Method and system for determining parameter of high temperature liquid

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for determining at least one parameter of a high-temperature liquid using a sensor unit and to a system for carrying out the method. A measuring probe which releasably carries the sensor unit is provided to an acceleration device which accelerates the sensor unit after the sensor unit is separated from the measuring probe. The acceleration device is provided at a distance DA from the high temperature liquid surfaces, and the distance DA between the high temperature liquid surfaces is less than 50% of the distance DM from the high temperature liquid surfaces to the container opening. The sensor unit emits in the direction of the high temperature liquid, is submerged below the surface, and measures a parameter of interest. The invention also relates to a system suitable for carrying out the method according to the invention and to a metallurgical vessel comprising the system according to the invention.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a method for determining at least one parameter of a high-temperature liquid using a sensor unit and a system for implementing the method. The invention also relates to a metallurgical vessel comprising the system according to the invention.

[0002] During the metal manufacturing process employed, in particular, in the steel industry, several parameters of the metal melt are critical to the control of the metallurgical process, such as the bath chemistry or temperature of such a melt. For economic and quality reasons, the ability to continuously and / or periodically monitor these variables is highly desirable. Accurate monitoring can significantly reduce energy consumption caused by overheating. Other benefits of continuous monitoring include the ability to measure high-temperature phase transitions, chemical reactions, and other related phenomena.

[0003] Methods and apparatus for determining these process-related parameters are known in the art and typically involve the use of at least a disposable probe that carries a sensor. Typically, the probe is in the form of a drop-in unit or brought below the melt surface by means of a lance assembly. The lance assembly can be operated manually, fully automatically, or semi-automatically. The sensor is typically connected via wires or cables to processing equipment for processing the recorded data, although wireless data transmission has also been described. The data is collected and processed in real time or near real time, providing operators of the metallurgical facility with critical information regarding the progress or status of the metallurgical process occurring within the vessel.

[0004] The lance assembly used to insert the probe into the molten metal requires numerous parts, including at least one measuring head carrying a disposable sensor and the lance itself. The lance is immersed into the melt through an opening in the vessel (i.e., close to the molten metal), which causes metal splashing and is a hazardous operation, particularly when manually operated. In order to insert such a lance into the molten metal, the operation of the metallurgical vessel must be interrupted to open it, which reduces process yield. Measurement quality varies depending on the operator used. Measurement accuracy depends on several parameters, such as the depth and speed of immersion of the probe into the liquid metal melt. Immersing too slowly can lead to premature probe burnout and erroneous measurements. If the probe is not immersed deeply enough, the temperature may become unstable, or the oxygen sensor's electromotive force may become unreliable. Manual operation of such lances is also undesirable from a safety perspective—the general trend in industry is to achieve as much "unmanned" operation as possible.

[0005] Automatically operated devices address this problem but require more extensive equipment and maintenance. Such devices also rely on the insertion of the probe through a relatively large opening. Furthermore, any equipment close to the vessel is susceptible to thermal or mechanical damage, and the required opening must remain free of obstruction.

[0006] Furthermore, as described, for example, in WO 2015070316 A1, a new probe must be mounted on the spray gun after each measurement, which may require additional components, process steps, and extend the time interval between subsequent measurements.

[0007] Particularly in the field of electric arc furnaces (EAFs), there are currently only limited methods available for determining the parameters of molten metal, which can be performed during the operation of the vessel. EAFs produce steel by using an electric arc to melt one or more charges of scrap metal, hot metal, iron-based materials or other fusible materials placed in the furnace. In a common procedure in EAFs, an operator manually inserts a lance carrying a suitable sensor into the furnace through the slag door, which is a relatively wide opening in the furnace shell wall. When the slag door is opened, any slag and metal caught at the door opening must be cleared to allow the insertion of the measurement probe. Such an invasive step is highly undesirable because it disturbs the environment within the vessel during the metallurgical process. In addition, energy is wasted due to the intake of cold ambient air through the slag door when the slag door is open.

[0008] For measurements using drop-in sensors, the measuring probe is dropped into the vessel containing the melt. Suitable probes are disclosed, for example, in EP 0758445 A1. In current practice, the sensor is introduced from a relatively high altitude, typically 10 to 20 meters above the molten metal surface, from a position above the vessel containing the molten metal. Due to the design of EAFs, where the electrodes are positioned above the vessel, such sensors cannot be used in these facilities.

[0009] Several probes can be stored in a box, and one probe is released from the box for each measurement. The probe falls in free fall, is accelerated by gravity, and dives into the molten metal. Therefore, the final velocity of the probe when it reaches the surface of the molten metal is determined by the distance between the drop station and the molten metal. The probe needs to have a certain mass in order to dive deep enough below the melt surface to obtain reliable measurement data. Additional components (such as a balancing body) that provide the required orientation of the sensor are required independently of the recording of the measurement itself in order to provide reliable data. Therefore, drop-in sensors introduce relatively large amounts of additional contaminating material into the molten material to be measured. In addition, the immersion point cannot be reliably controlled.

[0010] Molten metal is typically covered with a layer of slag during its production, thereby subjecting any probe or sensor passing through it to increased corrosive conditions, regardless of the specific method used. It is therefore desirable to minimize as much as possible the duration of exposure of the sensor to the slag.

[0011] Known injection devices used in the metallurgical field are used to introduce liquid and / or granular materials for the pyrometallurgical treatment of molten metals. In particular, in EAFs, such injectors are used to blow oxygen-enriched gas, lime, and / or carbonaceous particles into metallurgical vessels. Typically, these devices are positioned near the surface of the liquid metal to be treated through appropriate openings in the vessel. Typically, such injectors are provided as combined units located in a so-called cold box, which is a protective compartment provided adjacent to the interior of the vessel. During operation, all openings are typically kept free of obstructions by a stream of nitrogen or compressed air. Therefore, further openings are undesirable because increased gas demand would increase operating costs. Therefore, it would be advantageous to provide a method for further utilizing available openings.

