Hydrogen fuel cell hydrogen circulation integrated system and control method

Abstract

The invention relates to a hydrogen fuel cell hydrogen circulation integrated system and a control method. The device comprises a hydrogen circulating pump head, a backflow inlet connector of the hydrogen circulation module is used for introducing backflow hydrogen of the galvanic pile anode and is communicated with a hydrogen circulation gas inlet; the hydrogen circulating gas inlet and the hydrogen circulating gas outlet are respectively connected with the input end and the output end of the hydrogen circulating pump head; the inlet end and the outlet end of the hydrogen one-way valve part are correspondingly connected with the hydrogen circulating gas inlet and the hydrogen circulating gas outlet respectively; the hydrogen circulation gas outlet, the ejector backflow gas inlet, the ejector mixing section, the ejector diffusion section and the backflow outlet connector are sequentially communicated. And the new hydrogen supply module comprises a hydrogen nozzle extending into the mixing section of the ejector, and the hydrogen nozzle is used for spraying high-pressure hydrogen into the mixing section of the ejector. Installation can be simplified, the space utilization rate can be increased, energy loss of hydrogen in the pipeline is reduced, and the efficiency of the hydrogen supply system is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of Roots type hydrogen circulation pump, ejector and hydrogen one-way valve in hydrogen fuel cell, and particularly relates to a hydrogen circulation integrated system and control method for hydrogen fuel cell. BACKGROUND

[0002] The hydrogen fuel cell system mainly consists of hydrogen supply system, air supply system, water thermal management, electric control and electric pile modules. The main function of the hydrogen supply system is to reflow the unreacted wet hydrogen gas at the anode outlet of the electric pile to the anode inlet of the electric pile through hydrogen circulation pump, ejector, hydrogen one-way valve, hydrogen proportional valve, hydrogen isolation valve and other components to improve the hydrogen utilization efficiency.

[0003] The hydrogen circulation pump is divided into vortex type, Roots type and claw type from the structure. The Roots type hydrogen circulation pump is a rotary positive displacement compressor, which mainly realizes the pressurization and delivery of gas through a pair of opposite rotating compression rotors in a closed cavity. It has the advantages of high pumping speed, fast start, simple structure and is widely used in chemical, electronic, metallurgical, pharmaceutical, food processing and other fields.

[0004] However, in the existing hydrogen supply system, each component is relatively independent, the integration degree is low, the pipeline connection is required for each component, the installation is more complex, and the energy loss of hydrogen in the loop is increased, and the hydrogen utilization efficiency is reduced.

[0005] Therefore, it is urgent to simplify the pipeline arrangement of the hydrogen supply system to realize efficient hydrogen circulation supply. SUMMARY

[0006] Therefore, the present application provides a hydrogen circulation integrated system and control method for hydrogen fuel cell, which integrates the Roots type hydrogen circulation pump, the ejector and the hydrogen one-way valve, optimizes the arrangement of the hydrogen supply system of the fuel cell, reduces the pipeline connection between each component, simplifies the installation, improves the space utilization, reduces the energy loss of hydrogen in the pipeline, and improves the efficiency of the hydrogen supply system.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a hydrogen circulation integrated system for hydrogen fuel cell, comprising: hydrogen circulation pump head; hydrogen circulation module, comprising a backflow inlet joint, a backflow outlet joint, a hydrogen one-way valve component, an ejector mixing section, an ejector diffusion section, a hydrogen circulation gas inlet, a hydrogen circulation gas outlet and an ejector backflow gas inlet; The backflow inlet joint is used to introduce the backflow hydrogen gas of the anode of the electric pile and communicate with the hydrogen circulation gas inlet. The hydrogen circulation gas inlet and the hydrogen circulation gas outlet are connected with the input end and the output end of the hydrogen circulation pump head, respectively. The inlet end and the outlet end of the hydrogen one-way valve component correspond to the hydrogen circulation inlet and the hydrogen circulation outlet, respectively; The hydrogen circulation outlet, the ejector backflow inlet, the ejector mixing section, the ejector diffusion section and the backflow outlet joint are sequentially communicated; The new hydrogen supply module includes a hydrogen nozzle extending into the ejector mixing section, and the hydrogen nozzle is used for injecting high-pressure hydrogen into the ejector mixing section; Wherein, the backflow hydrogen is pressurized by the hydrogen circulation pump head, flows out from the hydrogen circulation outlet, enters the ejector backflow inlet, and is injected by the high-pressure hydrogen of the hydrogen nozzle, sequentially passes through the ejector mixing section and the ejector diffusion section, and finally returns to the anode inlet of the stack from the backflow outlet joint. The pressure difference between the hydrogen circulation inlet and the hydrogen circulation outlet can make the hydrogen one-way valve component close.

