Large-diameter head forging forming device and forging method

Abstract

The application discloses a large-diameter head forging forming device and a forging method, relates to the technical field of large-diameter heads and comprises a pressure device, which is used for driving a male die and a limiting ring to independently displace along a vertical direction; a base is arranged below the pressure device; a female die assembly is used for placing a material sheet; a first guide assembly and a second guide assembly are used for guiding the material sheet to the first guide assembly during the placing process of the material sheet; and the first guide assembly is used for centering the material sheet after receiving the material sheet, so that the drop center of the material sheet is coincident with the center of the female die assembly. Through the guiding effect of the second guide assembly and the centering function of the first guide assembly, the material sheet can be accurately dropped in the center of the female die assembly, the centering is automatic, manual intervention is not needed, the placing speed of the material sheet is high, and the production efficiency is improved while the safety is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of large-diameter end cap technology, specifically to a forging apparatus and forging method for large-diameter end caps. Background Technology

[0002] Large-diameter hemispherical heads are used in industrial production for high-pressure or ultra-large diameter vessels because of their uniform radius of curvature, which results in the most uniform stress distribution and the smallest required wall thickness to withstand the same pressure, thus saving significant material. As a key component of large equipment such as pressure vessels and chemical equipment, the forging quality of large-diameter heads is directly related to the overall safety and operational stability of the equipment.

[0003] Currently, during the production of large-diameter heads, in the material placement stage, the material is lifted by a crane in the workshop and placed into the mold, where it is forged by a hydraulic press. During this process, due to the lack of efficient and precise guiding and centering structures, manual hand-held hooks are required to assist in positioning the material as it descends. This can easily cause the center of the material to deviate from the center of the die assembly, negatively impacting the molding quality. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a forging apparatus and forging method for large-diameter heads to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a large-diameter head forging and forming device, comprising:

[0006] A pressure device used to drive the punch and the limiting ring to move independently in the vertical direction;

[0007] The base is located below the pressure equipment;

[0008] Die assembly, the sheet is placed on the die assembly;

[0009] During the placement of the sheet material, the second guide component plays a guiding role, guiding the sheet material to the first guide component. After receiving the sheet material, the first guide component centers it so that the center of its landing point coincides with the center of the die assembly.

[0010] Preferably, the die assembly includes:

[0011] The lower mold base is fixedly mounted on the base via support legs;

[0012] The lower pad is fixed to the lower mold base;

[0013] A rotating plate, which is rotatably connected to the lower mold base;

[0014] The die cavity is mounted on the lower die base and fixedly connected to the lower backing plate.

[0015] Preferably, the second guide assembly includes a frame and a guide post. Several frames are mounted on a rotating plate, and the guide posts are rotatably connected to the frames. The guide posts have a rounded chamfer at the end near the limiting ring.

[0016] Preferably, the lower mold base has a material leakage hole that connects its inner and outer walls, wherein the lower part of one end of the material leakage hole is flush with the upper part of the rotating plate.

[0017] Preferably, the first guide component includes:

[0018] The slide frame, centering block, drive disk, and second elastic element are slidably connected to the rotating plate. The second elastic element applies a thrust toward the center of the rotating plate to the slide frame. The centering block is rotatably connected to the slide frame. The drive disk is fixedly installed at both ends of the centering block.

[0019] The floating avoidance part includes a sliding groove, a plug, a connecting column, a tension member, and an annular groove. The annular groove is formed in the lower pad, the sliding groove is formed on the drive plate, the plug is slidably inserted into the sliding frame, the connecting column is rotatably connected to the upper part of the plug, one end of the connecting column is inserted into the sliding groove, and the tension member applies a downward tension to the plug.

[0020] Preferably, one end of the centering block is adapted to the material sheet, and an annular groove is provided on the outside of the limiting ring. During the downward movement of the limiting ring, the guide post moves along the annular groove.

[0021] Preferably, the pressure device is provided with a first hydraulic cylinder for driving the displacement of the punch, and the pressure device is provided with a second hydraulic cylinder for driving the displacement of the limit ring.

