A method and apparatus for simulating blood pressure measurement based on a mercury sphygmomanometer

Abstract

The application belongs to the field of simulating blood pressure measurement, and particularly relates to a method and device for simulating blood pressure measurement based on a mercury sphygmomanometer. The application corrects the collected original pressure values, obtains overall pressure values, establishes a corresponding relationship between the equally-spaced divided blood pressure values and the overall pressure values, calibrates the mercury sphygmomanometer to be used according to the corresponding relationship, measures the simulated blood pressure by the calibrated mercury sphygmomanometer, and thus completes the simulated blood pressure measurement of the mercury sphygmomanometer for one time. The simulated blood pressure data measured by the method is accurate, and the simulated blood pressure measurement error caused by the difference of cuffs of mercury sphygmomanometers of different manufacturers and different models is avoided, and a real experience of blood pressure measurement can be provided for medical students.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the field of simulating blood pressure measurement, and particularly relates to a method and device for simulating blood pressure measurement based on a mercury sphygmomanometer. BACKGROUND

[0002] In current medical education and clinical practice, blood pressure measurement is a basic and important skill. For medical students in the early training or learning stage, a large number of simulated blood pressure measurement exercises are needed to accurately master the skill of blood pressure measurement and reduce blood pressure measurement errors. At present, medical students usually place a simulated sphygmomanometer or a real sphygmomanometer after modification on a simulation model to measure simulated blood pressure. When the above method is used to measure simulated blood pressure, the following defects exist: 1. Medical students cannot experience the real feeling of using a real sphygmomanometer to measure blood pressure; 2. The wearing of the cuff cannot be guaranteed to be consistent every time simulated blood pressure measurement is performed, thereby affecting the accuracy of simulated blood pressure measurement. SUMMARY

[0003] The purpose of the present application is to solve the above technical problems and provide a method and device for simulating blood pressure measurement based on a mercury sphygmomanometer to improve the operation experience of medical students and the accuracy of simulated blood pressure measurement. The present application is realized by the following scheme:

[0004] A method for simulating blood pressure measurement based on a mercury sphygmomanometer, the specific steps are as follows:

[0005] S1, establishing a corresponding relationship between blood pressure values and overall pressure values and pre-storing it to a master control unit, the specific steps are as follows:

[0006] S11, dividing the blood pressure values into multiple segments at equal intervals, and obtaining the original pressure values collected by each pressure sensor corresponding to each segment of blood pressure values;

[0007] S12, performing correction calculation on the original pressure values collected by each pressure sensor obtained for each segment of blood pressure values to obtain the overall pressure value corresponding to the segment of blood pressure values;

[0008] S13, pre-storing the corresponding relationship between each segment of blood pressure values and overall pressure values obtained in step S12 to the master control unit;

[0009] S2, calibrating the mercury sphygmomanometer to be used according to the corresponding relationship between the blood pressure values and the overall pressure values determined in step S1;

[0010] S3, measuring simulated blood pressure using the calibrated mercury sphygmomanometer, the specific steps are as follows:

[0011] S31, judging whether the wearing position of the mercury sphygmomanometer cuff is correct, if correct, entering step S32, if incorrect, adjusting to be correct and then entering step S32;

[0012] S32, after determining that the position of the cuff is correct, inflating the cuff to above 200mmHg, slowly deflating after the mercury column is stable, collecting pressure values in real time by each pressure sensor, correcting and calculating the obtained original pressure values collected by each pressure sensor according to step S12 to obtain corrected real-time overall pressure values;

[0013] S33, judging whether the corrected real-time overall pressure values are located between the overall pressure values corresponding to two adjacent blood pressure values pre-stored in the master control unit, if yes, calculating the real-time blood pressure value B P according to the following formula;

[0014] ,

[0015] wherein, B P is the real-time measured blood pressure value, m is the blood pressure value interval value, m=0, 1, ……8, P is the corrected real-time overall pressure value, P adj(20*m) is the corrected overall pressure value corresponding to the m blood pressure value interval, and P adj(20*(m+1)) is the corrected overall pressure value corresponding to the m+1 blood pressure value interval;

[0016] If not, further judgment is made, if the measured real-time overall pressure value is greater than the overall pressure value corresponding to the highest blood pressure value pre-stored in the master control unit, returning to step S32 to continue slowly deflating the cuff until the obtained real-time overall pressure is located between the overall pressure values corresponding to two adjacent blood pressure values pre-stored in the master control unit;

[0017] S34, judging whether the blood pressure value B P calculated by step S33 is located between the diastolic pressure and the systolic pressure of the analog arm issued by the upper computer, if yes, continuing to slowly deflate the cuff, and the master control unit controls the loudspeaker to emit the corresponding Korotkoff sound according to the different blood pressure segments divided at equal intervals between the diastolic pressure and the systolic pressure, so as to complete the measurement of the simulated blood pressure according to the appearance and disappearance of the Korotkoff sound;

[0018] If not, continuing to slowly deflate until the real-time blood pressure value B P calculated by step S33 is located between the diastolic pressure and the systolic pressure of the analog arm issued by the upper computer.

