Method for rapidly treating sheep manure at high temperature to obtain special microbial organic fertilizer

Abstract

The invention provides a method for preparing a special microbial organic fertilizer by rapidly treating sheep manure at high temperature, and relates to the field of organic fertilizers, which comprises the following steps: mixing sheep manure, auxiliary materials and natural organic matter materials to obtain a mixture; the water content of the mixture is controlled to be 55%-60% of the total mass; and putting the mixture into high-temperature fermentation equipment, continuously ventilating under an aerobic condition, and maintaining the temperature at 60-80 DEG C for 4 hours to obtain the decomposed organic fertilizer. The defects that in the prior art, technology popularization is difficult, and the environment is polluted are overcome.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of organic fertilizers, in particular to a method for quickly processing sheep manure at high temperature to produce special microbial organic fertilizer. Background Art

[0002] Membrane fermentation technology is a relatively advanced and widely used processing technology. By covering the compost with a special functional membrane, it promotes fermentation in a high-temperature environment, effectively killing pathogens and insect eggs, and ultimately converting the compost into high-quality organic fertilizer raw materials. This technology has the advantages of short fermentation time, minimal nutrient loss, and good environmental protection. In rural areas, some farmers still use traditional composting methods. This method is simple and direct, and gradually decomposes sheep manure through the natural composting process. Large-scale organic fertilizer production enterprises occupy large land areas, pollute the environment with odor, and face problems such as long fermentation time, high nutrient loss, unstable quality of organic fertilizer produced, and susceptibility to weather.

[0003] Although the existing membrane fermentation technology has been promoted to a certain extent in some parts of my country and has achieved relatively good results, it is still difficult to popularize it in some rural areas due to the high technical costs and equipment requirements. It also has high carbon emissions, large land area, and obvious odor pollution.

[0004] The present invention adopts a high-temperature rapid decomposition method, which can be completed in only 4 hours. Natural organic materials are added, and the organic matter content of the organic fertilizer can be increased after decomposition. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The invention provides a method for quickly processing sheep manure at high temperature to produce special microbial organic fertilizer, which is used to solve the problems of long single composting cycle and serious nitrogen loss during the composting process.

[0006] In one aspect, the present invention provides a method for rapidly processing sheep manure at high temperature to produce special microbial organic fertilizer, comprising the following steps: mixing sheep manure, auxiliary materials and natural organic materials to obtain a mixture; Controlling the moisture content of the mixture to be 55% to 60% of the total mass; The mixture is placed in a high-temperature fermentation device, continuously ventilated under aerobic conditions, and maintained at a temperature of 60-80°C for 4 hours to obtain decomposed organic fertilizer; Of this, natural organic materials account for 10% of the total mass of the mixture.

[0007] Furthermore, the mixture includes sheep manure, mushroom residue, enzyme microbial composting agent, and natural organic materials.

[0008] Furthermore, the natural organic matter material is humus converted from swamp plant residues, with a C / N ratio of 94 and a moisture content of 30% to 40%.

[0009] Further, the initial moisture content of the sheep manure is 60-70% of the total mass.

[0010] Further, the aerobic condition is achieved by introducing air into the high-temperature fermentation equipment, and the ventilation mode is continuous natural ventilation.

[0011] Further, the mature organic fertilizer meets the following indicators: The germination rate index (GI) is greater than or equal to 85%, the electrical conductivity is less than or equal to 4.00 mS / m, the pH value is 5.5-7.5, and the total nutrient content (the sum of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium) is 7.0%-9.0%.

[0012] Further, the enzyme microbial strain includes a complex microbial population of Bacillus subtilis, actinomycetes and yeast.

[0013] In another aspect, a special microbial organic fertilizer prepared by the method for treating sheep manure at high temperature and rapidly, characterized in that: The organic matter content is greater than or equal to 25%, the heavy metal content meets the standard GB / T23349-2020, and there is no pathogenic bacteria and weed seed residue.

[0014] Further, the humic acid content of the special microbial organic fertilizer is greater than or equal to 15%, and the total amount of free amino acids is greater than or equal to 3%.

