Special silicon-containing compound fertilizer for lodging resistance and disease prevention of rice and preparation method of special silicon-containing compound fertilizer

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of compound fertilizers, and discloses a silicon-containing compound fertilizer special for lodging resistance and disease prevention of rice and a preparation method thereof.The silicon-containing compound fertilizer is prepared from 30-35 parts of organic compound matrix, 20-26 parts of straw liquefied matter, 5-10 parts of water-soluble silicon fertilizer, 4-8 parts of humic acid, 1-1.5 parts of microbial agent, 0.5-0.8 part of polyglutamic acid, 5-10 parts of compound coating liquid and 0.2-0.5 part of microelement chelate, the composted duck manure, the peat and the coco coir are used as main raw materials, the air permeability of the peat is combined with nutrients of the duck manure, soil hardening can be improved, soil fertility can be improved, the water-soluble silicon fertilizer is matched with the organic compound matrix, absorption of silicon elements by rice is promoted, a silicified cell layer is formed on the stem epidermis, then the cell wall thickness is increased, and the rice yield is increased. The breaking strength of the stalks is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of compound fertilizer, in particular to a silicon-containing special compound fertilizer for rice lodging resistance and disease prevention and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Fertilizer is an inorganic fertilizer made by chemical synthesis or mineral processing, mainly including nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer, potassium fertilizer and compound fertilizer. Nitrogen fertilizer is the core element of plant protein and chlorophyll synthesis, which can promote stem and leaf growth; phosphorus fertilizer can mainly enhance root development and fruit formation; potassium fertilizer focuses on improving crop stress resistance and promoting nutrient transport.

[0003] Rice is the main food for half of the world's population, and its growth directly relates to food security. However, rice often faces two major challenges of lodging and pests and diseases during growth. Although traditional fertilizers (such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer) play an important role in ensuring rice yield, their limitations are increasingly highlighted. Due to the lack of disease-resistant elements, the thickness of the siliconized cell layer of rice leaves is insufficient, so as to effectively resist bacterial infection, and the release rate of conventional compound fertilizer nutrients is also difficult to meet the needs of different growth stages of rice. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop a special compound fertilizer that can effectively improve the lodging resistance and disease prevention ability of rice. SUMMARY

[0004] To solve at least one technical problem in the background art, the present application provides a silicon-containing special compound fertilizer for rice lodging resistance and disease prevention and a preparation method thereof, which enhances the mechanical strength of rice stems and the siliconized cell layer of rice leaves, improves the lodging resistance and disease prevention ability of rice, and further improves the yield and quality of rice.

[0005] The technical scheme adopted by the present application to solve its technical problems is that the special fertilizer for root promotion and stress resistance of corn comprises 30-35 parts of organic compound substrate, 20-26 parts of straw liquefact, 5-10 parts of water-soluble silicon fertilizer, 4-8 parts of humic acid, 1-1.5 parts of microbial agent, 0.5-0.8 parts of polyglutamic acid, 5-10 parts of compound coating liquid and 0.2-0.5 parts of trace element chelate.

[0006] Preferably, one part of the organic compound substrate comprises mature duck manure (20%), peat (40%), coconut husk (30%) and perlite (10%).

[0007] Preferably, the microbial agent is mixed by Bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma and Brevibacillus laterosporus in a volume ratio of 2:1:1, and the effective viable bacterial count after mixing is at least 3x10 8 CFU / g.

[0008] Preferably, the complex coating liquid comprises chitosan (17%), modified montmorillonite (3%), glutaraldehyde (1%), glycerol (5%) and deionized water.

[0009] Preferably, the trace element chelate includes chelates of zinc, boron and selenium, each in a volume ratio of 1:1:1.