[0012] In view of the prior art, there is a need for an improved measurement method and system that allows non-invasive measurements without or with minimal (human) intervention, insertion of a spray gun, or comparable invasive actions. Furthermore, there is a need for a fast and reliable method that can be performed at high frequencies and provides reproducible results. Furthermore, the mass of material introduced by the measurement should be minimized.

[0013] It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an improved method for determining at least one parameter of a high temperature liquid, such as molten metal, using a sensor unit, which solves at least one of the problems discussed above.

[0014] In particular, one of the objects is to provide an improved method which allows the use of a simplified sensor unit with reduced weight and number of components. Furthermore, it is an object of the invention to provide a method for obtaining parameters when the sensor unit is at a certain immersion depth below the surface of a hot liquid.

[0015] An additional aspect of the object of the present invention is to provide a method which allows simplifying the hardware required to implement the method.Furthermore, the sensor unit should be introduced into the container containing the high temperature liquid using an available entry point in the container with the high temperature liquid.

[0016] A further object is to reduce as much as possible the time that the sensor unit is exposed to the environment in the container before being immersed in the hot liquid.

[0017] Another object of the present invention is to provide a system configured to implement the method of the present invention.

[0018] Another object of the invention is to provide a system for implementing the method according to the invention which allows parameter determination with reduced effort and expense in terms of equipment, control technology and organization, while achieving increased reliability and quality of the measurements obtained.

[0019] Another object of the present invention is to provide a metallurgical vessel comprising a system configured to enable the implementation of the method of the present invention.

[0020] Another object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus comprising an acceleration device configured to be able to implement the method of the present invention.

[0021] These objects are achieved by the subject matter defined in the independent claims.

[0022] The present invention provides a method for determining at least one parameter of a high-temperature liquid using a sensor unit,

[0023] wherein the high temperature liquid comprises a surface and is provided in a metallurgical vessel, the metallurgical vessel comprising a top opening opposite the surface of the high temperature liquid, and the surface of the high temperature liquid level has a position L M , which is located at a distance D from the top opening of the metallurgical vessel M At, the method comprises:

[0024] (a) The distance D between the surface of the high-temperature liquid and the top opening of the metallurgical vessel A providing an acceleration device above the surface of the high temperature liquid, wherein the acceleration device is adapted to increase a speed of the sensor unit;

[0025] (b) providing a measurement probe to the acceleration device, wherein the measurement probe carries the sensor unit, and wherein the sensor unit is detachable from the measurement probe;

[0026] (c) the sensor unit is separated from the measuring probe;

[0027] (d) accelerating the sensor unit using the acceleration device;

[0028] (e) launching the sensor unit in the direction of the high-temperature liquid;

[0029] (f) immersing the sensor unit below the surface of the high-temperature liquid;

[0030] (g) measuring at least one parameter of the high temperature liquid;

[0031] This is characterized by D A <50% D M .

[0032] The steps of the method are performed in the sequential order given.

[0033] Surprisingly, it has been discovered that accelerating the sensor unit beyond gravity alone provides several advantages. The probe housing the sensor unit can be reduced in weight, size, and component count. The reduced material requirements lead to lower costs and a reduction in contaminating materials introduced into the high-temperature liquid. This miniaturization of the sensor and associated carrier probe, in turn, allows the sensor unit to be introduced through a reduced-size opening that was previously inaccessible using prior art methods.

[0034] Furthermore, the acceleration device is placed at a short distance from the hot liquid, further minimizing the sensor unit's exposure to the vessel environment. In metallurgical facilities, entry points for processing molten metal are often located at a short distance from the metal surface and, due to the harsh environment, are considered unsuitable for use as entry points for measurement equipment. The present method allows these entry points to serve a dual purpose: introducing both process material and sensor units. This method expands the possibilities for obtaining reliable data, particularly in vessels lacking topside access for measuring equipment.

[0035] Another advantage of the method of the present invention is that it is performed entirely without the use of a lance, further reducing the need for components such as drive units or control devices for operation. Therefore, the method can be applied to virtually any metallurgical vessel. Furthermore, the need for human interaction is minimized, enhancing operational safety. This offers the additional advantage, particularly in EAFs, of not requiring the slag door to be opened for measurement. Furthermore, interruptions to the metallurgical facility can be minimized to obtain the desired parameters; in particular, the method is applicable during continuous operation. This minimizes overall operating costs, particularly the required energy input, and increases the throughput of the metallurgical facility and the quality of the products produced.

[0036] Another factor that reduces the system's requirements in terms of installation and maintenance is the simplified handling system, which can be positioned at a short distance from the vessel containing the high temperature liquid.

[0037] Furthermore, due to the controlled angle and speed of immersion, this approach allows for reproducible impact areas of the sensor unit on and within the surface of the high temperature liquid.

[0038] The present invention relates to determining parameters of high-temperature liquids. A high-temperature liquid is understood to be a liquid having a temperature above 600°C, preferably above 800°C, and more preferably above 1000°C. The temperature of the high-temperature liquid may, for example, be in the range of 1000°C to 1900°C, more preferably in the range of 1200°C to 1800°C, and even more preferably in the range of 1400°C to 1700°C.

[0039] The nature of the high-temperature liquid is not further limited. Preferably, the high-temperature liquid is a melt of a material having a melting point above 500°C, in particular a melt of a metal, cryolite, or glass. Preferably, the high-temperature liquid is a molten metal, most preferably molten steel. The terms "molten" or "molten metal" do not exclude the presence of any solid or gaseous portion, including, for example, non-molten portions of the corresponding metal. The temperature of the metal melt varies and generally depends on the composition of the metal and the stage of the melting process.

[0040] In the case of a metal melt, the melt may be covered with a layer of slag. The term "slag" refers to a non-steel byproduct typically produced in steelmaking furnaces and typically present as a molten material floating on top of the molten metal. The slag may include metal oxides, metal sulfides, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, magnesia, dolomite, iron oxide, aluminum oxide, manganese oxide, silicon dioxide, sulfur, phosphorus, or a combination thereof. To obtain reliable measurements, a sensor introduced into the melt should pass through the slag layer as quickly as possible to minimize corrosion before reaching the final point of measurement and the slag material freezes onto the cold sensor. This frozen layer needs to melt when the sensor finally reaches the molten metal before a reliable measurement can be made, thereby extending the time the sensor must withstand the decomposition environment of the molten metal.