[0015] The method for treating sheep manure at high temperature and rapidly provided by the application adds a certain proportion of natural organic material on the basis of using sheep manure as the main material for fertilizer production, solves the problems of long composting period and serious nitrogen loss during composting, and the like. The high-temperature fermentation tank rapid fertilizer production test shows that adding natural organic material to sheep manure can accelerate the temperature rise of the manure, and can also eliminate the production of leachate; the germination rate index (GD) of the organic fertilizer products with different proportions of natural organic material is greater than 85%, and the organic fertilizer products all meet the maturity degree standard requirements. From the aspects of maturity degree, odor, greenhouse gas, nutrient content, heavy metal content and product yield of the organic fertilizer, it is considered that: The application has the advantages of simple and easy operation, accelerated fertilizer production process, elimination of leachate production, and considerable economic benefits of the organic fertilizer products; more importantly, the application has great practical significance and value in improving the utilization rate of livestock and poultry manure, saving resources, controlling odor and greenhouse gas production to achieve energy saving and emission reduction, and the like. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the present application will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are some of the embodiments of the present application, but not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present application.

[0017] The sheep manure high-temperature rapid treatment special microbial organic fertilizer method provided by the embodiments of the present application mainly comprises the following steps: Mixing sheep manure, auxiliary materials and natural organic matter materials to obtain a mixture; Controlling the water content of the mixture to be 55%-60% of the total mass; Placing the mixture in a high-temperature fermentation equipment, continuously ventilating under aerobic conditions, maintaining the temperature at 60-80℃ for 4 hours to obtain a matured organic fertilizer; The natural organic matter material accounts for 10% of the total mass of the mixture.

[0018] Further, the mixture comprises sheep manure, mushroom residue, enzyme microbial composting agent and natural organic matter material.

[0019] Further, the natural organic matter material is humus transformed from marsh plant residues, and has a C / N ratio of 94 and a water content of 30%-40%.

[0020] Further, the initial water content of the sheep manure is 60%-70% of the total mass.

[0021] Further, the aerobic conditions are realized by introducing air into the high-temperature fermentation equipment, and the ventilation mode is continuous natural ventilation.

[0022] Further, the matured organic fertilizer meets the following indexes: Germination rate index (GI) ≥85%, electrical conductivity ≤4.00 mS / m, pH value is 5.5-7.5, and total nutrient content (the sum of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium) is 7.0%-9.0%.

[0023] Further, the enzyme microbial strain comprises a complex microbial population of Bacillus subtilis, actinomycetes and yeast.

[0024] On the other hand, a special microbial organic fertilizer prepared by the sheep manure high-temperature rapid treatment special microbial organic fertilizer method, characterized in that: The organic matter content is ≥25%, the heavy metal content meets the GB / T23349-2020 standard, and there is no pathogenic bacteria and weed seed residue.

[0025] Further, the special microbial organic fertilizer has a humic acid content of 15% or more and a total free amino acid content of 3% or more.

[0026] In the embodiment of the present application, the organic matter contained in sheep manure is simple in composition and easy to be utilized by microorganisms, which is conducive to high-temperature composting of organic materials. However, sheep manure is a high-moisture material with low CN ratio, and thus cannot be used alone to produce fertilizer. Therefore, auxiliary materials need to be added to improve the CN ratio. Natural organic material is formed by long-term accumulation and transformation of dead plant residues in marshes, and has a high content of organic matter, a high content of fiber, good aeration and water permeability, and contains amino acids, humic acid, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other nutrients, which has a physiological stimulating effect on plant growth. In addition, the specific surface area of natural organic material is large, and the adsorption and chelation capacity is strong, which has a good adsorption effect on pollutants in water and gas. The combination of the two can effectively solve the problems faced by sheep manure alone in producing fertilizer.