[0008] In an embodiment of the present application, the new hydrogen supply module further includes a new hydrogen supply module shell, and a new hydrogen inlet joint, a hydrogen isolation valve, a hydrogen proportional valve and a hydrogen nozzle are sequentially arranged on the new hydrogen supply module shell; a new hydrogen flow channel is arranged between the hydrogen isolation valve and the hydrogen proportional valve; The high-pressure hydrogen of the hydrogen cylinder can enter the inside of the hydrogen isolation valve through the new hydrogen inlet joint, be introduced into the new hydrogen flow channel through electrical control, be introduced into the hydrogen nozzle through the adjustment of the hydrogen proportional valve, and be injected into the hydrogen circulation module for backflow hydrogen injection.

[0009] In an embodiment of the present application, the hydrogen circulation pump head is arranged on the back side of the hydrogen circulation module, the new hydrogen supply module shell is arranged on the right side of the hydrogen circulation module, the hydrogen isolation valve and the hydrogen proportional valve are respectively arranged on the back side of the new hydrogen supply module shell and the respective interfaces thereof face the back side of the new hydrogen supply module shell, and the backflow inlet joint and the backflow outlet joint are respectively arranged on the left side of the hydrogen circulation module. The back side of the hydrogen circulation pump head is respectively provided with a motor three-phase line socket and a temperature sensor socket.

[0010] In an embodiment of the present application, the hydrogen circulation pump head includes a driving compression rotor shaft, a transmission compression rotor shaft, an inlet low-pressure cavity and an outlet high-pressure cavity; Wherein, one end of the driving compression rotor shaft and one end of the transmission compression rotor shaft are respectively connected with a pair of compression rotors matched with each other; the inlet low-pressure cavity and the outlet high-pressure cavity are respectively located on the two sides of the pair of compression rotors; and the backflow hydrogen of the stack can be rotationally pressurized from the inlet low-pressure cavity to the outlet high-pressure cavity by the pair of compression rotors rotating in opposite directions.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present application, the hydrogen circulation pump head further comprises a compression cavity, a motor cavity, and a gear cavity, the motor cavity being located between the compression cavity and the gear cavity, the compression cavity being used for accommodating the compression rotor; A driving motor is installed in the motor cavity, the output end of the driving motor being connected with the driving compression rotor shaft, and the other ends of the driving compression rotor shaft and the transmission compression rotor shaft being respectively provided with gears located in the gear cavity and engaged with each other.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present application, a hydrogen seal is sleeved on the driving compression rotor shaft and the transmission compression rotor shaft between the compression cavity and the motor cavity, so as to prevent hydrogen in the compression cavity from leaking into the motor cavity; a gear oil seal is sleeved on the driving compression rotor shaft and the transmission compression rotor shaft between the motor cavity and the gear cavity, so as to prevent gear oil from leaking into the motor cavity, and the motor cavity is led out of motor three-phase lines and temperature sensor lines.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present application, the compression rotor has a plurality of involute profile segments, and the overall compression rotor presents a continuous and smooth curve profile, the gap between the outer profile of the compression rotor and the wall surface of the compression cavity being 0.15 mm±0.01 mm, and the gap between the compression rotor and the bottom surface of the compression cavity being 0.1 mm±0.02 mm.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present application, the hydrogen one-way valve component comprises a hydrogen one-way valve seat, a hydrogen one-way valve shell, a hydrogen one-way valve core, a hydrogen seal gasket, and a spring. The hydrogen one-way valve seat and the hydrogen one-way valve shell are fastened by threads, one end of the hydrogen one-way valve core close to the hydrogen one-way valve seat is provided with a hydrogen seal gasket, and the two ends of the spring are respectively abutted against the pressure regulating gasket and the hydrogen one-way valve core, so as to tightly adhere the hydrogen one-way valve core and the hydrogen seal gasket to the hydrogen one-way valve seat, and the pressure regulating gasket is used for adjusting the elastic force of the spring.

[0015] In one embodiment of the present application, the end of the hydrogen circulation outlet port is radially extended with an outlet flow channel, so as to reduce the gas noise generated when the compression rotor pressurizes the backflow hydrogen, and simultaneously store the liquid water in the compression cavity.

