Precise alignment aerial hoisting method for steel box girder

Abstract

The invention discloses a steel box girder precise alignment aerial hoisting method, and relates to the technical field of steel structure building construction. S2, alloying treatment is carried out; s3, cold rolling and intermediate annealing; s4, coating treatment is carried out; and S5, quality detection. According to the invention, the hoisting process is monitored in real time, real-time monitoring and feedback are carried out in the hoisting process, the position and posture of the steel box girder are obtained through measurement data, the deviation value can be calculated through analysis of the central control system, and the action of the hoisting equipment is adjusted according to the deviation information, so that the dynamic adjustment of the steel box girder is realized; precise alignment of the steel box girder is realized in dynamic adjustment, so that errors during mounting are reduced, precision during hoisting is guaranteed, prefabrication precision of the steel box girder is controlled, and structural performance can be guaranteed and structural durability can be enhanced by re-checking flatness and size and accurately controlling pre-camber after welding.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of steel structure building construction, in particular to a steel box girder precise alignment aerial hoisting method. BACKGROUND

[0002] The steel box girder, also known as a steel plate box girder, is a commonly used structure form for long-span bridges, including a top plate, a bottom plate, and various structures such as a cross diaphragm.

[0003] For example, Chinese patent CN115162182A discloses a cantilever steel box girder high-precision cable hoisting construction method, which mainly includes: steel box girder modeling, dividing the steel box girder into multiple manufacturing segments, steel box girder pre-camber compensation design, steel box girder processing using raw materials pretreatment and parts processing, steel box girder plate unit processing, steel box girder box assembly welding, steel box girder pre-assembly and hole making, steel box girder cable hoisting, steel box girder segment positioning and fine positioning, and steel box girder closure segment installation.

[0004] In the above-mentioned patent, although the steel box girder installation precision and quality control solves the technical problem of difficulty in construction precision control in cable hoisting construction, the steel box girder has a large self-weight, and due to factors such as elastic deformation of the cable and wind load, the position and attitude of the steel box girder need to be adjusted multiple times during the cable hoisting process. In the adjustment process, the deviation between the position and attitude of the steel box girder and the preset value cannot be quickly obtained, reducing the precision during hoisting. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims to provide a steel box girder precise alignment aerial hoisting method to solve the problem of large self-weight of the steel box girder, which requires multiple adjustments of the position and attitude of the steel box girder during the cable hoisting process due to factors such as elastic deformation of the cable and wind load. In the adjustment process, the deviation between the position and attitude of the steel box girder and the preset value cannot be quickly obtained, reducing the precision during hoisting.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical solution: a steel box girder precise alignment aerial hoisting method, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1, pre-construction preparation: complete modeling and stress analysis of the steel box girder through digital modeling and simulation, and plan the site and select equipment according to the analysis results;

[0008] S2, steel box girder prefabrication and processing: during the prefabrication of the steel box girder, measure and calibrate the key dimensions multiple times, set the welding sequence and parameters, and after welding, review the overall flatness and size of the steel box girder. According to the analysis results in S1, accurately set the pre-camber of the steel box girder, and adjust the steel box girder according to the set pre-camber during prefabrication;

[0009] S3, real-time monitoring of hoisting process: installing the steel box girder on the hoisting equipment, completing the hoisting of the steel box girder through the hoisting equipment, and performing real-time monitoring during the hoisting process;

[0010] During hoisting, the following contents are also included:

[0011] S31, real-time monitoring and feedback: real-time monitoring of the motion state and spatial position of the steel box girder during the hoisting process, transmitting the measurement data to the central control system, analyzing through the system, and calculating the deviation value;

[0012] S32, dynamic adjustment and precise positioning: adjusting the action of the hoisting equipment according to the deviation information fed back by the system, adopting fine adjustment control mode when approaching the positioning position, reducing the hoisting speed, and completing the positioning until the end;

[0013] S33, environmental impact response: monitoring the meteorological conditions and temperature changes at the construction site, and formulating wind prevention measures and temperature compensation models;

[0014] S4, quality detection and safety management: detecting the connection weld of the steel box girder, re-measuring the shape size, pre-camber, and flatness of the steel box girder, and formulating a perfect safety management system.