[0041] The high-temperature liquid is provided in a metallurgical vessel. In other words, the high-temperature liquid is provided in the form of a molten pool in a suitable container. The high-temperature liquid includes a surface and, therefore, also includes a bottom side. The bottom side should be understood as the side of the molten pool of the high-temperature liquid that is in contact with the interior of the metallurgical vessel opposite the surface.

[0042] The metallurgical vessel may be any vessel suitable for containing high temperature liquids, which may for example be a metal processing vessel or furnace, in particular an electric arc furnace. In a preferred embodiment, the metallurgical vessel is an electric arc furnace.

[0043] The metallurgical vessel comprises a bottom and a top opening opposite the bottom. The bottom should be understood as a portion of the metallurgical vessel which is at least partially in contact with the hot liquid, in particular with the bottom side of the hot liquid bath. The surface of the hot liquid level has a position L M , the distance from the top opening of the metallurgical container is D M .

[0044] Preferably, the metallurgical vessel includes facilities fixedly mounted thereon or thereto. Such facilities may, for example, be heating devices, electrodes, measuring devices, or devices for handling high-temperature liquids. In the case of molten metal, such molten metal handling devices may, for example, be carbon injectors, lime injectors, oxygen lances, oxy-fuel lances, or air-fuel burners.

[0045] A metallurgical vessel generally includes an interior surface defining an interior volume, wherein the interior volume is adapted to contain a bath of high-temperature liquid, such as molten metal or molten glass. As used herein, the term "molten metal bath" is particularly used to describe the metal melt within the metallurgical vessel. The interior surface of the metallurgical vessel may include a bottom and at least one sidewall or multiple sidewalls.

[0046] Typically, such metallurgical vessels also include at least one entry point through which a hot liquid, preferably a molten metal bath, can be accessed and / or processed. Such an entry point may be located in a sidewall. In the case of an EAF, multiple openings may be used: a larger opening, often referred to as a slag door, and entry points located in the sidewall.

[0047] The present invention provides a method for determining a parameter of a high-temperature liquid. The parameter may be a physical, chemical or metallurgical parameter, such as temperature, the presence and / or concentration of chemical compounds, in particular oxygen content, carbon content, hydrogen content, nitrogen content, aluminum content or chemical composition.

[0048] "Determining a parameter" may be used herein as a synonym for measuring a parameter. According to preferred embodiments, the parameter may be determined by a single point measurement or a multi-point measurement. The determination may include determining a single parameter or a combination of more than one parameter. For example, the determination may include measuring the oxygen content of a high temperature liquid. The determination may also include measuring the oxygen content and the temperature.

[0049] A parameter of the high-temperature liquid is determined using a sensor unit. In other words, the sensor unit is adapted to measure at least one parameter of the high-temperature liquid. It should be understood that the sensor unit includes at least one sensing element; it may also include additional components. The sensor unit is generally configured as a disposable component that dissolves or burns in the high-temperature liquid after determining the parameter. Portions of the sensor unit may have dissolved before or during the determination of the parameter.

[0050] The sensor unit comprises a sensing element which may be at least one selected from the group consisting of: an electrochemical sensor, an electromagnetic sensor, an optical sensor, a thermoelectric sensor, a sensor for detecting voltage, a sensor for detecting current, a sensor for detecting resistance or a combination of any of said sensors, so that a combined measurement of several parameters can be performed.

[0051] In particular, the sensor unit may comprise a thermocouple for measuring the temperature of the high temperature liquid and / or an electrochemical cell, preferably an electrochemical cell for determining the oxygen activity of the high temperature liquid.

[0052] An electrochemical cell, particularly one used to determine oxygen activity, may include a solid electrolyte tube that is closed at one end and contains a reference material and an electrode at the closed end. Such a sensor is disclosed, for example, in EP 0 059 222 A1. The electrochemical cell may also be provided as a needle sensor, comprising a conductive wire serving as an electrode having at least a solid electrolyte coating and a reference material coating. Such a sensor is disclosed, for example, in US Pat. No. 5,332,449 A.

[0053] The sensor unit may include a bath contact. A bath contact is understood to be a conductive device that provides electrical contact between the sensor unit and the high-temperature liquid. The bath contact may be made of metal, such as molybdenum (Mo) or steel. The bath contact may be annular or rod-shaped; preferably, the bath contact is annular. When the sensor unit includes a thermocouple, such an annular bath contact preferably surrounds the thermocouple.

[0054] A preferred sensor unit comprises a needle sensor for determining oxygen activity, a thermocouple (preferably enclosed in a quartz sheath) and an annular bath contact surrounding the thermocouple. Such a sensor unit has a compact and robust design, which allows miniaturization of the measuring probe that carries it.

[0055] Preferably, the sensing element of the sensor unit is embedded in an immersion body. Such an immersion body is provided with a sheath in such a manner that the sensing element remains operational for the duration of the measurement. Furthermore, once the sensor unit is immersed, the immersion body is aligned with the sensor unit so that the sensing element has the proper orientation and measurement position for determining the parameter of interest. Furthermore, the immersion body preferably surrounds the connections between the sensing element and the signal lines, providing further protection for these sensitive and critical components of the sensor unit. Preferably, the immersion body is made of a thermally insulating material, typically metal. In preferred embodiments, the immersion body is made of steel, stainless steel, or copper.

[0056] Preferably, the sensor unit has a weight of less than 1500g, more preferably less than 1000g, even more preferably less than 800g, and most preferably less than 500g. Currently used drop-in sensors weigh in the range of 4kg to 6kg. The inventive method allows for a significant reduction in this weight, reducing the amount of material introduced into the high-temperature liquid and, due to the material savings, additionally lowering production costs. Furthermore, the measurement is only minimally affected by the cold mass introduced by the lightweight sensor unit, allowing for reliable and accurate data to be obtained.

