flow rate m in the coil pipe, and the formula is X·(πDL)=m·Δh / M.

[0016] With reference to the first aspect and the above implementations, in some implementations of the first aspect, a first temperature measuring assembly and a second temperature measuring assembly are arranged at intervals in the up-down direction of the shell, the first temperature measuring assembly is used to measure the temperature of the heat-conducting medium at the bottom of the shell, and the second temperature measuring assembly is used to measure the temperature of the heat-conducting medium at the top of the shell.

[0017] With reference to the first aspect and the above implementations, in some implementations of the first aspect, a control system is further included, a third temperature measuring assembly is arranged at the methanol vapor outlet, and the control system is used to acquire temperature measurement data of the second temperature measuring assembly and the third temperature measuring assembly to control the heating power of the heater.

[0018] With reference to the first aspect and the above implementations, in some implementations of the first aspect, the electric heating pipe extends in the length direction of the shell, the coil pipe is arranged in a spiral shape around the outer periphery of the electric heating pipe, and the pitch of the coil pipe is consistent in the up-down direction.

[0019] In combination with the first aspect and the foregoing implementation manners, in some implementation manners of the first aspect, a gap is provided between the coil pipe and the electric heating pipe, and the gap is filled with the heat-conducting medium, the heat-conducting medium completely contacts the coil pipe, and the heat-conducting medium comprises a heat-conducting metal or a heat-conducting oil.

[0020] In combination with the first aspect and the foregoing implementation manners, in some implementation manners of the first aspect, a sealing cover is arranged on the top of the shell, the sealing cover is provided with a pipe hole and a pouring opening which are in communication with the inner cavity, the electric heating pipe passes through the pipe hole of the sealing cover and extends into the inner cavity, and the pouring opening is used for pouring the heat-conducting medium.

[0021] The second aspect discloses a hydrogen production system comprising the evaporation and superheating device.

[0022] The evaporation and superheating device of the technical solution has at least one of the following advantages or beneficial effects: the evaporation and superheating device combines a steam generator and a superheater in the traditional technology, realizes the functions of evaporation and superheating, has a simple structure, greatly reduces the production cost, ensures the generation of superheated steam, improves the structure of multiple devices into a single evaporation and superheating device, reduces the failure rate caused by multiple devices, greatly reduces the maintenance cost of the device, and reduces the overall volume of the device.

[0023] The methanol solution is poured into the coil pipe, so that the methanol solution is spaced apart from the electric heating pipe, and direct contact between the two is avoided, thereby preventing the electric heating pipe from being corroded by the methanol solution. Meanwhile, the electric heating pipe and the heat-conducting medium are used to heat the methanol solution, the heat-conducting performance and heat storage performance of the heat-conducting medium are good, accurate temperature control of the methanol solution in the coil pipe can be realized, efficient and accurate heat exchange is facilitated, multiple electric heating pipes 21 distributed along the circumference can effectively avoid damage to the system caused by leakage or the filling material such as magnesium powder in the electric heating pipe 21 entering the solution, the heat-conducting medium can be stably and uniformly heated, the failure rate is reduced, and the hydrogen production process can be stably performed.

[0024] In addition, the entire evaporation process of the evaporation and superheating device does not require liquid storage, the liquid inlet amount at the methanol solution inlet only needs to be adjusted according to the hydrogen production amount, the liquid can be vaporized after being poured, and liquid level control is not required, thereby reducing the safety risk. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] The application will be further described below with reference to the drawings:

[0026] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of the application;

[0027] Figure 2is Figure 1 a sectional view of one embodiment shown in the figure;

[0028] Figure 3 is Figure 1 a structure view of one embodiment shown in the figure, with the shell hidden;

[0029] Figure 4 is Figure 1 a bottom view of one embodiment shown in the figure, with the shell hidden;

[0030] Figure 5 is Figure 1 an axonometric view of one embodiment shown in the figure, with the shell hidden.

[0031] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Shell 1; inner cavity 11; sealing cover 12; pouring opening 121; mounting rack 13; heater 2; electric heating tube 21; mounting shell 22; elbow pipe 211; vertical pipe 212; coil pipe 3; methanol solution inlet 31; methanol vapor outlet 32; first temperature measuring assembly 41; second temperature measuring assembly 42; third temperature measuring assembly 43; gap 5. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] This part will describe the specific embodiments of the present application in detail, the preferred embodiments of the present application are shown in the drawings, the role of the drawings is to supplement the description of the text part with figures, so that people can intuitively and visually understand each technical feature and the overall technical solution of the present application, but it cannot be understood as a limitation on the protection scope of the present application.

