A multi-stage gear reducer for hoist protection

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of speed reducer equipment, and particularly discloses a multi-stage gear speed reducer for hoisting protection, which comprises a main body structure and a driving structure, the driving structure is fixedly arranged on the main body structure, the driving structure is used for providing power, the output shaft of the driving structure is adjustable and controllable, the main body structure is used for adjusting transposition, and different transmission coefficients are realized, the application has the advantages of flexible transmission coefficient adjustment, wide application scene, adaptation to more complex hoisting loads or light load regulation and control, convenient operation, efficient switching, no need of manual adjustment of the main body position of the speed reducer, reduced operation steps and time cost, and improved equipment practicability and safety.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of speed reducer equipment, in particular to a multi-stage gear speed reducer for hoisting protection. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the operation of hoisting machinery, the speed reducer as the core component of power transmission directly affects the running stability, load capacity and safety protection effect of the hoisting equipment; the traditional speed reducer for hoisting is designed with fixed transmission ratio, which can only meet the power output demand under single working condition and is difficult to adapt to complex hoisting scenes with different loads and different running speeds.

[0003] When the hoisting equipment needs to switch between light load high speed and heavy load low speed, the traditional speed reducer needs to be replaced by equipment with different transmission ratios through shutdown, which is not only cumbersome and time-consuming, but also may cause the connection precision of the equipment to decrease due to frequent replacement, increasing mechanical wear and tear and safety hazards.

[0004] Based on the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the present application provides a multi-stage gear speed reducer for hoisting protection, which realizes the quick switching of different transmission coefficients and the multi-stage speed reduction function through the transposition adjustment of the main body structure and the flexible docking of the driving structure, and improves the adaptability and safety of the hoisting equipment. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to solve the technical problems of fixed transmission coefficient of the existing speed reducer and inconvenient switching between light load and heavy load, and to provide a multi-stage gear speed reducer for hoisting protection. To achieve the purpose of the present application, the following technical solutions are adopted.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned problem-solving, the present application provides the following technical scheme: a multi-stage gear speed reducer for hoisting protection, comprising a main body structure and a driving structure, the driving structure being fixedly arranged on the main body structure; the driving structure is used for providing power, and the output shaft of the driving structure is adjustable and controllable, the main body structure is used for adjusting transposition, and different transmission coefficients are realized.

[0007] Preferably, the main body structure comprises a control box, a transposition assembly, a first support, an inner ring, a second support, an outer ring and two pairs of speed reducer bodies; an axle hole is arranged in the middle of the upper wall of the control box, the transposition assembly is fixedly arranged in the middle of the control box, the first support is fixedly arranged on the transposition assembly, the inner ring is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the first support, the second support is fixedly arranged on the transposition assembly, and the second support is located below the first support, the outer ring is fixedly arranged on the second support, and the outer ring is movably sleeved on the outer side of the inner ring, two pairs of the speed reducer bodies are symmetrically arranged on the upper wall of the inner ring and the upper wall of the outer ring, and the input end and the output end of the two pairs of speed reducer bodies are provided with docking interfaces.

[0008] Preferably, the transposition assembly comprises a chassis, an axle bracket, a pair of first sleeves, a pair of telescopic rods, a shaft, a first gear, a first motor, a pair of second gears, a pair of springs, a pair of rotating discs, a first electric sliding rail and a supporting arm; the chassis is fixedly arranged on the lower wall of the control box, the axle bracket is concave, the axle bracket is fixedly arranged on the chassis below the shaft hole, a pair of first sleeves are movably arranged through the upper and lower ends of the axle bracket, one end of a pair of telescopic rods is movably arranged through the first sleeves, and the telescopic rods can move up and down, the telescopic rods rotate on the axle bracket through the first sleeves, one end of the shaft is fixedly arranged on one of the telescopic rods, and the other end of the shaft movably penetrates the other telescopic rod, the shaft and the other telescopic rod penetrate the shaft hole, the first gear is fixedly arranged in the middle of the axle bracket, the first motor is fixedly arranged on the axle bracket, and the driving end of the first motor is connected with the first gear, the first gear rotates driven by the first motor, a pair of second gears are fixedly arranged on the telescopic rods respectively, and the second gears are symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower sides of the first gear, a pair of second gears are engaged with the first gear respectively, a pair of springs are movably sleeved on the telescopic rods, and the springs are located between the axle bracket and the second gears, a pair of rotating discs are fixedly sleeved on the telescopic rods respectively, and the rotating discs are located above and below the two ends of the axle bracket respectively, the diameter of the rotating disc is greater than the diameter of the second gear, the first electric sliding rail is vertically arranged on one end of the axle bracket, and one end of the supporting arm is fixedly arranged on the first electric sliding rail.

