Manual and GNSS combined pumped storage power station dam surface deformation automatic monitoring system

Abstract

The invention discloses a manual and GNSS combined pumped storage power station dam surface deformation automatic monitoring system, which comprises a plurality of groups of manual monitoring assemblies, a plurality of groups of GNSS monitoring assemblies and a plurality of groups of GNSS data settlement software, and is characterized in that the manual monitoring assemblies and the GNSS monitoring assemblies are respectively arranged at observation point positions of upper and lower reservoir dam surfaces of a pumped storage power station; the GNSS data settlement software is installed on a special computer of a pumped storage power station dam control center, the use frequency of the manual monitoring assembly is two times of monitoring every month, the CNSS detection assembly is used in cooperation with the CNSS data settlement software, the use frequency is one time of monitoring every two hours, and the monitoring system uses a mode of combining manual work and GNSS, so that the monitoring efficiency is improved. The monitoring frequencies are set to be different, the GNSS monitors the deformation amount of the surface of the dam in real time, the part with errors in GNSS monitoring can be manually corrected in time, the accuracy of the monitoring result is ensured while real-time monitoring is achieved, and safe operation of the pumped storage power station is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of pumped storage power station dam deformation monitoring technology, in particular to a pumped storage power station dam surface deformation automatic monitoring system combined with manual and GNSS. Background Art

[0002] During the construction and operation of pumped-storage power stations, dam surface deformation monitoring is a crucial means of ensuring their overall safety and structural stability. Surface deformation (such as displacement, settlement, tilt, or cracks) serves as a direct indicator of dam structural instability. Continuous monitoring can promptly detect anomalies, prevent catastrophic accidents such as dam failure, and provide early warning. Furthermore, due to the frequent charging and discharging cycles of pumped-storage power stations, rapid water level fluctuations cause the dam body to undergo cyclical loads, which can easily lead to fatigue deformation. Monitoring can assess whether the dynamic response is within a safe range. Monitoring dam surface deformation can guide reservoir operation, such as adjusting the rate of water level change to prevent excessive deformation and extend the dam's service life. It can also promptly address small-scale deformations, preventing sudden damage that could cause power station shutdowns, ensuring power peak-shaving capacity, and reducing downtime losses.

[0003] At present, the method used for monitoring the surface deformation of the dam of a pumped-storage power station is manual monitoring, which uses a total station and a monitoring prism to measure at the observation point. One operator is required to measure and another operator to record. At the same time, the prism needs to be reinstalled at different observation points and then the angle needs to be adjusted, which takes a lot of time and energy and is inefficient. The observation frequency of this method is low, and the accuracy is easily affected by human factors. At the same time, the data processing method is relatively backward and has low timeliness, which makes it difficult to detect safety hazards in a timely manner and unable to deal with the deformation position in a timely manner, thereby ensuring the continued safe and stable operation of the pumped-storage power station. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an automatic monitoring system for the surface deformation of the dam of a pumped-storage power station combined with manual and GNSS monitoring. The monitoring system uses a combination of manual monitoring components and GNSS monitoring components to monitor the deformation of the dam surface. The monitoring frequencies of manual monitoring and GNSS monitoring are set to different. In daily monitoring, a monitoring method combining GNSS monitoring every two hours with manual monitoring twice a month is adopted. On the one hand, the deformation of the dam surface can be monitored in real time. On the other hand, manual monitoring can promptly correct the errors in GNSS monitoring. In this way, real-time monitoring is achieved while ensuring the accuracy of the monitoring results, and the structural properties and safety status of the rock mass on the dam surface are monitored in real time to ensure the safe operation of the pumped-storage power station.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:

[0006] The automatic surface deformation monitoring system for the dam of a pumped-storage power station, which combines manual and GNSS monitoring, includes a manual monitoring component, a GNSS monitoring component, and GNSS data settlement software. There are multiple groups of manual monitoring components and GNSS monitoring components, which are respectively installed at observation points on the surface of the upper and lower reservoir dams of the pumped-storage power station. The GNSS data settlement software is installed on a dedicated computer in the dam control center of the pumped-storage power station. The manual monitoring component is used twice a month, and the CNSS detection component is used in conjunction with the CNSS data settlement software at a frequency of once every two hours.