[0019] Further, the specific steps implemented by step S12 are as follows:

[0020] S121, obtaining raw pressure values of each pressure sensor, sorting the obtained raw pressure values in ascending order to obtain a large-side pressure value and a small-side pressure value, and obtaining a pressure difference value from the large-side pressure value and the small-side pressure value;

[0021] S122, obtaining a compensation value for the small-side pressure value according to the pressure difference value;

[0022] S123, determining an effective proportion of the raw pressure values collected by each pressure sensor in the raw overall pressure value;

[0023] S124, calculating a corrected overall pressure value according to the following formula according to the value compensated for the small-side pressure value obtained in steps S121-S123 and the effective proportion of the raw pressure values collected by each pressure sensor in the raw overall pressure value;

[0024] ,

[0025] wherein P adj is the corrected overall pressure value corresponding to the blood pressure value, P b is the compensation value for the small-side pressure value, is the average of the raw pressure values collected by each pressure sensor, W i is the effective proportion of the raw pressure values collected by each pressure sensor in the raw overall pressure value, P i is the raw pressure value collected by each pressure sensor, and n is the number of sensors.

[0026] Further, the specific steps of obtaining the compensation value for the small-side pressure value in step S122 are as follows:

[0027] S1221, obtaining a small-side pressure difference ratio according to the pressure difference value obtained in step S121, i.e., determining the influence degree of the non-inflatable area, and determining the compensation value for the small-side according to the pressure difference value and the pressure difference ratio, the calculation formula being:

[0028] ,

[0029] wherein P b is the compensation value for the small-side pressure value, P d is the pressure difference between the large-side and the small-side, and r d is the pressure difference ratio.

[0030] Further, the steps of determining the effective proportion of the raw pressure values collected by each pressure sensor in the raw overall pressure value in step S123 are as follows:

[0031] S1231, the absolute deviation of the raw pressure value collected by each pressure sensor is calculated according to the raw pressure value collected by each pressure sensor, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0032] ,

[0033] Wherein, d i is the absolute deviation of the raw pressure value collected by each pressure sensor, is the average value of the raw pressure value collected by each pressure sensor, P i is the raw pressure value collected by each pressure sensor.

[0034] S1232, after obtaining the absolute deviation of the raw pressure value collected by each pressure sensor, the deviation degree of the raw pressure value collected by each pressure sensor in the raw overall pressure value can be obtained according to the following formula:

[0035] ,

[0036] r i is the proportion of the absolute deviation of each pressure value in the overall deviation, which reflects the deviation degree of each collected raw pressure value, d i is the absolute deviation of the raw pressure value collected by each pressure sensor, d sum is the sum of the absolute deviation of the raw pressure value collected by each pressure sensor;S1233, after obtaining the deviation degree of the raw pressure value collected by each pressure sensor in step S1232, the effective proportion w i ,

[0037] ,

[0038] Wherein, w i is the effective proportion of the raw pressure value collected by each pressure sensor in the raw overall pressure value.

[0039] Further, step 2 includes the following steps:

[0040] S21, judge whether the position of the mercury sphygmomanometer cuff is correct, if correct, enter step S22, if not, adjust the position of the cuff and enter step S22;

[0041] S22, inflating the cuff to 200mmHg or above, after the mercury column is stable, slowly deflating to each segmented point blood pressure value, judging whether the overall pressure value obtained by correcting the original pressure value collected by each pressure sensor at the blood pressure value is consistent with the overall pressure value corresponding to the blood pressure value in the corresponding relationship between the blood pressure value and the overall pressure value pre-stored in the master control unit at the blood pressure value, if consistent, completing the calibration of the standby mercury sphygmomanometer, if not consistent, adjusting the position and tightness of the cuff, re-measuring and judging until consistent.

[0042] A simulated blood pressure measuring device for implementing any one of the above-mentioned methods of simulating blood pressure measurement based on a mercury sphygmomanometer, the simulated blood pressure measuring device comprising a simulated arm, a mercury sphygmomanometer and an upper computer, wherein the simulated arm comprises a simulated arm body, and a first photosensitive detection element and a second photosensitive detection element arranged inside the simulated arm body, for detecting whether the placement position of the mercury sphygmomanometer cuff is correct;

[0043] and a plurality of pressure sensors arranged around the simulated arm body, wherein the pressure sensors are used to collect the original pressure value of the simulated arm during the inflation and / or deflation process of the mercury sphygmomanometer cuff in the blood pressure range of 0-180mmHg, and transmit to the master control unit;

[0044] and a master control unit arranged in the simulated arm body, the master control unit comprising a storage unit, in which a correction algorithm is pre-stored, for correcting the original pressure value collected by the pressure sensor to obtain the overall pressure value after correction; and data of the corresponding relationship between each blood pressure value and the overall pressure value is pre-stored;

[0045] a judgment unit, the judgment unit is used to judge whether the overall pressure value obtained during calibration of the mercury sphygmomanometer is consistent with the overall pressure value corresponding to a certain blood pressure value in the corresponding relationship data between the blood pressure value and the overall pressure value pre-stored in the storage unit, and to judge whether the real-time overall pressure value obtained during simulated blood pressure measurement is located between the overall pressure values corresponding to two adjacent blood pressure values in the corresponding relationship data between the blood pressure value and the overall pressure value pre-stored in the storage unit;

[0046] a control unit, the control unit is used to control the loudspeaker to emit different Korotkoff sounds in the diastolic pressure and systolic pressure range during real-time measurement of simulated blood pressure;

[0047] and the mercury sphygmomanometer is used to apply pressure to each pressure sensor on the simulated arm to achieve the corresponding blood pressure value.