[0022] Preferably, the base is laterally movable to move the die assembly away from below the pressure device.

[0023] Preferably, it also includes at least two sets of lifting components, respectively disposed below the pressure device and on the lateral movement path of the base, which are used to support the formed sheet.

[0024] A method for forging a large-diameter head includes the following steps:

[0025] S1, the base drives the die assembly to move to the side, and then the sheet is hoisted to the vicinity above the die assembly. During the placement of the sheet, the second guide assembly guides the sheet to slide along the guide post to the first guide assembly. After the first guide assembly receives the sheet, the centering block is pressed and flipped to achieve positioning and clamping of the sheet, so that the center of the sheet landing point coincides with the center of the die assembly. At this time, the drive plate drives the insertion post to move upward.

[0026] S2, start the pressure equipment, drive the limit ring to move down vertically through the second hydraulic cylinder. During the downward movement of the limit ring, the guide post moves along the annular groove outside the limit ring until the limit ring presses and fixes the edge of the material sheet. Then, drive the punch to move down vertically through the first hydraulic cylinder. The punch gradually approaches and contacts the material sheet to perform the first forging and forming of the material sheet. Then, drive the limit ring to move up through the second hydraulic cylinder, and drive the punch to continue to move down through the first hydraulic cylinder to perform the second forging and forming of the material sheet.

[0027] S3, after the sheet is forged, the first hydraulic cylinder drives the punch to move upward and reset, controls the base to move sideways, drives the die assembly to move away from below the pressure equipment, starts the lifting assembly, the lifting assembly rises from below the base, supports the formed sheet, and removes the formed end cap from the die assembly.

[0028] In the above technical solution, the present invention provides a large-diameter head forging device and forging method. Through the guiding action of the second guide component and the centering function of the first guide component, the sheet can be accurately placed in the center of the die component, so that the sheet is accurately centered. There is no need to deliberately increase the allowance when preparing the material to reduce costs, significantly improve the head forming accuracy, and the centering is automated without manual intervention. The sheet placement speed is fast, and the production efficiency is accelerated while improving safety. Attached Figure Description

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a large-diameter head forging device and forging method according to the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a large-diameter head forging device and forging method of the present invention when the blank is not placed;

[0032] Figure 3 This invention relates to a forging apparatus and forging method for large-diameter end caps. Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the forging device and forging method for large-diameter end caps after the material is placed.

[0034] Figure 5 This invention relates to a forging apparatus and forging method for large-diameter end caps. Figure 4 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0035] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure after the limiting ring presses down the blank in the forging device and forging method for large-diameter end caps according to the present invention.

[0036] Figure 7 This invention relates to a forging apparatus and forging method for large-diameter end caps. Figure 6 Enlarged view of point C in the middle;

[0037] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the punch being pressed down during the first forging forming of a large-diameter end cap forging device and forging method according to the present invention;

[0038] Figure 9 This invention relates to a forging apparatus and forging method for large-diameter end caps. Figure 8 Enlarged view of point D;

[0039] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the punch being pressed down to the secondary forging process in the forging device and forging method for large-diameter end caps of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the floating avoidance part structure of a large-diameter head forging forming device and forging method of the present invention.

[0041] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Pressure device; 11. First hydraulic cylinder; 12. Second hydraulic cylinder; 2. Punch; 3. Limiting ring; 31. Annular groove; 4. Base; 5. Die assembly; 51. Lower die base; 52. Lower pad; 53. Rotating plate; 54. Die; 511. Material discharge hole; 521. Annular groove; 6. First guide assembly; 61. Sliding frame; 62. Centering block; 63. Drive disc; 64. Insert post; 65. Tensioning component; 66. Second elastic component; 631. Slide groove; 641. Connecting post; 7. Second guide assembly; 71. Stand; 72. Guide post; 8. Material sheet; 9. Lifting assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0042] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0043] Please see Figure 1-11 The present invention provides a large-diameter head forging and forming apparatus, comprising:

[0044] Pressure device 1, which is used to drive the punch 1 and the limiting ring 3 to move independently in the vertical direction;

[0045] Base 4 is positioned below pressure device 1;

[0046] Die assembly 5, sheet 8 is placed on die assembly 5;

[0047] During the placement of the sheet material 8, the first guide component 6 and the second guide component 7 play a guiding role, so that the sheet material 8 is guided to the first guide component 6. After receiving the sheet material 8, the first guide component 6 centers it so that the center of its landing point coincides with the center of the die assembly 5.