[0057] Preferably, the sensor unit has a higher density than the density of the high-temperature liquid. It has proven to be particularly advantageous if the density of the sensor unit is at least 5% higher, more preferably at least 8% higher, even more preferably more than 10% higher than the density of the high-temperature liquid. The density of the sensor unit may be higher than 7.2 g / cm 3 , more preferably higher than 7.5 g / cm 3 .

[0058] Preferably, the sensor unit does not include additional weight or floating components. Due to the high velocity of the sensor unit provided by the acceleration device, further balancing of the sensor unit is not required. Consequently, the sensor unit design can be simplified and miniaturized. This miniaturization further allows the sensor unit to be introduced into the metallurgical vessel through available entry points for which conventional drop-in sensors or lance systems are too large.

[0059] Preferably, the sensor unit is configured to be connected to a processing unit.Such a processing unit is configured to process the measurement data from the sensor unit and determine parameters of the high temperature liquid.

[0060] The sensor unit may be covered with a protective element that covers the sensing element during handling and resists damage caused by impacts with the hot liquid surface. Preferably, the sensor unit is covered with a protective cap that encapsulates at least the sensing element and is formed from a material that dissolves or melts in the hot liquid. It should be understood that such a protective element is not part of the sensor unit when considering the density of the sensor unit.

[0061] The sensor unit preferably includes a contact element adapted to connect the sensor unit to a suitable device for transmitting measurement data, preferably to a signal line. The sensor unit typically comprises an immersion end and a contact end. Advantageously, the contact element is arranged on or in the contact end of the sensor unit. Such a contact element allows for simple installation of the sensor unit in or at the measuring probe, stabilizes contact with the signal line, and reduces forces on the sensor unit during acceleration.

[0062] The method according to the present invention includes providing an acceleration device adapted to increase the speed of the sensor unit. In other words, the acceleration device is adapted to launch the sensor unit in a predetermined direction. Therefore, the acceleration device is dimensioned, configured, and arranged to accommodate the passage of the sensor unit.

[0063] The acceleration device is provided above the surface of the high-temperature liquid. In other words, the acceleration device is provided above the highest permissible level of the high-temperature liquid surface. The highest permissible level is the level of the high-temperature liquid reached when the container is filled to its maximum fill capacity of the high-temperature liquid. "Above" with respect to the high-temperature liquid in the container refers to a position above zero level, which exists at the bottom of the container. In a configuration where the high-temperature liquid is covered with another material layer (e.g., a slag layer), the acceleration device is provided above the other material layer (if preferred).

[0064] Preferably, the acceleration device is adapted to separate the sensor unit from the at least one further component of the measurement probe and to accelerate the sensor unit. It should be understood that the at least one further component of the measurement probe is not accelerated.

[0065] In the case where the sensor unit is connected to the processing unit via a signal line (e.g., a cable or wire), the signal line is not specifically accelerated by the acceleration device, but is pulled behind the accelerated sensor unit. However, a certain portion of the signal line, especially the portion directly connected to the sensor unit, will naturally also be accelerated by the acceleration device.

[0066] The accelerator is provided at a distance D from the surface of the high temperature liquid. A and the distance D between the high temperature liquid surface A Less than the distance D from the high-temperature liquid surface to the container opening M 50% (D A <50% D M ). In other words, the acceleration device is preferably positioned below half the distance from the high temperature liquid to the top opening of the container including it.

[0067] It was previously assumed that placing the sensor unit near the hot liquid—that is, in an installation prior to its introduction into the metallurgical vessel—would not be feasible because the gravitational velocity achieved over the significantly shortened travel distance would be insufficient for proper impact with the hot liquid's surface. Surprisingly, it has been discovered that such positioning of the acceleration device is not only suitable but even advantageous for carrying out the method according to the present invention, even when the distance to the hot liquid surface is significantly shorter than in conventional installations. Furthermore, it allows for several advantages. The location near the hot liquid surface shortens the distance the sensor unit must travel through the interior of the metallurgical vessel, which reduces the required amount of protective devices and / or material for the sensor unit and the length of the required signal lines, resulting in reduced material requirements and, therefore, lower manufacturing costs for disposable components. Furthermore, the sensor unit's residence time inside the vessel prior to immersion in the hot liquid is reduced, thereby reducing the corrosive effects of the high-temperature environment.

[0068] It is preferable that the distance D A Less than the distance D from the high-temperature liquid surface to the container openingM 40% (D A <40% D M ), it may even be preferable that the distance D A Less than the distance D from the high-temperature liquid surface to the container opening M 30% (D A <30% D M ).

[0069] Preferably, the acceleration device is positioned in and / or on a side wall of the metallurgical vessel in which the hot liquid is supplied. Thus, the acceleration device is preferably positioned laterally to the surface of the hot liquid, in other words, laterally to the hot liquid. Previously, it was assumed that lateral placement of the sensor unit, i.e., provision of it prior to introduction into the metallurgical vessel, was not feasible in an apparatus because the harsh environment at these locations was unsuitable as an access point. Surprisingly, it has been found that lateral positioning of the acceleration device is not only suitable but even advantageous for carrying out the method according to the invention, even when the distance to the hot liquid surface is significantly shorter than in conventional installations.

[0070] The accelerator can extend into or abut the volume of the metallurgical vessel containing the hot liquid through an opening in the sidewall of the metallurgical vessel. In other words, the accelerator preferably extends through the sidewall of the vessel. Positioning the accelerator at the side of the molten pool is particularly advantageous where access is not possible from a vertical position above the vessel or from a slag door. This is particularly advantageous in EAF facilities that are covered by a removable cover and include electrodes introduced through the cover.

[0071] It may be preferred that the accelerating device is removably mounted.Where the vessel is a metallurgical vessel, when side walls are provided, the accelerating device may be anchored in an insulating layer of the side wall.

[0072] The accelerating device may be oriented downwardly through the sidewall of the metallurgical vessel toward the hot liquid. In a preferred embodiment, the angle between the accelerating device and the inner surface of the sidewall facing the hot liquid is at least 25°, more preferably at least 30°, and even more preferably at least 35°. Preferably, the angle is in the range between 25° and 75°, more preferably between 35° and 65°.

[0073] In a preferred embodiment, the metallurgical vessel is an EAF including a slag door, and the accelerating device is not mounted in, at, or on the slag door.