[0007] The manual monitoring component includes a deformation monitoring prism and an anti-theft protective cover. The deformation monitoring prism is threadedly connected to the middle position of the upper surface of the observation base. The anti-theft protective cover is fixed to the upper surface of the observation base with screws to surround the deformation monitoring prism. The manual monitoring component uses a total station to perform data measurement.

[0008] The GNSS monitoring component includes a 3D choke antenna, a measurement host, a communication antenna, and a lightning rod. The 3D choke antenna is fixedly installed in the middle position of the upper surface of the anti-theft protection cover through a connecting column. The measurement host is set at the side of the observation point and is fixed by a support column. One end of the support column is fixed to the ground. The measurement host is fixedly installed on the side of the upper end of the support column. The communication antenna is located on the top surface of the support column. The lightning rod is located on the side of the upper end of the support column away from the measurement host.

[0009] As a further description of the present invention, the anti-theft protective cover is a "J"-shaped structure, with both sides of the bottom end fixed to the upper surface of the observation base by bolts, one side is an open design, and a connecting plate is welded in the middle position of the other side, and the monitoring surface of the deformation monitoring prism is located at the side position of the open design.

[0010] As a further description of the present invention, the measuring host includes a box, a host, a socket, a leakage protection switch, and a power supply lightning protection module. The host, socket, leakage protection switch, and power supply lightning protection module are fixedly installed in the box. The box is fixed at a side position on the upper end of the support column. A wire hole is opened on the bottom of the box. The connecting wires of the host, socket, leakage protection switch, and power supply lightning protection module are connected through the wire hole on the bottom of the box. The part of the connecting wire located outside the box is protected by a hot-dip galvanized steel pipe.

[0011] As a further description of the present invention, the GNSS monitoring component also includes a solar power supply module, the solar panels of the solar power supply module are fixedly installed at a certain angle on both sides of the top of the support column, located above the measurement host, and the controller and battery of the solar power supply module are installed in the box.

[0012] As a further description of the present invention, the anti-theft protection cover is made of stainless steel.

[0013] As a further description of the present invention, the interior of the support column is a hollow structure for connecting the components with connecting wires.

[0014] As a further description of the present invention, the installation height of the lightning rod is higher than the height of the communication antenna.

[0015] As a further description of the present invention, a grounding wire is provided in the box of the measuring host. After the grounding wire is connected, it is judged that the grounding resistance of the grounding grid is less than 10 ohms. If the condition is not met, a multi-branch external grounding device is used, and the external length is not greater than the effective length, or the grounding body is buried in a deeper low-resistivity soil, or a resistance reducing agent is used or the soil is replaced.

[0016] As a further description of the present invention, the solar power supply module uses two 100W solar panels and a 100AH ​​battery.

[0017] As a further description of the present invention, a warning mark is provided on the outer side of the connecting plate of the anti-theft protection cover.

[0018] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0019] The present invention discloses a pumped-storage power station dam surface deformation automatic monitoring system that combines manual and GNSS monitoring, including a manual monitoring component, a GNSS monitoring component, and GNSS data settlement software. The monitoring system uses a combination of manual and GNSS monitoring components to monitor the deformation of the dam surface. The monitoring frequencies of manual monitoring and GNSS monitoring are set to different. During daily monitoring, a monitoring method combining GNSS monitoring every two hours with manual monitoring twice a month is adopted. On the one hand, the deformation of the dam surface can be monitored in real time. On the other hand, manual monitoring can promptly correct errors in GNSS monitoring. In this way, real-time monitoring is achieved while ensuring the accuracy of the monitoring results, and the structural state and safety status of the rock mass on the dam surface are monitored in real time to ensure the safe operation of the pumped-storage power station.

[0020] The present invention discloses an automatic surface deformation monitoring system for a pumped-storage power station dam that combines manual and GNSS monitoring. The manual monitoring component includes a deformation monitoring prism and an anti-theft protective cover. The deformation monitoring prism is threadedly connected to the middle position of the upper surface of the observation base. The fixed deformation monitoring prism overcomes the problem of low efficiency of leveling measurement caused by traditional prism connections. The anti-theft protective cover is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the observation base with screws to surround the deformation monitoring prism. This can avoid deviations in the monitoring position of the prism caused by strong winds, thereby avoiding the time spent on re-leveling during measurement and improving the work efficiency of manual monitoring.

