A portable, non-contact soil compaction profile measurement device and method

Abstract

This invention proposes a portable, non-contact soil compaction profile measurement device and method, belonging to the field of soil profile measurement. The device includes an infrared measuring device, a combined optical axis, an optical axis mounting base, and a foldable mounting bracket. The infrared measuring device is slidably mounted on the combined optical axis, achieving non-contact, accurate, and non-destructive measurement of the soil compaction profile through an infrared ranging sensor mounted on it. The combined optical axis, with its two ends arranged on the optical axis mounting base, includes multiple detachable optical axis units that can be freely assembled to the desired measurement width. The foldable mounting bracket is fixed to the optical axis mounting base via a threaded connection, featuring a folding and retractable assembly / disassembly function, significantly reducing the device's size and facilitating field transport and rapid deployment. This invention enables convenient and accurate measurement of soil compaction profiles generated by different agricultural implements, effectively solving the problems of large size, inconvenience in carrying, and large measurement errors of traditional measuring equipment, and has broad application value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of soil profile measurement, specifically relating to a portable, non-contact soil compaction profile measurement device and method. Background Technology

[0002] With the deepening of agricultural mechanization in my country, existing agricultural operations such as tillage, management, and harvesting have been widely mechanized, significantly improving agricultural production efficiency and quality. However, the frequent operation of agricultural machinery and the unreasonable selection of agricultural implements have led to soil compaction, resulting in soil structure degradation and a decline in arable land quality. Therefore, exploring the compaction effect of agricultural machinery on soil has become a key step in reducing soil compaction. Soil compaction profiles, as a direct representation of the compaction effect of agricultural machinery, can reflect the degree and distribution characteristics of soil compaction. Therefore, rapid and accurate measurement of soil compaction profiles is of great significance for studying soil compaction patterns and developing effective methods to reduce soil compaction.

[0003] Existing field compaction profile measurements mostly employ contact methods. Chinese invention patent CN107462135A, which describes a field test instrument and method for measuring tillage depth and profile, obtains soil profile data by directly contacting multiple probes with the soil surface profile and recording the corresponding scale readings. However, this technique inevitably damages the soil surface structure during measurement, especially under moist soil conditions, where probe insertion causes soil deformation, resulting in significant measurement errors. To improve the accuracy of soil surface profile measurements, existing methods are shifting towards non-contact methods. Chinese invention patent CN119437106A, a method and device for measuring the soil disturbance profile of an agricultural soil contact component, uses ultrasonic detection technology to obtain the soil surface profile, achieving non-destructive and accurate measurement. However, this technology is complex to implement, the equipment is cumbersome to install, and it is not portable, failing to meet the practical needs of rapid soil compaction profile measurement in field environments. Therefore, developing a portable non-contact measuring device is of significant application value for achieving rapid and accurate measurement of soil compaction profiles in the field. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a portable, non-contact soil compaction profile measurement device. This device achieves non-contact, accurate measurement of soil compaction profile through an infrared ranging module. Furthermore, all components are retractable and detachable, significantly improving the portability and ease of operation of the measurement device. This solves the problems of cumbersome installation, bulky size, and large measurement data errors of traditional measurement devices in field trials, effectively improving the efficiency and quality of soil compaction profile measurement operations.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A portable non-contact soil compaction profile measuring device includes an infrared measuring device, two combined optical axes, an optical axis fixing seat, and a folding fixing bracket. The infrared measuring device is slidably mounted on the two combined optical axes. Optical axis fixing seats are provided at both ends of the combined optical axes. The axes of the two combined optical axes are parallel to each other and located on the same horizontal plane. The folding fixing bracket is threaded to the bottom of the optical axis fixing seat.