[0015] Preferably, in step S1, BIM technology is used to perform high-precision three-dimensional modeling of the steel box girder and the entire hoisting area, and general finite element analysis software is used in combination with the BIM model to simulate and analyze the stress condition of the steel box girder at different construction stages.

[0016] Preferably, in step S2, a stable and non-deformable area is selected at the construction site to establish a measurement reference point, and high-precision measurement instruments are used to measure its coordinates and elevation as the reference for steel box girder measurement. According to the measurement point arrangement scheme, use total station, laser range finder, level, etc. to measure the coordinates, distance and height difference of each point in turn, measure each measurement point 3-5 times, take the average value as the measurement result, process the measurement data, and analyze the flatness and draw charts according to the processed data.

[0017] Preferably, in step S31, the motion state of the steel box girder during the hoisting process is monitored in real time through acceleration sensors, displacement sensors, and angular velocity sensors, and the spatial position of the steel box girder is measured in real time using total station and laser range finder.

[0018] Preferably, in step S31, when calculating the deviation value, the central control system analyzes and processes the data collected by the sensors and measurement equipment, and compares it with the preset theoretical position and attitude.

[0019] Preferably, in step S33, when establishing the temperature compensation model, the following contents are also included:

[0020] A1, collecting temperature data, initial parameters of steel box girder and deformation monitoring data;

[0021] A2, related data calculation: calculating linear thermal expansion and deformation of structural characteristics;

[0022] A3, model integration and optimization: integrating the calculation results of linear thermal expansion and the calculation results of deformation considering structural characteristics, and establishing a comprehensive temperature compensation model.

[0023] Preferably, in A1, a plurality of temperature sensors are installed at different parts of the steel box girder and the surrounding environment to monitor the overall change of the ambient temperature of the steel box girder and the temperature difference existing in different parts.

[0024] Preferably, in A2, the calculation formula of linear thermal expansion and deformation of structural characteristics is as follows:

[0025]

[0026] In the formula, L0 is the initial length of the steel box girder, δ is the linear expansion coefficient of the steel material, ΔT is the temperature change, β y represents the deformation of the web in a certain direction, and T is the temperature.

[0027] Preferably, in step A3, the related calculation formula of the temperature compensation model is:

[0028] ΔZ = ΔL + β y ;

[0029] In the formula, ΔZ is the total deformation.

[0030] Preferably, in step S4, when the perfect safety management system is formulated, it includes clear safety responsibility system, strengthens safety education and training and standardizes regular safety inspection and hidden danger elimination.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0032] 1、In the present application, real-time monitoring is performed during the hoisting process, real-time monitoring and feedback are performed during the hoisting process, the position and attitude of the steel box girder are obtained through measurement data, the deviation value can be calculated through analysis of the central control system, and the action of the hoisting equipment is adjusted according to the deviation information, so as to realize dynamic adjustment of the steel box girder, realize accurate alignment of the steel box girder in dynamic adjustment, and further reduce the error during installation and ensure the precision during hoisting.

[0033] 2、The steel box girder is precast and treated, the key size is measured for multiple times in the steel box girder precasting process, the size error is corrected in time when the size error is larger, until the size of the steel box girder meets the predetermined standard, the precasting precision of the steel box girder is controlled, the flatness and size are reviewed after welding, the pre-camber is accurately controlled, the structural performance can be guaranteed, the structural durability is enhanced, the subsequent construction and installation of the steel box girder are facilitated, and the construction precision is guaranteed.