[0009] Preferably, the supporting arm moves up and down through the first electric sliding rail, and the other end of the supporting arm can contact the rotating disc.

[0010] Preferably, the driving structure comprises a hanger, a machine case, a transmission shaft, a second motor, a pair of third gears, a second electric sliding rail, a moving arm, a second sleeve and a telescopic shaft; one end of the hanger is fixedly arranged on the middle of the left side of the control box, the other end of the hanger is located above the middle of the inner ring, the machine case is L-shaped, the machine case is fixedly arranged on the other end of the hanger, the transmission shaft movably penetrates the front and rear walls of the machine case, the second motor is fixedly arranged in the machine case, a pair of third gears are fixedly sleeved on the transmission shaft and the driving end of the second motor respectively, and the pair of third gears are relatively engaged, the second electric sliding rail is fixedly arranged on the upper wall of the machine case, one end of the moving arm is fixedly arranged on the second electric sliding rail, the second sleeve movably penetrates the other end of the moving arm, and the second sleeve corresponds to the transmission shaft, one end of the telescopic shaft is movably inserted into the transmission shaft, the other end of the telescopic shaft is fixedly penetrated into the second sleeve, and the telescopic shaft rotates on the moving arm through the second sleeve.

[0011] Preferably, in order to realize multi-stage speed reduction, the speed reducer main body on the inner ring and the outer ring can be relatively arranged, and connected through the docking assembly.

[0012] Preferably, the docking assembly comprises a docking shaft, a stopper and a nut, the docking shaft is the same as the telescopic shaft, the docking shaft is detachably installed between the input end and the output end of the speed reducer body, and a stop groove is arranged in the middle of the docking shaft, one end of the stopper is movably penetrated through the stop groove of the docking shaft, and the nut is movably screwed on the docking shaft.

[0013] Preferably, the telescopic shaft can be inserted and connected at the input end of the speed reducer body.

[0014] Preferably, the inner ring and the outer ring are arranged on the through shaft and the other telescopic rod respectively, and the inner ring and the outer ring can be synchronously and reversely rotated or the inner ring and the outer ring can be separately rotated.

[0015] The multi-stage gear speed reducer for lifting protection has the beneficial effects that:

[0016] 1. Multi-coefficient independent switching: the inner ring and the outer ring can be separately rotated or synchronously and reversely rotated through the transposition assembly, so that the four different transmission coefficients of the speed reducer body can be respectively docked with the driving structure, and four kinds of transmission coefficients can be quickly switched when used alone, so as to meet the requirements of different working conditions such as light load and high speed, heavy load and low speed.

[0017] 2. Multi-stage combination expansion: when two speed reducer bodies are used in series through the docking assembly, six different combined transmission coefficients (based on the two-by-two combination of four independent coefficients) can be formed, further expanding the speed reduction range and adapting to more complex lifting load regulation scenes.

[0018] 3. Transposition adjustment automation: the automatic rotation and positioning of the inner ring and the outer ring are realized by means of the driving components such as the first motor and the electric sliding rail in the transposition assembly, so that manual adjustment of the position of the speed reducer body is not needed, and the operation steps and time cost are reduced.

[0019] 4. Stable and reliable docking: the telescopic shaft is flexibly telescoped by the second electric sliding rail of the driving structure, the telescoping length can be automatically adjusted according to the docking object (the speed reducer body on the inner ring or the outer ring), the docking of the speed reducer body is accurately realized, and unstable transmission caused by manual docking errors is avoided.