[0048] The sheet material 8 is hoisted by a crane. The sheet material 8 is first initially positioned by the second guide component 7, which confines it within the positioning range so that the sheet material 8 can fall smoothly to the first guide component 6. Then, with the centering of the first guide component 6, the sheet material 8 can fall onto the die component 5. In this way, the difficulty of placing the sheet material 8 during the hoisting process is greatly reduced, and no manual assistance is required for positioning, which greatly improves the safety of the sheet material 8 during the placement process.

[0049] In an embodiment of the present invention, the die assembly 5 includes:

[0050] The lower mold base 51 is fixedly mounted on the base 4 by means of support legs;

[0051] The lower pad 52 is fixed on the lower mold base 51;

[0052] Rotating plate 53 is rotatably connected to the lower mold base 51;

[0053] The die 54 is mounted on the lower die base 51 and is fixedly connected to the lower backing plate 52.

[0054] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 3 The punch 2 and the limiting ring 3 are driven to move independently by the pressure device 1, and the die assembly 5 on the base 4 realizes the forging operation. The lower die seat 51 of the die assembly 5 provides rigid support, the lower pad 52 plays a supporting and buffering role, and the die 54 is the forming cavity. The first guide assembly 6 and the second guide assembly 7 work together to complete the precise centering of the material sheet 8. By centering and limiting the fixation of the material sheet 8, the product quality and safety in the production process are improved.

[0055] In the embodiments of the present invention, please refer to Figure 2-4 The second guide assembly 7 includes a stand 71 and a guide post 72. Several stands 71 ​​are mounted on a rotating plate 53. The guide post 72 is rotatably connected to the stands 71. The end of the guide post 72 near the limiting ring 3 is provided with an arc chamfer. The stands 71 ​​are dispersed around the die 54. During the downward movement of the sheet 8, the stands 71 ​​and the guide post 72 restrict its swaying to ensure that it falls smoothly into the first guide assembly 6.

[0056] The second guide assembly 7, through the guiding action of the stand 71 and the guide post 72, plays a precise guiding role during the placement of the sheet 8. Firstly, the stand 71 serves as a supporting base, distributed around the die 54 on the rotating plate 53, forming a guide frame surrounding the die 54. This distribution creates a gradually decreasing space between the stand 71 and the first guide assembly 6, initially limiting the lateral offset range of the sheet 8 through the stand 71 and the guide post 72. The guide post 72, rotatably connected to the stand 71, can rotate flexibly around its own axis. When the sheet 8 moves downwards from above, it first contacts the guide post 72. The rotational characteristics of the guide post 72 convert the sliding friction between the sheet 8 and the guide post 72 into rolling friction. The friction significantly reduces the resistance of the material sheet 8 as it moves downward, preventing scratches on the surface of the material sheet 8 or obstruction of its downward movement due to excessive friction. At the same time, the rounded chamfer design of the guide post 72 near the limiting ring 3 effectively eliminates the obstruction of the material sheet 8 by the sharp corners, preventing the material sheet 8 from bouncing or deviating due to rigid collisions, and further stabilizing the downward trajectory of the material sheet 8. Finally, under the joint constraint of multiple sets of guide posts 72, the material sheet 8 is accurately guided to the first guide component 6. Therefore, through the space reduction of the support frame 71, the rotation characteristics of the guide post 72 to reduce friction, and the rounded chamfer to eliminate obstruction, the three work together to achieve stable guidance of the material sheet 8 during its downward movement, ensuring that it smoothly enters the centering range of the first guide component 6.