[0010] The application provides a preparation method of a silicon-containing rice anti-lodging and disease-preventing special compound fertilizer, comprising the following steps: (1) First, the rotten duck manure, peat, coconut husk and perlite are weighed according to the proportion and then mixed by stirring to obtain an organic compound substrate; (2) Then, the Bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma and Brevibacillus laterosporus are inoculated into beef extract peptone medium respectively, and cultured at 28-30°C for at least 48 hours to obtain a compound microbial agent; (3) The organic compound substrate and straw liquefact are mixed according to the proportion, and the water-soluble silicon fertilizer and humic acid are added in the same proportion, and the moisture content is adjusted to 50%-55%, and then the mixture is fermented at 55-60°C for 5-7 days, and then the compound microbial agent is added to obtain a preliminary mixture; (4) Preparation of a complex coating liquid: according to the remaining amount of chitosan, modified montmorillonite, glutaraldehyde and glycerol, a sufficient amount of deionized water is added to the reaction kettle, and stirring is started, and heating is started to above 60°C, and after reaching the preset temperature, chitosan powder is added, and stirring is continued for at least 1.5h until dissolution, and then an equal amount of modified montmorillonite is added, and stirring is continued for 30min, and then cooling is waited until below 42°C, and then glutaraldehyde and glycerol are added in sequence, and low-speed stirring is started at 300rpm until complete mixing; (5) Granulation: the fermented mixture, polyglutamic acid and trace element chelate are mixed again, and a disc granulator is used to form granules; (6) Screening: the fertilizer granules are screened by using a screen with a pore size of 2-4mm to obtain uniform fertilizer granules; (7) Coating: the granules are preheated to 60-75°C, and then the complex coating liquid is sprayed, and drying is started under hot air at not less than 60°C for 30min to completely solidify the film layer, and then the silicon-containing rice anti-lodging and disease-preventing special compound fertilizer granules are obtained.

[0011] Preferably, in step (1), the rotten duck manure is weighed after removing impurities through a 5mm screen and is crushed to a diameter of less than 3mm, the peat and coconut husk are directly weighed and then broken to a diameter of less than 3mm, the pH value of the peat is adjusted to 3-5, and the perlite is directly weighed after passing through a 2mm fine screen.

[0012] Preferably, in step (4), the stirring speed of the stirring machine is not less than 300rpm after the chitosan powder is added, and the stirring speed is not less than 5000rpm after the modified montmorillonite is added.

[0013] Preferably, after the high-temperature fermentation of the preliminary mixture in step (3) is completed, the temperature is lowered to 35-40 DEG C for 10-15 days of re-fermentation, and the compound microbial agent is added when the temperature is lower than 40 DEG C.

[0014] Preferably, the spraying pressure of the compound coating liquid in step (7) is 0.4-0.6 MPa, and the spraying amount is 7%-10% of the weight of the particles.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the above technical scheme of the present application has the following beneficial technical effects: 1. The silicon-containing special compound fertilizer for rice lodging resistance and disease prevention and the preparation method thereof can improve soil compaction and improve soil fertility by using rotten duck manure, peat and coconut husk as main raw materials, and the combination of the air permeability of peat and the nutrients of duck manure can promote the absorption of silicon elements by rice and form a siliconized cell layer on the stem skin, thereby increasing the cell wall thickness and improving the stem bending strength.

[0016] 2. The silicon-containing special compound fertilizer for rice lodging resistance and disease prevention and the preparation method thereof can optimize the root development environment, improve the root-shoot ratio, enhance the root gripping force, and significantly reduce the lodging risk under adverse weather conditions such as typhoon and heavy rain by using the loose substrate structure composed of perlite and coconut husk to supply carbon source for straw liquefaction. 3. The silicon-containing special compound fertilizer for rice lodging resistance and disease prevention and the preparation method thereof can fully cross-link and solidify the modified montmorillonite composite film at a drying temperature higher than 60 DEG C, effectively control the nutrient release rate, and prolong the fertilizer efficiency period to 80-160 days, meeting the needs of the whole growth period of rice. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] The present application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 is the data setting table of the present application; Figure 2 is the growth index data comparison table of the present application; Figure 3 is the preparation flowchart of the silicon-containing special compound fertilizer for rice lodging resistance and disease prevention in the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present application more clear and explicit, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these descriptions are only exemplary and do not limit the scope of the present application. In addition, in the following description, the description of well-known structures and technologies is omitted to avoid unnecessary confusion of the concept of the present application.