[0020] 5. Coaxial and opposite direction transmission optimization: the inner ring and the outer ring are designed in a coaxial nesting manner, and cooperate with the gear transmission (the first gear meshes with the upper and lower second gears) of the transposition assembly to realize stable and reverse synchronous rotation, ensure the position accuracy during the transposition of the speed reducer body, and reduce mechanical interference; the axial positioning of the speed reducer body after being connected in series is realized by the stopper and the nut of the docking assembly, so that the docking shaft is prevented from falling off during transmission due to vibration.

[0021] 6. Adapt to the lifting protection demand: through the flexible regulation and control of multiple coefficients and multiple stages of reduction, the different power requirements of light load and heavy load in lifting operation can be accurately matched, the overloading or power shortage caused by transmission mismatch is reduced, and the reliability of lifting protection is improved; multiple coefficient adjustment can be realized without frequent replacement of the reducer main body, mechanical part disassembly and wear are reduced, and the service life of the equipment is prolonged; at the same time, the modular component design facilitates individual replacement, reduces maintenance difficulty and cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the application;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the main body structure assembly structure of the application;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the split and enlarged structure of the transposition assembly of the application;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the transposition assembly assembly and enlarged structure of the application;

[0026] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the split structure of the driving structure of the application;

[0027] Figure 6 It is a driving structure display diagram of the application;

[0028] Figure 7 It is Figure 2 A local enlarged structure schematic diagram in

[0029] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the split structure of the docking assembly of the application.

[0030] In the figure: 1, main body structure, 11, control box, 12, transposition assembly, 120, chassis, 121, shaft support, 122, first sleeve, 123, telescopic rod, 124, through shaft, 125, first gear, 126, first motor, 127, second gear, 128, spring, 129, turntable, 130, first electric slide rail, 131, supporting arm, 13, first support, 14, inner ring, 15, second support, 16, outer ring, 17, reducer main body, 2, driving structure, 21, hanging bracket, 22, machine box, 23, transmission shaft, 24, second motor, 25, third gear, 26, second electric slide rail, 27, moving arm, 28, second sleeve, 29, telescopic shaft, 3, docking assembly, 31, docking shaft, 32, blocking groove, 33, blocking rod, 34, nut, 4, docking port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The specific embodiments of the application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0032] As Figures 1-8 shown, the present application provides a technical solution: a multi-stage gear reducer for lifting protection, comprising a main structure 1 and a drive structure 2, the drive structure 2 is fixedly arranged on the main structure 1; the drive structure 2 is used to provide power, and the output shaft of the drive structure 2 can be adjusted and controlled, the main structure 1 is used to adjust the transposition to realize different transmission coefficients.

[0033] As a further scheme of the present application, the main structure 1 comprises a control box 11, a transposition assembly 12, a first support 13, an inner ring 14, a second support 15, an outer ring 16 and two pairs of reducer bodies 17; the control box 11 is provided with a shaft hole in the middle of the upper wall, the transposition assembly 12 is fixedly arranged in the middle of the control box 11, the first support 13 is fixedly arranged on the transposition assembly 12, the inner ring 14 is fixedly arranged outside the first support 13, the second support 15 is fixedly arranged on the transposition assembly 12, and the second support 15 is located below the first support 13, the outer ring 16 is fixedly arranged on the second support 15, and the outer ring 16 is movably sleeved outside the inner ring 14, two pairs of the reducer bodies 17 are symmetrically arranged on the upper wall of the inner ring 14 and the upper wall of the outer ring 16, and the input end and the output end of the two pairs of reducer bodies 17 are provided with a docking interface 4; the transposition assembly 12 is carried by the control box 11, the inner ring 14 and the outer ring 16 on the first support 13 and the second support 15 are controlled to rotate by the transposition assembly 12, the transposition of the reducer bodies 17 on the inner ring 14 and the outer ring 16 is realized, the reducer bodies 17 can have different transmission coefficients and be used for different transmission.