[0016] The present application further provides a control method of the hydrogen circulation integrated system of the hydrogen fuel cell, and the control method of the hydrogen circulation integrated system of the hydrogen fuel cell is used, and the method comprises the following steps: The backflow hydrogen from the anode of the fuel cell stack is introduced through the backflow inlet joint and enters the hydrogen circulation pump head through the hydrogen circulation inlet via the backflow inlet joint; The operating state of the hydrogen circulation pump head is controlled so that the backflow hydrogen flows out through the hydrogen circulation outlet under the pressure boosting effect of the pump head; The backflow hydrogen after being boosted in pressure sequentially passes through the hydrogen circulation outlet and the ejector backflow inlet and enters the mixing section of the ejector; In the mixing section of the ejector, high-pressure hydrogen is injected into the mixing section of the ejector through the hydrogen nozzle of the new hydrogen supply module, and the injection pressure and flow rate of the nozzle are controlled to realize the injection and mixing of the high-pressure new hydrogen with the backflow hydrogen; The mixed hydrogen after being injected with the high-pressure new hydrogen sequentially flows through the mixing section of the ejector and the diffusion section of the ejector and finally flows back to the anode inlet of the fuel cell stack through the backflow outlet joint, realizing the recycling of hydrogen; at the same time, the pressure difference between the hydrogen circulation inlet and the hydrogen circulation outlet causes the hydrogen one-way valve component to close, preventing the backflow of the boosted hydrogen to the hydrogen circulation inlet; When the hydrogen circulation pump head is not working, the backflow hydrogen directly passes through the hydrogen one-way valve component to the ejector backflow inlet.

[0017] The above technical solution of the present application has the following advantages compared with the prior art: The hydrogen fuel cell hydrogen circulation integrated system and control method have the following advantages: the Roots-type hydrogen circulation pump, the ejector, the hydrogen one-way valve, the hydrogen isolation valve and the hydrogen proportional valve are integrated into one, compared with the structure in which each component is independently dispersed and relies on a complex pipeline connection in the traditional fuel cell hydrogen supply system, the pipeline layout of the system is greatly simplified, the connection points and the leakage risk are reduced, and the overall reliability and safety of the system are improved.

[0018] The present application integrates the Roots-type hydrogen circulation pump and the ejector in series, so that the hydrogen circulation pump can not work in the low working condition of the system, thereby optimizing the working condition of the hydrogen pump and prolonging the service life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to make the content of the present application more easily understood, the present application will be further described in detail below according to specific embodiments of the present application and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0020] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a hydrogen fuel cell hydrogen circulation integrated system of the present application.

[0021] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a hydrogen fuel cell hydrogen circulation integrated system of the present application.

[0022] Figure 3A rear view of a hydrogen fuel cell hydrogen circulation integrated system of the present application.

[0023] Figure 4 A hydrogen circulation pump head structure schematic diagram of a hydrogen fuel cell hydrogen circulation integrated system of the present application.

[0024] Figure 5 A hydrogen circulation pump head sectional view of a hydrogen fuel cell hydrogen circulation integrated system of the present application.

[0025] Figure 6 A hydrogen circulation module sectional view of a hydrogen fuel cell hydrogen circulation integrated system of the present application.

[0026] Figure 7 A hydrogen one-way valve component sectional view of a fuel cell hydrogen integrated supply system based on a Roots-type hydrogen circulation pump of the present application.

[0027] Figure 8 A hydrogen circulation module and new hydrogen supply module schematic diagram of a fuel cell hydrogen integrated supply system based on a Roots-type hydrogen circulation pump of the present application.

[0028] Figure 9 A new hydrogen supply module sectional view of a fuel cell hydrogen integrated supply system based on a Roots-type hydrogen circulation pump of the present application.

[0029] Description of the Drawings: 1. Hydrogen circulation pump head; 11. Main compression rotor shaft; 12. Transmission compression rotor shaft; 12a. Compression rotor; 13. Inlet low-pressure cavity; 14. Outlet high-pressure cavity; 15. Compression cavity body; 16. Motor cavity; 17. Gear cavity; 18. Hydrogen seal; 19. Gear oil seal; 2. Hydrogen circulation module; 21. Return inlet connector; 22. Return outlet connector; 23. Hydrogen one-way valve component; 231. Hydrogen one-way valve seat; 232. Hydrogen one-way valve housing; 233. Hydrogen one-way valve core; 234. Hydrogen seal gasket; 235. Spring; 236. Pressure regulating gasket; 24. Ejector mixing section; 25. Ejector diffusion section; 26. Hydrogen circulation inlet; 27. Hydrogen circulation outlet; 28. Ejector return inlet; 3. New hydrogen supply module; 31. New hydrogen inlet connector; 32. Hydrogen isolation valve; 33. Hydrogen proportional valve; 34. New hydrogen supply module housing; 35. Hydrogen nozzle; 36. New hydrogen flow channel; 4. Motor three-phase line socket; 5. Temperature sensor socket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present application will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments so that those skilled in the art can better understand and implement the present application, but the embodiments are not intended to limit the present application.

[0031] In the present application, if the directions (up, down, left, right, front and back) are described, it is only for the convenience of describing the technical solutions of the present application, and is not intended to indicate or imply that the indicated technical features must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0032] In the present application, the meaning of "several" is one or more, and the meaning of "multiple" is two or more. "Greater than", "less than", "exceeding" and the like are understood as not including the number; "above", "below", "within" and the like are understood as including the number. In the description of the present application, if "first" and "second" are described, it is only for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features or the sequence of indicated technical features.