[0034] 3、The steel box girder is precast and treated, the key size is measured for multiple times in the steel box girder precasting process, the size error is corrected in time when the size error is larger, until the size of the steel box girder meets the predetermined standard, the precasting precision of the steel box girder is controlled, the flatness and size are reviewed after welding, the pre-camber is accurately controlled, the structural performance can be guaranteed, the structural durability is enhanced, the subsequent construction and installation of the steel box girder are facilitated, and the construction precision is guaranteed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 The flow chart of the steel box girder accurate alignment air hoisting method. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of the present application.

[0037] Embodiment one: refer to Figure 1 The steel box girder accurate alignment air hoisting method comprises the following steps:

[0038] Step one, construction early preparation: using BIM technology, high-precision three-dimensional modeling is carried out on the steel box girder and the whole hoisting area, with the help of general finite element analysis software, the stress condition of the steel box girder in different construction stages is simulated and analyzed in combination with the BIM model, the construction site is reasonably planned according to the analysis result, and the hoisting equipment is selected according to the weight, size, hoisting height and site environment condition of the steel box girder;

[0039] The advanced BIM technology is used to make high-precision three-dimensional modeling of the steel box girder and the entire hoisting area, and detailed information of the steel box girder, such as geometric size, material properties, connection mode, etc. is recorded. At the same time, a surrounding environment model is constructed, including terrain, buildings, etc. With the help of general finite element analysis software, combined with the BIM model, the stress condition of the steel box girder at different construction stages is simulated and analyzed, the deformation and stress distribution of the steel box girder during hoisting are simulated, possible problems are predicted in advance, and scientific basis is provided for pre-camber setting, hoisting point design, etc. The construction site is reasonably planned, and a special steel box girder prefabrication area is set up to ensure that the site is flat and solid, meeting the needs of steel box girder prefabrication and storage. According to the weight, size, hoisting height of the steel box girder and the site environmental conditions, the hoisting equipment is accurately selected.

[0040] Step two, steel box girder prefabrication and processing: During the steel box girder prefabrication process, the key dimensions are measured and calibrated multiple times, automatic welding equipment is used, welding sequence and parameters are set, and after welding is completed, the overall flatness and size of the steel box girder are reviewed. According to the simulation results of the previous structural analysis, the pre-camber of the steel box girder is accurately set.

[0041] During the steel box girder prefabrication process, advanced numerical control machining equipment is used to strictly control the machining accuracy of each part of the steel box girder, ensuring that the size deviation of the prefabricated segment is within a very small range. The welding process is optimized, combined with reasonable welding sequence and parameters, to reduce welding deformation. After welding is completed, the overall flatness and size of the steel box girder are reviewed, and the deformation is corrected in a timely manner. During the prefabrication process, the accuracy of the pre-camber is ensured through fixtures and other means. Before the steel box girder leaves the factory, the pre-camber is measured and adjusted again to ensure that it meets the design requirements.

[0042] A stable and non-deformable area is selected at the construction site to establish a measurement reference point. High-precision measuring instruments are used to measure its coordinates and elevation as the reference for steel box girder measurement. According to the measurement point arrangement scheme, total station, laser range finder, level, etc. are used to measure the coordinates, distances and height differences of each point in turn. Each measurement point is measured 5 times, and the average value is taken as the measurement result. The measurement data is processed, the length, width, height, etc. of the steel box girder are calculated according to the measurement point coordinate and distance data, and the adjacent point height difference change rate is calculated according to the measurement point height difference data to judge the flatness. If the height difference between adjacent measurement points is divided by the horizontal distance between the two points to get the height difference change rate, it is compared with the design allowed flatness deviation range to judge whether the flatness is qualified. The measurement data is arranged in table form, and the size deviation chart and flatness deviation chart of the steel box girder are drawn to visually display the size and flatness deviation of each part of the steel box girder for analysis and judgment.