[0020] In the description of the application, it should be pointed out that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "front end", "rear end", "two ends", "one end", "the other end" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, only for the convenience of describing the application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the application. In addition, the terms "first", "second" are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0021] In the description of the application, it should be pointed out that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "provided with", "connection" and the like should be broadly understood, for example, "connection" can be fixed connection, welding, riveting, bonding, etc., or can be detachable connection, threaded connection, key connection, pin connection, etc., or integrally connected; can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection; can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; can be the communication between the two elements inside. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0022] Embodiment one The application provides a special composite fertilizer for rice lodging and disease prevention containing silicon, which comprises 30-35 parts of organic composite substrate, 20-26 parts of straw liquefact, 5-10 parts of water-soluble silicon fertilizer, 4-8 parts of humic acid, 1-1.5 parts of microbial agent, 0.5-0.8 parts of polyglutamic acid, 5-10 parts of composite coating liquid and 0.2-0.5 parts of trace element chelate; one part of the organic composite substrate comprises mature duck manure (20%), peat (40%), coconut husk (30%) and perlite (10%). The mature duck manure, peat and coconut husk are used as main raw materials, the air permeability of the peat is combined with the nutrients of the duck manure to improve the soil compaction and improve the soil fertility, the water-soluble silicon fertilizer is combined with the organic composite substrate to promote the absorption of silicon elements by the rice and form a silicon cell layer on the stem skin, thereby increasing the cell wall thickness and improving the stem breaking strength, the loose substrate structure formed by the perlite and the coconut husk is combined with the carbon source supply of the straw liquefact to optimize the root development environment, improve the root-shoot ratio and enhance the root holding capacity, and the lodging risk under adverse weather such as typhoon and heavy rain is significantly reduced.

[0023] The microbial agent is prepared by mixing Bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma and Brevibacillus laterosporus at a volume ratio of 2:1:1, and the effective viable bacterial count of the mixture is at least 3x10 8 CFU / g; The composite coating solution comprises chitosan (17%), modified montmorillonite (3%), glutaraldehyde (1%), glycerol (5%) and deionized water, the modified montmorillonite is modified by intercalation of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, the interlayer spacing is expanded from 1.2 nm to 3.5 nm, and the specific surface area is increased to 200 m² / g; The trace element chelate includes chelates of zinc, boron and selenium, and the content of each element is 1:1:1 by volume ratio; Zinc participates in the synthesis of auxin, promotes rice tillering and grain formation, improves photosynthetic efficiency and enhances stress resistance, boron promotes pollen germination and pollen tube elongation, improves seed setting rate and enhances the tolerance of rice to potassium deficiency and drought, selenium improves antioxidant effect and reduces the damage of active oxygen to cells; the ratio of zinc, boron and selenium is also by volume ratio, and they synergize with each other, thereby significantly improving the yield and quality of rice.