[0033] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly limited, the words "set", "install", "connect" and the like should be broadly understood, for example, they can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; can be fixedly connected, or can be detachably connected, or can be integrally formed; can be mechanically connected, or can be electrically connected or capable of communicating with each other; can be the communication or interaction relationship between two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. The skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above words in the present application in combination with the specific content of the technical solutions.

[0034] Referring to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 6 The hydrogen fuel cell hydrogen circulation integrated system of the present application comprises: a hydrogen circulation pump head 1; a hydrogen circulation module 2, comprising a backflow inlet joint 21, a backflow outlet joint 22, a hydrogen one-way valve component 23, an ejector mixing section 24, an ejector diffusion section 25, a hydrogen circulation gas inlet 26, a hydrogen circulation gas outlet 27, and an ejector backflow gas inlet 28; The backflow inlet joint 21 is used to introduce backflow hydrogen from the anode of the stack and is in communication with the hydrogen circulation gas inlet 26. The hydrogen circulation gas inlet 26 and the hydrogen circulation gas outlet 27 are respectively connected to the input end and the output end of the hydrogen circulation pump head 1. The inlet end and the outlet end of the hydrogen one-way valve component 23 are respectively connected to the hydrogen circulation gas inlet 26 and the hydrogen circulation gas outlet 27. The hydrogen circulation outlet 27, the ejector backflow inlet 28, the ejector mixing section 24, the ejector diffusion section 25 and the backflow outlet joint 22 are sequentially communicated; The new hydrogen supply module 3 comprises a hydrogen nozzle 35 extending into the ejector mixing section 24, which is used for injecting high-pressure hydrogen into the ejector mixing section 24; The backflow hydrogen is pressurized by the hydrogen circulation pump head 1, flows out from the hydrogen circulation outlet 27, enters the ejector backflow inlet 28, is injected by the high-pressure hydrogen of the hydrogen nozzle 35, sequentially passes through the ejector mixing section 24 and the ejector diffusion section 25, and finally returns to the anode inlet of the stack from the backflow outlet joint 22. The differential pressure between the hydrogen circulation inlet 26 and the hydrogen circulation outlet 27 can make the hydrogen one-way valve component 23 close.

[0035] It should be noted that the hydrogen fuel cell system mainly comprises a hydrogen supply system, an air supply system, a water thermal management, an electric control and a stack. The main function of the hydrogen supply system is to recycle the unreacted wet hydrogen at the anode outlet of the stack to the anode inlet of the stack through the hydrogen circulation pump, the ejector, the hydrogen one-way valve, the hydrogen proportional valve 33, the hydrogen isolation valve 32 and other components, so as to improve the hydrogen utilization efficiency. However, in the existing hydrogen supply system, the components need to be connected by pipelines, which is complex to install and causes additional energy loss, thereby reducing the hydrogen supply efficiency. The present application integrates the Roots-type hydrogen circulation pump, the ejector, the hydrogen one-way valve, the hydrogen proportional valve 33 and the hydrogen isolation valve 32 into one, which greatly simplifies the pipeline arrangement of the hydrogen supply system and realizes efficient hydrogen circulation supply.

[0036] In addition, the integrated system connects the (Roots-type) hydrogen circulation pump head 1 and the ejector in series. The advantage of series connection is that when the stack system is in low working condition, the ejecting capacity of the ejector is difficult to meet the hydrogen flow and pressure rise demand of the stack, the hydrogen circulation pump can pressurize the gas backflowed from the anode of the stack to the ejector, thereby improving the ejecting efficiency and avoiding damage to the stack due to insufficient gas supply. When the stack system is in high working condition, the ejector capacity can meet the demand of the stack, the role of the hydrogen circulation pump is reduced, and the hydrogen circulation pump can be operated at low speed or stopped. However, when the (Roots-type) hydrogen circulation pump head 1 stops operating, its inlet and outlet are not communicated. If the series connection with the ejector is required, the hydrogen circulation pump head 1 needs to work all the time, which shortens its service life. Therefore, the present application connects the hydrogen one-way valve component 23 and the hydrogen circulation pump head 1 in parallel, so that when the hydrogen circulation pump head 1 does not work, the backflow hydrogen can be normally transmitted to the ejector through the hydrogen one-way valve component 23.

[0037] In one embodiment, reference is made to Figure 9As shown, the new hydrogen supply module 3 further comprises a new hydrogen supply module housing 34, which is provided with a new hydrogen inlet joint 31, a hydrogen isolation valve 32, a hydrogen proportional valve 33 and a hydrogen nozzle 35 connected in sequence; a new hydrogen flow channel 36 is arranged between the hydrogen isolation valve 32 and the hydrogen proportional valve 33; high-pressure hydrogen in the hydrogen cylinder can enter the inside of the hydrogen isolation valve 32 through the new hydrogen inlet joint 31, high-pressure hydrogen is introduced into the new hydrogen flow channel 36 through electrical control, and high-pressure hydrogen can be introduced into the hydrogen nozzle 35 through adjustment of the hydrogen proportional valve 33 and then into the hydrogen circulation module 2 for injection of the backflow hydrogen.