[0021] The present invention provides a pumped-storage power station dam surface deformation automatic monitoring system that combines manual and GNSS monitoring. The GNSS monitoring component also includes a solar power supply module. In this way, the automatic monitoring system not only relies on external power supply during real-time monitoring, but can also store electrical energy in environments with high sunlight intensity to avoid power supply in unexpected situations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the automatic monitoring system for pumped storage power station dam surface deformation combined with manual and GNSS proposed by the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the manual monitoring component of the automatic monitoring system for surface deformation of the dam of a pumped storage power station combined with manual and GNSS proposed by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the GNSS monitoring component structure of the pumped storage power station dam surface deformation automatic monitoring system combined with manual and GNSS proposed by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 Three views of the anti-theft protection cover of the pumped storage power station dam surface deformation automatic monitoring system combined with manual and GNSS proposed by the present invention.

[0026] Description of Reference Numerals

[0027] 1- Manual monitoring components,

[0028] 11- Anti-theft protection cover,

[0029] 2-GNSS monitoring component,

[0030] 21-3D choke ring antenna,

[0031] 22- Measurement host,

[0032] 23- Communication antenna,

[0033] 24- Lightning rod,

[0034] 3-Observed base,

[0035] 4-Connecting column,

[0036] 5- Support columns,

[0037] 6-Solar panels. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the following detailed description of the specific embodiments of the present invention is given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It is obvious that the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary persons in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0040] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in various places throughout this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it refer to a separate or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive of other embodiments.

[0041] The present invention is described in detail with reference to schematic diagrams. For ease of illustration, cross-sectional views illustrating device structures may be partially enlarged and not to scale when describing embodiments of the present invention. Furthermore, the schematic diagrams are merely illustrative and should not limit the scope of the present invention. Furthermore, in actual production, the three-dimensional dimensions of length, width, and depth should be included.

[0042] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper, lower, inner, and outer" and other references to orientations or positional relationships are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate and simplify the description of the present invention. They are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first, second, or third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0043] In this disclosure, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "mounted, connected, and connected" should be understood broadly. For example, they may refer to fixed, removable, or integral connections. They may also refer to mechanical, electrical, or direct connections, indirect connections through an intermediary, or internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of these terms in this disclosure.

[0044] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, it shows a specific embodiment of the present invention:

[0045] Example 1

[0046] The automatic surface deformation monitoring system for the dam of a pumped-storage power station, which combines manual and GNSS monitoring, includes a manual monitoring component 1, a GNSS monitoring component 2, and GNSS data settlement software. The manual monitoring component 1 and the GNSS monitoring component 2 are provided in multiple groups and are respectively installed at observation points on the surface of the upper and lower reservoir dams of the pumped-storage power station. The GNSS data settlement software is installed on a dedicated computer in the control center of the dam of the pumped-storage power station. The manual monitoring component 1 is used twice a month, and the CNSS detection component 2 is used in conjunction with the CNSS data settlement software at a frequency of once every two hours.

[0047] In this embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, the monitoring system uses a combination of manual monitoring component 1 and GNSS monitoring component 2 to monitor the deformation of the dam surface. The monitoring frequencies of manual monitoring and GNSS monitoring are set to different. In daily monitoring, a two-hour GNSS monitoring method combined with manual monitoring twice a month is adopted. On the one hand, the deformation of the dam surface can be monitored in real time. On the other hand, manual monitoring can promptly correct the errors in GNSS monitoring. In this way, real-time monitoring is achieved while ensuring the accuracy of the monitoring results, and the structural state and safety status of the rock mass on the dam surface are monitored in real time to ensure the safe operation of the pumped storage power station.

[0048] The manual monitoring component 1 includes a deformation monitoring prism and an anti-theft protective cover 11. The deformation monitoring prism is threadedly connected to the middle position of the upper surface of the observation base 3. The anti-theft protective cover 11 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the observation base 3 with screws to surround the deformation monitoring prism. The manual monitoring component 1 uses a total station to perform data measurement.