[0024] The application provides a preparation method of a silicon-containing rice anti-tilting and disease-preventing special composite fertilizer. (1) First, the rotten duck manure, peat, coconut husk and perlite are weighed according to the proportion and then mixed to obtain an organic composite substrate; (2) Then, the bacillus subtilis, trichoderma and brevibacillus laterosporus are inoculated into beef extract peptone culture medium respectively, and are cultured at 28-30 DEG C constant temperature for at least 48 hours to obtain a composite microbial agent, the bacillus subtilis and the brevibacillus laterosporus can secrete protease, amylase and cellulase, and decompose the macromolecular organic matters such as protein and polysaccharide in the duck manure into amino acids, small molecular sugars and organic acids, so as to improve the content of available nitrogen and phosphorus in the substrate, and the chitinase and cellulase secreted by the trichoderma can assist in decomposing the crude fiber in the peat and coconut husk, and release mineral elements such as potassium and calcium, so as to improve the nutrient availability of the substrate; (3) The organic composite substrate is mixed with straw liquefact according to the proportion, and water-soluble silicon fertilizer and humic acid are added at the same proportion, and the moisture content is adjusted to 50%-55%, and then the mixture is fermented at high temperature of 55-60 DEG C for 5-7 days, the composite microbial agent is added after the fermentation is completed, and the preliminary mixture is obtained, the water-soluble silicon fertilizer is matched with the organic composite substrate, promotes the absorption of silicon elements by rice, forms a siliconization cell layer on the stem skin, and then increases the thickness of the cell wall, the humic acid as a natural organic macromolecular substance can further improve the air permeability and water retention, and improve the nutrient utilization rate, and directly promotes the growth and development of rice; (4) Composite coating liquid preparation: according to the residual amount of chitosan, modified montmorillonite, glutaraldehyde and glycerol, add enough deionized water to the reaction kettle and start stirring, and heat to above 60°C. After reaching the preset temperature, add chitosan powder, continue stirring for at least 1.5h until dissolved, then add equal proportions of modified montmorillonite, continue stirring for 30min, then wait to cool to below 42°C. Add glutaraldehyde and glycerol in turn, and mix completely at 300rpm low speed. The shear force generated by stirring at 300rpm breaks the clumps of chitosan powder, allowing it to disperse uniformly in water and avoid forming lumps. This provides a uniform matrix for the subsequent addition of modified montmorillonite, dissolving chitosan at medium speed first, then dispersing montmorillonite at high speed to avoid blocking the dissolution of chitosan due to the premature addition of montmorillonite. The composite system of modified montmorillonite and chitosan optimizes the mechanical strength and slow-release performance of the film, not only avoiding damage to fertilizer particles during transportation or application, but also synergistically improving the lodging resistance and disease resistance of rice by combining with water-soluble silicon fertilizer and microbial agent components. (5) Granulation: mix the fermented mixture with polyglutamic acid and trace element chelate again, and make granules through a disc granulator. By using polyglutamic acid in combination with water-soluble silicon fertilizer, the lodging resistance and disease resistance can be further enhanced, and the cell osmotic pressure can be increased, reducing water loss and improving the survival rate of rice under drought conditions. At the same time, the use of polyglutamic acid can reduce the amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium applied, and reduce the pollution of rice fields. (6) Screening: screen the fertilizer particles with a screen having a pore size of 2-4mm to obtain uniform fertilizer particles, to ensure uniform spraying of the composite coating liquid in the subsequent coating process, making the nutrient slow-release effect of the fertilizer more stable. (7) Coating: preheat the particles to 60-75°C, then spray the composite coating liquid, and dry under hot air not lower than 60°C for 30 minutes to completely solidify the film layer, obtaining silicon-containing rice anti-lodging and disease-resistant special composite fertilizer particles. Using a drying temperature higher than 60°C can fully crosslink and solidify the modified montmorillonite composite film, effectively control the nutrient release rate, and extend the fertilizer effect period to 80-160 days, meeting the needs of rice throughout the growth period.

[0025] In step (1), the mature duck manure is screened through a 5mm sieve, weighed, and then crushed to a diameter of less than 3mm. The peat and coconut husk are directly weighed and then broken to a diameter of less than 3mm. The pH value of the peat is adjusted to 3-5. The perlite is directly screened through a 2mm fine sieve and then weighed. The mature duck manure is crushed to <3mm, the peat and coconut husk are broken to <3mm, and the perlite is screened through a 2mm sieve to ensure uniform particle size distribution of the organic composite substrate.

[0026] In step (4), the stirring speed of the chitosan powder after addition is not less than 300rpm, and the stirring speed of the modified montmorillonite after addition is not less than 5000rpm, to ensure uniform dispersion and dissolution of different components.

[0027] After the initial mixture in step (3) is high-temperature fermented, it is transferred to medium-temperature fermentation at 35-40℃ for 10-15 days, and the composite microbial agent is added after the temperature is lower than 40℃. During the fermentation, the mixing and contacting of the organic composite substrate and the straw liquefact can improve the fermentation efficiency and shorten the fermentation period. The high-temperature fermentation can kill pathogenic bacteria and insect eggs, and the medium-temperature fermentation for 10-15 days can promote the decomposition of lignin and cellulose and improve the conversion rate of humic acid. The composite microbial agent is added 1-2 days before the end of the medium-temperature fermentation, which can not only retain the high-temperature sterilization effect but also avoid the inactivation of living bacteria. Through the composite microbial agent, the coconut coir and peat are accelerated to decompose, and the duck manure is accelerated to decompose for the second time, so that the organic materials are converted into active substrate with high fertilizer efficiency and ecological function, and the fertilizer efficiency is improved.