[0048] Further, the first light-sensitive detection element is arranged 3 cm above the elbow of the simulated arm body, and the second light-sensitive detection element is arranged 24 cm above the elbow of the simulated arm body.

[0049] Further, the pressure sensor is arranged in any number of 4, 6 or 8, and is arranged between the two light-sensitive detection elements in a manner of surrounding the simulated arm body.

[0050] Further, the pressure sensor is arranged in a groove on the simulated arm body, is fixed on the simulated arm body by a screw, and an elastic pressing member is arranged outside the pressure sensor and is screwed.

[0051] Further, the simulated arterial blood vessels and the air pump are arranged, the simulated arterial blood vessels are connected with the air pump pipeline, and the air pump is electrically connected with the control unit.

[0052] The beneficial effects of the present application are: the present application uses the cuff of the real mercury sphygmomanometer to press each pressure sensor arranged on the simulated arm, and corrects and calculates the original pressure values collected by each pressure sensor through a correction algorithm, to obtain the overall pressure value of the cuff applied to each pressure sensor, and calculates the simulated blood pressure through the overall pressure value after correction, so that the simulated blood pressure measured by this method avoids the problem of too large measurement error caused by the change of the tightness of the cuff; moreover, this measurement method can correct the measurement deviation caused by the different sizes or inflation areas of different models of mercury sphygmomanometers, so that the simulated blood pressure measuring device can be applied to any model of mercury sphygmomanometer for simulated blood pressure measurement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0053] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall process of the present application;

[0054] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the process of establishing the corresponding relationship between the blood pressure value and the overall pressure value;

[0055] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the process of correcting the pressure values collected by the pressure sensor;

[0056] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the process of determining the effective proportion of the original pressure values collected by each pressure sensor;

[0057] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the specific process of simulated blood pressure measurement;

[0058] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the inflatable area of the cuff located at the position of each pressure sensor;

[0059] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the blood pressure measuring device;

[0060] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the simulated arm;

[0061] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the fixing structure of the pressure sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0062] In order to more clearly illustrate the relationship between the technical problems, technical solutions and technical effects to be achieved of the present application, the following will be described in detail in combination with specific embodiments.

[0063] In the present embodiment, a method for simulating blood pressure measurement based on a mercury sphygmomanometer is applied to a simulated arm, a mercury sphygmomanometer and an upper computer, wherein the mercury sphygmomanometer is any model of mercury sphygmomanometer purchased on the market.

[0064] A method for simulating blood pressure measurement based on a mercury sphygmomanometer, the specific steps are as follows: Figures 1-5 as shown,

[0065] S1, establish the corresponding relationship between the blood pressure value and the overall pressure value, and prestore it to the master control unit, the specific steps are as follows:

[0066] S11, divide the blood pressure value into multiple segments at equal intervals, and obtain the initial pressure values collected by each pressure sensor corresponding to each blood pressure value;

[0067] The specific implementation of step S11 is to place the cuff of the mercury sphygmomanometer at the position of the pressure sensor of the simulated arm, and detect whether the cuff wearing position is correct through the photosensitive detection element. When the resistance values of the photosensitive detection elements are all in the changing state, it can be considered that the cuff wearing position is correct. Then inflate the cuff to above 200mmHg, and after the mercury column is stable, slowly deflate the cuff, and when the mercury column height is reduced to 180mmHg, start to record the original pressure values collected by each pressure sensor corresponding to each blood pressure value every 20mmHg.

[0068] After obtaining the original pressure values collected by each pressure sensor under each blood pressure value, the original pressure values need to be corrected. In the present embodiment, the original pressure values collected by 4 pressure sensors when the mercury column height is 120mmHg, i.e. the blood pressure value is 120, are taken as an example to explain in detail how to correct the original pressure values, and the correction method steps when the number of pressure sensors is 6 or 8 are the same as those when the number of pressure sensors is 4.

[0069] Enter step S12 to correct the original pressure values collected by each pressure sensor, and the specific correction steps are as follows:

[0070] S121, obtaining the raw pressure values of each pressure sensor, sorting the obtained raw pressure values in ascending order, obtaining the pressure values on the large side and the pressure values on the small side, and obtaining the pressure difference value from the pressure values on the large side and the pressure values on the small side;

[0071] When the cuff is inflated, the inflatable area of the cuff generally cannot surround the arm, and there is an area that cannot be inflated. The raw pressure values collected by each pressure sensor are different, and the collected raw pressure values are sorted in ascending order and denoted as P 1 ＜ P 2 ＜ P 3 ＜ P 4， The two pressure values on the large side are taken as the raw pressure values collected by the pressure sensors in the inflatable area of the cuff, denoted as the large side, and the two pressure values on the small side are taken as the raw pressure values collected by the pressure sensors affected by the area that cannot be inflated, denoted as the small side. The pressure difference value between the large side and the small side is taken as the pressure value of the pressure sensor in the area that cannot be inflated compared to the inflatable area, and this value is denoted as the pressure difference value, which is calculated by the following formula:

[0072] ,

[0073] where P d is the pressure difference value, and P1, P2, P3, and P4 are the raw pressure values collected by each pressure sensor.