[0043] Step three, real-time monitoring of the lifting process: install the steel box girder on the lifting equipment, complete the lifting of the steel box girder through the lifting equipment, and monitor in real time during the lifting process;

[0044] During lifting, the following is included:

[0045] 31. Real-time monitoring and feedback: Real-time monitoring of the motion state and spatial position of the steel box girder during lifting, transmitting measurement data to the central control system, analyzing and calculating deviation values through the system;

[0046] 32. Dynamic adjustment and precise positioning: Adjust the lifting equipment action according to the deviation information feedback by the system, adopt fine-tuning control mode when approaching the positioning position, reduce the lifting speed until the positioning is completed;

[0047] 33. Environmental impact response: Detect the meteorological conditions and temperature changes at the construction site, and develop a wind and temperature compensation model;

[0048] When establishing the temperature compensation model, the following is included:

[0049] 1. Collect temperature data, initial parameters of the steel box girder, and deformation detection data, install multiple temperature sensors at the construction site, distributed in different parts of the steel box girder and the surrounding environment, monitor the overall change of the environment temperature of the steel box girder and the temperature difference between different parts, and transmit the collected temperature data to the central control system in real time, accurately obtain the initial size of the steel box girder, including length, width, height and other key size information, and at the same time, determine the linear expansion coefficient of the steel used;

[0050] 2. Related data calculation: Calculate the linear thermal expansion and structural characteristic deformation;

[0051] The calculation formula of linear thermal expansion and structural characteristic deformation is as follows:

[0052]

[0053] In the formula, L0 is the initial length of the steel box girder, δ is the linear expansion coefficient of the steel, ΔT is the temperature change, β y represents the deformation of the web in a certain direction, and T is the temperature.

[0054] 3. Model integration and optimization: Integrate the linear thermal expansion calculation results and the deformation calculation results considering the structural characteristics, establish a comprehensive temperature compensation model, which can calculate the size change and deformation of each key part of the steel box girder due to temperature change according to real-time temperature data.

[0055] The related calculation formula of the temperature compensation model is:

[0056] ΔZ = ΔL + β y ;

[0057] In the formula, ΔZ is the total deformation.

[0058] A plurality of high-precision sensors, including acceleration sensors, displacement sensors, angle sensors, etc., are installed on the steel box girder to monitor the motion state of the steel box girder in the hoisting process in real time. A total station, a laser range finder, and other measurement equipment are used to measure the spatial position of the steel box girder in real time, and the data is transmitted to the central control system at the construction site. The central control system analyzes and processes the data collected by the sensors and measurement equipment, compares it with the preset theoretical position and attitude, and calculates the deviation value in time. When calculating the deviation value between the actual position of the steel box girder and the theoretical position, both spatial coordinates and attitude need to be considered. For spatial coordinate deviation, the coordinate difference formula is used for calculation. Attitude deviation is calculated by angle and direction cosine. The actual deviation value of the steel box girder is obtained by integrating the coordinate difference and attitude deviation.

[0059] According to the deviation information fed back by the central control system, the action of the hoisting equipment is automatically adjusted. Through precise control of the lifting, lowering, translation, and rotation of the cable hoisting system, the position and attitude deviation of the steel box girder is corrected in real time, and precise alignment is realized. When approaching the positioning position, a fine-tuning control mode is adopted to reduce the hoisting speed until the alignment is completed. Through fine adjustment, it is ensured that the steel box girder accurately falls into the designed position with an error controlled within millimeters. A weather monitoring station is established to monitor the weather conditions at the construction site in real time, including wind speed, wind direction, temperature, humidity, etc. When the wind speed exceeds the specified threshold, the hoisting operation is suspended, and appropriate windproof measures are taken, such as temporary anchoring of the steel box girder and adjustment of cable tension. A temperature compensation model is established to compensate for the influence of temperature changes on the size and deformation of the steel box girder. According to real-time temperature data, the position and attitude of the steel box girder are adjusted to ensure that the hoisting precision is not affected by temperature.