[0057] In another embodiment of the present invention, please refer to Figure 2 The lower mold base 51 has a material leakage hole 511 that connects its inner and outer walls, wherein one end of the material leakage hole 511 is flush with the upper part of the rotating plate 53.

[0058] During the pressing of large-diameter heads, when the high-temperature sheet 8 cools in contact with air, oxide scale will form on its surface. As forging continues, the oxide scale gradually falls off under the extrusion of the punch 2, the deformation of the sheet 8, and the rotation of the rotating plate 53. The fallen oxide scale will first fall on the upper surface of the rotating plate 53. Since the lower part of one end of the discharge hole 511 is flush with the upper part of the rotating plate 53, the oxide scale can smoothly slide into the entrance of the discharge hole 511. At the same time, the discharge hole 511 connects the inner and outer walls of the lower die base 51, forming a through discharge channel. The oxide scale entering the discharge hole 511 can be quickly discharged to the outside of the lower die base 51 under the push of gravity, avoiding accumulation inside the die assembly 5. This prevents the oxide scale from accumulating in the cavity of the die 54 or on the surface of the rotating plate 53, affecting the forging accuracy, avoiding wear on the die, and avoiding obstruction of the next placement of the sheet 8. This ensures the long-term stable operation of the die assembly 5 and indirectly improves the forming quality of the head.

[0059] In an embodiment of the present invention, the first guide component 6 includes:

[0060] The sliding frame 61, centering block 62, drive disk 63, and second elastic element 66 are slidably connected to the rotating plate 53. The second elastic element 66 applies a thrust to the sliding frame 61 toward the center of the rotating plate 53. The centering block 62 is rotatably connected to the sliding frame 61. The drive disk 63 is fixedly installed at both ends of the centering block 62.

[0061] The floating avoidance part includes a sliding groove 631, a plug 64, a connecting column 641, a tension member 65, and an annular groove 521. The annular groove 521 is formed in the lower pad 52, the sliding groove 631 is formed on the drive disk 63, the plug 64 is slidably inserted into the sliding frame 61, the connecting column 641 is rotatably connected to the upper part of the plug 64, one end of the connecting column 641 is inserted into the sliding groove 631, and the tension member 65 applies a downward tension to the plug 64.

[0062] First, the end of the centering block 62 closest to the center of the die cavity 54 is raised, appearing larger at the top and smaller at the bottom. At this time, its end face forms a slope (as shown in the attached figure). Figure 3 As shown), this structure provides a guide entrance for the falling of the sheet 8, making it easy for the sheet 8 to accurately contact the centering block 62 and then move down. At this time, the lower end of the insert 64 is inserted into the annular groove 521 of the lower pad 52. At this time, the sliding frame 61 is limited and cannot move radially along the rotating plate 53.

[0063] When the sheet 8 is guided down to the first guide component 6 by the second guide component 7, the sheet 8 first contacts the inclined surface of the centering block 62 and squeezes the centering block 62 under its own gravity, forcing the centering block 62 to rotate (flip) around the sliding frame 61. In this way, during the flipping process of the centering block 62, its end near the center is gradually flattened, generating radial and centripetal squeezing force on the edge of the sheet 8. By using the synchronous action of multiple sets of centering blocks 62, the sheet 8 is pushed to the position that coincides with the center of the die 54, completing the centering. Simultaneously, the flipping of the centering block 62 drives the drive disks 63 at both ends to rotate synchronously. In this way, the sliding groove 631 on the drive disk 63 rotates with it, and through the cooperation with the connecting column 641, pushes the insert 64 to overcome the pulling force of the tension member 65 and slide upward, finally causing the lower end of the insert 64 to disengage from the annular groove 521. At this time, the limit of the sliding frame 61 is released, and it can move freely radially along the rotating plate 53.