[0074] The pressure difference value P d is mainly affected by the size of the area that cannot be inflated, and the size of the area that cannot be inflated is determined by the tightness of the cuff. The wider the cuff, the larger the area that cannot be inflated, and the smaller the pressure on the small side. In order to obtain the same blood pressure value, more air needs to be filled into the cuff, and the inflatable area is more inflated, the pressure on the large side is greater, and the pressure difference between the large side and the small side is greater. On the contrary, the tighter the cuff, the smaller the pressure difference between the large side and the small side.

[0075] In order to eliminate the influence of the tightness of the cuff on the simulated blood pressure measurement, the pressure value on the small side needs to be compensated to adjust the pressure value collected at different tightness to the value shown at the same tightness, and enter step S122 to obtain the pressure compensation value on the small side. The specific steps are as follows:

[0076] S1221, obtaining the pressure difference ratio of the small side according to the pressure difference value obtained in step S121, i.e. determining the degree of influence of the area that cannot be inflated, and determining the compensation value of the small side according to the pressure difference value and the pressure difference ratio, which is calculated by the following formula:

[0077] ,

[0078] wherein P b is a compensation value for the small side, P d is a pressure difference value for the large side and the small side, r d is a pressure difference ratio.

[0079] In the embodiment, the pressure difference ratio r d is calculated by the proportion of the pressure difference value on the large side. The pressure difference ratio can evaluate the influence degree of the inflatable area on the overall pressure value collected by the pressure sensor. The pressure difference ratio is obtained by the following calculation formula:

[0080] ,

[0081] wherein r d is a pressure difference ratio, P d is a pressure difference value for the large side and the small side, P3, P4 are original pressure values collected by the inflatable area pressure sensor, i.e. the original pressure value on the large side.

[0082] Further, after inflating the cuff, the cuff does not uniformly deform, and the original pressure values collected by each pressure sensor arranged on the simulated arm are different. In order to obtain accurate simulated blood pressure, it is necessary to determine the influence degree of the original pressure values collected by each pressure sensor in the overall pressure value, i.e. to determine the effective proportion of each original pressure value.

[0083] Enter step S123, determine the effective proportion of the original pressure values collected by each pressure sensor in the original overall pressure value, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0084] S1231, calculate the absolute deviation of the original pressure value collected by each pressure sensor according to the original pressure values collected by each pressure sensor, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0085] ,

[0086] wherein d i is the absolute deviation of the original pressure value collected by each pressure sensor, is the average value of the original pressure values collected by each pressure sensor, P i is the original pressure value collected by each pressure sensor.

[0087] S1232, after obtaining the absolute deviation of the original pressure values collected by each pressure sensor, the deviation degree of the original pressure values collected by each pressure sensor in the original overall pressure value can be obtained according to the following formula; the calculation formula is as follows:

[0088] ,

[0089] r i is the proportion of the absolute deviation of each pressure value in the overall deviation, which reflects the deviation degree of each collected original pressure value, d i is the absolute deviation of the original pressure value collected by each pressure sensor, d sum is the sum of the absolute deviation of the original pressure value collected by each pressure sensor;

[0090] S1233, after obtaining the deviation degree of the original pressure value collected by each pressure sensor in step S1232, the greater the deviation degree, the smaller the effective proportion of the value in the original overall pressure calculation, and vice versa, so the effective proportion W of the original pressure value collected by the pressure sensor in the original overall pressure value is set i The calculation formula is as follows:

[0091] ,

[0092] wherein, W i is the effective proportion of the original pressure value collected by each pressure sensor in the original overall pressure value.

[0093] After steps S121-S123 determine the compensation value of the original pressure value on the small side and the effective proportion of each original pressure value in the original overall pressure value, step S124 is entered to obtain the corrected overall pressure value, so as to obtain the overall pressure value corresponding to the blood pressure value of 120, the calculation formula is as follows:

[0094] ,

[0095] wherein, P adj is the corrected overall pressure value corresponding to the blood pressure value, P b is the compensation value for the small side pressure value, is the average value of the original pressure value collected by each pressure sensor, W i is the effective proportion of the original pressure value collected by each pressure sensor in the original overall pressure value, P i is the original pressure value collected by each pressure sensor, and n is the number of sensors.

[0096] Step S13 obtains the corresponding relationship data between the blood pressure value and the overall pressure value divided by 20mmHg interval between 0-180mmHg according to the above correction method, and pre-stores it in the main control unit.

[0097] In some embodiments, the blood pressure values can be divided into intervals of 10 mmHg or 30 mmHg within the range of 0-180 mmHg, and then the corresponding relationship between the blood pressure values of each interval and the overall pressure values is obtained by the method of step S12.

[0098] Further, in order to ensure that the inflatable area of the cuff is located at any position, the raw pressure values collected by each pressure sensor are corrected by step S12, and the corresponding relationship between the blood pressure values of each interval and the overall pressure values pre-stored in the main control unit is used to obtain the accurate blood pressure values from the real-time collected overall pressure values. Therefore, in this embodiment, the overall pressure values of the cuff at different positions are collected, and the relative standard deviation of the raw overall pressure values and the corrected overall pressure values of multiple groups of data is calculated to evaluate the accuracy of the blood pressure values obtained after the raw pressure values are corrected by step S12. The calculation formula of the relative standard deviation of the raw overall pressure values is:

[0099] ,

[0100] wherein, is the raw overall pressure value collected when the inflatable area of the cuff is located on different pressure sensors, is the average value of the raw overall pressure values.