[0049] In this embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, the deformation monitoring prism is threadedly connected to the middle position of the upper surface of the observation base 3. The fixed deformation monitoring prism is used to overcome the problem of low efficiency of traditional prism connection leveling measurement. The anti-theft protection cover 11 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the observation base 3 with screws to surround the deformation monitoring prism. This can avoid the deviation of the monitoring position of the prism caused by strong winds, thereby avoiding the time spent on re-leveling during measurement and improving the work efficiency of manual monitoring.

[0050] The GNSS monitoring component 2 includes a 3D choke antenna 21, a measuring host 22, a communication antenna 23, and a lightning rod 24. The 3D choke antenna 21 is fixedly installed in the middle position of the upper surface of the anti-theft protection cover 11 through a connecting column 4. The measuring host 22 is arranged on the side of the observation base 3 and is fixed by a support column 5. One end of the support column 5 is fixed on the ground. The measuring host 22 is fixedly installed on the side of the upper end of the support column 5. The communication antenna 23 is located on the top surface of the support column 5. The lightning rod 24 is located on the side of the upper end of the support column 5 away from the measuring host 22.

[0051] In this embodiment, Figure 3 As shown, the 3D choke antenna obtains the measurement value of the observation point through satellite positioning, and transmits the data to the GNSS data settlement software through the communication antenna 23, realizing real-time remote monitoring, avoiding manual on-site measurement, and improving measurement work efficiency. The measurement host 22 provides support for the normal operation of the GNSS monitoring component 2, and the lightning rod 24 is used to ensure the safe and stable operation of the GNSS monitoring component 2 and avoid the influence of the natural environment on the monitoring results.

[0052] In this embodiment, the pumped-storage power station dam control center, also known as the monitoring center, primarily performs data acquisition. By issuing instructions to the monitoring station's data acquisition device, the computer automatically receives monitoring data at pre-set intervals, converts it, and stores it in a standardized format in raw and compiled databases. It also receives instructions from the host computer (the monitoring center's data processing computer) and issues control instructions to the data acquisition device. The monitoring management station's primary hardware equipment consists of a data acquisition computer and related peripherals. The monitoring center's primary function is to centrally manage the data automatically collected by the monitoring station, other semi-automatic and manually read data, and all project-related safety monitoring documents through a safety monitoring information management and comprehensive analysis system. Monitoring data is analyzed and published through a safety analysis and evaluation system. The primary hardware equipment consists of a data acquisition server and corresponding peripherals (network equipment, storage devices, power supply equipment, etc.). The software primarily includes an operating system, automated monitoring management software system, and database software. This automated monitoring system utilizes existing monitoring centers, data acquisition servers, switches, UPS power supplies, server cabinets, and other components. The data acquisition server is installed with the measurement robot control and monitoring software and the dam safety monitoring automation system software, and connects the measurement data of the measurement robot to the dam safety monitoring automation system software for unified management.

[0053] Example 2

[0054] Specifically, the anti-theft protection cover 11 is a cross-shaped structure, with both sides of the bottom end fixed to the upper surface of the observation base 3 by bolts, one side is an open design, and a connecting plate is welded in the middle position of the other side. The monitoring surface of the deformation monitoring prism is located on the side position of the open design.

[0055] In this embodiment, the anti-theft protective cover 11 is a "J"-shaped structure, conveniently fixed to the upper surface of the observation base 3. This protects the deformation monitoring prism from sun exposure, rain, external impact, displacement, and damage and theft. Furthermore, it shields the on-site observation prism from direct sunlight, minimizing prism reflection errors. This ensures a secure and reliable prism installation, thus ensuring high accuracy and reliability in on-site observation. Its long-term placement at the work site significantly reduces the labor intensity of on-site observations, saving on-site work time and improving work efficiency.

[0056] Specifically, the anti-theft protection cover 11 is made of stainless steel.

[0057] In this embodiment, stainless steel is used for precision production, and it is strong, durable and easy to use.