[0034] More specifically, when the transmission coefficient needs to be adjusted, the transposition assembly 12 is controlled to move, driving the first support 13 and the second support 15 to move respectively, and then causing the inner ring 14 and the outer ring 16 fixedly arranged thereon to rotate relatively or shift in position, so as to realize the transposition between the reducer bodies 17 on the inner ring 14 and the reducer bodies 17 on the outer ring 16; since different reducer bodies 17 have different transmission coefficients, by switching the reducer bodies 17 participating in transmission, the overall transmission coefficient can be changed to adapt to the working condition requirements of different loads and different speeds in lifting operation.

[0035] As a further scheme of the present application, the transposition assembly 12 comprises a base frame 120, an axle frame 121, a pair of first sleeves 122, a pair of telescopic rods 123, a through axle 124, a first gear 125, a first motor 126, a pair of second gears 127, a pair of springs 128, a pair of rotating discs 129, a first electric sliding rail 130 and a supporting arm 131; the base frame 120 is fixedly arranged on the lower wall of the control box 11, the axle frame 121 is concave, the axle frame 121 is fixedly arranged on the base frame 120 below the axle hole, a pair of the first sleeves 122 are movably arranged through the upper and lower ends of the axle frame 121 respectively, one end of a pair of the telescopic rods 123 is movably arranged through the first sleeves 122 respectively, and the telescopic rods 123 can move up and down, the telescopic rods 123 rotate on the axle frame 121 through the first sleeves 122, one end of the through axle 124 is fixedly arranged on one of the telescopic rods 123, and the other end of the through axle 124 movably penetrates the other telescopic rod 123, the through axle 124 and the other telescopic rod 123 both penetrate the axle hole, the first gear 125 is fixedly arranged on the middle part of the axle frame 121, the first motor 126 is fixedly arranged on the axle frame 121, and the driving end of the first motor 126 is connected with the first gear 125, the first gear 125 rotates driven by the first motor 126, a pair of the second gears 127 are fixedly arranged on the telescopic rods 123 respectively, and the second gears 127 are symmetrically located on the upper and lower sides of the first gear 125 respectively, a pair of the second gears 127 are engaged with the first gear 125 respectively, a pair of the springs 128 are movably sleeved on the telescopic rods 123 respectively, and the springs 128 are located between the axle frame 121 and the second gears 127, a pair of the rotating discs 129 are fixedly sleeved on the telescopic rods 123 respectively, and the rotating discs 129 are located above and below the two ends of the axle frame 121 respectively, the rotating discs 129 are larger in diameter than the second gears 127, the first electric sliding rail 130 is vertically arranged on one end of the axle frame 121, one end of the supporting arm 131 is fixedly arranged on the first electric sliding rail 130, and the supporting arm 131 moves up and down through the first electric sliding rail 130, the other end of the supporting arm 131 can contact with the rotating discs 129; the first gear 125 rotates driven by the first motor 126, the second gears 127 rotate on the first sleeves 122 through the telescopic rods 123 driven by the first sleeves 122 in mesh with the first gear 125, the through axle 124 on one of the telescopic rods 123 reversely rotates with the other telescopic rod 123, the supporting arm 131 moves up or down driven by the first sliding rail, the rotating discs 129 on the telescopic rods 123 are forced by the supporting arm 131, the second gears 127 move up or down, and the second gears 127 are disengaged from the first gear 125, then the first gear 125 drives one of the second gears 127 to rotate, and the inner ring 14 or the outer ring 16 rotates alone.

[0036] More specifically, if the inner ring 14 needs to rotate alone, the first electric sliding rail 130 drives the supporting arm 131 to rise, the end of the supporting arm 131 is in contact with the lower end surface of the upper rotating disc 129 and exerts an upward thrust, forcing the upper telescopic rod 123 to move upward against the elastic force of the spring 128, and the telescopic rod 123 passes through the first sleeve 122, driving the upper second gear 127 to disengage from the first gear 125; At this time, the first motor 126 only drives the lower second gear 127 to rotate, through the lower telescopic rod 123 to drive the shaft 124 to rotate, while the telescopic rod 123 fixed to the outer ring 16 stops rotating, realizing the independent rotation of the inner ring 14 and the corresponding reducer body 17.