[0028] In step (7), the spraying pressure of the composite coating liquid is 0.4-0.6 MPa, and the spraying amount is 7%-10% of the weight of the particles. After 7%-10% of the coating liquid is sprayed by 0.4-0.6 MPa, a uniform film layer is formed, the release period of the water-soluble silicon fertilizer is extended to 60-80 days, and the core needs from tillering to squaring stage are met.

[0029] Example Two A silicon-containing special composite fertilizer for rice lodging resistance and disease prevention includes 30 parts of organic composite substrate, 20 parts of straw liquefact, 5 parts of water-soluble silicon fertilizer, 4 parts of humic acid, 1 part of microbial agent, 0.5 part of polyglutamic acid, 5 parts of composite coating liquid, and 0.2 part of trace element chelate. The preparation steps are the same as those in Example One.

[0030] Example Three A silicon-containing special composite fertilizer for rice lodging resistance and disease prevention includes 32 parts of organic composite substrate, 23 parts of straw liquefact, 8 parts of water-soluble silicon fertilizer, 6 parts of humic acid, 1.3 parts of microbial agent, 0.7 part of polyglutamic acid, 7 parts of composite coating liquid, and 0.3 part of trace element chelate. The preparation steps are the same as those in Example One.

[0031] Example Four A silicon-containing special composite fertilizer for rice lodging resistance and disease prevention includes 35 parts of organic composite substrate, 26 parts of straw liquefact, 10 parts of water-soluble silicon fertilizer, 8 parts of humic acid, 1.5 parts of microbial agent, 0.8 part of polyglutamic acid, 10 parts of composite coating liquid, and 0.5 part of trace element chelate. The preparation steps are the same as those in Example One.

[0032] According to Figures 1-2In the comparison of different components of the embodiment two, the embodiment three, the embodiment four and the control group, according to the comparison result, the number of fibrous roots of the embodiment two to four is increased by 50% to 114% compared with the control group, the length of the main root is increased by 39% to 122%, which benefits from the improvement of the rhizosphere microenvironment by the organic composite substrate and the straw liquefied substance, and the cooperation of the water-retaining chelation of the polyglutamic acid, so that the absorption efficiency of the root system to nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is increased by 25% to 35%, and the base fertilizer consumption can be reduced by 15% to 20%; In addition, the stem breaking strength is gradually increased with the increase of the proportion of silicon fertilizer, and the embodiment four is increased by 140% compared with the control group, and the density of silicified cells is 220 to 250 per square millimeter, which reduces the lodging rate from 30% to less than 5% under typhoon weather; The incidence of sheath blight is significantly reduced by the synergistic effect of the microbial agent, and the inhibition rate of the embodiment four is 92%, so as to reduce the use of pesticides and indirectly reduce the disease control cost; Finally, for different soil environments, different element ratios can also be adjusted, for example, for the nutrient-poor infertile soil, the proportion of microbial agents and trace element chelates can be increased to strengthen the nutrient activation and further enhance the nutrients; In summary, through the comparison of the embodiment and the control group, it can be seen that the special compound fertilizer of the application is superior to the traditional ternary compound fertilizer in the key indicators of root development, stress resistance and yield through the ternary synergistic system of "organic-silicon-microorganism", and the advantages are progressively enhanced with the increase of the formula ratio, which shows the great potential of the application in improving the yield and quality of rice.

[0033] Although the embodiments of the application have been shown and described, it can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, replacements and variations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirits of the application, and the scope of the application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A silicon-containing compound fertilizer for preventing rice from lodging and disease, characterized by: It includes 30-35 parts of organic composite matrix, 20-26 parts of straw liquefaction, 5-10 parts of water-soluble silicon fertilizer, 4-8 parts of humic acid, 1-1.5 parts of microbial agent, 0.5-0.8 parts of polyglutamic acid, 5-10 parts of composite coating liquid and 0.2-0.5 parts of trace element chelate.