[0058] Specifically, a warning mark is provided on the outer side surface of the connecting plate of the anti-theft protection cover 11 .

[0059] In this embodiment, damage to the deformation monitoring prism caused by accidental contact by personnel is avoided.

[0060] Example 3

[0061] Specifically, the measuring host 22 includes a box, a host, a socket, a leakage protection switch, and a power supply lightning protection module. The host, socket, leakage protection switch, and power supply lightning protection module are fixedly installed in the box. The box is fixed at a side position on the upper end of the support column. The bottom of the box is provided with a wire hole. The connecting wires of the host, socket, leakage protection switch, and power supply lightning protection module are connected through the wire hole on the bottom of the box. The part of the connecting wire located outside the box is protected by a hot-dip galvanized steel pipe.

[0062] Specifically, the GNSS monitoring component 2 also includes a solar power supply module. The solar panels 6 of the solar power supply module are fixedly installed at a certain angle on both sides of the top of the support column 5, located above the measurement host 22, and the controller and battery of the solar power supply module are installed in the box.

[0063] Specifically, the solar power supply module uses two 100W solar panels and a 100AH ​​battery.

[0064] In this embodiment, a solar power supply module is used, so that the automatic monitoring system not only relies on the power supply of an external power supply during real-time monitoring, but can also store electrical energy in an environment with high sunlight intensity to avoid power supply in unexpected situations.

[0065] Example 4

[0066] Specifically, the interior of the support column 5 is a hollow structure for connecting the components via connecting wires, so that the connecting wires are located inside the support column 5 to avoid damage and extend the service life of the monitoring system.

[0067] Specifically, the installation height of the lightning rod 24 is higher than the height of the communication antenna 23 to ensure the reliability of its lightning protection effect.

[0068] Specifically, a grounding wire is provided in the box of the measuring host 22. After the grounding wire is connected, it is judged that the grounding resistance of the grounding grid is less than 10 ohms. If the condition is not met, a multi-branch external grounding device is used, and the external length is not greater than the effective length, or the grounding body is buried in a deeper low-resistivity soil, or a resistance reducing agent is used or the soil is replaced to ensure a good grounding effect.

[0069] In this embodiment, the above design can further ensure the reliability and effectiveness of the monitoring results of the automatic monitoring system.

[0070] Example 5

[0071] Based on the above embodiment, the manual and GNSS combined pumped storage power station dam surface deformation automatic monitoring system was applied to monitor a pumped storage power station. The specific use process and monitoring results are as follows:

[0072] The total installed capacity of a pumped storage power station is 4×300MW. The power station consists of an upper reservoir, a lower reservoir, a water transmission system, an underground powerhouse cavern complex, and other buildings. The distribution of observation points is as follows:

[0073] (1) Surface deformation monitoring of the upper reservoir dam was carried out by setting up eight surface horizontal displacement measuring points: six on the dam crest (TPs1 to TPs6) and two on the EL386m horse trail (TPs7 to TPs8). Polar coordinate method was used for observation.

[0074] (2) 20 surface horizontal displacement measuring points are arranged for surface deformation monitoring of the lower reservoir dam: 6 measuring points (TPx1-TPx6) on the upstream side of the dam crest, 5 measuring points (TPx7-TPx11) on the downstream side of the dam crest, 4 measuring points (TPx12-TPx15) on the 120m horse trail, 3 measuring points (TPx16-TPx18) on the 100m horse trail, and 2 measuring points (TPx19-TPx20) on the back slope of the dam at pile number 0+181m.

[0075] (3) There are 10 surface horizontal displacement measuring points (TPy1 to TPy10) and 8 surface vertical displacement measuring points (LDy1, LDy2, LDy4, LDy6 to LDy10) on the spillway.

[0076] (4) Two benchmark points are set up at the upper reservoir and the lower reservoir respectively.

[0077] The specific parameters of the GNSS receiver in the actual GNSS monitoring component are:

[0078] (1) Signal tracking: Four satellites and eight frequencies or above, including BeiDou (B1I, B2I), etc.