[0038] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 1 、 Figure 3 As shown, the hydrogen circulation pump head 1 is arranged at the back side of the hydrogen circulation module 2, the new hydrogen supply module housing 34 is arranged at the right side of the hydrogen circulation module 2, the hydrogen isolation valve 32 and the hydrogen proportional valve 33 are respectively arranged at the back side of the new hydrogen supply module housing 34 and the respective interfaces are towards the back side of the new hydrogen supply module housing 34, and the backflow inlet joint 21 and the backflow outlet joint 22 are respectively arranged at the left side of the hydrogen circulation module 2. The back side of the hydrogen circulation pump head 1 is respectively provided with a motor three-phase line socket 4 and a temperature sensor socket 5.

[0039] Through the above arrangement, the hydrogen isolation valve 32 and the hydrogen proportional valve 33 are installed on the same side of the hydrogen circulation pump head 1, which optimizes the space ratio and facilitates wiring installation. Specifically, the hydrogen circulation pump head 1 is connected with an external controller through the motor three-phase line socket 4 and the temperature sensor socket 5 at the rear end, so that it can better adapt to different manufacturers' stack systems. At the same time, the damage of the heat generated by the motor to the internal components of the controller can be avoided, and the overall durability is improved. The hydrogen isolation valve 32 and the hydrogen proportional valve 33 are installed in the new hydrogen supply module housing 34, and the interfaces are located at the rear end and on the same side as the motor three-phase line socket 4 and the temperature sensor socket 5, which facilitates the connection of the electrical circuit.

[0040] In addition, by integrating the hydrogen one-way valve component 23, the ejector mixing section 24 and the ejector diffusion section 25 of the ejector in the hydrogen circulation module 2, and by integrating the backflow inlet joint 21 and the backflow outlet joint 22 on the same side and in the same direction, the pipeline arrangement connected with the stack is facilitated. The new hydrogen supply module 3 integrates the new hydrogen inlet joint 31, the hydrogen isolation valve 32 and the hydrogen proportional valve 33, which can deliver high-pressure hydrogen in the hydrogen cylinder to the ejector in the hydrogen circulation module 2 and then to the stack anode inlet, realizing hydrogen circulation supply.

[0041] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 4As shown, the hydrogen circulation pump head 1 comprises a driving compression rotor shaft 11, a transmission compression rotor shaft 12, an air inlet low-pressure cavity 13 and an air outlet high-pressure cavity 14; Wherein, one end of each of the driving compression rotor shaft 11 and the transmission compression rotor shaft 12 is connected with a pair of compression rotors 12a that match with each other; the air inlet low-pressure cavity 13 and the air outlet high-pressure cavity 14 are respectively located at two sides of the pair of compression rotors 12a; through the pair of compression rotors 12a that rotate in opposite directions, the backflow hydrogen gas of the stack can be rotated and pressurized from the air inlet low-pressure cavity 13 to the air outlet high-pressure cavity 14.

[0042] Referring to Figure 5 As shown, the hydrogen circulation pump head 1 further comprises a compression cavity 15, a motor cavity 16 and a gear cavity 17, the motor cavity 16 is located between the compression cavity 15 and the gear cavity 17, the compression cavity 15 is used for accommodating the compression rotors 12a; a driving motor is installed in the motor cavity 16, an output end of the driving motor is connected with the driving compression rotor shaft 11, the other end of each of the driving compression rotor shaft 11 and the transmission compression rotor shaft 12 is respectively provided with a gear that is located in the gear cavity 17 and meshes with each other.

[0043] It should be noted that the driving motor drives the driving compression rotor shaft 11 to rotate counterclockwise, the transmission compression rotor shaft 12 is made to rotate clockwise through the gears that mesh with each other, the backflow hydrogen gas is transported and pressurized, and through the pair of compression rotors 12a that rotate in opposite directions, the backflow hydrogen gas of the stack is rotated and pressurized from the air inlet low-pressure cavity 13 to the air outlet high-pressure cavity 14.

[0044] Continuing to refer to Figure 5 As shown, a hydrogen seal 18 that is sleeved on the driving compression rotor shaft 11 and the transmission compression rotor shaft 12 is arranged between the compression cavity 15 and the motor cavity 16, so as to prevent the hydrogen in the compression cavity 15 from leaking into the motor cavity 16; a gear oil seal 19 that is sleeved on the driving compression rotor shaft 11 and the transmission compression rotor shaft 12 is arranged between the motor cavity 16 and the gear cavity 17, so as to prevent the gear oil from leaking into the motor cavity 16, the motor cavity 16 leads out motor three-phase lines and temperature sensor lines, and is connected with a motor three-phase line socket 4 and a temperature sensor socket 5 on the back side of the hydrogen circulation pump head 1 in a corresponding manner.