[0037] As a further scheme of the application, the driving structure 2 comprises a hanger 21, a machine box 22, a transmission shaft 23, a second motor 24, a pair of third gears 25, a second electric sliding rail 26, a moving arm 27, a second sleeve 28 and a telescopic shaft 29; one end of the hanger 21 is fixedly arranged on the left side of the control box 11, the other end of the hanger 21 is located above the middle of the inner ring 14, the machine box 22 is L-shaped, the machine box 22 is fixedly arranged on the other end of the hanger 21, the transmission shaft 23 is movably arranged through the front and rear walls of the machine box 22, the second motor 24 is fixedly arranged in the machine box 22, a pair of third gears 25 are fixedly arranged on the transmission shaft 23 and the driving end of the second motor 24 respectively, and the pair of third gears 25 are relatively engaged, the second electric sliding rail 26 is fixedly arranged on the middle of the upper wall of the machine box 22, one end of the moving arm 27 is fixedly arranged on the second electric sliding rail 26, the second sleeve 28 is movably arranged through the other end of the moving arm 27, and the second sleeve 28 corresponds to the transmission shaft 23, one end of the telescopic shaft 29 is movably inserted into the transmission shaft 23, the other end of the telescopic shaft 29 is fixedly arranged through the second sleeve 28, and the telescopic shaft 29 rotates on the moving arm 27 through the second sleeve; the machine box 22 is suspended in the middle of the inner ring 14 through the hanger 21, so that the machine box 22 corresponds to the reducer body 17, and the second motor 24 is connected and driven with different reducer bodies 17 as the reducer body 17 is transposed; when the machine box 22 and the reducer body 17 on the inner ring 14 or the reducer body 17 on the outer ring 16 are relatively alone, the moving arm 27 is moved through the second electric sliding rail 26, the telescopic shaft 29 is telescoped from the transmission shaft 23, and the telescopic shaft 29 is inserted into the connecting interface 4 of the reducer body 17 for connection and transmission.

[0038] More specifically, the driving structure 2 can flexibly adapt to the transposition adjustment of the reducer body 17, realize quick and stable connection with reducer bodies 17 of different transmission coefficients, and ensure the continuity and reliability of power transmission.

[0039] As a further scheme of the present application, in order to realize multi-stage reduction, the inner ring 14 and the reducer body 17 on the outer ring 16 can be arranged oppositely and connected through the docking assembly 3.

[0040] As a further scheme of the present application, the docking assembly 3 comprises a docking shaft 31, a stop lever 33 and a nut 34. The docking shaft 31 is the same as the telescopic shaft 29, and is detachably installed at both ends between the input end and the output end of the reducer body 17. A stop groove 32 is arranged through the middle of the docking shaft 31. The stop lever 33 is movably arranged through the stop groove 32 of the docking shaft 31 at one end. The nut 34 is movably screwed on the docking shaft 31. The docking shaft 31 is limited by the stop lever 33. When the reducer body 17 on the inner ring 14 and the reducer body 17 on the outer ring 16 are opposite (the input / output docking interfaces 4 of the two are coaxially aligned), first, one end of the docking shaft 31 is inserted into the output end docking interface 4 of the reducer body 17 on the inner ring 14 side, and the other end is inserted into the input end docking interface 4 of the reducer body 17 on the outer ring 16 side, so as to realize the physical series connection of the two reducer bodies 17 through the docking shaft 31. Then, one end of the stop lever 33 is radially arranged through the stop groove 32 in the middle of the docking shaft 31, so that the two ends of the stop lever 33 are respectively attached to the end faces of the two reducer bodies 17 (the output end face of the reducer body 17 on the inner ring side and the input end face of the reducer body 17 on the outer ring side), so as to limit the axial movement of the docking shaft 31. Finally, the nut 34 is movably screwed on both ends of the docking shaft 31, so as to fasten the docking interfaces 4 of the docking shaft 31 and the reducer body 17, and complete the stable connection of the two reducer bodies 17. The docking assembly 3 is located between the two opposite reducer bodies 17, and does not directly contact with the inner ring 14 and the outer ring 16, but is indirectly associated by connecting the reducer bodies 17.

