Management system and method for substrate management controller integrated with high-speed universal serial bus

Abstract

The invention discloses a management system and method for a baseboard management controller integrated with a high-speed universal serial bus, and relates to the technical field of server management. The management system integrates the high-speed universal serial bus, a high-speed universal serial bus physical layer and a multi-protocol compatible interface in the baseboard management controller; wherein the high-speed universal serial bus interacts with an inner core of the substrate management controller through an internal bus, a physical layer of the high-speed universal serial bus supports high-speed differential signal transmission, and the multi-protocol compatible interface is compatible with multiple protocols to be connected with external equipment, so that the problem that a traditional substrate management controller cannot be connected with the external equipment due to insufficient low-speed interfaces and bandwidth is solved. The substrate management controller solves the problems that high-speed peripheral management requirements cannot be met, multi-protocol compatibility is poor, high-speed signal transmission is unstable and the like, the technical effects of improving transmission performance, optimizing equipment management efficiency, enhancing compatibility and expansibility and achieving hardware integration and power consumption optimization are achieved, more diversified requirements of the substrate management controller are met, and the substrate management controller is suitable for popularization and application. The method is suitable for a high-performance equipment management scene.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of server management, and in particular to a universal serial bus integrated management system and method based on a baseboard management controller. BACKGROUND

[0002] As a core component for realizing remote monitoring and management of servers and storage devices, a baseboard management controller (BMC) currently mainly relies on low-speed communication interfaces, such as a universal asynchronous receiver-transmitter (UART), an integrated circuit bus (I 2 C), to complete data interaction with external devices. However, along with the exponential growth of bandwidth demand in data centers, the traditional low-speed interface has been difficult to meet the stringent requirements of modern servers on high-speed data transmission. Under the current technical system, the USB (Universal Serial Bus) 2.0 / 3.0, UART, I 2 C, and other interfaces adopted by the traditional BMC are limited by bandwidth bottlenecks and cannot fully meet the management requirements of modern servers on high-speed peripherals. High-speed peripherals such as NVMe SSDs (Non-Volatile Memory Host Controller Interface Specification Solid State Drives), high-speed cameras, and artificial intelligence accelerator cards have significant contradictions with the performance of traditional interfaces in terms of data transmission requirements.

[0003] Among them, the UART / I 2 C / SPI interface is essentially a low-speed data transmission interface, and the data transmission rate range is usually between several Kbps and several Mbps, which forms a huge gap with the demand of modern servers for high-bandwidth data transmission, and is difficult to bear large-scale and high-speed data interaction tasks. Although the PCIe interface can provide higher data transmission bandwidth, its original design is mainly used for communication links between host CPUs and peripherals, and there are differences in electrical characteristics, protocol adaptation, and other aspects from the data transmission requirements of BMC chips, and it is not suitable for directly serving as a data transmission channel of BMC chips. Although some BMC chips have integrated USB3.x interfaces, the maximum transmission rate of the interface is only 5Gbps or 10Gbps, which cannot meet the urgent demand of future data centers for 40Gbps and above ultra-high-speed data transmission rates, and is difficult to support the growing high-speed data interaction scenarios in data centers. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application provides a baseboard management controller management and system integrated with a high-speed universal serial bus to at least solve the problems in the related art that the traditional low-speed interface cannot meet the demand of modern servers on high-speed data transmission, and that multi-protocol compatibility is poor and high-speed signal transmission is unstable.

[0005] The application provides a substrate management controller management system integrated with a high-speed universal serial bus, comprising: a substrate management controller kernel for realizing hardware monitoring and remote management;

[0006] A high-speed universal serial bus controller is used to interact with the substrate management controller kernel through an internal bus;

[0007] A high-speed universal serial bus physical layer is used to support high-speed differential signal transmission;

[0008] A multi-protocol compatible interface is used to connect external devices in multiple protocols.

[0009] The application also provides a substrate management controller management method integrated with a high-speed universal serial bus, comprising: loading a high-speed universal serial bus module and establishing a communication link with a substrate management controller kernel;

[0010] Through the time division multiplexing mechanism of the high-speed universal serial bus physical layer and the multi-protocol compatible interface, data uploading from the substrate management controller kernel to external devices and instruction receiving from external devices to the substrate management controller kernel are performed;

[0011] Hardware monitoring and remote management are realized through the substrate management controller kernel.