[0101] The calculation formula of the relative standard deviation of the corrected overall pressure values is:

[0102] ,

[0103] wherein, is the corrected overall pressure value collected when the inflatable area of the cuff is located on different pressure sensors, is the average value of the corrected overall pressure values.

[0104] Specifically, as shown in Figure 6 , at the same blood pressure value, the inflatable area of the cuff is placed above different pressure sensors and at the junction of two pressure sensors, and the raw pressure values collected by each pressure sensor when the inflatable area of the cuff is located at different positions are collected. The raw overall pressure values and the corrected overall pressure values are calculated from the collected raw pressure values, and the relative standard deviation of the obtained raw overall pressure values and the corrected overall pressure values is calculated to determine the correlation of the blood pressure values obtained from the raw pressure data processed by step S12 and the overall pressure values.

[0105] In this embodiment, the raw pressure values of each pressure sensor, the raw overall pressure values, and the overall pressure values after step S12 correction are recorded for the inflatable region of the cuff at different positions when the blood pressure values are 20 mmHg, 40 mmHg, 60 mmHg, 80 mmHg, 100 mmHg, 120 mmHg, 140 mmHg, 160 mmHg, and 180 mmHg, respectively. The experimental data are as follows:

[0106] Table 1 Pressure values at 20 mmHg

[0107]

[0108] The relative standard deviation of the raw overall pressure data at 20 mmHg is 11.62%.

[0109] The relative standard deviation of the corrected overall pressure data at 20 mmHg is 1.95%.

[0110] Table 2 Pressure values at 40 mmHg

[0111]

[0112] The relative standard deviation of the raw overall pressure data at 40 mmHg is 11.02%.

[0113] The relative standard deviation of the corrected overall pressure data at 40 mmHg is 1.90%.

[0114] Table 3 Pressure values at 60 mmHg

[0115]

[0116] The relative standard deviation of the raw overall pressure data at 60 mmHg is 8.52%.

[0117] The relative standard deviation of the corrected overall pressure data at 60 mmHg is 1.89%.

[0118] Table 4 Pressure values at 80 mmHg

[0119]

[0120] The relative standard deviation of the raw overall pressure data at 80 mmHg is 7.33%.

[0121] The relative standard deviation of the corrected overall pressure data at 80 mmHg is 1.83%.

[0122] Table 5 Pressure values at 100 mmHg

[0123]

[0124] Relative standard deviation of raw overall pressure data at 100 mmHg = 6.04%;

[0125] Relative standard deviation of corrected overall pressure data at 100 mmHg = 1.76%;

[0126] Table 6 Pressure values at 120 mmHg

[0127]

[0128] Relative standard deviation of raw overall pressure data at 120 mmHg = 5.30%;

[0129] Relative standard deviation of corrected overall pressure data at 120 mmHg = 1.61%;

[0130] Table 7 Pressure values at 140 mmHg

[0131]

[0132] Relative standard deviation of raw overall pressure data at 140 mmHg = 4.45%;

[0133] Relative standard deviation of corrected overall pressure data at 140 mmHg = 1.26%;

[0134] Table 8 Pressure values at 160 mmHg

[0135]

[0136] Relative standard deviation of raw overall pressure data at 160 mmHg = 3.99%;

[0137] Relative standard deviation of corrected overall pressure data at 160 mmHg = 1.16%;

[0138] Table 9 Pressure values at 180 mmHg

[0139]

[0140] Relative standard deviation of raw overall pressure data at 180 mmHg = 2.98%;

[0141] Relative standard deviation of corrected overall pressure data at 180 mmHg = 0.59%.

[0142] From the above experimental data, the relative standard deviation of the original overall pressure value is large when the inflatable area of the cuff is located at different pressure sensor positions, that is, it cannot meet the correlation of the overall pressure value obtained when the inflatable area of the cuff is located at any position and the corresponding relationship of the blood pressure value, which affects the accuracy of the simulated blood pressure measurement in the subsequent simulated blood pressure measurement. The relative standard deviation of the modified overall pressure value obtained after the original pressure value is modified in step S12 is small, which can meet the correlation of the overall pressure value obtained when the inflatable area of the cuff is located at any position and the corresponding relationship of the blood pressure value, which can ensure the accuracy of the simulated blood pressure measurement in the subsequent simulated blood pressure measurement.