[0074] The accelerator typically includes a loading end with a loading opening and a front end with an exit opening. The loading opening is adapted to insert a measurement probe carrying a sensor unit. It should be understood that the accelerator is therefore configured to accommodate the measurement probe carrying the sensor unit. The exit opening is adapted to allow the sensor unit to exit the accelerator after acceleration. Preferably, the distance between the loading opening and the exit opening is less than 2 meters, more preferably less than 1.5 meters, and even more preferably less than 1.3 meters. The distance between the loading opening and the exit opening can, for example, be in the range of 0.3 to 1.5 meters, preferably in the range of 0.5 to 1.3 meters.

[0075] The acceleration device is configured to accelerate the sensor unit along an acceleration path extending between the loading end and the exit opening. In other words, the acceleration path is the path along which the sensor unit accelerates within the acceleration device during acceleration. The acceleration path typically does not begin at the loading end, as the measuring probe supporting the sensor unit and the sensor unit itself may have a certain length. Prior to acceleration, the sensor unit is positioned a certain distance from the loading end in the direction of the exit opening. In other words, when the sensor unit is provided to the acceleration device and after separation from the measuring probe, the acceleration path begins at the location of the sensor unit. In a preferred embodiment, the acceleration path is a straight line. Preferably, the acceleration path is parallel to the central longitudinal axis of the acceleration device along its length, and more preferably, the acceleration path is coaxial with the central longitudinal axis. In other words, the sensor unit is preferably accelerated centrally within the acceleration device. Preferably, the acceleration path is at least 0.2 m long, and more preferably at least 0.4 m long. The length of the acceleration path may, for example, range from 0.2 m to 1.4 m, preferably from 0.4 m to 1.2 m.

[0076] Preferably, the accelerating means comprises a hollow elongate member, such as a tube. Preferably, the accelerating means comprises a tube. In such a case, the accelerating path is preferably positioned parallel to a central longitudinal axis of the hollow elongate member.

[0077] After acceleration, the sensor unit may be ejected from the hollow elongated member through the outlet opening.

[0078] The front end of the acceleration device may be flush with the inside of the side wall of the container, or it may extend beyond the side wall and thus be positioned within the volume of the container.

[0079] The front end may comprise a nozzle. In one embodiment, the end of the acceleration device directed or directed towards the hot liquid is realized as a Laval nozzle. This enables the purge gas flow to be introduced into the metallurgical vessel at high and / or supersonic speed.

[0080] The acceleration device can be operated by any mechanism known to those skilled in the art, for example by a pneumatic mechanism, a hydraulic mechanism, a mechanical mechanism (such as a push mechanism or a spring, in particular a preloaded spring) or an electromagnetic mechanism. In a preferred embodiment, the acceleration device comprises a pneumatic device configured as an acceleration sensor unit, such a device may include a compressed gas supply.

[0081] In the case of a pneumatic mechanism, a gas flow is used to accelerate the sensor unit. In the context of the present invention, the term gas refers to any gaseous material, such as a gas, a gas mixture and / or a dispersion having a gas as a continuous medium. Therefore, the gas flow can be a flow of a mixture of gases such as air. In particular, the accelerator can be operated by pressurized air or nitrogen. Typically, gas pipelines are resistant to high temperatures, which makes them particularly suitable for use in high-temperature environments. Pneumatically driven accelerators are further advantageous because only minimal equipment needs to be installed near the operating point, and the installation only requires mechanical parts that can be designed in a robust manner. Therefore, facilities with low maintenance requirements can be utilized. In addition, and in particular in metallurgical vessels, such gas flows can additionally be used to prevent the ingress of slag that could cause clogging of the accelerator.

[0082] In embodiments with a pneumatic mechanism, the accelerator is preferably provided with an inlet or coupling for introducing a gas stream, preferably a pressurized gas stream, into the interior of the accelerator. The gas stream is then discharged through an outlet opening during operation. The accelerator is preferably connected to at least one gas line for connection to a high-pressure gas source to generate a gas stream within the accelerator along the acceleration path. Preferably, the inlet or coupling for introducing the gas stream is positioned laterally on the accelerator.

[0083] The acceleration device may include a second inlet or coupling for introducing a second gas stream. Such a second gas stream may be provided as a purge gas stream that may be permanently applied during processing operations of the metallurgical vessel. The purge gas stream may be used to keep the hollow space within the acceleration device free of debris from the hot liquid and ensure reliable operation.

[0084] In a preferred embodiment, the acceleration device is permanently purged with a purge gas flow, and an additional gas flow is applied during acceleration of the sensor unit. Thus, the use of pressurized gas can be minimized.

[0085] Preferably, the accelerating device is made of a suitable temperature-resistant material, such as a ceramic material, a metal or an alloy. Preferably, the accelerating device is made of steel or stainless steel.

[0086] The acceleration device may comprise means for releasing the sensor unit from the rest of the probe if the sensor unit is provided within such a probe, such as an ejector for releasing the sensor unit or a mechanical device configured to separate the sensor unit from a carrier element of the measuring probe.

[0087] During metallurgical treatment, chemicals such as lime, calcium, carbon, oxygen, aluminum and silicon, which are usually in a specific form, can be introduced into the molten metal to change the chemical composition of the metal. The device for such insertion may be, for example, an air blast lance or injection system, which is used to actively process high-temperature liquids with additives in the form of particles or gas. An air blast lance is a lance through which a gas stream can be blown into a metallurgical vessel. The gas stream may include other elements for processing the molten metal. In addition, a device for introducing chemical energy in the form of a fluid (particularly a gas) is generally provided to heat and / or process the molten metal, such as a burner or an oxygen injector. Such devices are generally permanently or removably mounted at the metallurgical vessel and are introduced through an opening that is often positioned just above the level of the molten metal. In order to ensure that the opening toward the molten metal remains open, such facilities are purged with a permanent gas stream (mainly compressed air or nitrogen).