[0027] The present application adds a certain proportion of natural organic material to sheep manure as the main material for producing fertilizer, which solves the problems of long composting period and serious nitrogen loss during composting. The high-temperature fermentation tank rapid composting test shows that the addition of natural organic material in sheep manure can accelerate the temperature rise of manure, and at the same time, can prevent the generation of leachate. The germination rate index (GI) of the organic fertilizer products added with different proportions of natural organic material is greater than 85%, and the organic fertilizer products all meet the requirements of composting degree. Considering the composting degree, odor, greenhouse gas, nutrient content, heavy metal content and product yield of the organic fertilizer, the most suitable addition proportion of natural organic material is 10%. The present application is simple and easy to operate, which not only accelerates the composting process and prevents the generation of leachate, but also brings considerable economic benefits to the organic fertilizer products. More importantly, the present application has great practical significance and value in improving the utilization rate of livestock and poultry manure, saving resources, controlling odor and greenhouse gas generation to achieve energy saving and emission reduction. The high-temperature rapid fermentation shows that the addition of natural organic material in sheep manure can accelerate the formation of organic fertilizer. The germination rate index (GI) of the organic fertilizer products added with 10% natural organic material is greater than 85%, and the organic fertilizer products all meet the requirements of composting degree. Considering the composting degree, leachate, odor, greenhouse gas, nutrient content, heavy metal content and product yield of the organic fertilizer, the most suitable addition proportion of natural organic material is 10-15%. Embodiment

[0028] Raw material ratio: Sheep manure (moisture content 65%): 80 kg, mushroom residue: 8 kg, microbial composting agent (containing bacillus subtilis, actinomycetes and yeast): 2 kg, natural organic material (marsh humus, C / N=94, moisture content 35%): 10 kg; Process steps: Mixing: All raw materials are mixed evenly, and the moisture content is adjusted to 58%; Fermentation: Put into high-temperature fermentation tank, continuously ventilate at 65℃ for 4 hours; Detection: Take samples to analyze the decomposition index.

[0029] Experimental results ; Experimental conclusion: The addition of 10% marsh humus improves the efficiency of high-temperature fermentation, and the cellulose degradation rate is 15% higher than that of the conventional process.

[0030] Experimental design ; Conclusion: When the addition amount is 10%, GI and nutrients are the highest, too low leads to insufficient decomposition, and too high inhibits microbial activity.

[0031] ; Advantages: The present application can precisely control bacteria at high temperature, with a 100% inactivation rate and a 10-fold increase in production capacity, but the energy consumption is higher and needs to be optimized. Example

[0032] Test design Test crop: pitaya (base fertilizer: 1.5 tons / acre) Control group: commercial organic fertilizer (NY525 standard) Treatment group: organic fertilizer of the present application (product of example 1) Results (after 120 days of planting) ; Mechanism: Humic acid (18%) promotes the formation of soil aggregate structure, and free amino acid (3.8%) directly provides nitrogen, and the root system development is better than that of the control.

[0033] Comparative example 2: effect of the absence of microbial inoculant Experimental group: Group A: complete formula (containing enzyme microbial composting agent) Group B: without microbial composting agent Results: Fermentation temperature: group A rises to 70℃ within 4 hours; group B only reaches a maximum of 45; GI value: group A 92% vs group B 65% (not decomposed); Egg activation: group A 100% vs group B 40%; Conclusion: The microbial composting agent is the core of rapid temperature rise and harmless, and its absence cannot meet the decomposition standard.

[0034] Experimental summary and industrialization data ; Industrialization verification (20,000 tons / year production line): Energy consumption: 50 kW·h / ton, 70% lower than traditional fermentation (without turning equipment); no leachate discharge, 65% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions; 10% marsh humus as porous carrier to adsorb ammonia, combined with 65℃ constant temperature precise inactivation of pathogenic bacteria, to achieve 4-hour rapid composting, breaking through the efficiency bottleneck of traditional composting.