[0012] According to the application, since the high-speed universal serial bus interacts with the substrate management controller kernel through an internal bus, the high-speed universal serial bus physical layer supports high-speed differential signal transmission, and the multi-protocol compatible interface connects external devices in multiple protocols, the problems of traditional substrate management controllers, such as low-speed interface and insufficient bandwidth, which cannot meet the management requirements of high-speed external devices, poor multi-protocol compatibility, unstable high-speed signal transmission and the like, can be solved, the technical effects of improving transmission performance, optimizing device management efficiency, enhancing compatibility and expansibility, realizing hardware integration and power consumption optimization are achieved, and the application is suitable for high-performance device management scenarios. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0013] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the application, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0014] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a substrate management controller management system integrated with a high-speed universal serial bus is provided for the embodiments of the application;

[0015] Figure 2 An internal structure schematic diagram of a USB4.0 controller is provided for the embodiments of the application;

[0016] Figure 3 Another internal structure diagram of a USB4.0 controller provided by an embodiment of the present application is provided.

[0017] Figure 4 Another schematic diagram of a substrate management controller management system structure integrated with a high-speed universal serial bus provided by an embodiment of the present application is provided.

[0018] Figure 5 A flowchart of a substrate management controller management method integrated with a high-speed universal serial bus provided by an embodiment of the present application is provided. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, but not all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0020] It should be noted that, in the description of the present application, the terms “comprise”, “contain” or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed or inherent to such process, method, article or device. The terms “first”, “second” and the like in the present application are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not used to describe a specific order or sequence.

[0021] In order for those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0022] The embodiments of the present application provide a substrate management controller management system integrated with a high-speed universal serial bus, as shown in the following figure. Figure 1 The embodiments of the present application provide a substrate management controller management system integrated with a high-speed universal serial bus, as shown in the following figure.

[0023] The substrate management controller kernel is used to realize hardware monitoring and remote management.

[0024] The high-speed universal serial bus controller is used to interact with the substrate management controller kernel through an internal bus.

[0025] The high-speed universal serial bus physical layer is used to support high-speed differential signal transmission.

[0026] The multi-protocol compatible interface is used to connect external devices compatible with multiple protocols.

[0027] The high-speed universal serial bus provided by the embodiment of the application takes the USB4.0 standard as an example, which is a brand-new high-speed interface standard, supports double-channel 20Gbps transmission (total bandwidth 40Gbps), is downward compatible with the USB3.2, USB2.0 and Thunderbolt 3 protocols, has a dynamic bandwidth allocation (DBA) function, supports bandwidth sharing of multiple devices, optimizes resource utilization, and supports multiple functions such as video transmission, data transmission and power supply.

[0028] Although the USB4.0 technology itself is mature, it has not been effectively integrated into the hardware architecture of the BMC, and there are still many technical challenges in integrating it into the chip: 1. Signal integrity problem, the high-frequency signal of USB4.0 is easily affected by insertion loss, reflected noise and crosstalk. 2. Power consumption and area limitation, the complexity of the USB4.0 controller may cause a significant increase in chip area and power consumption. 3. Compatibility and scalability: it is necessary to ensure the seamless cooperation of the USB4.0 controller with other functional modules (such as PCIe bridge module, storage controller).

[0029] The embodiment of the application improves the transmission performance by integrating the USB4.0 in the baseboard management controller and interacting with the kernel of the baseboard management controller through the internal bus. For example: in the server firmware update scenario, the 40Gbps bandwidth provided by the USB4.0 can shorten the transmission time of a 1GB update package from 0.8 seconds of USB3.0 to 0.2 seconds, greatly improving the remote management efficiency; the physical layer of the high-speed universal serial bus adopts the CML / LVDS differential signal standard, avoiding the misjudgment of the hardware state (such as temperature sensor data jump) caused by signal distortion; the multi-protocol compatible interface supports USB4.0, Thunderbolt 3 / 4, DisplayPort2.0 and other protocols, which can seamlessly access heterogeneous devices such as high-speed storage devices, 4K cameras and PCIe peripherals. For example: the same BMC system can manage the NVMe array of the USB4.0 interface and the graphics card of the Thunderbolt interface at the same time, which can greatly reduce the device adaptation cost. By directly controlling the USB4.0 controller through the kernel of the baseboard management controller, bidirectional transmission of hardware monitoring data (such as temperature, voltage) and remote management instructions is realized, the dependence on the host operating system is reduced, and the operation and maintenance complexity is reduced.