[0088] In a preferred embodiment, the acceleration device is provided in or on an insertion device adapted to insert fluid and / or particles into a high-temperature liquid. In other words, the acceleration device can be provided as a dual-function device. This helps prevent metal, slag, and / or debris from penetrating the injection device and / or the acceleration device's feed channel. Consequently, installation of the acceleration system can be facilitated in a space-saving manner, further reducing installation costs.

[0089] In particular, the installation of the pneumatically driven acceleration device in or on the insertion device allows for an advantageous installation requiring only a minimum number of additional components and a small footprint within the limited space available in metallurgical facilities. No movable parts need to be present near the vessel, thereby reducing the risk of time-consuming accidents.

[0090] The method according to the present invention includes providing a measurement probe carrying a sensor unit to an accelerometer. It should be understood that "providing the measurement probe to the accelerometer" includes loading the measurement probe onto or into the accelerometer. In other words, after this step, the accelerometer is loaded and / or in contact with the measurement probe.

[0091] A measuring probe is understood to be a device configured to provide a sensor unit and / or sensing element prior to use. In other words, a measuring probe comprises a sensor unit and at least one additional element. For example, such a probe may include a protective element for carrying and / or protecting the sensor unit during transport and storage, connecting elements for electrical and / or mechanical connections, and / or means for transmitting signals generated by the sensor unit as signal lines.

[0092] The sensor unit is detachable from the measurement probe. In other words, the sensor unit is detachable from at least one additional component of the measurement probe. For example, the at least one additional component of the measurement probe may include a first coupling component configured to releasably engage a second coupling component disposed on or near the sensor unit. The at least one additional component of the measurement probe may also include a capture element that releases the sensor unit upon application of a certain force.

[0093] Preferably, the measuring probe comprises a carrier element, preferably a carrier tube, such as a cardboard tube, which can at least partially accommodate the sensor unit and optionally further elements of the measuring probe.Preferably, the measuring probe comprises no elements extending laterally from the carrier element.

[0094] Preferably, the measurement probe comprises at least one signal line configured to connect the sensor unit to the processing unit. The signal line may comprise one or more wires or cables. In such a case, the measurement probe advantageously comprises a probe contact element configured to be connected to the at least one signal line.

[0095] At least one signal line can be wound inside the measuring probe carrying the sensor unit, in particular inside the tube of the measuring probe. For example, one or more signal lines can run through the interior of the carrier tube and be wound around its longitudinal axis inside the carrier tube.

[0096] Alternatively, the sensor unit may comprise means adapted to transmit the measurement data wirelessly to the processing unit. In such case, the sensor unit is adapted to transmit the measurement data to the wireless data signal receiver by means of a radio frequency signal or the like.

[0097] Before being supplied to the acceleration device, the measurement probes can be stored individually or in a storage unit containing a plurality of measurement probes. Such a storage unit makes it particularly possible to automatically trigger a measurement cycle without requiring any manual intervention in the system performing the method according to the present invention. The storage unit thus further enhances the autonomy of such a system, as it can be loaded with several probes simultaneously, and the necessary further interaction is minimized.

[0098] The method according to the invention comprises separating the sensor unit from the measuring probe. In other words, before the acceleration, the sensor unit is released from the further components of the measuring probe.

[0099] This separation can be achieved, for example, by providing a release mechanism with the measuring probe and / or a corresponding release device provided by the acceleration device. The separation can also be performed by an external separation device.

[0100] The method according to the invention comprises accelerating the sensor unit by means of an acceleration device. During the acceleration, the sensor unit is accelerated along an acceleration path of the acceleration device.

[0101] The sensor unit is accelerated with acceleration. As known to those skilled in the art, acceleration is the rate of change of the velocity of an object with respect to time. Acceleration is to be understood as the average acceleration along the acceleration path. Preferably, the acceleration is at least 15 m / s 2 , more preferably at least 20 m / s 2 , even more preferably at least 25 m / s 2 In a preferred embodiment, the acceleration is 15 m / s 2 Up to 80m / s 2 In the range of 25m / s 2 Up to 70m / s 2 Such accelerations allow even lightweight sensor units weighing less than 1500 g or even less than 1000 g to be sufficiently accelerated.

[0102] When the acceleration path has a length between 0.2 m and 1.4 m and the acceleration is 15 m / s 2 Up to 80m / s 2 Such a configuration allows even lightweight sensor units to be accelerated sufficiently and efficiently.

[0103] The acceleration may or may not be constant along the acceleration path. For example, the acceleration may include a rising phase in which the acceleration increases and a constant phase in which the acceleration is constant. The acceleration may include more than one acceleration. For example, the acceleration may include a first acceleration and a second acceleration, preferably the first acceleration is less than the second acceleration.

[0104] Preferably, the exit velocity of the sensor unit is at least 3 m / s, more preferably at least 5 m / s, and even more preferably greater than 8 m / s. In an advantageous embodiment, the exit velocity of the sensor unit is in the range of 3 m / s to 18 m / s, more preferably in the range of 5 m / s to 15 m / s. The exit velocity is to be understood as the velocity of the sensor unit when it is launched from the acceleration device. For lightweight sensor units, for example, those weighing less than 1500 g or even less than 1000 g, a minimum exit velocity has been shown to be particularly advantageous. The minimum exit velocity allows such sensor units to achieve a sufficiently high impact to enter the surface of the hot liquid.

[0105] In a preferred embodiment, the acceleration device comprises an acceleration path shorter than 1.5 m and the sensor unit is accelerated to a speed of at least 5 m / s.Such a configuration allows even a lightweight sensor unit to have a sufficiently high impact when reaching the surface of the hot liquid.

[0106] In a preferred embodiment, the sensor unit has a weight of less than 1000 g, more preferably less than 500 g, and is accelerated to a speed of at least 5 m / s. Such a combination allows even these lightweight sensor units to have a sufficiently high impact when reaching the surface of the high temperature liquid.

[0107] After acceleration, the sensor unit will acquire a certain momentum. As known to those skilled in the art, momentum is the product of the mass and velocity of an object. Preferably, the sensor unit is accelerated to achieve a momentum of at least 1000 g*m / s, more preferably at least 1500 g*m / s, and even more preferably at least 2000 g*m / s. ​​In a preferred embodiment, the momentum is in the range of 1000 g*m / s to 10,000 g*m / s, preferably in the range of 1500 g*m / s to 8000 g*m / s. ​​The minimum momentum allows even lightweight sensor units to achieve a sufficiently high impact to penetrate the surface of a high-temperature liquid.