[0035] The present application solves the problem of high-moisture material composting, and sheep manure as a high-moisture material has a low carbon-nitrogen ratio (C / N), and the efficiency of separate composting is low. By adding natural organic material (such as marsh plant residues), the C / N ratio is effectively adjusted, microbial decomposition is promoted, and the problems of long composting period and serious nitrogen loss are overcome; the high-temperature composting process is accelerated, and the addition of 10%-15% natural organic material can significantly speed up the composting temperature rise, shorten the fermentation period, and ensure that the composting temperature rises rapidly during the high-temperature fermentation process, promoting organic matter mineralization and humus formation, and ensuring that the composting degree meets the standard (germination rate index GI>85%); leachate pollution is eliminated, the high fiber content and loose porous structure of natural organic material improve the aeration of compost, prevent excessive water accumulation, eliminate leachate production, and reduce environmental pollution risk; the quality and safety of the fertilizer are improved, the nutrient content of the composted organic fertilizer is rich (containing amino acids, humic acid and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, etc.), which has a physiological stimulating effect on plant growth, and the high-temperature fermentation process effectively kills pathogenic bacteria and weed seeds, reduces heavy metal content, and meets environmental protection standards; energy saving and emission reduction and resource recycling are achieved, greenhouse gas (such as methane) emissions during the composting process are reduced through rapid composting, and waste (sheep manure and natural organic material) is converted into fertilizer, realizing resource recycling and utilization, reducing the use of chemical fertilizers, and reducing agricultural carbon emissions; economic benefits and operational simplicity are improved, the technical process is simple, no complex equipment is needed, it is suitable for large-scale application, the cost of adding auxiliary materials is low, the organic fertilizer produced can bring additional economic benefits, and the sustainability of the breeding and planting industries is improved. The present application optimizes the ratio of sheep manure and natural organic material, realizes efficient, environmentally friendly and economic fertilizer production, and has important practical value for the resource utilization of agricultural waste and the development of low-carbon agriculture.

[0036] Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and not to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing examples, those skilled in the art should understand that: it can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing examples, or make equivalent replacement for part of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for rapidly treating sheep manure at high temperature to produce special microbial organic fertilizer, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: mixing sheep manure, auxiliary materials and natural organic materials to obtain a mixture; Controlling the moisture content of the mixture to be 55% to 60% of the total mass; The mixture is placed in a high-temperature fermentation device, continuously ventilated under aerobic conditions, and maintained at a temperature of 60-80°C for 4 hours to obtain decomposed organic fertilizer; Of this, natural organic materials account for 10% of the total mass of the mixture.

2. The method for rapidly treating special microbial organic fertilizer with high temperature of sheep manure according to claim 1, wherein The mixture comprises sheep manure, mushroom residue, enzyme microbial composting agent and natural organic materials.

3. The method for rapidly treating special microbial organic fertilizer with high temperature of sheep manure according to claim 1, wherein The natural organic matter material is humus transformed from swamp plant residues, with a C / N ratio of 94 and a moisture content of 30% to 40%.

4. The method for rapidly treating special microbial organic fertilizer with high temperature of sheep manure according to claim 1, wherein The initial moisture content of the sheep manure is 60%-70% of the total mass.

5. The method for rapidly treating special microbial organic fertilizer with high temperature of sheep manure according to claim 1, wherein The aerobic condition is achieved by introducing air into the high-temperature fermentation equipment, and the ventilation method is continuous natural ventilation.

6. The method for rapidly treating special microbial organic fertilizer with high temperature of sheep manure according to claim 1, wherein The decomposed organic fertilizer meets the following indicators: The germination rate index (GI) is ≥85%, the electrical conductivity is ≤4.00mS / m, the pH value is 5.5-7.5, and the total nutrient content (total nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium) is 7.0%-9.0%.

7. The method for rapidly treating special microbial organic fertilizer with high temperature of sheep manure according to claim 1, wherein The enzyme microbial strains include a composite flora of Bacillus subtilis, actinomycetes and yeast.

8. A special microbial organic fertilizer prepared by the method for rapidly treating sheep manure at high temperature to produce a special microbial organic fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The organic matter content is ≥25%, the heavy metal content complies with the GB / T23349-2020 standard, and there are no pathogens and weed seeds residues.

9. The special microbial organic fertilizer according to claim 8, characterized in that, The special microbial organic fertilizer has a humic acid content of ≥15% and a total free amino acid content of ≥3%.