[0007] The infrared measuring device includes a linear bearing, two infrared ranging sensors, a switching power supply, a controller, a level, and an operating handle. The linear bearing is slidably mounted on two combined optical axes. The two infrared ranging sensors are horizontally mounted on the front and below the linear bearing respectively by bolts. The switching power supply and the controller are respectively mounted on the right and above the linear bearing. The level and the operating handle are vertically mounted on the left side of the linear bearing.

[0008] The combined optical axis includes multiple detachable optical axis units. One end of each optical axis unit is provided with an internal thread, and the other end is provided with an external thread. Adjacent optical axis units are connected and disassembled through corresponding internal and external threads.

[0009] The optical axis fixing seat includes an optical axis bearing, a bearing base, and an adjusting bolt. The optical axis bearings are symmetrically arranged on the bearing base, and the adjusting bolts are arranged in the adjusting holes of the optical axis bearings.

[0010] The foldable fixing bracket includes a connecting rod, a support rod, a sliding ring, a foot plate, and a folding connecting rod. The connecting rod is screwed to the bottom of the optical axis fixing seat by a top thread. The support rod is connected to the connecting rod by a top thread. The sliding ring is slidably mounted on the support rod. The foot plate is hinged to the bottom of the support rod by a pin. One end of the folding connecting rod is hinged to the sliding ring by a pin, and the other end of the folding connecting rod is hinged to the foot plate by a pin.

[0011] The support rod is equipped with a spring buckle, and the sliding ring is equipped with an elongated hole. When the support rod is slid to the bottom by the handle on the sliding ring, the spring buckle on the support rod will lock into the elongated hole.

[0012] A portable, non-contact method for measuring soil compaction profiles includes the following steps:

[0013] S1. Based on the width of the compacted soil profile to be measured, assemble two combined optical axes to the required measurement width.

[0014] S2. Install the infrared measuring device on two combined optical axes;

[0015] S3. Install the optical axis mounting bracket at both ends of the two combined optical axes and tighten the optical axis bearings by adjusting the bolts.

[0016] S4. Connect the connecting rod in the folding fixed bracket to the bearing base by threading, and then connect the support rod to the connecting rod by threading.

[0017] S5. The sliding ring on the operating support rod slides downward, causing the foot plate to unfold to a horizontal state, and the spring buckle locks the long hole.

[0018] S6. Adjust the feed amount of the support rod thread according to the level indicator on the infrared measuring device to ensure that the infrared measuring device is in a horizontal state.

[0019] S7. Using the operating handle, slide the infrared measuring device to one side, turn on the power supply, and complete the device initialization.

[0020] S8. The controller obtains the voltage signals from the two infrared ranging sensors and converts them into horizontal and vertical distance values ​​according to the calibration curve. The values ​​are displayed on the controller screen in XY coordinates, with the measurement value of the front infrared ranging sensor being the X-axis coordinate and the measurement value of the lower infrared ranging sensor being the Y-axis coordinate.

[0021] S9. Start the controller's data acquisition function and use the operating handle to make the infrared measuring device slide horizontally and uniformly on the combined optical axis.

[0022] S10. When the infrared measuring device slides to the other end of the combined optical axis, the data acquisition function of the controller is turned off. At this time, the acquired coordinate values ​​will be saved in .dat format to the controller's built-in SD card.

[0023] S11. Reset the infrared measuring device to its initial position using the operating handle;

[0024] S12. Repeat steps S7 to S11 to complete the continuous measurement of multiple sections of the soil compaction profile.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0026] This invention employs an infrared ranging sensor to acquire soil compaction profile data, achieving precise and non-destructive non-contact measurement, effectively addressing the problem of soil surface damage caused by traditional contact measurement methods. The device can accurately acquire the geometric features of the soil compaction profile and automatically save the acquired data in standard XY coordinates to the controller's built-in SD card, facilitating subsequent data reading, writing, and analysis.