[0034] In the present application, if the direction (up, down, left, right, front and back) is described, it is only for the convenience of describing the technical scheme of the present application, and is not indicative or suggestive of the technical features indicated must have a specific orientation, structure and operation in a specific orientation, therefore, it cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0035] In the present application, the meaning of "several" is one or more, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, "greater than" "less than" "more than" and the like are not included in the number; "above" "below" "within" and the like are understood to include the number. In the description of the present application, if "first" "second" is described, it is only for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, and cannot be understood as indicating or suggesting relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the sequence of indicated technical features.

[0036] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly defined, terms such as "disposed," "installed," and "connected" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they may refer to direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; fixed connection or detachable connection or integral molding; mechanical connection or electrical connection or mutual communication; and internal connection between two components or interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific content of the technical solution.

[0037] Hydrogen is a renewable energy source with a wide range of sources, including water, natural gas, methanol, ethanol, and biomass. Due to the depletion of energy and environmental pollution caused by fossil fuels, people are increasingly seeking clean energy. Hydrogen has a high calorific value and produces no pollution, making it a clean and sustainable energy source.

[0038] See also Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3 The embodiment of the present invention provides an evaporation superheating device, comprising a housing 1, a heater 2 and a coil 3. The housing 1 is arranged in an up-down direction and has an inner cavity 11. Figure 3 The housing 1 is provided with a first opening (not shown) and a second opening (not shown) communicating with the inner cavity 11, with the first opening being lower than the second opening. The heater 2 is provided with a plurality of groups of electric heating tubes 21 spaced apart along the circumference, and the electric heating tubes 21 extend into the housing 1.

[0039] Coil 3 is disposed within housing 1 and wound around the outer circumference of electric heating tube 21. The bottom end of coil 3 passes through a first opening and extends out of housing 1, forming a methanol solution inlet 31 for admitting a methanol solution at room temperature or a predetermined temperature. The top end of coil 3 passes through a second opening and extends out of housing 1, forming a methanol vapor outlet 32 ​​for releasing vapor generated by the liquid methanol absorbing heat.

[0040] The housing 1 is used to house a heat-conducting medium. The heat-conducting medium has strong thermal conductivity and heat storage properties, a uniform overall temperature, and small temperature fluctuations, enabling relatively accurate temperature control. The electric heating tube 21 and the coil 3 are at least partially in contact with the heat-conducting medium. The electric heating tube 21 preheats the heat-conducting medium or maintains it at a certain temperature. The coil 3 absorbs heat from the heat-conducting medium through its surface and transfers it to the methanol solution or methanol vapor inside, allowing the methanol solution to vaporize and superheat. This ensures that the methanol solution in the coil 3 can evenly and stably absorb heat from the heating tube through the heat-conducting medium, achieving efficient heat exchange.

[0041] In use, the methanol solution enters the coil 3 in the shell 1 through the methanol solution inlet 31, and the heat-conducting medium is uniformly and stably heated under the heating action of the electric heating pipe 21 until the preset temperature range is reached. With the continuous influx of the methanol solution, the methanol solution slowly rises in the coil 3 and exchanges heat with the heat-conducting medium in the rising process, thereby continuously absorbing heat and gradually vaporizing from liquid to saturated steam, and then superheating from saturated steam to superheated steam.

[0042] The evaporation and superheating device of the technical solution combines the steam generator and the superheater in the conventional technology into one, realizing the function of evaporation and superheating in one step. In the conventional technology, the solution is first vaporized into saturated steam at 100-155 DEG C by using the steam generator, and then the saturated steam is superheated to become superheated steam at about 230 DEG C by using the superheater. The evaporation and superheating device of the technical solution can directly form superheated steam at about 230 DEG C at the methanol steam outlet 32 after the liquid is introduced through the methanol solution inlet 31, realizing one-step operation, simple structure, and greatly reduced production cost. While ensuring the generation of superheated steam, the structure of multiple devices is improved to the evaporation and superheating device capable of single operation, reducing the failure rate caused by multiple devices, greatly reducing the maintenance cost of the device, and reducing the occupied volume of the equipment.