[0143] When performing simulated blood pressure measurement, the mercury sphygmomanometer to be used needs to be calibrated to eliminate the influence of the difference of the inflatable area of the cuff on the measurement accuracy of the simulated blood pressure due to different models or manufacturers of the mercury sphygmomanometer. That is, step S2 is entered, and the corresponding relationship between the blood pressure value and the overall pressure value determined in step S1 is used to calibrate the real mercury sphygmomanometer to be used; the specific calibration method is to place the cuff of the mercury sphygmomanometer to be used at the blood pressure measurement position of the simulated arm, and determine whether the cuff is placed correctly by the photosensitive detection element. If it is correct, the next step is performed, if it is not correct, the cuff is adjusted to the correct position, and the cuff is inflated to above 200mmHg. After the mercury column is stable, it is slowly deflated to 180mmHg, 160mmHg, 140mmHg, 120mmHg, 100mmHg, 80mmHg, 60mmHg, 40mmHg, and 20mmHg. At this time, it is determined whether the modified overall pressure value corresponding to the blood pressure value is consistent with the overall pressure value corresponding to the blood pressure value in the corresponding relationship data between the blood pressure value and the overall pressure value pre-stored in the main control unit. If it is consistent, the calibration of the mercury sphygmomanometer to be used is completed. If it is not consistent, the tightness of the cuff is adjusted, and the measurement is re-performed until the overall pressure value obtained matches the corresponding relationship between the blood pressure value and the overall pressure value pre-stored in the main control unit, that is, the calibration of the mercury sphygmomanometer to be measured is completed.

[0144] After the calibration of the mercury sphygmomanometer to be used is completed, step S3 is entered to perform simulated blood pressure measurement, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0145] S31 determines whether the placement position of the mercury sphygmomanometer cuff is correct. If it is correct, step S32 is entered. If it is not correct, the position of the cuff is adjusted to be correct and then step S32 is entered.

[0146] The specific method for determining whether the position of the cuff is correct is as follows: the cuff of the mercury sphygmomanometer is placed at the blood pressure measurement position of the simulated arm, and it is observed whether the resistance value of the photosensitive detection element is in a changing state. If it is, the position of the cuff is correct. If it is not, the position of the cuff is adjusted until the resistance value of the photosensitive detection element is in a changing state, and the correct wearing of the cuff is completed.

[0147] S32, after determining that the cuff position is correct, inflating the cuff to above 200mmHg, slowly deflating after the mercury column is stable, each pressure sensor real-time collection of raw pressure values, according to the method of step S12 to obtain the raw pressure values are corrected, to obtain the corrected real-time overall pressure values;

[0148] S33, judging whether the corrected real-time overall pressure values are located between the overall pressure values corresponding to two adjacent blood pressure values pre-stored in the host unit, if yes, calculating the real-time blood pressure value B P ;

[0149] ,

[0150] Wherein, B P is the real-time measured blood pressure value, m is the blood pressure value interval value, m=0, 1, ……8, P is the corrected real-time overall pressure value, P adj（20*m） is the corrected overall pressure value corresponding to the m blood pressure value interval, P adj(20*(m+1)） is the corrected overall pressure value corresponding to the m+1 blood pressure value interval;

[0151] If not, further judgment, if the measured real-time overall pressure value is greater than the overall pressure value corresponding to the highest blood pressure value pre-stored in the host unit, return to step S32 to continue slowly deflating the cuff, until the obtained real-time overall pressure is located between the overall pressure values corresponding to two adjacent blood pressure values pre-stored in the host unit, if the measured real-time overall pressure value is less than the overall pressure value corresponding to the lowest blood pressure value pre-stored in the host unit, return to step S32;

[0152] Enter step S34, judging whether the blood pressure value B P calculated by step S33 is located between the diastolic pressure and systolic pressure issued to the analog arm by the host computer, if yes, continue to slowly deflate the cuff, the host unit controls the speaker to issue the corresponding Korotkoff sound according to the different blood pressure segments divided by the diastolic pressure and systolic pressure, and completes the measurement of the simulated blood pressure according to the appearance and disappearance of the Korotkoff sound;

[0153] If not, continue to slowly deflate until the blood pressure value B P calculated by step S33 is located between the diastolic pressure and systolic pressure issued to the analog arm by the host computer.

[0154] A simulated blood pressure measurement device, as shown in Figure 7 for implementing any of the above-mentioned simulated blood pressure measurement methods, the simulated blood pressure measurement device comprises an analog arm, a mercury sphygmomanometer and a host computer. As Figure 8As shown, wherein the simulation arm includes a simulation arm body 1, and a first light-sensitive detection element and a second light-sensitive detection element arranged on the simulation arm body, the first light-sensitive detection element 13 is arranged at 3cm above the elbow of the simulation arm body, and the second light-sensitive detection element 14 is arranged at 24cm above the elbow of the simulation arm body, for limiting the wearing position of the cuff, and judging whether the wearing position of the cuff is correct. And a plurality of pressure sensors 2 arranged around the simulation arm body, specifically, the pressure sensor is arranged in a way that it surrounds the simulation arm body once between the two light-sensitive detection elements, the pressure sensor is used to collect the original pressure value of the simulation arm during the inflation and / or deflation process of the mercury sphygmomanometer cuff in the range of 0-180mmHg blood pressure, and transmit it to the host control unit.

[0155] Further, the pressure sensor can be 4, 6 or 8, such as Figure 9 As shown, the pressure sensor 2 is arranged in the groove 12 on the simulation arm body, and is fixed on the simulation arm body 1 by screws, and the elastic pressing part 11 is fixed on the pressure sensor 2 by screws, and this fixing method ensures that the pressure sensor is uniformly stressed.