[0030] The embodiment of the application directly integrates the USB4.0 controller in the BMC chip, interacts with the kernel through the internal bus (such as AXI bus), reduces the demand for external interface chips, and reduces the system complexity and hardware cost. Compared with the traditional scheme, the chip area increases by less than 15%, but the bandwidth capacity is increased by 4 times, and the cost performance is significantly improved.

[0031] The system provided by the embodiment of the application is constructed by the technical fusion of "high-speed transmission + multi-protocol compatibility + intelligent management", and a BMC management paradigm suitable for next-generation servers is constructed, thereby providing a standardized solution for hardware monitoring and remote management with high bandwidth and low delay.

[0032] In an embodiment, the high-speed USB physical layer supports bidirectional time-division multiplexing transmission: when data is transmitted from the BMC kernel to external devices, the high-speed USB physical layer is used to transmit hardware monitoring data and firmware update packages; when data is transmitted from external devices to the BMC kernel, the high-speed USB physical layer is used to receive remote management instructions and configuration parameters.

[0033] Through the time-division multiplexing mechanism, the high-speed USB physical layer can transmit bidirectional data on the same physical channel in time division, thereby avoiding the channel idle problem in traditional half-duplex transmission. For example, in the gap of transmission of hardware monitoring data (such as temperature and voltage sequences) from the BMC to external devices, remote management instructions sent by the external devices can be received in real time, thereby greatly improving the utilization rate of bus bandwidth. According to the transmission requirements of different data types (monitoring data, firmware package, management instruction), the time-division multiplexing mechanism can dynamically adjust the time slice allocation of bidirectional transmission. For example, the downlink time slice ratio is increased (70% downlink / 30% uplink) during firmware update, and balanced allocation (50% downlink / 50% uplink) is adopted during daily monitoring, thereby ensuring the quality of service (QoS) of various services.

[0034] When external devices transmit remote management instructions to the BMC, the time-division multiplexing mechanism can ensure that the instructions are received and processed by the BMC kernel within 1 ms, thereby meeting the real-time operation requirements of server remote power on / off, firmware upgrade, etc. The mechanism makes the response delay of remote control stable within 50 ms, close to the experience of local operation. For large-size data such as firmware update packages, the time-division multiplexing transmission combined with the CRC check mechanism can accurately locate the breakpoint (such as the Nth time slice data loss) when the transmission is interrupted, implement lossless transmission by retransmitting the time slice data, avoid the bandwidth waste caused by traditional full retransmission, and thereby improve the real-time performance and reliability of remote management.

[0035] In addition, the time division multiplexing mechanism automatically handles the bidirectional timing scheduling by the hardware layer, without the need to separately deploy two physical channels for bidirectional transmission, reducing the complexity of PCB wiring and hardware cost, and without the need to additionally develop bidirectional communication control logic at the software level, greatly reducing the development workload of the driver program. For example, the BMC kernel can send / receive data through a unified interface without needing to pay attention to the details of the underlying channel switching. Moreover, the time division multiplexing transmission mechanism conforms to the duplex transmission specification of the USB4.0 protocol and is naturally compatible with the Thunderbolt 3 / 4, DisplayPort 2.0, etc. protocols, ensuring the plug-and-play (PnP) capability of external devices (such as high-speed graphics cards and storage arrays) and reducing protocol adaptation problems. Through the design of "hardware time-sharing scheduling + dynamic resource allocation", the bidirectional transmission efficiency of the high-speed universal serial bus physical layer is maximized, and the core value is not only to improve the data throughput, but also to build a full-process closed-loop management capability of "real-time monitoring - instruction response - firmware upgrade", which is suitable for server remote management and industrial control scenarios with high reliability and real-time requirements.