[0043] By arranging the coil 3, the heat-conducting medium, and the multiple groups of electric heating pipes 21 distributed along the circumference in the shell 1, the methanol solution is introduced into the coil 3, so that the methanol solution is spaced apart from the electric heating pipes 21, and direct contact between the two is prevented, thereby preventing the corrosion of the electric heating pipes 21 by the methanol solution. At the same time, the methanol solution is heated by using the electric heating pipes 21 and the heat-conducting medium. Since the heat-conducting medium has good heat-conducting and heat-storing performance, it can accurately control the temperature of the methanol solution in the coil 3, facilitating efficient and accurate heat exchange. The multiple groups of electric heating pipes 21 distributed along the circumference can effectively avoid damage to the system caused by leakage or the entry of magnesium powder or other fillers in the electric heating pipes 21 into the solution, ensure that the heat-conducting medium can be stably and uniformly heated, reduce the occurrence of failure rate, and ensure that the hydrogen production process can be stably carried out.

[0044] Furthermore, the entire evaporation process of the evaporation and superheating device does not require liquid storage, and the liquid amount at the methanol solution inlet 31 only needs to be adjusted according to the hydrogen production amount, and the liquid can be vaporized without liquid level control, reducing the safety risk.

[0045] The structure and arrangement of the electric heating pipe 21 can be reasonably arranged according to the heat requirement of the methanol solution when changing from liquid to superheated steam at a specific temperature. Figure 4 and Figure 5In some embodiments, the electric heating tube 21 comprises a bent tube 211 and two vertical tubes 212 extending in the up-down direction, the bent tube 211 is arranged between the two vertical tubes 212, forming a U shape, that is, the electric heating tube 21 is a U-shaped tube. The electric heating tube 21 is distributed equidistantly along the circumference of the shell 1, which can greatly guarantee the stability and uniformity of heating and reduce the failure rate.

[0046] Further, referring to Figure 4 , when projected in the up-down direction, each electric heating tube 21 is inclined at an equal angle to the tangent of the circle formed by the projection of the shell 1, that is, the line segment formed by the projection of each bent tube 211 in the up-down direction is inclined at an equal angle to the tangent of the circle formed by the projection of the shell 1 in the up-down direction. In other words, in the up-down direction projection, any two electric heating tubes do not intersect.

[0047] According to the temperature requirement at the methanol vapor outlet 32 and the maximum heating power requirement of the heater, by reasonably setting the angle between the electric heating tube 21 and the tangent of the circle, the heat can be uniformly and stably transferred to the heat-conducting medium around the electric heating tube 21, so that the heat-conducting medium in the shell 1 can quickly absorb heat and transfer heat to the methanol liquid or vapor in the coil 3, so that it reaches the set temperature value in a certain unit length, and the temperature control is more accurate.

[0048] Further, referring to Figure 1 , the evaporation and superheating device further comprises a first temperature measuring assembly 41 and a second temperature measuring assembly 42 arranged in the up-down direction of the shell 1, the first temperature measuring assembly 41 is used to measure the temperature of the heat-conducting medium at the bottom of the shell 1, and the second temperature measuring assembly 42 is used to measure the temperature of the heat-conducting medium at the top of the shell 1, so as to monitor whether the temperatures of the heat-conducting medium at different positions in the shell 1 are within the predetermined range.

[0049] Further, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 4 , the evaporation and superheating device further comprises a control system, a third temperature measuring assembly 43 is arranged at the methanol vapor outlet 32, and the third temperature measuring assembly 43 is used to measure the temperature of the superheated vapor converted from the methanol solution. The control system is used to obtain the temperature measurement data of the second temperature measuring assembly 42 and the third temperature measuring assembly 43, so as to control the heating power of the heater 2, so as to meet the demand of the hydrogen production system for automatically adjusting the heating power of the heater 2 according to different hydrogen production amounts (such as 30%-110%), without changing the control parameters such as the liquid inlet amount and the temperature of the evaporation and superheating, so as to automatically match different hydrogen production amounts and facilitate control.

[0050] For example, for a 100 m3 device, when the hydrogen production is 100 m3, the liquid inlet quantity is large, the heat absorption quantity is large, the steam superheating temperature of the methanol solution is maintained at 230°C, that is, the temperature measured by the third temperature measuring assembly 43 is maintained at 230°C, and the heater 2 automatically opens a larger load; when the hydrogen production is 30 m3, the heat absorption quantity is small, the steam superheating temperature of the methanol solution is maintained at 230°C, that is, the temperature measured by the third temperature measuring assembly 43 is maintained at 230°C, and the heater 2 automatically opens a smaller load, without the need for manual parameter modification and intervention.