[0108] In a preferred embodiment, the sensor unit has a weight of less than 1000 g and is accelerated to obtain a momentum of at least 1000 g*m / s.Such a combination allows even these lightweight sensor units to have a sufficiently high impact when reaching the surface of the high temperature liquid.

[0109] The method according to the present invention comprises launching a sensor unit in the direction of a hot liquid. "Launching the sensor unit" means that the sensor unit is released from an acceleration device. Subsequently, the sensor unit moves toward the hot liquid. During this movement, the sensor unit travels along a launch trajectory.

[0110] Preferably, the sensor unit emits at an angle of at least 25°, more preferably at least 30°, and even more preferably at least 35° relative to the surface normal of the hot liquid. The surface normal of the hot liquid is understood to be an axis perpendicular to the surface. It will be understood that the emission angle is primarily determined by the position and orientation of the acceleration device relative to the side wall of the metallurgical vessel. In a configuration of the metallurgical vessel with side walls arranged perpendicular to the surface of the hot liquid, the surface normal is aligned parallel to the side wall. Preferably, the emission angle is in the range between 25° and 75°, more preferably in the range between 35° and 65°. Emission at an angle relative to the surface normal or the side wall allows the sensor unit to reach a certain distance from the side wall before entering the hot liquid, and in this way, more reliable and more representative measurement results are obtained for a generally more homogeneous area.

[0111] Preferably, the emission trajectory is a straight line, in other words, the emission trajectory is not curved. A straight emission trajectory allows for the shortest trajectory length and thereby minimizes the travel time of the sensor unit. It may be preferred that the emission trajectory has a curvature of less than 5°, more preferably less than 3°.

[0112] When the sensor unit is connected to the signal line, for example by means of a wire, a wire or a cable, the signal line is pulled by the sensor unit and moves with it. In the case where the signal line is wound in the measuring probe, the signal line is unwound during this phase.

[0113] The method according to the present invention involves immersing the sensor unit below the surface of the hot liquid. In other words, the sensor unit enters the hot liquid after a period in which it is moved toward the hot liquid at a speed provided by at least the acceleration device. In the case of a molten metal having a slag layer according to the present invention, the sensor unit will move through the slag layer before entering the molten metal.

[0114] The sensor unit is at a distance D from the entry point in the container I The impact point enters the surface of the high temperature liquid. Preferably, the impact point is located at a position smaller than the container diameter (D V ), in other words, D I <50% D V , even more preferably, D I <30% D V Impacting adjacent to the container side wall is advantageous because the distance the sensor unit has to travel within the container is minimized.

[0115] The sensor unit is preferably immersed at an angle of less than 65°, more preferably less than 60°, and even more preferably less than 55°, relative to the surface of the hot liquid. Drop sensors typically pass over the molten metal surface at an immersion angle of approximately 90°. A lower immersion angle reduces the drag of the hot liquid surface during the immersion phase, so the sensor unit is less susceptible to damage from impact. In metallurgical applications, in particular, where it is necessary to pass through a slag layer before being submerged below the molten metal surface, a lower immersion angle is advantageous for the operability of the sensor unit. The sensor unit can, for example, enter the hot liquid at an immersion angle between 15° and 65°, preferably between 25° and 55°, and even more preferably between 30° and 50°. An immersion angle within the preferred range allows the impact point to be positioned a sufficient distance from the sidewall while minimizing the distance of the impact point, which minimizes the required signal line length and achieves a sufficient descent depth for the sensor unit. Furthermore, when the immersion angle becomes too small, the distance the sensor unit needs to travel through additional layers of material increases, which may reduce its velocity too much before impacting the surface of the hot material.

[0116] The method according to the present invention includes measuring at least one parameter of the hot liquid. It will be appreciated that the measurement is performed while the sensor unit is submerged below the surface of the hot liquid. "Measurement" is used herein to describe a step that results in determining at least one parameter of the hot liquid. This step may include measuring a single data point or measuring more than one data point; that is, measuring a series of data points.

[0117] The measuring may comprise further steps, such as transmitting the data to a processing unit and / or processing the data.

[0118] After passing the surface of the hot liquid, the sensor unit descends to a certain depth. During this descent phase, its velocity gradually decreases as the surrounding hot liquid slows it down. During this phase, the sensor unit heats up. Eventually, its velocity in the forward direction reaches zero; in other words, the sensor unit's movement ceases. When the weight and density of the sensor unit are selected accordingly, an ascent phase follows, during which the sensor unit moves upward again. Measurements are preferably taken during this ascent phase. Consequently, the recorded data originates from the portion of the hot liquid that was previously unaffected by the sensor unit, providing more accurate data.

[0119] After measuring the parameters of the high-temperature liquid, further steps may follow, such as the release or ejection of parts of the measuring probe remaining in or at the acceleration device after the acceleration of the sensor unit, the cutting of remaining cables, etc.

[0120] The present invention also relates to a system for implementing the method of the present invention. All embodiments described with respect to the method of the present invention can also be applied to the system of the present invention in any combination.

[0121] Preferably, the system comprises acceleration means.

[0122] In a preferred embodiment, the acceleration device is configured to accelerate a sensor unit of less than 1000 g to obtain a momentum of at least 1000 g*m / s.

[0123] In a preferred embodiment, the acceleration device is configured to accelerate the sensor unit, which weighs less than 1000 g, more preferably less than 500 g, to a speed of at least 5 m / s over an acceleration path shorter than 1.5 m.

[0124] Preferably, the system according to the present invention comprises a processing unit. A processing unit is understood to be a unit configured to obtain and process signals obtained by suitable sensor units to determine a parameter of interest of the hot liquid. In a preferred embodiment, the processing unit is configured to be arranged externally to the metallurgical vessel containing the hot liquid.