[0027] All components in this invention are detachable, reducing the storage volume of the device and making it easy to carry in the field and quickly assemble on site. This effectively solves the problems of large size and inconvenience of carrying traditional measuring equipment, making the device suitable for various environments and enabling efficient and convenient measurement of soil compaction profiles produced by different agricultural machinery. It has broad application value. Attached Figure Description

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort, and all of them fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Wherein:

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the infrared measuring device of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the optical axis unit of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the optical axis fixing base of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the foldable fixing bracket of the present invention.

[0034] The attached figures are labeled as follows:

[0035] 1. Infrared measuring device; 101. Linear bearing; 102. Infrared ranging sensor; 103. Switching power supply; 104. Controller; 105. Level; 106. Operating handle; 2. Combined optical axis; 201. Optical axis unit; 3. Optical axis fixing seat; 301. Optical axis bearing; 302. Bearing base; 303. Adjusting bolt; 4. Folding fixing bracket; 401. Connecting rod; 402. Support rod; 403. Sliding ring; 404. Foot plate; 405. Folding connecting rod; 406. Spring buckle; 407. Long hole. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0037] Please see Figures 1 to 5 A portable non-contact soil compaction profile measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an infrared measuring device 1, two combined optical axes 2, an optical axis fixing seat 3, and a folding fixing bracket 4. The infrared measuring device 1 is slidably mounted on the two combined optical axes 2. Optical axis fixing seats 3 are provided at both ends of the combined optical axes 2. The axes of the two combined optical axes 2 are parallel to each other and located on the same horizontal plane. The folding fixing bracket 4 is threadedly connected to the bottom of the optical axis fixing seat 3.

[0038] The infrared measuring device 1 includes a linear bearing 101, an infrared distance sensor 102, a switching power supply 103, a controller 104, a level 105, and an operating handle 106. The infrared distance sensor 102 is horizontally arranged on the front and lower sides of the linear bearing 101 by bolts. The front infrared distance sensor 102 emits infrared light onto the optical axis bearing to measure the horizontal distance, while the lower infrared distance sensor 102 simultaneously emits infrared light onto the surface of the soil to be measured to measure the vertical distance. The switching power supply 103 and the controller 104 are mounted on the linear bearing 101. On the right and top, the switching power supply 103 is responsible for powering the infrared ranging sensor 102 and the controller 104. The controller 104 is responsible for receiving the voltage signal transmitted by the infrared ranging sensor 102 and converting it into horizontal and vertical distance information according to the calibration curve, which is displayed on the screen of the controller 104 in the form of XY coordinates. The level 105 and the operating handle 106 are vertically arranged on the left side of the linear bearing 101. The position of the bubble in the level 105 indicates the horizontal state of the infrared measuring device. The operating handle 106 is fixed to the linear bearing 101 by threads and is used to control the movement of the infrared measuring device 1.

[0039] The combined optical axis 2 includes multiple detachable optical axis units 201. Each independent optical axis unit 201 has an internal thread at one end and an external thread at the other end. Adjacent optical axis units 201 are connected and disassembled through corresponding internal and external threads.

[0040] The optical axis fixing seat 3 includes an optical axis bearing 301, a bearing base 302, and an adjusting bolt 303. The optical axis bearing 301 is symmetrically arranged on the bearing base 302 and forms an integral structure with the bearing base 302. The bearing base 302 has an internal threaded hole in the center for connecting with the connecting rod 401. The adjusting bolt 303 is installed in the adjusting hole of the optical axis bearing 301 and is used to adjust the fitting clearance between the optical axis bearing 301 and the combined optical axis 2 to achieve clamping and fixing of the combined optical axis 2.