[0036] The USB4.0 controller structure in the embodiment of the application, as shown in Figure 2 includes: an application layer for implementing a bandwidth isolation mechanism and dynamic buffer management; and a media access control layer for data encapsulation and decapsulation, and multi-protocol concurrent management. Through the cooperative design of the application layer and the media access control layer (MAC layer), high-bandwidth transmission, multi-protocol compatibility and resource optimization management are achieved.

[0037] Further, as shown in Figure 3 the application layer includes:

[0038] A bandwidth isolation unit is configured to allocate a preset minimum guaranteed bandwidth for each protocol; the unit allocates independent bandwidth channels (such as a preset USB4.0 occupying 30%, Thunderbolt occupying 40%) for the USB4.0, Thunderbolt 3 / 4, DisplayPort 2.0, etc. protocols, ensuring that critical services such as monitoring data and remote instructions are not disturbed by high-bandwidth services (such as firmware updates). For example, when transmitting a 4K video stream and hardware temperature data at the same time, the bandwidth isolation can control the delay fluctuation of the temperature data within ±5%, avoiding the loss of monitoring data due to bandwidth competition. When the bandwidth of a certain protocol does not reach the preset minimum value, the idle bandwidth is automatically allocated to other high-load protocols, improving the bus utilization rate. For example, after the storage device completes transmission, the 20% bandwidth originally allocated to the storage can be transferred to the remote management instruction transmission in real time, reducing channel idling.

[0039] The buffer management unit is used for dynamically adjusting data cache space according to data flow; for example, automatically expanding or shrinking the cache capacity (such as from 512MB to 1024MB) according to real-time data flow, avoiding data packet loss caused by burst traffic (such as instantaneous 10Gbps transmission), adopting a multi-level cache architecture (such as cache + dynamic cache), preferentially storing high-frequency access data (such as device status registers), and improving the response speed of the BMC kernel.

[0040] The data queue optimization unit is used for managing data packet processing order through a list processor; for example, through DRR (weighted round robin) or SP (strict priority) algorithm, the data packets are sorted according to the urgency of the service (such as remote power-on instruction > temperature alarm data > regular monitoring data), ensuring that critical instructions are processed within 1ms, close to the local operation experience, and guaranteeing the real-time performance of emergency services.

[0041] The protocol state monitoring unit is used for recording running parameters through a control and state register. For example, through the control and state register (CSR), the transmission rate, error rate, bandwidth occupation and other parameters of each protocol are recorded, and the BMC kernel can query in real time. Based on the historical parameters recorded by the CSR (such as the bandwidth usage trend of each protocol), the bandwidth isolation threshold and the cache strategy are automatically adjusted. For example, if the Thunderbolt protocol bandwidth utilization is detected to be more than 80% for three consecutive times, the system automatically increases the minimum bandwidth allocation from 30% to 35%, realizing adaptive optimization.

[0042] Through the cooperation of the four functional units, the application layer constructs a complete management chain of "bandwidth guarantee-cache adaptation-queue scheduling-state monitoring", not only solving the resource competition and delay problem of traditional BMC in high-speed data transmission, but also improving the intelligent level of the system through the data-driven adaptive mechanism, providing core technical support for efficient operation and maintenance of high-density server clusters and industrial Internet of Things.

[0043] Further, the media access control layer provided by the embodiment of the application includes: Figure 3 as shown in the figure, including:

[0044] The physical layer interface unit is used for converting and transmitting electrical signals; specifically, it can support CML / LVDS differential signal standard, convert the digital signals of the BMC kernel into differential electrical signals suitable for high-speed transmission, compensate for more than 20dB insertion loss (such as cable attenuation, PCB wiring loss), and ensure the integrity of 40Gbps signals during transmission.