[0079] (2) Static accuracy: horizontal: ±2.5mm+0.5ppm RMS, vertical: ±5mm+0.5ppm RMS; dynamic accuracy: horizontal: ±8mm+1ppm RMS, vertical: ±15mm+1ppm RMS; (3) Internal noise level: ≤1mm;

[0080] (4) Network communication: built-in 4G full network communication module;

[0081] (5) Output parameters: RTCM32 raw data (static mode), dynamic displacement (dynamic mode), with data output such as displacement, inclination, vibration acceleration, etc.

[0082] (6) Working mode: supports dynamic adjustment of monitoring frequency and MEMS sensor triggering function;

[0083] (7) External interface: It has RS485, RS232 and switch interfaces, and supports external connection to other sensors;

[0084] (8) Integration index: GNSS board, MEMS sensor and 4G module must be integrated into the integrated equipment PCB board, and the host, antenna and protective cover shall adopt an integrated design;

[0085] (9) Average power consumption: ≤1.5W;

[0086] (10) Operating temperature: -35℃~+75℃;

[0087] (11) Salt spray protection: in accordance with the requirements of GB / T 2423.17-2008;

[0088] (12) Vibration resistance: Meet the requirements of GB / T 2423.10-2019 and GB / T 2423.56-2018 for resistance to sinusoidal vibration and random vibration;

[0089] (13) Protection grade: IP68;

[0090] (14) Equipment reliability: MTBF time ≥ 40,000 hours;

[0091] (15) Link security: supports dynamic / static routing functions and IPSEC VPN, with built-in AES / SHA series encryption algorithms;

[0092] The specific parameters of the 3D choke ring antenna in the actual GNSS monitoring component are:

[0093] (1) Frequency range: all constellations and all frequencies;

[0094] (2) Impedance: 50 ohms;

[0095] (3) Polarization: right-hand circular polarization;

[0096] (4) Antenna axial ratio: ≤3dB;

[0097] (5) Horizontal coverage angle: 360°;

[0098] (6) Output standing wave: ≤2.0;

[0099] (7) Maximum gain: 6.5dBi;

[0100] (8) Phase center error: ≤1mm;

[0101] (9) Operating temperature: -45℃~+85℃, humidity 95% non-condensing.

[0102] (10) Explosion-proof;

[0103] The specific parameters of the solar panel in the actual GNSS monitoring component are:

[0104] (1) It is encapsulated with high-efficiency single-crystal silicon solar cells, and the cell conversion efficiency is not less than 19%;

[0105] (2) Photovoltaic module peak power: 100W, 2 pieces;

[0106] (3) Protection requirements: Equipped with high-strength aluminum alloy frame;

[0107] (4) Ambient temperature: -40℃~85℃;

[0108] (5) Impact resistance: Meet the hail impact test (225g steel ball falls vertically from a height of 1m).

[0109] The specific parameters of the battery in the actual GNSS monitoring component are:

[0110] (1) Rated capacity: 100AH;

[0111] (2) Rated voltage: 12V;

[0112] (3) Float charge voltage: 13.5~13.8V;

[0113] (4) Maximum current: 3.6A;

[0114] (5) Other requirements: pass vibration test and pressure difference test.

[0115] The GNSS data settlement software has four configuration options: collection configuration, data processing, formula configuration, and icon configuration, as well as query commands and setting commands. Query commands include query mode, query node, mount device, firmware version, query collection frequency, query torsion angle, query system time, collect data, query threshold value, and other operational instructions. After the device is connected to the network, you can click these commands to perform query tests. Device commands can update the system time and restart the collector, and save settings. Collection configuration can set active upload and platform-dispatched collection (active upload is a sleep mode that can effectively reduce energy consumption. Platform-dispatched collection is a continuous online mode), device mode (horizontal layout, vertical layout, circular layout), and configure node spacing, installation torsion angle, initial offset angle, set jitter threshold, push settings, set APN, set data mode, collection settings, firmware restart / upgrade, etc.

[0116] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Various changes can be made within the knowledge of ordinary technicians in this field without departing from the scope of the present invention.