[0051] Specifically, the second temperature measuring assembly 42 measures the temperature of the heat conducting medium located at the top of the shell 1, and the control system obtains the temperature data measured by the second temperature measuring assembly 42 to interlock the heater 2, and controls the temperature by PID to realize the regulation of the temperature of the heat conducting medium in the shell 1, so that the heat conducting medium is maintained within a certain temperature range, thereby ensuring that the methanol solution flowing upward in the coil pipe 3 can be converted from liquid to saturated steam and superheated steam in sequence.

[0052] The third temperature measuring assembly 43 measures the temperature of the superheated steam at the methanol steam outlet 32, and the control system obtains the temperature data measured by the second temperature measuring assembly 42 to interlock the heater 2, and controls the heating of the heater 2 by PID technology, so that the steam temperature at the methanol steam outlet 32 is maintained at a first temperature, such as about 230°C, to ensure that the superheated steam meets the temperature requirement for entering the next device, such as a cracking reactor, thereby meeting the temperature condition for methanol cracking.

[0053] Further, referring to Figure 5 , the outer diameter of the electric heating pipe 21 is D, the number is X, the length is L, the total surface area of the electric heating pipe 21 is M, the unit mass enthalpy change is Δh, and the mass flow rate of the methanol solution in the coil pipe 3 is m, wherein the formula is: X·(πDL)=m·Δh / M. The number, length and outer diameter of the electric heating pipe 21 set in this way can effectively ensure the heating requirement under a certain range of hydrogen production requirement, ensure that the evaporation and superheating device can realize the evaporation and superheating of the methanol solution in the coil pipe 3 in sequence, and finally output superheated steam at about 230°C to meet the hydrogen production demand. Wherein, the total surface area of the electric heating pipe 21 is M=m·Δh / W, and W is the surface load; the length of the electric heating pipe 21 can be reasonably set according to the actual equipment height of the evaporation and superheating device.

[0054] The liquid inlet quantity at the methanol solution inlet 31 is adjusted according to the hydrogen production quantity, without the need for liquid level control, and only by adjusting the heating power of the heater within a certain range through the control system, the temperature of the methanol steam outlet 32 can be stabilized at about 230°C, meeting the temperature requirement of methanol cracking in the next step of hydrogen production, greatly simplifying the steps of hydrogen production, and facilitating control and use.

[0055] Referring toFigure 4 In some embodiments, the gap 5 between the coil 3 and the electric heating tube 21 is filled with a heat-conducting medium, which is in full contact with the coil 3, so that the methanol solution in the coil 3 is heated through the heat-conducting medium, the heat exchange is uniform and stable, the temperature control is accurate, and the heat exchange efficiency is high.

[0056] Referring to Figure 2 In some embodiments, the electric heating tube 21 extends along the length direction of the shell 1, so that the heating stroke of the electric heating tube 21 is longer, and the heat demand of the methanol solution in the coil 3 after absorbing heat is met, which is converted from liquid to saturated steam and then to superheated steam in sequence. Figure 3 and Figure 5 The coil 3 is spirally arranged around the outer periphery of the electric heating tube 21, which can reduce the deposition of scale and the like. The pitch of the coil 3 is consistent in the up-down direction, which ensures that the methanol solution can stably and uniformly absorb a certain amount of heat in a certain length unit, and guarantees the heat exchange effect.

[0057] In some embodiments, the heat-conducting medium includes a heat-conducting metal or a heat-conducting oil. The heat-conducting metal can be a metal with a low melting point, such as copper, cast iron, aluminum alloy, etc., which is convenient to pour into the shell 1 and has strong heat-conducting capacity, meeting the heat exchange demand of the methanol solution converted from liquid to superheated steam. It can be understood that the heat-conducting medium can also be other heat-conducting medium such as silver, or ceramic materials such as alumina ceramic, aluminum nitride ceramic, or new composite materials such as graphene composite material, which is not limited herein.

[0058] Further, referring to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5 The top of the shell 1 is provided with a sealing cover 12, which ensures that the shell 1 is in a sealed state and guarantees the safety of the equipment. The sealing cover 12 is provided with a pipe hole and a pouring opening 121 communicating with the inner cavity 11. The electric heating tube 21 passes through the pipe hole of the sealing cover 12 and extends into the inner cavity 11. The pouring opening 121 is used for pouring the heat-conducting medium such as copper, cast iron, aluminum alloy, etc., which is convenient to add the heat-conducting medium as needed, ensures the stability of the liquid level of the heat-conducting medium in the shell 1, and guarantees the heat exchange effect.