[0045] Link layer, used for encapsulation and decapsulation of data; specifically, using 8b / 10b encoding rules to convert raw data into code streams suitable for high-speed transmission, while detecting transmission errors in real time through CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check) mechanism. In a strong electromagnetic interference environment, it ensures the lossless transmission of hardware monitoring data (such as temperature, voltage sequence). Supports link training and state management, automatically negotiates transmission rate, clock synchronization and other parameters. For example: when external devices are connected, the link layer can complete rate matching (such as adapting from 40Gbps to 20Gbps) within 10ms, avoiding communication interruption caused by rate mismatch.

[0046] Protocol layer, used for parallel analysis and management of multiple communication protocols; for example, integrating USB4.0, Thunderbolt3 / 4, DisplayPort 2.0, etc. protocol parsers, supporting parallel processing of different protocol packets. For example: BMC can simultaneously communicate with USB4.0 hard drives (transmit data) and Thunderbolt graphics cards (transmit video), without switching protocol stacks, improving management efficiency by 50%.

[0047] Transmission layer, used for controlling dynamic bandwidth allocation of multiple protocols. For example, through dynamic bandwidth allocation mechanism, the bandwidth allocation ratio is adjusted in real time according to the traffic of each protocol. For example: when firmware update (downlink traffic) and remote instruction (uplink traffic) are concurrent, the transmission layer can temporarily increase the downlink bandwidth ratio from 50% to 70%, and store the uplink data in the buffer, to ensure the quality of service (QoS) of the two types of services. Supports minimum bandwidth guarantee (BI) and dynamic allocation of redundant bandwidth, bus utilization rate is increased from 60% in traditional scheme to more than 90%. In the scenario of server remote management, this mechanism makes the transmission delay of monitoring data fluctuate within ±5%, and the response time of remote instruction ≤1ms.

[0048] Power management unit, used for optimizing power consumption and stable operation in different working modes. Specifically, for example, when transmitting at full speed of 40Gbps, the power management unit (PMU) controls the power consumption to be within 1.5W through voltage frequency scaling (DVFS) technology, suitable for low-power scenarios such as edge servers and industrial gateways. Supports automatic switching between standby mode (power consumption ≤0.5W), full-speed mode and energy-saving mode. For example: when the BMC is in idle state, the PMU automatically switches to standby mode to reduce cooling demand; when receiving remote management instructions, it wakes up to full-speed mode within 10ms to ensure real-time response, and monitors power consumption data of each module (such as USB4.0 controller, physical layer interface) in real time, and automatically triggers frequency reduction protection when power consumption exceeds the threshold (such as 1.8W), to avoid chip overheating damage.

[0049] The MAC layer provided by the embodiment of the application can improve the performance of the system in high-speed transmission, multi-protocol management, low-power operation and harsh environment adaptability by combining each unit, meet the needs of data centers, industrial control and other scenarios, break through the bandwidth bottleneck and protocol compatibility limitation of the traditional BMC in high-speed data management, and build a "high-speed, reliable, flexible and intelligent" server management core module.

[0050] In an application scenario, in the 5G base station edge server, the low-power design (full load power consumption is less than or equal to 1.5 W) and the multi-protocol compatibility capability of the MAC layer can realize unified management of the USB4.0 camera and the PCIe computing card, and meet the needs of "high-bandwidth transmission + low-power operation".

[0051] In an embodiment, the media access control layer provided by the embodiment of the application further includes:

[0052] The signal conditioning circuit includes an equalizer and a pre-emphasis circuit, which are used to optimize signal integrity and transmission efficiency.

[0053] Specifically, the equalizer adopts a 5th-order DFE (decision feedback equalization) technology to compensate for the high-frequency attenuation in the signal transmission process. For example, when a 40Gbps signal is transmitted through a 5-meter USB4.0 cable, the attenuation of the high-frequency component of the cable can reach 20dB, and the equalizer can dynamically adjust the filter coefficient to restore the attenuated signal to more than 90% of the original amplitude, ensuring that the receiving end can correctly sample the data.

[0054] The pre-emphasis circuit (Pre-emphasis) pre-enhances the high-frequency signal at the sending end, such as providing adjustable gain (8 gears) of-3dB-6dB. When transmitting a 40Gbps data stream, the pre-emphasis circuit amplifies the high-frequency components of the rising and falling edges of the signal by 6dB, offsets the signal distortion caused by the parasitic capacitance in the PCB trace, and increases the signal eye opening from 50% to more than 80%.