[0060] Step four, quality detection and safety management: detect the connection weld of the steel box girder, re-measure the external dimensions, pre-camber, and flatness of the steel box girder, and develop a perfect safety management system, including clear safety responsibility system, strengthening safety education and training, and standardizing regular safety inspection and hidden danger elimination.

[0061] After the steel box girder is hoisted into place, non-destructive testing methods such as ultrasonic testing and magnetic particle testing are used to comprehensively test the connection welds of the steel box girder to ensure that the welding quality meets the standard requirements. The overall dimensions, pre-camber, flatness and other aspects of the steel box girder are re-measured and compared with the design drawings to ensure that the quality indicators of the steel box girder meet the design and specification requirements. A perfect safety management system and operating procedures are formulated, and comprehensive safety training is provided to the construction personnel to improve their safety awareness and operating skills. When the safety responsibility system is defined, a safety management team is established and a safety responsibility book is signed to implement safety responsibilities to each post and each person. When safety education and training are strengthened, entrance safety education, regular safety training and special skills training are conducted to ensure that workers have the ability to operate safely. When safety inspection and hidden danger elimination are standardized, daily safety inspection, regular safety inspection and special safety inspection are conducted to reduce safety hazards during construction. In view of possible sudden safety accidents such as equipment failure and adverse weather, corresponding emergency measures are formulated and regular drills are conducted to ensure that emergency responses can be made quickly and effectively in emergency situations.

[0062] The use method and working principle of the device are as follows: first, BIM technology is used to perform high-precision three-dimensional modeling of the steel box girder and the entire hoisting area. With the aid of general finite element analysis software, the stress conditions of the steel box girder at different construction stages are simulated and analyzed in combination with the BIM model. Site planning and equipment selection are completed. Through steel box girder prefabrication and processing, key dimensions are measured multiple times during steel box girder prefabrication, and calibration and correction are performed in a timely manner when the dimensional error is large, until the dimensions of the steel box girder meet the predetermined standards, achieving control of the prefabrication accuracy of the steel box girder. After welding, the flatness and dimensions are rechecked, and the pre-camber is precisely controlled, which can ensure structural performance, enhance structural durability, ensure construction safety and quality, facilitate subsequent construction and installation of the steel box girder, and ensure construction accuracy. Through real-time monitoring during hoisting, real-time monitoring and feedback are performed during hoisting, the position and attitude of the steel box girder are obtained through measurement data, the deviation value can be calculated through analysis of the central control system, and the action of the hoisting equipment is adjusted according to the deviation information, thereby achieving dynamic adjustment of the steel box girder. Precise alignment of the steel box girder is achieved in dynamic adjustment, thereby reducing installation errors and ensuring hoisting accuracy. Through quality detection and safety management, the welds of the steel box girder are detected to ensure that the welding quality meets the standard requirements. The overall dimensions, pre-camber, flatness and other aspects of the steel box girder are re-measured to ensure that the dimensions, pre-camber and flatness of the steel box girder meet the standards, ensuring the safe use of the steel box girder. By formulating a perfect safety management system and operating procedures, the safety hazards of construction personnel during work are reduced.