[0156] And a host control unit, the host control unit includes a storage unit, a judgment unit and a control unit, wherein the storage unit pre-stores an algorithm formula for correcting the original pressure value collected by each pressure sensor, and an algorithm formula for calculating the real-time blood pressure value by correcting the overall pressure value during simulation blood pressure measurement, and data of the corresponding relationship between each blood pressure value and the overall pressure value;

[0157] The judgment unit is used to judge whether the corrected overall pressure value obtained at a certain blood pressure value is consistent with the overall pressure value corresponding to a certain blood pressure value in the blood pressure value-overall pressure value corresponding relationship data pre-stored in the storage unit when calibrating the to-be-tested mercury sphygmomanometer; and the judgment unit is also used to judge whether the corrected real-time overall pressure value is located between the overall pressure values corresponding to two adjacent blood pressure values in the blood pressure value-overall pressure value corresponding relationship data pre-stored in the storage unit during simulation blood pressure measurement;

[0158] The control unit is used to control the loudspeaker to emit different Korotkoff sounds between diastolic pressure and systolic pressure during real-time measurement of simulation blood pressure.

[0159] In some embodiments, an arterial simulation tube (not shown in the figure) and an air pump 15 are further included, the arterial simulation tube and the air pump are connected by pipelines, the air pump is electrically connected with the control unit, and when the blood pressure is measured, the control unit controls the air pump to intermittently inflate the arterial simulation tube, so as to simulate the pulse beat during the blood pressure measurement.

Claims

1. A method of simulating a blood pressure measurement based on a mercury sphygmomanometer, characterized in that, The specific implementation steps are as follows: S1, establish the corresponding relationship between the blood pressure value and the overall pressure value, and prestore it to the main control unit, the specific steps are as follows: S11, divide the blood pressure value into multiple segments at equal intervals, and obtain the original pressure values collected by each pressure sensor corresponding to each segment of the blood pressure value; S12, correct the original pressure values collected by each pressure sensor obtained for each segment of the blood pressure value to obtain the overall pressure value corresponding to the segment of the blood pressure value; S13, according to the corresponding relationship between each segment of the blood pressure value and the overall pressure value obtained in step S12, prestore it to the main control unit; S2, according to the corresponding relationship between the blood pressure value and the overall pressure value determined in step S1, calibrate the mercury sphygmomanometer to be used; S3, use the calibrated mercury sphygmomanometer to measure the simulated blood pressure, the specific steps are as follows: S31, determine whether the mercury sphygmomanometer cuff placement position is correct, if correct, enter step S32, if incorrect, adjust the cuff position correctly and enter step S32; S32, after determining that the cuff position is correct, inflate the cuff to above 200mmHg, slowly deflate after the mercury column is stable, each pressure sensor collects pressure values in real time, and the original pressure values collected by each pressure sensor are corrected according to step S12 to obtain the corrected real-time overall pressure value; S33, judging whether the corrected real-time overall pressure value is between the overall pressure values corresponding to the two adjacent blood pressure values pre-stored in the main control unit, if yes, calculating the real-time blood pressure value by the following formula ; ， Wherein, B P is the measured real-time blood pressure value, m is the blood pressure value interval value, m = 0, 1……8, P is the corrected real-time overall pressure value, P adj（20*m） is the corrected overall pressure value corresponding to the mth blood pressure value interval, P adj(20*(m+1)） is the corrected overall pressure value corresponding to the m+1th blood pressure value interval; If not, make further judgment, if the measured real-time overall pressure value is greater than the overall pressure value corresponding to the highest blood pressure value pre-stored in the main control unit, return to step S32 to continue slowly deflating the cuff until the obtained real-time overall pressure is located between the overall pressure values corresponding to two adjacent blood pressure values pre-stored in the main control unit; S34, judging the real-time blood pressure value calculated by step S33 Whether located in the host computer issued to the diastolic and systolic pressure between the analog arm, if, continue to slowly deflate the cuff, the host computer according to the diastolic and systolic pressure between the different blood pressure segment of equal interval division, control speaker to emit corresponding to its Korotkoff sound, according to the appearance and disappearance of Korotkoff sound complete analog blood pressure measurement; If not, continue to slowly deflate until the blood pressure value calculated from step S33 Located between the diastolic and systolic pressures issued by the host computer to the analog arm.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The specific steps of step S12 are as follows: S121, obtain the original pressure values of each pressure sensor, sort the obtained original pressure values in ascending order to obtain the large side pressure value and the small side pressure value, and obtain the pressure difference value from the large side pressure value and the small side pressure value; S122, obtain the compensation value for the small side pressure value according to the pressure difference value; S123, determine the effective proportion of the original pressure values collected by each pressure sensor in the original overall pressure value; S124, according to the compensated value of the small side pressure value obtained in steps S121-S123 and the effective proportion of the original pressure values collected by each pressure sensor in the original overall pressure value, calculate the corrected overall pressure value according to the following formula: ， Wherein, P adj is the corrected overall pressure value corresponding to the blood pressure value, P b is the compensation value for the small side pressure value, is the average value of the original pressure values collected by each pressure sensor, W i is the weight of the original pressure values collected by each pressure sensor in the original overall pressure value, P i is the original pressure value collected by each pressure sensor, and n is the number of sensors.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the mercury sphygmomanometer is a mercury sphygmomanometer with a mercury column, and the mercury column is a mercury column with a scale marked on the side of the mercury column. The specific steps of obtaining the compensation value for the small side pressure value in step S122 are as follows: S1221, obtain the pressure difference ratio of the small side according to the pressure difference value obtained in step S121, that is, determine the influence degree of the non-inflatable area, and determine the compensation value for the small side according to the pressure difference value and the pressure difference ratio, the calculation formula is: ， wherein P b is a compensation value for the small side, P d is a pressure difference value for the large side and the small side, r d is a pressure difference value ratio.