[0059] Referring to Figures 1 to 3 , Figure 5 In some embodiments, the heater 2 includes a mounting shell 22, an explosion-proof junction box, and the electric heating tube 21. The explosion-proof junction box is arranged in the mounting shell 22. One end of the electric heating tube 21 is mounted in the mounting shell 22 and electrically connected with the explosion-proof junction box. The other end of the electric heating tube 21 extends into the shell 1. The explosion-proof junction box improves the safety of the equipment.

[0060] Further, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2The outer periphery of the shell 1 is provided with two mounting racks 13 arranged oppositely, facilitating installation of the evaporation superheating device.

[0061] The application further provides a hydrogen production system comprising the evaporation superheating device. The hydrogen production system further comprises a cracking reactor, a cooler, a gas-liquid separator and an adsorption tower mechanism. The methanol solution is heated and vaporized into superheated steam by the evaporation superheating device, and then the superheated steam enters the cracking reactor to generate mixed gas of carbon dioxide and hydrogen after a cracking reaction, and then the mixed gas is cooled by the cooler and enters the gas-liquid separator to be separated into gas and liquid, and then the separated mixed gas enters the adsorption tower mechanism to be adsorbed and treated, and finally hydrogen is generated.

[0062] In the description of the present specification, the description referring to the terms "example", "embodiment" or "some embodiments" and the like means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In the present specification, the illustrative description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0063] Of course, the present application is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make equivalent modifications or replacements without departing from the spirit of the present application, and these equivalent modifications or replacements are included in the scope defined by the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. An evaporation superheating device, characterized in that: include: A housing having an inner cavity, wherein the housing is provided with a first opening and a second opening communicating with the inner cavity, wherein the first opening is lower than the second opening; A heater is provided with a plurality of groups of electric heating tubes spaced apart along the circumference, wherein the electric heating tubes extend into the shell; a coil disposed in the housing and wound around the outer circumference of the electric heating tube, wherein the bottom end of the coil passes through the first opening and extends out of the housing to form a methanol solution inlet, and the top end of the coil passes through the second opening and extends out of the housing to form a methanol vapor outlet; The shell is used to place a heat-conducting medium, and the electric heating tube and the coil are at least partially in contact with the heat-conducting medium.

2. The evaporation superheating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electric heating tube includes a bend and two vertical tubes extending in the up-down direction. The bend is arranged between the ends of the two vertical tubes to form a U shape. The electric heating tubes are evenly spaced along the circumference of the shell.

3. The evaporation superheating device according to claim 2, characterized in that: When projected in the up and down directions, each of the electric heating tubes is inclined at the same angle to the tangent of the circle formed by the projection of the shell.

4. The evaporation superheating device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer diameter of the electric heating tube is D, the number is X, and the length is L. The total surface area of ​​the electric heating tube is M, the unit mass enthalpy change is Δh, and the mass flow rate of the methanol solution in the coil is m, wherein the formula is: X·(πDL)=m·Δh / M.

5. The evaporation superheating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a first temperature measuring component and a second temperature measuring component spaced apart along the upper and lower directions of the shell, the first temperature measuring component is used to measure the temperature of the heat-conducting medium located at the bottom of the shell, and the second temperature measuring component is used to measure the temperature of the heat-conducting medium located at the top of the shell.

6. The evaporation superheating device according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a control system. A third temperature measuring component is provided at the methanol vapor outlet. The control system is used to obtain temperature measurement data of the second temperature measuring component and the third temperature measuring component to control the heating power of the heater.

7. The evaporation superheating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electric heating tube extends along the length direction of the shell, and the coil is spirally wound around the outer circumference of the electric heating tube, and the pitch of the coil remains consistent in the vertical direction.

8. The evaporation superheating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: There is a gap between the coil and the electric heating tube, and the gap is filled with the heat-conducting medium. The heat-conducting medium completely contacts the coil, and the heat-conducting medium includes heat-conducting metal or heat-conducting oil.

9. The evaporation superheating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealing cover is provided on the top of the shell. The sealing cover is provided with a pipe hole and a casting port connected to the inner cavity. The electric heating tube extends into the inner cavity after passing through the sealing cover through the pipe hole. The casting port is used to introduce the heat-conducting medium.

10. A hydrogen production system, characterized in that: The evaporation superheating device comprises the evaporation superheating device according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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