[0045] Further, the hydrogen seal 18 is lubricated and rubbed with grease between the driving compression rotor shaft 11 and the transmission compression rotor shaft 12, and has good wear resistance. The gear oil seal 19 is lubricated and rubbed with gear oil between the driving compression rotor shaft 11 and the transmission compression rotor shaft 12, and has good wear resistance. The motor three-phase lines and the temperature sensor lines led out from the motor cavity 16 are connected with corresponding connectors.

[0046] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 4 As shown, the compression rotor 12a has a plurality of involute profile segments, and presents a continuous smooth curve profile as a whole. The outer profile of the compression rotor 12a leaves a gap of 0.15 mm ± 0.01 mm with the wall surface of the compression cavity 15, and a gap of 0.1 mm ± 0.02 mm with the bottom surface of the compression cavity 15. The above arrangement can effectively reduce the gas leakage during the operation of the rotor, and improve the efficiency of the hydrogen circulation.

[0047] Further, referring to Figure 6 As shown, the hydrogen nozzle 35 extends into the ejector mixing section 24 of the hydrogen circulation module 2, forming a complete ejector structure. The backflow hydrogen from the anode of the fuel cell enters from the backflow inlet joint 21. When the hydrogen circulation pump head 1 is working, the backflow hydrogen enters the hydrogen circulation pump head 1 from the hydrogen circulation inlet 26, is pressurized to the hydrogen circulation outlet 27, and is then introduced into the mixing section and the diffusion section by the high-pressure hydrogen of the hydrogen nozzle 35 through the ejector backflow inlet 28, and finally returns to the anode inlet of the fuel cell from the backflow outlet joint 22. At this time, due to the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet, the hydrogen one-way valve component 23 can be closed to prevent the pressurized gas from flowing back to the inlet. When the hydrogen circulation pump head 1 is not working, the backflow hydrogen directly reaches the ejector backflow inlet 28 through the hydrogen one-way valve component 23, and at this time, the pair of compression rotors 12a shafts in the hydrogen circulation pump head 1 form a relative sealing structure in the cavity, which can prevent the backflow of the gas.

[0048] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 7 As shown, the hydrogen one-way valve component 23 includes a hydrogen one-way valve seat 231, a hydrogen one-way valve housing 232, a hydrogen one-way valve core 233, a hydrogen sealing gasket 234, and a spring 235. The hydrogen one-way valve seat 231 is fastened with the hydrogen one-way valve housing 232 by threads. The hydrogen one-way valve core 233 is provided with the hydrogen sealing gasket 234 at one end close to the hydrogen one-way valve seat 231. The spring 235 is in contact with the pressure regulating gasket 236 and the hydrogen one-way valve core 233 at both ends, so as to tightly attach the hydrogen one-way valve core 233 and the hydrogen sealing gasket 234 to the hydrogen one-way valve seat 231. The pressure regulating gasket 236 is used to adjust the elastic force of the spring 235.

[0049] During installation, the hydrogen one-way valve seat 231 is fastened with the hydrogen one-way valve housing 232 by threads, so that the spring 235 tightly attaches the hydrogen one-way valve core 233 and the hydrogen sealing gasket 234 to the hydrogen one-way valve seat 231. The pressure regulating gasket 236 is used to adjust the force of the spring 235 at the rear part of the spring 235, so that the opening pressure of the one-way valve is kept at 0.1 kPa, and then the one-way valve is installed into the hydrogen circulation module 2.

[0050] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 8 The end of the hydrogen circulation outlet 27 extends radially with an outlet flow channel, which can effectively reduce the gas noise generated by the compression rotor 12a when pressurizing the backflow hydrogen, and has the function of storing liquid water in the compression cavity 15, alleviating the icing inside the cavity at low temperature, and being more conducive to low-temperature ice breaking.

[0051] In operation, the backflow hydrogen from the anode of the fuel cell stack is introduced through the backflow inlet joint 21, enters the hydrogen circulation pump head 1 through the hydrogen circulation inlet 26, and the operation state of the hydrogen circulation pump head 1 is controlled so that the backflow hydrogen flows out through the hydrogen circulation outlet 27 under the pressurization of the pump head; the pressurized backflow hydrogen enters the injector mixing section 24 through the hydrogen circulation outlet 27 and the injector backflow inlet 28 in sequence; in the injector mixing section 24, high-pressure hydrogen is injected into the injector mixing section 24 through the hydrogen nozzle 35 of the new hydrogen supply module 3, and the injection pressure and flow rate of the nozzle are controlled to realize the injection and mixing of the high-pressure new hydrogen with the backflow hydrogen; the mixed hydrogen after being injected by the high-pressure new hydrogen flows through the injector mixing section 24 and the injector diffusion section 25 in sequence, and finally flows back to the anode inlet of the fuel cell stack through the backflow outlet joint 22, realizing the recycling of hydrogen; at the same time, the pressure difference between the hydrogen circulation inlet 26 and the hydrogen circulation outlet 27 causes the hydrogen one-way valve component 23 to close, preventing the pressurized hydrogen from flowing back to the hydrogen circulation inlet 26; when the hydrogen circulation pump head 1 is not working, the backflow hydrogen directly reaches the injector backflow inlet 28 through the hydrogen one-way valve component 23.