[0041] The folding fixed bracket 4 includes a connecting rod 401, a support rod 402, a sliding ring 403, a foot plate 404, and a folding connecting rod 405. Both ends of the connecting rod 401 are provided with internal and external threads. The top external thread connects to the bearing base 302, and the bottom internal thread connects to the support rod 402. An appropriate thread length is reserved for adjusting the device's height from the ground. The sliding ring 403 is slidably mounted on the support rod 402. The sliding ring 403 has an elongated hole 407. The support rod 402 has a spring clip 406. When the sliding ring 403 is slidably moved to the bottom of the support rod 402 via the handle on the sliding ring 403, the support... The spring clip 406 on the rod 402 locks into the elongated hole 407, thus fixing the sliding ring 403 in place. When the spring clip 406 is pressed, the sliding ring 403 can slide upward, causing the spring clip 406 to disengage from the elongated hole 407. The foot plate 404 is hinged to the bottom of the support rod 402 by a pin. One end of the folding link 405 is hinged to the sliding ring 403 by a pin, and the other end of the folding link 405 is hinged to the foot plate 404 by a pin. When the sliding ring 403 is moved downward, the folding link 405 extends from the vertical state to the horizontal state, thereby causing the foot plate 404 to unfold to the horizontal state.

[0042] A portable, non-contact method for measuring soil compaction profiles includes the following steps:

[0043] S1. Based on the width of the compacted soil profile to be measured, assemble two combined optical axes 2 to the required measurement width;

[0044] S2. Install the infrared measuring device 1 on the two combined optical axes 2;

[0045] S3. Install the optical axis fixing seat 3 at both ends of the two combined optical axes 2, and tighten the optical axis bearing 301 by adjusting bolt 303;

[0046] S4. Connect the connecting rod 401 in the folding fixed bracket 4 to the bearing base 302 by threading, and then connect the support rod 402 to the connecting rod 401 by threading.

[0047] S5. The sliding ring 403 on the operating support rod 402 slides downward, causing the foot plate 404 to unfold to a horizontal state, and the spring buckle 406 locks the elongated hole 407.

[0048] S6. According to the level indicator 105 on the infrared measuring device 1, adjust the thread feed of the support rod 402 to ensure that the infrared measuring device 1 is in a horizontal state.

[0049] S7. By operating the handle 106, slide the infrared measuring device 1 to one side, start the switching power supply 103, and complete the device initialization.

[0050] S8, the controller 104 obtains the voltage signals of the two infrared ranging sensors 102 and converts them into horizontal and vertical distance values ​​according to the calibration curve, and displays them on the screen of the controller 104 in the form of XY coordinates. The measurement value of the front infrared ranging sensor 102 is the X-axis coordinate, and the measurement value of the lower infrared ranging sensor 102 is the Y-axis coordinate.

[0051] S9. Start the data acquisition function of the controller 104 and make the infrared measuring device 1 slide horizontally and uniformly on the combined optical axis 2 by operating the handle 106.

[0052] S10. When the infrared measuring device 1 slides to the other end of the combined optical axis 2, the data acquisition function of the controller 104 is turned off. At this time, the acquired coordinate values ​​will be saved in dat format to the built-in SD card of the controller 104.

[0053] S11. Reset the infrared measuring device 1 to its initial position by operating the handle 106;

[0054] S12. Repeat steps S7 to S11 to complete the continuous measurement of multiple sections of the soil compaction profile.

[0055] The above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A portable, non-contact soil compaction profile measuring device, characterized in that: It includes an infrared measuring device (1), two combined optical axes (2), an optical axis fixing seat (3), and a folding fixing bracket (4). The infrared measuring device (1) is slidably mounted on the two combined optical axes (2). Optical axis fixing seats (3) are provided at both ends of the combined optical axes (2). The axes of the two combined optical axes (2) are parallel to each other and located on the same horizontal plane. The folding fixing bracket (4) is threaded to the bottom of the optical axis fixing seat (3). The infrared measuring device (1) includes a linear bearing (101), two infrared ranging sensors (102), a switching power supply (103), a controller (104), a level (105), and an operating handle (106). The linear bearing (101) is slidably mounted on two combined optical axes (2). The two infrared ranging sensors (102) are respectively mounted horizontally on the front and below the linear bearing (101) by bolts. The switching power supply (103) and the controller (104) are respectively mounted on the right and above the linear bearing (101). The level (105) and the operating handle (106) are mounted vertically on the left side of the linear bearing (101).