[0117] Many other changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. The automatic monitoring system for the surface deformation of the pumped storage power station dam, which combines manual and GNSS, is characterized by: The invention comprises a manual monitoring component (1), a GNSS monitoring component (2), and GNSS data settlement software, wherein the manual monitoring component (1) and the GNSS monitoring component (2) are provided in multiple groups and are respectively installed at observation point positions on the surface of the upper and lower reservoir dams of the pumped storage power station, and the GNSS data settlement software is installed on a dedicated computer in the dam control center of the pumped storage power station, and the manual monitoring component (1) is used twice a month, and the CNSS detection component (2) is used in conjunction with the CNSS data settlement software and is used once every two hours; The manual monitoring component (1) includes a deformation monitoring prism and an anti-theft protection cover (11). The deformation monitoring prism is threadedly connected to the middle position of the upper surface of the observation base (3). The anti-theft protection cover (11) is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the observation base (3) using screws to surround the deformation monitoring prism. The manual monitoring component (1) uses a total station to perform data measurement; The GNSS monitoring component (2) includes a 3D choke antenna (21), a measuring host (22), a communication antenna (23), and a lightning rod (24). The 3D choke antenna (21) is fixedly mounted on the middle position of the upper surface of the anti-theft protection cover (11) through a connecting column (4). The measuring host (22) is arranged on the side of the observation base (3) and is fixed by a support column (5). One end of the support column (5) is fixed on the ground. The measuring host (22) is fixedly mounted on the side of the upper end of the support column (5). The communication antenna (23) is located on the top surface of the support column (5). The lightning rod (24) is located on the side of the upper end of the support column (5) away from the measuring host (22).

2. The automatic monitoring system for surface deformation of a pumped storage power station dam using manual and GNSS combined detection according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The anti-theft protection cover (11) is a "F"-shaped structure, with both sides of the bottom end fixed to the upper surface of the observation base (3) by bolts, one side is an open design, and a connecting plate is welded in the middle of the other side. The monitoring surface of the deformation monitoring prism is located at the side position of the open design.

3. The automatic monitoring system for pumped storage power station dam surface deformation combined with manual and GNSS according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The measuring host (22) comprises a box, a host, a socket, a leakage protection switch, and a power supply lightning protection module. The host, the socket, the leakage protection switch, and the power supply lightning protection module are fixedly installed in the box. The box is fixed at a side position of the upper end of the support column. The bottom surface of the box is provided with a threading hole. The connecting wires of the host, the socket, the leakage protection switch, and the power supply lightning protection module are connected through the threading hole on the bottom surface of the box. The portion of the connecting wire located outside the box is protected by a hot-dip galvanized steel pipe.

4. The automatic monitoring system for pumped storage power station dam surface deformation combined with manual and GNSS according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The GNSS monitoring component (2) further comprises a solar power supply module, wherein the solar panels (6) of the solar power supply module are fixedly mounted at a certain angle on both sides of the top of the support column (5) and located above the measurement host (22), and the controller and battery of the solar power supply module are mounted in the box.

5. The automatic monitoring system for pumped storage power station dam surface deformation combined with manual and GNSS according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The anti-theft protection cover (11) is made of stainless steel.

6. The automatic monitoring system for pumped storage power station dam surface deformation combined with manual and GNSS according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The interior of the support column (5) is a hollow structure, which is used for connecting the components with connecting wires.

7. The automatic monitoring system for pumped storage power station dam surface deformation combined with manual and GNSS according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The installation height of the lightning rod (24) is higher than the height of the communication antenna (23).

8. The automatic monitoring system for pumped storage power station dam surface deformation combined with manual and GNSS according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A grounding wire is provided in the box of the measuring host (22). After the grounding wire is connected, it is judged that the grounding resistance of the grounding grid is less than 10 ohms. If the condition is not met, a multi-branch external grounding device is used, and the external lead length is not greater than the effective length, or the grounding body is buried in a deeper low-resistivity soil, or a resistance reducing agent is used or the soil is replaced.

9. The automatic monitoring system for pumped storage power station dam surface deformation combined with manual and GNSS according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The solar power supply module uses two 100W solar panels and a 100AH ​​battery.

10. The automatic monitoring system for pumped storage power station dam surface deformation combined with manual and GNSS according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A warning mark is provided on the outer side of the connecting plate of the anti-theft protection cover (11).

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