[0052] Finally, it should be noted that the above specific embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application and are not limiting. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the examples, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present application can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, and all should be covered in the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A hydrogen fuel cell hydrogen circulation integrated system, characterized in that: include: Hydrogen circulation pump head (1); A hydrogen circulation module (2) includes a reflux inlet connector (21), a reflux outlet connector (22), a hydrogen one-way valve component (23), an ejector mixing section (24), an ejector diffusion section (25), a hydrogen circulation inlet (26), a hydrogen circulation outlet (27), and an ejector reflux inlet (28); The reflux inlet connector (21) is used to introduce reflux hydrogen from the anode of the stack and is connected to the hydrogen circulation inlet (26); The hydrogen circulation inlet (26) and the hydrogen circulation outlet (27) are respectively connected to the input end and the output end of the hydrogen circulation pump head (1); The inlet end and the outlet end of the hydrogen one-way valve component (23) are respectively connected to the hydrogen circulation inlet (26) and the hydrogen circulation outlet (27); The hydrogen circulation outlet (27), the ejector reflux inlet (28), the ejector mixing section (24), the ejector diffusion section (25) and the reflux outlet joint (22) are sequentially connected; A new hydrogen supply module (3) includes a hydrogen nozzle (35) extending into the ejector mixing section (24), wherein the hydrogen nozzle (35) is used to inject high-pressure hydrogen into the ejector mixing section (24); The reflux hydrogen is pressurized by the hydrogen circulation pump head (1), flows out from the hydrogen circulation outlet (27), enters the ejector reflux inlet (28), and is ejected by the high-pressure hydrogen of the hydrogen nozzle (35), then passes through the ejector mixing section (24), the ejector diffusion section (25), and finally returns to the anode inlet of the stack from the reflux outlet joint (22). The pressure difference between the hydrogen circulation inlet (26) and the hydrogen circulation outlet (27) can close the hydrogen one-way valve component (23).

2. A hydrogen fuel cell hydrogen circulation integrated system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The new hydrogen supply module (3) further comprises a new hydrogen supply module housing (34), on which a new hydrogen inlet connector (31), a hydrogen isolation valve (32), a hydrogen proportional valve (33) and a hydrogen nozzle (35) connected in sequence are provided; a new hydrogen flow channel (36) is provided between the hydrogen isolation valve (32) and the hydrogen proportional valve (33); The high-pressure hydrogen in the hydrogen bottle can enter the interior of the hydrogen isolation valve (32) through the new hydrogen inlet connector (31), and the high-pressure hydrogen is introduced into the new hydrogen flow channel (36) through electrical control. By adjusting the hydrogen proportional valve (33), the high-pressure hydrogen can be introduced into the hydrogen nozzle (35) and enter the hydrogen circulation module (2) for injection of reflux hydrogen.

3. A hydrogen fuel cell hydrogen circulation integrated system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hydrogen circulation pump head (1) is arranged on the back side of the hydrogen circulation module (2), the new hydrogen supply module shell (34) is arranged on the right side of the hydrogen circulation module (2), the hydrogen isolation valve (32) and the hydrogen proportional valve (33) are respectively arranged on the back side of the new hydrogen supply module shell (34) and their respective interfaces face the back side of the new hydrogen supply module shell (34), the reflux inlet joint (21) and the reflux outlet joint (22) are respectively arranged on the left side of the hydrogen circulation module (2), and a motor three-phase line socket (4) and a temperature sensor socket (5) are respectively arranged on the back side of the hydrogen circulation pump head (1).

4. A hydrogen fuel cell hydrogen circulation integrated system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen circulation pump head (1) comprises an active compression rotor shaft (11), a transmission compression rotor shaft (12), an inlet low-pressure chamber (13) and an outlet high-pressure chamber (14); Wherein, one end of each of the active compression rotor shaft (11) and the transmission compression rotor shaft (12) is connected to a pair of compression rotors (12a) that cooperate with each other; the air inlet low-pressure chamber (13) and the air outlet high-pressure chamber (14) are respectively located on both sides of the pair of compression rotors (12a); through the pair of compression rotors (12a) with opposite rotation directions, the reflux hydrogen of the fuel cell stack can be rotated and pressurized from the air inlet low-pressure chamber (13) to the air outlet high-pressure chamber (14).