4. The method of claim 2, wherein the mercury sphygmomanometer is a mercury sphygmomanometer. The steps of step S123 to determine the effective proportion of the original pressure values collected by each pressure sensor in the original overall pressure value are as follows: S1231, the absolute deviation of the raw pressure value collected by each pressure sensor is calculated according to the raw pressure value collected by each pressure sensor, and the calculation formula is as follows: ， wherein d i is the absolute deviation of the raw pressure values collected by each pressure sensor, is the average value of the raw pressure values collected by each pressure sensor, P i is the raw pressure value collected by each pressure sensor; S1232, after obtaining the absolute deviation of the raw pressure value collected by each pressure sensor, the deviation degree of the raw pressure value collected by each pressure sensor in the raw overall pressure value can be obtained according to the following formula: ， r i is the proportion of the absolute deviation of each pressure value in the overall deviation, which reflects the deviation degree of each collected original pressure value, d i is the absolute deviation of the original pressure value collected by each pressure sensor, d sum is the sum of the absolute deviations of the original pressure values collected by each pressure sensor; S1233、In step S1232, after obtaining the deviation degree of the raw pressure values collected by each pressure sensor, the effective proportion of the raw pressure values collected by each pressure sensor in the raw overall pressure value is obtained as w i The calculation formula is as follows: ， wherein w i is the effective proportion of the original pressure values collected by each pressure sensor in the original overall pressure value.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the mercury-based sphygmomanometer is a mercury-based aneroid sphygmomanometer. Step 2 includes the following steps: S21, judge whether the position of the mercury sphygmomanometer cuff is correct, if correct, enter step S22, if not, adjust the position of the cuff and enter step S22; S22, inflate the cuff to above 200mmHg, wait for the mercury column to stabilize, then slowly deflate to each segmented point blood pressure value, judge whether the overall pressure value obtained by correcting the raw pressure value collected by each pressure sensor at this blood pressure value is consistent with the overall pressure value corresponding to the blood pressure value in the corresponding relationship between the blood pressure value and the overall pressure value pre-stored in the master control unit at this blood pressure value, if consistent, complete the calibration of the mercury sphygmomanometer, if not, adjust the position and tightness of the cuff and measure again until consistent.

6. An analog blood pressure measuring device for implementing the analog blood pressure measuring method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The simulation arm includes a simulation arm body, a first photosensitive detection element and a second photosensitive detection element arranged on the simulation arm body, which are used to detect whether the position of the mercury sphygmomanometer cuff is correct; A plurality of pressure sensors arranged around the simulation arm body, the pressure sensors are used to collect the raw pressure value of the simulation arm in the process of inflating and / or deflating the mercury sphygmomanometer cuff in the blood pressure range of 0-180mmHg, and transmit the raw pressure value to the master control unit; And a master control unit arranged in the simulation arm body, the master control unit includes a storage unit, The storage unit pre-stores the correction algorithm for correcting the raw pressure value collected by the pressure sensor to obtain the corrected overall pressure value, and the data of the corresponding relationship between each segmented blood pressure value and the overall pressure value; A judgment unit, the judgment unit is used to judge whether the overall pressure value obtained during calibration of the mercury sphygmomanometer is consistent with the overall pressure value corresponding to a certain blood pressure value in the corresponding relationship data between the blood pressure value and the overall pressure value pre-stored in the storage unit, and to judge whether the real-time overall pressure value obtained during simulation blood pressure measurement is located between the overall pressure values corresponding to two adjacent blood pressure values in the corresponding relationship data between the blood pressure value and the overall pressure value pre-stored in the storage unit; A control unit, the control unit is used to control the loudspeaker to emit different Korotkoff sounds in the range of diastolic pressure and systolic pressure during real-time measurement of simulation blood pressure; And the mercury sphygmomanometer is used to apply pressure to the pressure sensor on the simulation arm to achieve the corresponding blood pressure value.

7. An analog blood pressure measuring device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first photosensitive detection element is arranged 3cm above the elbow pit of the simulation arm body, and the second photosensitive detection element is arranged 24cm above the elbow pit of the simulation arm body.

8. An analog blood pressure measuring device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The pressure sensor is arranged in any number of 4, 6 or 8, and is arranged between two light-sensitive detection elements in a manner of surrounding the analog arm body.

9. An analog blood pressure measuring device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The pressure sensor is arranged in a groove on the analog arm body, and is fixed on the analog arm body by a screw, and an elastic pressing member connected by screw threads is arranged outside the pressure sensor.

10. The analog blood pressure measurement device of claim 6, wherein, An arterial blood vessel and a gas pump are further included, the arterial blood vessel is connected with the gas pump in a management mode, and the gas pump is electrically connected with the control unit.

Images