[0064] Subsequently, during the first forging and forming process, the limiting ring 3 moves down to press, and the punch 2 moves down to press, forming the sheet 8 as shown in the attached figure. Figure 9 As shown in the diagram, the secondary forging process begins. The limiting ring 3 moves upward, and the punch 2 continues to move downward until the desired shape is formed. Figure 9As shown, during the secondary forging process, the sheet 8 gradually takes shape under the action of the punch 2 and the die 54, and its outer edge will curl upwards. Since the sliding frame 61 is unlocked, when the edge of the sheet 8 curls up and contacts the centering block 62, it will push the centering block 62 to drive the sliding frame 61 to overcome the elastic force of the second elastic element 66 and move radially outwards. This achieves the design of synchronously moving outwards with the deformation of the sheet 8, avoiding the obstruction of the first guide component 6 to the curling of the edge of the sheet 8, preventing the edge of the sheet 8 from producing irregular arc corners or wrinkles due to extrusion, ensuring the straightness and integrity of the edge of the formed blank, and providing a precise reference for subsequent beveling and other processes. In this way, the first guide component 6 achieves initial inclined plane guidance, flipping extrusion centering, and finally self-adaptive avoidance after unlocking. It not only achieves high-precision centering of the sheet 8, but also avoids interference with the forging process through dynamic avoidance, improving centering efficiency while ensuring the forming quality of the edge of the large-diameter head.

[0065] In an embodiment of the present invention, one end of the centering block 62 is adapted to the material sheet 8, and an annular groove 31 is provided on the outside of the limiting ring 3. During the downward movement of the limiting ring 3, the guide post 72 moves along the annular groove 31 to realize the rotation of the rotating plate 53.

[0066] One end of the centering block 62 is adapted to the outer circular surface of the sheet 8. This adaptation allows the centering block 62 to form a surface contact with the sheet 8 when it comes into contact with it, so as to maintain the centering position of the sheet 8 through uniform extrusion pressure. Moreover, the annular groove 31 outside the limiting ring 3 is not a simple vertical channel, but is designed with a specific spiral trajectory. When the limiting ring 3 moves vertically downward under the drive of the second hydraulic cylinder 12, the guide post 72 is embedded in the annular groove 31 and slides along the channel. The circumferential trajectory of the annular groove 31 will generate a lateral thrust on the guide post 72, forcing the guide post 72 to rotate circumferentially around the center of the die 54 while moving downward synchronously with the limiting ring 3. Since the guide post 72 is fixedly connected to the rotating plate 53 through the stand 71, this circumferential rotation will be transmitted to the rotating plate 53 through the stand 71. Simultaneously, the centering block 62 also rotates synchronously. In this way, the rotation of the centering block 62 can be used to scrape the outside of the material sheet 8 to remove the oxide layer. At the beginning of the secondary forging, since the limit ring 3 moves upward first, the centering block 62 can be rotated and reset. This allows for secondary scraping and further improves the cleaning effect.

[0067] In another embodiment of the present invention, the pressure device 1 is provided with a first hydraulic cylinder 11 for driving the displacement of the punch 2, and the pressure device 1 is provided with a second hydraulic cylinder 12 for driving the displacement of the limit ring 3.

[0068] The base 4 can be moved laterally to move the die assembly 5 away from below the pressure device 1.

[0069] It also includes at least two sets of lifting components 9, which are respectively set below the pressure device 1 and on the lateral movement path of the base 4, and are used to support the formed sheet 8.

[0070] In this embodiment, the first hydraulic cylinder 11 drives the punch 2 to complete the forging and forming action of the sheet 8, and the second hydraulic cylinder 12 drives the limiting ring 3 to achieve the pre-fixation of the edge of the sheet 8 and the indirect driving of the rotating plate 53. The timing and force of the two actions can be adjusted separately to avoid interference while ensuring forging accuracy.

[0071] The side-moving design of the base 4 further enhances the operational flexibility of the device. After forging is completed, the base 4 drives the die assembly 5 to move out of the pressure equipment 1, so that the formed piece 8 is removed from the forging area. This not only makes it easier for operators to maintain the die assembly 5, but also provides sufficient space for subsequent part removal processes, reducing equipment downtime.

[0072] The setting of at least two sets of lifting components 9 forms a dual-station lifting system. The lifting component 9 located below the pressure device 1 can initially lift the formed sheet 8 and move it upward after the forging is completed and the punch 2 and the limit ring 3 are reset. The lifting component located on the side movement path of the base 4 can further stabilize and lift the sheet 8 after the die component 5 moves into place with the base 4, so as to facilitate safe removal of the part.