[0041] More specifically, the two reducer bodies 17 on the inner ring 14 and the outer ring 16 are rigidly connected in series through the docking shaft 31, and the power is transmitted in sequence to realize multi-stage reduction.

[0042] As a further scheme of the present application, the telescopic shaft 29 can be inserted and connected at the input end of the reducer body 17.

[0043] As a further scheme of the present application, the inner ring 14 and the outer ring 16 are arranged on the through shaft 124 and the other telescopic rod 123 respectively, and the inner ring 14 and the outer ring 16 can be synchronously and reversely rotated or the inner ring 14 and the outer ring 16 can be individually rotated.

[0044] The detailed connection means is a known technology in the art, and the working principle and process are mainly introduced below. The specific work is as follows.

[0045] When the single reducer body 17 is driven to operate (when the transmission coefficients of the four reducer bodies 17 are different, four transmission coefficient switches are realized);

[0046] Initial state check: Ensure that the telescopic shaft 29 is in the retracted state, and there is no docking with all the reducer bodies 17; according to the selected target reducer body 17, determine the activated reducer body 17 (located on the inner ring 14 or the outer ring 16) according to the required transmission coefficient;

[0047] Then start the transposition assembly 12, if the target reducer body 17 is on the outer ring 16, control the first electric sliding rail 130 on the chassis 120 to drive the supporting arm 131 to descend, push the lower turntable 129 to make the lower telescopic shaft 29 forced to pass through the first sleeve 122 to descend, drive the lower second gear 127 to disengage from the engagement with the first gear 125 on the shaft support 121; then start the first motor 126, drive the first gear 125 to rotate the upper second gear 127, and then drive the upper telescopic rod 123 to rotate by means of the first sleeve 122, realize the rotation of the outer ring 16 on the second support 15, until the target reducer body 17 is opposite to the driving structure 2;

[0048] If the target reducer body 17 is on the inner ring 14, control the first electric sliding rail 130 on the chassis 120 to drive the supporting arm 131 to descend, the end of the supporting arm 131 is in contact with the upper end surface of the lower turntable 129 and applies a downward pushing force, forcing the lower telescopic rod 123 to descend against the spring 128 force (the telescopic rod 123 moves along the first sleeve 122), and drive the lower second gear 127 to disengage from the engagement with the first gear 125 on the shaft support 121 (i.e. the transmission gear corresponding to the outer ring 16 disengages from the engagement, and the outer ring 16 remains stationary); At this time, the lower second gear 127 is disengaged, the upper second gear 127 is reset by the force of the spring 128, and remains engaged with the first gear 125; start the first motor 126, drive the first gear 125 to rotate the upper second gear 127, and then drive the upper telescopic rod 123 (rotate along the first sleeve 122), drive the inner ring 14 on the first support 13 by means of the through shaft 124, until the target reducer body 17 on the inner ring 14 is opposite to the driving structure 2;

[0049] Power docking: start the second electric sliding rail 26 on the chassis 22 in the driving structure 2, drive the moving arm 27 to move, make the telescopic shaft 29 extend from the transmission shaft 23, insert one end of the telescopic shaft 29 into the input end docking interface 4 of the target reducer body 17, complete the docking;

[0050] Start transmission: start the second motor 24, the second motor 24 drives one of the third gears 25 to rotate, drives the transmission shaft 23 by the meshing transmission of the third gear 25, and the transmission shaft 23 drives the telescopic shaft 29 to rotate by means of the second sleeve 28, the telescopic shaft 29 is transmitted to the reducer body 17, realizes the power output of the corresponding transmission coefficient.