[0055] The signal conditioning circuit solves the problems of signal attenuation, noise interference and other difficult problems in USB4.0 high-speed transmission through the cooperative design of the equalizer and the pre-emphasis circuit from the hardware level, not only guarantees the integrity and real-time performance of 40Gbps data transmission, but also realizes the balance between high performance and low power consumption through adaptive adjustment and power consumption optimization, and provides key technical support for the large-scale application of the server management system in multiple scenarios.

[0056] In practical applications, the power management unit is linked with the signal conditioning circuit to reduce power consumption under the premise of ensuring signal quality.For example, when the signal conditioning circuit detects short-distance transmission (such as on-board wiring), the PMU automatically reduces the amplification of the pre-emphasis circuit to reduce power consumption and achieve three-dimensional optimization of "transmission distance-signal quality-power consumption".

[0057] In the embodiment of the application, the internal bus comprises a first transmission bus and a second transmission bus, wherein:

[0058] The first transmission bus is a high-speed transmission bus, which is used for data interaction between the serial bus controller and the baseboard management controller kernel; for example, the AXI4-Stream protocol is adopted, 256bit data bit width, clock frequency 200MHz, and the theoretical bandwidth reaches 51.2Gbps, which is suitable for the 40Gbps high-speed data transmission requirement of the USB4.0 controller. In an application scenario: when the BMC kernel needs to send a 1GB firmware update package to the USB4.0 controller, the high-speed transmission bus transmits 256bit data in parallel in burst transmission mode (Burst Mode), and only 0.2 seconds are needed to complete the transmission, which is 32 times more efficient than the traditional 32bit bus.

[0059] The second transmission bus is a low-speed transmission bus, which is used for transmission of configuration and state control signals. For example, the AHB-Lite protocol is adopted, 32bit data bit width, clock frequency 100MHz, and the bandwidth is 4Gbps, which is used for control signal transmission. In an application scenario, when an operation and maintenance personnel configures the bandwidth allocation strategy (such as reserving 30% bandwidth for the Thunderbolt protocol) of the USB4.0 controller through a remote management interface, the low-speed transmission bus transmits the configuration instruction, and the delay is less than 1ms, ensuring that the parameters take effect in real time.

[0060] In the embodiment of the application, the high-speed transmission bus focuses on large data transmission (such as firmware package and 4K monitoring video), and the low-speed transmission bus handles small data control signals (such as register configuration and state query), so as to avoid competition for bandwidth between the two types of services in the same bus. At the same time, the low-speed transmission bus is independently designed, so that even if the high-speed transmission bus is full load (40Gbps), the delay of the control signal is still stable within 1ms, ensuring the timely processing of remote management instructions (such as fault alarm).

[0061] In one embodiment, the bandwidth of the high-speed transmission bus (51.2Gbps) is higher than the 40Gbps transmission rate of the USB4.0 controller, forming bandwidth redundancy and preventing the bus from becoming a transmission bottleneck. When the USB4.0 controller concurrently processes multi-protocol data (such as USB4.0+Thunderbolt), the high-speed transmission bus can ensure that the data is transmitted without blocking, and the bus utilization rate remains above 90%. The low-speed transmission bus transmits the status signal of the USB4.0 controller (such as the buffer water level and the protocol operation status) to the BMC core in real time. When congestion of the high-speed transmission bus is detected, the BMC core automatically adjusts the task priority (such as suspending non-urgent data transmission) to avoid data loss due to bus congestion.

[0062] In one embodiment, if Figure 4 As shown, the system provided by the present invention further includes: an internal functional module for interaction between the internal bus and the high-speed universal serial bus, and the internal functional module includes: a display module and a network transmission module.

[0063] Internal functional modules interact with the USB 4.0 controller via an internal bus. Display modules (such as the VGA display module) support high-speed transmission of 4K@60Hz high-definition video signals, meeting the high-definition display requirements of remote server KVM (keyboard, video, and mouse) operations. For example, when maintenance personnel view server BIOS configurations through the remote management interface, 4K display enhances the clarity of interface details and improves operational efficiency.