[0073] Furthermore, after die casting is completed, the device can be directly lifted by the lifting assembly 9 located below the pressure equipment 1, and then transferred using a forklift.

[0074] A method for forging a large-diameter head includes the following steps:

[0075] S1, the base 4 drives the die assembly 5 to move to the side, and then the sheet 8 is hoisted to the vicinity above the die assembly 5. During the placement of the sheet 8, the second guide assembly 7 guides the sheet 8 to slide along the guide post 72 to the first guide assembly 6. After the first guide assembly 6 receives the sheet 8, the centering block 62 is pressed and flipped to achieve positioning and clamping of the sheet 8, so that the center of the sheet 8 landing point coincides with the center of the die assembly 5. At this time, the drive disk 63 drives the insertion post 64 to move upward.

[0076] S2, start the pressure device 1, drive the limit ring 3 to move down vertically through the second hydraulic cylinder 12. During the downward movement of the limit ring 3, the guide post 72 moves along the annular groove 31 outside the limit ring 3 until the limit ring 3 presses and fixes the edge of the material sheet 8. Then, drive the punch 2 to move down vertically through the first hydraulic cylinder 11. The punch 2 gradually approaches and contacts the material sheet 8 to perform the first forging and forming of the material sheet 8. Then, drive the limit ring 3 to move up through the second hydraulic cylinder 12, and drive the punch 2 to continue to move down through the first hydraulic cylinder 11 to perform the second forging and forming of the material sheet.

[0077] S3, after the sheet 8 is forged, the first hydraulic cylinder 11 drives the punch 2 to move upward and reset, controls the base 4 to move sideways, drives the die assembly 5 to leave the pressure equipment 1, starts the lifting assembly 9, the lifting assembly 9 rises from below the base 4, supports the formed sheet 8, and removes the formed end cap from the die assembly 5.

[0078] In the above method, through the preliminary guidance of the second guide component 7 and the collaborative mechanism of the flipping and centering of the first guide component 6, the rolling guidance of the guide post 72 and the adaptive flipping and extrusion of the centering block 62 are used to achieve automatic alignment between the material sheet 8 and the center of the die component 5. In addition, with the contour adaptation design of the centering block 62 and the material sheet 8, the error of manual intervention is greatly reduced and the positioning efficiency is improved.

[0079] This innovative process design utilizes a pre-compression fixing with a limiting ring 3 combined with a two-stage forging process: the first forging, constrained by the limiting ring 3, achieves initial shaping and prevents material slippage; the second forging, after releasing the constraint of the limiting ring 3, allows the material sheet 8 to extend freely. By releasing deformation stress in stages, the forming of the head surface becomes more uniform, making it particularly suitable for the thick-walled forming requirements of large-diameter heads. Furthermore, through the design of first constraining and then releasing, the first forging, under the fixation of the limiting ring 3, forces the material to preferentially extend axially along the cavity of the die 54, preventing the edges from turning outwards due to lack of constraint. After the second forging releases the constraint, the material, under the continuous pressure of the punch 2, turns radially, causing the curvature of the surface to gradually extend from the inside out. This staged guidance of plastic flow can significantly reduce wall thickness unevenness.