[0051] When the double-reducer main body 17 is operated in series transmission (realizing six kinds of combined transmission coefficients);

[0052] The reducer main body 17 in series is selected, and according to the required multi-stage reduction coefficient, the two reducer main bodies 17 on the inner ring 14 and the outer ring 16 that need to be connected in series are determined;

[0053] Adjust the relative position: control the first electric sliding rail 130 to return the supporting arm 131 to the initial position (the spring 128 pushes the second gear 127 to engage with the first gear 125); start the first motor 126 to drive the first gear 125 to drive the up and down second gear 127 to rotate in reverse, so that the inner ring 14 and the outer ring 16 rotate in reverse synchronously, until the two target reducer main bodies 17 are relatively aligned, or after the reducer main body 17 on one of the inner ring 14 or the outer ring 16 is aligned, the corresponding of the other reducer main body 17 is controlled separately by controlling the inner ring 14 or the outer ring 16;

[0054] Connecting the docking assembly 3: inserting the docking shaft 31 at both ends into the output end and the input end of the two reducer main bodies 17 respectively; inserting the stop lever 33 through the stop groove 32 of the docking shaft 31, so that the both ends of the stop lever 33 are attached to the end face of the reducer main body 17 to realize limiting; tightening the nuts 34 at both ends of the docking shaft 31 to fix the docking shaft 31 and the reducer main body 17;

[0055] Docking with the driving structure 2: starting the second electric sliding rail 26 to drive the telescopic shaft 29 to extend and insert into the input end of the reducer main body 17 on the inner ring 14 in series combination to realize connection;

[0056] Starting multi-stage transmission: starting the second motor 24, and the power is transmitted to the rear reducer main body 17 through the telescopic shaft 29, the front reducer main body 17 and the docking shaft 31 in sequence, realizing multi-stage reduction transmission.

[0057] In order to further improve the practicability of the equipment, the orientations of the input end and the output end of the reducer main body 17 can be set according to the use demand, so as to realize reduction transmission or speed-up transmission.

[0058] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it can be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, replacements and variations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirits of the present application, and the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A multi-stage gear reducer for hoist protection, characterized by, Including main body structure (1) and drive structure (2), drive structure (2) is fixedly arranged on main body structure (1), drive structure (2) is used to provide power, and the output shaft of drive structure (2) can be regulated, main body structure (1) is used to adjust transposition, realizes different transmission coefficients; The main body structure (1) comprises a control box (11), a transposition assembly (12), a first support (13), an inner ring (14), a second support (15), an outer ring (16) and two pairs of speed reducer bodies (17). The upper wall of the control box (11) is provided with a shaft hole in the middle, the transposition assembly (12) is fixedly arranged in the middle of the control box (11), the first support (13) is fixedly arranged on the transposition assembly (12), the inner ring (14) is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the first support (13), the second support (15) is fixedly arranged on the transposition assembly (12), and the second support (15) is located below the first support (13), the outer ring (16) is fixedly arranged on the second support (15), and the outer ring (16) is movably sleeved on the outer side of the inner ring (14), two pairs of the speed reducer bodies (17) are symmetrically arranged on the upper wall of the inner ring (14) and the upper wall of the outer ring (16), and the input end and the output end of the two pairs of speed reducer bodies (17) are provided with the docking interfaces (4). The speed reducer bodies (17) on the inner ring (14) and the outer ring (16) can be relatively arranged, and are connected through the docking assembly (3). The transposition assembly (12) comprises a chassis (120), a shaft support (121), a pair of first sleeves (122), a pair of telescopic rods (123), a through shaft (124), a first gear (125), a first motor (126), a pair of second gears (127), a pair of springs (128), a pair of turntables (129), a first electric sliding rail (130) and a supporting arm (131). The bottom frame (120) is fixedly arranged on the lower wall of the control box (11), the shaft frame (121) is concave, the shaft frame (121) is fixedly arranged on the bottom frame (120) and below the shaft hole, a pair of the first sleeve seats (122) are respectively movably penetrated through the upper and lower ends of the shaft frame (121), one end of a pair of the telescopic rods (123) is respectively movably penetrated through the first sleeve seat (122), and the telescopic rod (123) can be lifted and moved, the telescopic rod (123) rotates on the shaft frame (121) through the first sleeve seat (122), one end of the shaft (124) is fixedly arranged on one of the telescopic rods (123), and the other end of the shaft (124) is movably penetrated through the other telescopic rod (123), the shaft (124) and the other telescopic rod (123) are both penetrated through the shaft hole, the first gear (125) is fixedly arranged on the middle part of the shaft frame (121), the first motor (126) is fixedly arranged on the shaft frame (121), and the driving end of the first motor (126) is connected with the first gear (125), the first gear (125) is driven to rotate by the first motor (126), a pair of the second gears (127) are respectively fixedly arranged on the telescopic rods (123), and the second gears (127) are respectively arranged on the upper and lower sides of the first gear (125) in a symmetrical manner, the second gears (127) are respectively meshed with the first gear (125), a pair of the springs (128) are respectively movably sleeved on the telescopic rods (123), and the springs (128) are located between the shaft frame (121) and the second gears (127), a pair of the turntables (129) are respectively fixedly sleeved on the telescopic rods (123), and the turntables (129) are respectively located above and below the two ends of the shaft frame (121), the diameter of the turntable (129) is greater than that of the second gear (127), the first electric sliding rail (130) is vertically arranged on one end of the shaft frame (121), and one end of the supporting arm (131) is fixedly arranged on the first electric sliding rail (130).