[0064] Display modules (such as the EMAC network transmission module) support the DisplayPort 2.0 protocol via USB 4.0, enabling direct driving of high-resolution displays without the need for an additional protocol conversion chip. When the BMC transmits surveillance video streams, USB 4.0's 40Gbps bandwidth enables simultaneous transmission of four 4K video streams with latency under 50ms, ensuring smooth remote monitoring.

[0065] The embodiment of the present invention uses the display module and the network transmission module to interact directly with the USB4.0 controller through the internal bus, reducing dependence on the host CPU. For example: when the server host is down, the BMC can still output the fault screen through the display module and send alarm information through the network transmission module to achieve out-of-band management, greatly reducing the fault location time. The internal functional modules are integrated into the BMC chip, eliminating the need to purchase additional display chips or network controllers, reducing hardware costs. At the same time, the internal bus unifies the data interaction interface, reducing the complexity of PCB wiring, and thus providing a highly integrated, low-cost, and highly efficient server management solution for scenarios such as data centers and industrial control.

[0066] The embodiment of the present application also provides a baseboard management controller management method integrated with a high-speed universal serial bus, such as Figure 5As shown, comprising:

[0067] S1, load high-speed universal serial bus module and establish communication link with substrate management controller kernel;

[0068] S2, through the time division multiplexing mechanism of high-speed universal serial bus physical layer and multi-protocol compatible interface, data upload from substrate management controller kernel to external device and instruction receiving from external device to substrate management controller kernel are executed;

[0069] S3, hardware monitoring and remote management are realized through substrate management controller kernel.

[0070] In an embodiment, for example, when loading USB4.0 module, hardware configuration is automatically identified, protocol stack initialization (such as USB4.0 Gen3 protocol parameter negotiation) is completed within 10ms, and dynamic link establishment in hot plug scenario is supported.For example, when hot plugging USB4.0 storage device, module loading can be completed without system restart, data transmission delay is controlled within 50ms, CRC check and link training are synchronized and initialized when establishing communication link, and signal integrity of 40Gbps high-speed transmission is ensured.

[0071] The management method provided by the embodiment of the application breaks through the bottleneck of traditional BMC in high-speed data interaction and real-time management through the collaborative design of "module dynamic loading-time division multiplexing transmission-kernel intelligent management", and builds an integrated management process of "efficient transmission, real-time monitoring and intelligent scheduling", which provides a standardized solution for intelligent management of next-generation servers and industrial equipment.

[0072] Further, the application layer bandwidth isolation unit of high-speed universal serial bus is used to allocate minimum guaranteed bandwidth for each protocol, and the media access control layer dynamic bandwidth allocation mechanism is combined to optimize multi-protocol concurrent transmission.

[0073] Real-time monitoring of transmission link quality is performed, and the adjustment parameters of the signal conditioning circuit are dynamically adjusted to optimize signal integrity and transmission efficiency in real time.

[0074] The embodiment of the application allocates minimum guaranteed bandwidth for each protocol through the application layer bandwidth isolation unit of the high-speed universal serial bus, and combines the dynamic bandwidth allocation mechanism of the medium access control layer to realize efficient resource scheduling of multi-protocol concurrent transmission, avoid high-bandwidth services from occupying key links, for example, when a 4K video stream and hardware monitoring data are simultaneously transmitted through USB4.0, the delay fluctuation of the monitoring data can be controlled within ± 5%, and the service stability is guaranteed; at the same time, the transmission link quality is monitored in real time, and the signal conditioning circuit parameters (such as equalizer, pre-emphasis coefficient) are dynamically adjusted, which can compensate for signal attenuation of more than 20 dB, greatly reduce the error rate of 40Gbps high-speed transmission, and the data retransmission rate in the industrial strong electromagnetic interference environment, and significantly improve the signal integrity and transmission efficiency. Through the collaborative design of 'precise bandwidth allocation + signal dynamic optimization', the embodiment of the application not only ensures the quality of service of USB4.0 multi-protocol services, but also enhances the reliability of high-speed transmission, and is suitable for scenes such as data centers and industrial control that have strict requirements on bandwidth utilization and transmission stability.