[0080] The foregoing has only described certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention by way of illustration. Undoubtedly, those skilled in the art can modify the described embodiments in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the foregoing drawings and descriptions are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A large diameter head forging forming apparatus characterized by, include: A pressure device (1) is used to drive the punch (2) and the limiting ring (3) to move independently in the vertical direction; The base (4) is located below the pressure device (1); Die assembly (5), sheet (8) is placed in die assembly (5); The first guide component (6) and the second guide component (7) play a guiding role during the placement of the sheet (8), so that the sheet (8) is guided to the first guide component (6). After receiving the sheet (8), the first guide component (6) centers it so that the center of its landing point coincides with the center of the die assembly (5). The die assembly (5) includes: The lower mold base (51) is fixedly mounted on the base (4) by means of support legs; The lower pad (52) is fixed to the lower mold base (51); A rotating plate (53) is rotatably connected to the lower mold base (51); The die (54) is mounted on the lower die base (51) and fixedly connected to the lower backing plate (52); The second guide assembly (7) includes a stand (71) and a guide post (72). Several stands (71) are mounted on a rotating plate (53). The guide post (72) is rotatably connected to the stand (71). The end of the guide post (72) near the limiting ring (3) is provided with a rounded chamfer. The first guide component (6) includes: The sliding frame (61), centering block (62), drive disk (63), and second elastic element (66) are slidably connected to the rotating plate (53). The second elastic element (66) applies a thrust to the sliding frame (61) toward the center of the rotating plate (53). The centering block (62) is rotatably connected to the sliding frame (61). The drive disk (63) is fixedly installed at both ends of the centering block (62). The floating clearance part includes a slide groove (631), a plug (64), a connecting column (641), a tension member (65), and an annular groove (521). The annular groove (521) is opened in the lower pad (52), the slide groove (631) is opened on the drive disk (63), the plug (64) is slidably inserted into the sliding frame (61), the connecting column (641) is rotatably connected to the upper part of the plug (64), one end of the connecting column (641) is inserted into the slide groove (631), and the tension member (65) applies a downward tension to the plug (64). One end of the centering block (62) is adapted to the material sheet (8), and the outer side of the limiting ring (3) is provided with an annular groove (31).

2. A large diameter head forging forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein The lower mold base (51) has a material leakage hole (511) that connects its inner and outer walls, wherein one end of the material leakage hole (511) is flush with the upper part of the rotating plate (53).

3. A large diameter head forging forming apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein The pressure device (1) is equipped with a first hydraulic cylinder (11) for driving the displacement of the punch (2), and a second hydraulic cylinder (12) for driving the displacement of the limit ring (3).

4. A large diameter head forging forming apparatus as claimed in claim 3, wherein The base (4) can be moved laterally to move the die assembly (5) away from the pressure device (1).

5. A large diameter head forging forming apparatus as claimed in claim 4, wherein Also included are at least two sets of lifting assemblies (9) arranged below the pressure equipment (1) and on the side shifting path of the base (4) for supporting the formed blank (8).

6. A large diameter head forging method, which is implemented based on the large diameter head forging forming device according to claim 5, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: S1, the base (4) drives the side shifting of the die assembly (5), and then the blank (8) is hoisted to the vicinity above the die assembly (5). During the placing of the blank (8), the blank (8) is guided and slid along the guide column (72) to the first guide assembly (6) by the guiding action of the second guide assembly (7). After the first guide assembly (6) receives the blank (8), the centering block (62) is pressed to flip to realize the positioning and clamping of the blank (8), so that the falling center of the blank (8) coincides with the center of the die assembly (5). At this time, the driving disc (63) drives the insertion column (64) to move upward; S2, the pressure equipment (1) is started, the limiting ring (3) is driven by the second hydraulic cylinder (12) to move downward along the vertical direction. During the downward movement of the limiting ring (3), the guide column (72) moves along the ring groove (31) outside the limiting ring (3) until the limiting ring (3) tightly fixes the edge of the blank (8). Then, the punch (2) is driven by the first hydraulic cylinder (11) to move downward along the vertical direction. The punch (2) gradually approaches and contacts the blank (8) to perform the first forging forming on the blank (8). Then, the limiting ring (3) is driven by the second hydraulic cylinder (12) to move upward, and the punch (2) is driven by the first hydraulic cylinder (11) to continue moving downward to perform the second forging forming on the blank; S3, after the blank (8) is forged and formed, the punch (2) is driven by the first hydraulic cylinder (11) to move upward and reset. The base (4) is controlled to shift sideways to drive the die assembly (5) to move away from below the pressure equipment (1). The lifting assembly (9) is started, the lifting assembly (9) rises from below the base (4) to support the formed blank (8), and the formed end cover is removed from the die assembly (5).

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