[0063] Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments can be modified, or some of the technical features can be replaced by equivalent features, by those skilled in the art, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for accurately aligning and hoisting a steel box girder in the air, characterized by: The following steps are involved: S1. Pre-construction preparation: Complete steel box girder modeling and stress analysis through digital modeling and simulation, and conduct site planning and equipment selection based on the analysis results; S2. Steel box girder prefabrication and processing: During the steel box girder prefabrication process, key dimensions are measured and calibrated multiple times, and the welding sequence and parameters are set. After welding is completed, the overall flatness and dimensions of the steel box girder are reviewed. Based on the analysis results in S1, the pre-camber of the steel box girder is accurately set. During the prefabrication process, the steel box girder is adjusted according to the set pre-camber; S3. Real-time monitoring of the hoisting process: The steel box girder is installed on the hoisting equipment, and the hoisting of the steel box girder is completed by the hoisting equipment, and the hoisting process is monitored in real time; During hoisting, the following contents are also included: S31. Real-time monitoring and feedback: Real-time monitoring of the motion state and spatial position of the steel box girder during the hoisting process, transmission of the measurement data to the central control system, and calculation of the deviation value through system analysis; S32, dynamic adjustment and precise positioning: adjust the lifting equipment movement according to the deviation information fed back by the system. When approaching the positioning position, use the fine-tuning control mode to reduce the lifting speed until the positioning is completed; S33. Environmental impact response: Monitor meteorological conditions and temperature changes at the construction site, and develop wind protection measures and temperature compensation models; S4. Quality inspection and safety management: Inspect the connecting welds of the steel box girder, recheck and measure the external dimensions, pre-camber and flatness of the steel box girder, and formulate a complete safety management system.

2. The method for accurately aligning and hoisting a steel box girder in the air according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S1, BIM technology is used to perform high-precision three-dimensional modeling of the steel box girder and the entire hoisting area. General finite element analysis software is used in combination with the BIM model to simulate and analyze the stress conditions of the steel box girder at different construction stages.

3. The method for accurately aligning and hoisting a steel box girder in the air according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S2, a stable and non-deformable area is selected at the construction site to establish a measurement reference point, and its coordinates and elevation are measured using high-precision measuring instruments as the reference for steel box girder measurement. According to the measurement point layout plan, the coordinates, distance and elevation difference of each point are measured in turn using total stations, laser rangefinders, levels and other equipment. Each measurement point is measured 3-5 times, and the average value is taken as the measurement result. The measurement data is processed, and the flatness is analyzed and a chart is drawn based on the processed data.

4. The method for accurately aligning and hoisting a steel box girder in the air according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S31, the motion state of the steel box girder during the hoisting process is monitored in real time by using an acceleration sensor, a displacement sensor, and an angular velocity sensor, and the spatial position of the steel box girder is measured in real time using a total station and a laser rangefinder.

5. The method for accurately aligning and hoisting a steel box girder in the air according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S31 , when calculating the deviation value, the central control system analyzes and processes the data collected by the sensors and measuring equipment, and compares the data with the preset theoretical position and posture.

6. The method for accurately aligning and hoisting a steel box girder in the air according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S33, when establishing the temperature compensation model, the following contents are also included: A1. Collect temperature data, initial parameters of steel box girders, and deformation monitoring data; A2. Calculation of relevant data: Calculation of linear thermal expansion and deformation of structural characteristics; A3. Model integration and optimization: Integrate the linear thermal expansion calculation results with the deformation calculation results considering structural characteristics to establish a comprehensive temperature compensation model.

7. The method for accurately aligning and hoisting a steel box girder in the air according to claim 6, characterized in that: In A1, multiple temperature sensors are installed at different parts of the steel box girder and the surrounding environment to monitor the overall changes in the ambient temperature of the steel box girder and the temperature differences in different parts.

8. The method for accurately aligning and hoisting a steel box girder in the air according to claim 6, characterized in that: In A2, linear thermal expansion and deformation of structural properties are calculated as follows: Where L0 is the initial length of the steel box girder, δ is the linear expansion coefficient of the steel, ΔT is the temperature change, β y It represents the deformation of the web in a certain direction, and T is the temperature.

9. The method for accurately aligning and hoisting a steel box girder in the air according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step A3, the relevant calculation formula of the temperature compensation model is: ΔZ=ΔL+β y ; Where ΔZ is the total deformation.

10. The method for accurately aligning and hoisting a steel box girder in the air according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, when formulating a comprehensive safety management system, it includes clarifying the safety responsibility system, strengthening safety education and training, and standardizing regular safety inspections and hidden danger detection.

Images