[0075] Through the description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the method according to the above embodiments can be realized by means of software and the necessary general hardware platform, of course, it can also be realized by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better embodiment.

[0076] The skilled person can further realize that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in combination with the embodiments disclosed herein can be realized by electronic hardware, computer software or a combination of both, and in order to clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the components and steps of each example have been described in the above description. Whether the functions are realized in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. The skilled person can use different methods to realize the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of the present application.

[0077] The above provides a detailed description of an integrated high-speed universal serial bus substrate management controller management system and method. The principles and embodiments of the application are described in this paper, and the above example is only used to help understand the method and core idea of the application. It should be pointed out that for ordinary skilled persons in the technical field, without departing from the principles of the application, some improvements and modifications can be made to the application, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the application.

Claims

1. A baseboard management controller management system integrated with a high-speed universal serial bus, characterized in that: include: Baseboard management controller core, used to implement hardware monitoring and remote management; A high-speed universal serial bus controller, configured to interact with the baseboard management controller core via an internal bus; High-speed universal serial bus physical layer, used to support high-speed differential signal transmission; Multi-protocol compatible interface, used to connect external devices compatible with multiple protocols.

2. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The high-speed universal serial bus physical layer supports bidirectional time division multiplexing transmission: When data is transmitted from the baseboard management controller core to the external device, the high-speed universal serial bus physical layer is used to transmit hardware monitoring data and firmware update packets; When data is transmitted from an external device to the baseboard management controller core, the high-speed universal serial bus physical layer is used to receive remote management instructions and configuration parameters.

3. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The high-speed universal serial bus is a fourth-generation high-speed universal serial bus, and the high-speed universal serial bus controller includes: Application layer, used to implement bandwidth isolation mechanism and dynamic buffer management; Media access control layer, used for data encapsulation and decapsulation, as well as multi-protocol concurrent management.

4. The system according to claim 3, characterized in that The application layer includes: Bandwidth isolation unit, used to allocate preset minimum guaranteed bandwidth for each protocol; A buffer management unit, used to dynamically adjust the data cache space according to data traffic; Data queue optimization unit, used to manage the data packet processing order through the list processor; The protocol status monitoring unit is used to record operating parameters through control and status registers.

5. The system according to claim 3, wherein: The media access control layer includes: Physical layer interface unit, used for electrical signal conversion and transmission; Link layer, used for data encapsulation and decapsulation; Protocol layer, used for parallel analysis and management of multiple communication protocols; Transport layer, used to control multi-protocol dynamic bandwidth allocation; Power management unit, used to optimize power consumption and stable operation in different working modes.

6. The system according to claim 5, characterized in that The media access control layer also includes: The signal conditioning circuit includes an equalizer and a pre-emphasis circuit to optimize signal integrity and transmission efficiency.

7. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The internal bus includes a first transmission bus and a second transmission bus, wherein: The first transmission bus is a high-speed transmission bus, which is used for data exchange between the high-speed universal serial bus controller and the baseboard management controller core; The second transmission bus is a low-speed transmission bus used for transmitting configuration and status control signals.

8. The system according to claim 1, wherein: Also includes: The internal function module interacts with the high-speed universal serial bus controller via an internal bus. The internal function module includes: a display module and a network transmission module.

9. A method for managing a baseboard management controller integrated with a high-speed universal serial bus, characterized in that: include: Loading the high-speed universal serial bus module and establishing a communication link with the baseboard management controller core; Through the time division multiplexing mechanism of the high-speed universal serial bus physical layer and the multi-protocol compatible interface, data upload from the baseboard management controller core to the external device and instruction reception from the external device to the baseboard management controller core are executed; Hardware monitoring and remote management are achieved through the baseboard management controller core.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that Also includes: The application layer bandwidth isolation unit of the high-speed universal serial bus allocates the minimum guaranteed bandwidth to each protocol, and the dynamic bandwidth allocation mechanism of the media access control layer is combined to optimize the concurrent transmission of multiple protocols; Monitor the transmission link quality in real time and dynamically adjust the conditioning parameters of the signal conditioning circuit to optimize signal integrity and transmission efficiency in real time.

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