2. A multi-stage gear reducer for hoist protection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The supporting arm (131) is lifted and moved by the first electric sliding rail (130), and the other end of the supporting arm (131) can contact the turntable (129).

3. A multi-stage gear reducer for hoist protection according to claim 2, characterized in that, The driving structure (2) comprises a hanging frame (21), a machine box (22), a transmission shaft (23), a second motor (24), a pair of third gears (25), a second electric sliding rail (26), a moving arm (27), a second sleeve seat (28) and a telescopic shaft (29). Said hanger (21) one end is fixedly arranged in the left middle part of the control box (11), the other end of the hanger (21) is above the middle part of the inner ring (14), the case (22) is L-shaped, the case (22) is fixedly arranged on the other end of the hanger (21), the transmission shaft (23) is movably penetrated through the front and rear walls of the case (22), the second motor (24) is fixedly arranged in the case (22), a pair of the third gear (25) is fixedly sleeved on the transmission shaft (23) and the driving end of the second motor (24) respectively, a pair of the third gear (25) is engaged, the second electric slide rail (26) is fixedly arranged on the middle part of the upper wall of the case (22), the moving arm (27) one end is fixedly arranged on the second electric slide rail (26), the second sleeve (28) is movably penetrated through the other end of the moving arm (27), and the second sleeve (28) corresponds to the transmission shaft (23), the telescopic shaft (29) one end is movably inserted into the transmission shaft (23), the telescopic shaft (29) the other end is fixedly penetrated in the second sleeve (28), and the telescopic shaft (29) rotates on the moving arm (27) through the second sleeve (28).

4. A multi-stage gear reducer for hoist protection according to claim 3, wherein The docking assembly (3) comprises a docking shaft (31), a stop lever (33) and a nut (34); The docking shaft (31) is the same as the telescopic shaft (29), the docking shaft (31) is detachably installed between the input end and the output end of the speed reducer main body (17), and the docking shaft (31) is provided with a stop groove (32) penetrating through the middle part, one end of the stop lever (33) is movably penetrated through the stop groove (32) of the docking shaft (31), the nut (34) is movably screwed on the docking shaft (31), and the docking shaft (31) is limited by the stop lever (33).

5. A multi-stage gear reducer for hoist protection according to claim 4, wherein The telescopic shaft (29) can be connected by being inserted into the input end of the speed reducer main body (17).

6. A multi-stage gear reducer for hoist protection according to claim 5, wherein, The inner ring (14) and the outer ring (16) are arranged on the through shaft (124) and the other telescopic rod (123) respectively, and the inner ring (14) and the outer ring (16) can synchronously and reversely rotate or the inner ring (14) and the outer ring (16) can rotate alone.

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