2. The portable non-contact soil compaction profile measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The combined optical axis (2) includes multiple detachable optical axis units (201). One end of the optical axis unit (201) is provided with an internal thread, and the other end of the optical axis unit (201) is provided with an external thread. Adjacent optical axis units (201) are connected and disassembled through corresponding internal and external threads.

3. A portable non-contact soil compaction profile measuring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The optical axis fixing seat (3) includes an optical axis bearing (301), a bearing base (302) and an adjusting bolt (303). The optical axis bearing (301) is symmetrically arranged on the bearing base (302), and the adjusting bolt (303) is arranged in the adjusting hole of the optical axis bearing (301).

4. A portable non-contact soil compaction profile measuring device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The folding fixed bracket (4) includes a connecting rod (401), a support rod (402), a sliding ring (403), a foot plate (404), and a folding connecting rod (405). The connecting rod (401) is screwed to the bottom of the optical axis fixing seat (3) by a top thread. The support rod (402) is connected to the connecting rod (401) by a top thread. The sliding ring (403) is slidably set on the support rod (402). The foot plate (404) is hinged to the bottom of the support rod (402) by a pin. One end of the folding connecting rod (405) is hinged to the sliding ring (403) by a pin, and the other end of the folding connecting rod (405) is hinged to the foot plate (404) by a pin.

5. A portable non-contact soil compaction profile measuring device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The support rod (402) is provided with a spring buckle (406), and the sliding ring (403) is provided with an elongated hole (407). When the sliding ring (403) is slid to the bottom of the support rod (402) by the handle on the sliding ring (403), the spring buckle (406) on the support rod (402) will lock the elongated hole (407).

6. A portable, non-contact method for measuring soil compaction profiles, using a portable, non-contact soil compaction profile measuring device as described in claim 5, characterized in that... Includes the following steps: S1. Based on the width of the compacted soil profile to be measured, assemble two combined optical axes (2) to the required measurement width; S2. Install the infrared measuring device (1) on the two combined optical axes (2); S3. Install the optical axis fixing seat (3) at both ends of the two combined optical axes (2) and tighten the optical axis bearing (301) by adjusting bolt (303). S4. Connect the connecting rod (401) in the folding fixed bracket (4) to the bearing base (302) by thread, and then connect the support rod (402) to the connecting rod (401) by thread. S5. The sliding ring (403) on the operating support rod (402) slides downward, so that the foot plate (404) unfolds to a horizontal state, and the spring buckle (406) locks the elongated hole (407). S6. According to the level indicator (105) on the infrared measuring device (1), adjust the thread feed of the support rod (402) to ensure that the infrared measuring device (1) is in a horizontal state. S7. By operating the handle (106), slide the infrared measuring device (1) to one side, start the switching power supply (103), and complete the device initialization; S8. The controller (104) obtains the voltage signals of the two infrared ranging sensors (102) and converts them into horizontal and vertical distance values ​​according to the calibration curve. The values ​​are displayed on the screen of the controller (104) in XY coordinates. The measurement value of the front infrared ranging sensor (102) is the X-axis coordinate, and the measurement value of the lower infrared ranging sensor (102) is the Y-axis coordinate. S9. Start the data acquisition function of the controller (104) and make the infrared measuring device (1) slide horizontally and uniformly on the combined optical axis (2) by operating the handle (106); S10. When the infrared measuring device (1) slides to the other end of the combined optical axis (2), the data acquisition function of the controller (104) is turned off. At this time, the acquired coordinate values ​​will be saved in dat format to the built-in SD card of the controller (104). S11. Reset the infrared measuring device (1) to its initial position by operating the handle (106); S12. Repeat steps S7 to S11 to complete the continuous measurement of multiple sections of the soil compaction profile.

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