5. A hydrogen fuel cell hydrogen circulation integrated system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The hydrogen circulation pump head (1) further comprises a compression cavity (15), a motor cavity (16), and a gear cavity (17), wherein the motor cavity (16) is located between the compression cavity (15) and the gear cavity (17), and the compression cavity (15) is used to accommodate the compression rotor (12a); A drive motor is installed in the motor cavity (16), and an output end of the drive motor is connected to the active compression rotor shaft (11). The other ends of the active compression rotor shaft (11) and the transmission compression rotor shaft (12) are respectively provided with gears located in the gear cavity (17) and meshing with each other.

6. A hydrogen fuel cell hydrogen circulation integrated system according to claim 5, characterized in that: A hydrogen seal (18) is provided between the compression chamber (15) and the motor chamber (16), and is sleeved on the active compression rotor shaft (11) and the transmission compression rotor shaft (12), so as to prevent hydrogen in the compression chamber (15) from leaking into the motor chamber (16); a gear oil seal (19) is provided between the motor chamber (16) and the gear chamber (17), and is sleeved on the active compression rotor shaft (11) and the transmission compression rotor shaft (12), so as to prevent gear oil from leaking into the motor chamber (16); and a motor three-phase line and a temperature sensor line are led out of the motor chamber (16).

7. A hydrogen fuel cell hydrogen circulation integrated system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The compression rotor (12a) has a plurality of involute profile segments, presenting a continuous and smooth curved profile as a whole. A gap of 0.15 mm ± 0.01 mm is left between the outer contour of the compression rotor (12a) and the wall surface of the compression cavity (15), and a gap of 0.1 mm ± 0.02 mm is left between the outer contour of the compression rotor (12a) and the bottom surface of the compression cavity (15).

8. The hydrogen fuel cell hydrogen circulation integrated system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen one-way valve component (23) includes a hydrogen one-way valve seat (231), a hydrogen one-way valve housing (232), a hydrogen one-way valve core (233), a hydrogen sealing gasket (234), and a spring (235); The hydrogen one-way valve seat (231) and the hydrogen one-way valve housing (232) are fastened by threads. A hydrogen sealing gasket (234) is provided at one end of the hydrogen one-way valve core (233) close to the hydrogen one-way valve seat (231). Both ends of the spring (235) respectively abut against the pressure regulating gasket (236) and the hydrogen one-way valve core (233) to make the hydrogen one-way valve core (233) and the hydrogen sealing gasket (234) closely adhere to the hydrogen one-way valve seat (231). The pressure regulating gasket (236) is used to adjust the elastic force of the spring (235).

9. The hydrogen fuel cell hydrogen circulation integrated system according to claim 5, characterized in that: An outlet flow channel is radially extended from the end of the hydrogen circulation outlet (27) to reduce the gas noise generated when the compression rotor (12a) pressurizes the reflux hydrogen, and is also used to store liquid water in the compression chamber (15).

10. A control method for a hydrogen fuel cell hydrogen circulation integrated system, characterized in that: Utilizing the hydrogen fuel cell hydrogen circulation integrated system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the method comprises: The reflux hydrogen from the anode of the fuel cell stack is introduced through the reflux inlet joint (21), and the reflux hydrogen enters the hydrogen circulation pump head (1) through the reflux inlet joint (21) and the hydrogen circulation inlet (26); Controlling the operating state of the hydrogen circulation pump head (1) so that the reflux hydrogen flows out through the hydrogen circulation outlet (27) under the pressure boosting effect of the pump head; The pressurized reflux hydrogen passes through the hydrogen circulation outlet (27) and the ejector reflux inlet (28) in sequence, and enters the ejector mixing section (24); In the ejector mixing section (24), high-pressure hydrogen is injected into the ejector mixing section (24) through the hydrogen nozzle (35) of the new hydrogen supply module (3), and the injection pressure and flow rate of the nozzle are controlled to achieve the injection and mixing of the high-pressure new hydrogen with the reflux hydrogen; The mixed hydrogen after the high-pressure new hydrogen is ejected flows through the ejector mixing section (24) and the ejector diffusion section (25) in sequence, and finally flows back to the anode inlet of the fuel cell stack through the reflux outlet joint (22), thereby realizing the recycling of hydrogen; at the same time, there is a pressure difference between the hydrogen circulation inlet (26) and the hydrogen circulation outlet (27), so that the hydrogen one-way valve component (23) is closed to prevent the pressurized hydrogen from flowing back to the hydrogen circulation inlet (26); When the hydrogen circulation pump head (1) is not working, the reflux hydrogen directly passes through the hydrogen one-way valve component (23) to reach the ejector reflux inlet (28).

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