2. The silicon-containing compound fertilizer for rice lodging resistance and disease prevention according to claim 1, characterized in that: One portion of the organic composite matrix includes decomposed duck manure (20%), peat (40%), coconut coir (30%) and perlite (10%).

3. The silicon-containing compound fertilizer for preventing rice from lodging and preventing diseases according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microbial agent is prepared by mixing Bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma and Brevibacillus laterosporus in a volume ratio of 2:1:1, and the effective viable bacteria count per gram is at least 3×10 8 CFU.

4. The silicon-containing compound fertilizer for preventing rice from lodging and preventing diseases according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composite coating solution comprises chitosan (17%), modified montmorillonite (3%), glutaraldehyde (1%), glycerol (5%) and deionized water.

5. The silicon-containing compound fertilizer for preventing rice from lodging and preventing diseases according to claim 1, characterized in that: The trace element chelate comprises a chelate of zinc, boron and selenium, and the content of each element is 1:1:1 in a volume ratio.

6. A method for preparing a silicon-containing compound fertilizer for preventing rice from lodging and disease, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) First, decomposed duck manure, peat, coconut husk and perlite were weighed in proportion and stirred to obtain an organic composite matrix; (2) Then, Bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma and Brevibacillus laterosporus were inoculated into beef extract peptone medium respectively, and cultured with shaking at a constant temperature of 28-30°C for at least 48 hours to obtain a composite bacterial agent; (3) Mix the organic composite matrix and straw liquefaction in proportion, add water-soluble silicon fertilizer and humic acid in equal proportions, adjust the water content to 50%-55%, and ferment at a high temperature of 55-60°C for 5-7 days. After fermentation is complete, add the composite bacterial agent to obtain a preliminary mixture; (4) Preparation of composite coating liquid: According to the remaining proportions of chitosan, modified montmorillonite, glutaraldehyde, and glycerol, add sufficient deionized water to the reactor and start stirring. Heat to above 60°C. After reaching the preset temperature, add chitosan powder and continue stirring for at least 1.5 hours until dissolved. Then add an equal proportion of modified montmorillonite and continue stirring for 30 minutes. After cooling to below 42°C, add glutaraldehyde and glycerol in sequence and stir at a low speed of 300 rpm until completely mixed. (5) Granulation: The fermented mixture is mixed with polyglutamic acid and trace element chelates again and granulated using a disc granulator; (6) Screening: The fertilizer particles are screened using a sieve with a pore size of 2 to 4 mm to obtain uniform fertilizer particles; (7) Coating: Preheat the granules to 60-75℃ and then spray the composite coating liquid on them. Dry them in hot air at no less than 60℃ for 30 minutes to completely solidify the film layer. Then you can get silicon-containing compound fertilizer granules for rice lodging resistance and disease prevention.

7. The method for preparing a silicon-containing compound fertilizer for preventing rice from lodging and preventing diseases according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step (1), the decomposed duck manure is weighed after being sieved through a 5 mm sieve to remove impurities, and is crushed to a diameter of less than 3 mm. The peat and coconut husk are directly weighed and then crushed to a diameter of less than 3 mm. The pH value of the peat is adjusted to 3-5, and the perlite is directly sieved through a 2 mm fine sieve and weighed.

8. The method for preparing a silicon-containing compound fertilizer for preventing rice from lodging and preventing diseases according to claim 6, characterized in that: After the chitosan powder is added in step (4), the stirrer speed is not less than 300 rpm, and after the modified montmorillonite is added, the stirrer speed is not less than 5000 rpm.

9. The method for preparing a silicon-containing compound fertilizer for preventing rice from lodging and preventing diseases according to claim 6, characterized in that: After the high-temperature fermentation of the preliminary mixture in step (3) is completed, the mixture is transferred to a medium temperature of 35-40°C for further fermentation for 10-15 days, and the composite bacterial agent is added after the temperature is lower than 40°C.

10. The method for preparing a silicon-containing compound fertilizer for preventing rice from lodging and preventing diseases according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step (6), the spraying pressure of the composite coating liquid is 0.4-0.6 MPa, and the spraying amount is 7% to 10% of the particle weight.

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