[0125] Preferably, the system comprises means for transmitting the signals obtained by the suitable sensor units. These means may for example comprise extension leads configured to be connected to the sensor units and the processing unit, means for wireless transmission may also be suitable.

[0126] The system may further include a loading unit for loading the measurement probe into the acceleration device.

[0127] The system may further comprise a storage unit in which the measurement probe may be stored prior to use.

[0128] The invention further relates to a metallurgical vessel comprising a system for carrying out the method according to the invention. All embodiments described with respect to the method according to the invention or the system according to the invention can also be applied to the metallurgical vessel according to the invention in any combination.

[0129] Preferably, the metallurgical vessel is an electric arc furnace.

[0130] The following schematic diagrams illustrate aspects of the present invention to improve understanding of the present invention in conjunction with some exemplary illustrations. However, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the precise arrangements and instrumentalities shown. The elements in the drawings are not necessarily to scale relative to each other. Like reference numerals indicate corresponding similar parts.

[0131] Figure 1 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of an exemplary measurement probe;

[0132] Figure 2 A schematic metallurgical vessel with an accelerating device mounted in a side wall is shown;

[0133] Figure 3 shows acceleration and velocity curves for an exemplary measurement sequence for measurements in a high-temperature liquid not covered with an additional layer of material;

[0134] Figure 4 shows acceleration and velocity curves for an exemplary measurement sequence covered with an additional layer of material;

[0135] Figure 5 A schematic cross-sectional view of a container comprising a high-temperature liquid with a laterally arranged accelerator is shown.

[0136] Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view of an exemplary measuring probe 1 is shown. The probe 1 comprises a carrier tube 2, which may be formed from cardboard. A sensor unit 3 is at least partially mounted at one end within the carrier tube 2 and is retained by a release mechanism 4. The sensor unit 3 comprises a sensing element 5 and an immersion body 6. The sensing element 5 is selected depending on the parameter to be measured, for example it may comprise an oxygen detection element and / or a temperature measuring element (such as a thermocouple). The immersion body 6 is preferably a solid metal body with a high density and high thermal conductivity, for example a solid steel body with a hole for engaging the sensing element 5. In order to protect the sensing element 5 during handling of the measuring probe 1, a protective cap 7 formed from a material that dissolves or melts in the corresponding high-temperature liquid encapsulates the sensing element.

[0137] A signal line 8, connected at one end to the sensor unit 3, is wound along the interior of the carrier tube 2 in the form of a coil 9. This connection can be achieved by means of a contact (not shown) arranged in the immersion body 6. The other end of the signal line is connected to a connection element 10 at the other end of the carrier tube. The connection element 10 can provide a suitable connection point to an extension cable or device for wirelessly transmitting the signals acquired by the sensor unit to the analysis unit.

[0138] Figure 2 A schematic metallurgical vessel 20, such as an electric arc furnace (EAF), is shown with an acceleration device (accelerator, 21) integrated into the sidewall. An EAF used for steelmaking typically includes a vessel 22 containing a molten metal bath 23 and a removable cover 25 through which one or more electrodes 26 can enter the furnace. A slag layer 24 covers the molten metal 23. Electrodes 26 for heating the metal are arranged above the vessel 22. Typically, the interior of the metallurgical vessel 20 is heated to temperatures of approximately 600° C. to 2000° C., or even higher, during processing.

[0139] An entry point 27 for a device typically used to treat a molten metal pool, such as a carbon injector, is positioned in the sidewall 28 of the vessel 22. This entry point 27 can also be used to accommodate an accelerator 21, which is preferably combined with a device for treating the molten metal pool 23. The accelerator 21 can be, for example, an elongated tube, such as a pneumatically driven air lance. Advantageously, such a pneumatic device can be permanently purged with an air flow that maintains the entry point and the accelerator's opening open. In a preferred embodiment, the accelerator comprises a vacuum conveyor mounted on a steel tube (e.g., such as commercially available from Sommer Technik GmbH, Straubenhardt, Germany). In one exemplary embodiment, the accelerator's inner tube has a length of 1.5 m. When a probe is provided, the sensor unit is positioned 1.3 m from the accelerator's opening, oriented toward the molten metal pool 23. To accelerate the sensor cell, a gas flow of 3200 l / min was applied, which resulted in an exit velocity of 10 m / s for a 200 g sensor cell.

[0140] The accelerator 21 traverses the side wall 28 of the vessel, with its tip arranged flush with the interior of the side wall 28. The accelerator 21 is arranged in such a way that the sensor unit emitted from the accelerator 21 after the acceleration phase enters the surface of the melt 29. The accelerator 21 can also be surrounded by a so-called cold box, which is a solid body arranged inside the vessel to provide protection for the enclosed equipment. Typically, parts inside the vessel that are not in contact with the molten metal bath are provided with a cooling mechanism, such as water cooling.

[0141] exist Figure 2 In the configuration shown, the accelerometer 21 is loaded with a measurement probe 1 carrying a suitable sensor unit (not shown). An extension cable 30 connects the sensor unit to a processing device 31 which can be placed at a distance from the container.

[0142] In a typical measurement sequence, the accelerometer is loaded with the measurement probe in the first step. Inside the accelerometer, the sensor unit is separated from the probe's carrier element. This separation can be achieved, for example, by suitable internal features within the accelerometer, such as a shoulder or barrel-shaped cone against which the probe's retaining device is pushed to release the sensor unit. It should be emphasized that any connections between the sensor unit and signal lines or suitable connectors are not released and are configured to remain in place at least until the measurement sequence is completed.

[0143] Subsequently, the sensor unit is accelerated, for example by compressed air, and ejected from the accelerator 21 with a high initial speed and momentum into the interior of the vessel 22 and towards the molten metal pool 23. The sensor unit flies on a straight path towards the molten metal and enters the surface 29. The signal wire connected to the sensor unit will be pulled behind the sensor unit and out of the carrier element of the probe and is selected to survive the environment inside the vessel long enough to ensure that a measurement can be made.

[0144] When the sensor unit is immersed below the surface of the molten metal pool, the desired parameters can be measured and the corresponding signals transmitted to suitable analysis equipment. After recording the required data, the accelerators can be removed from the probe elements that have not yet been launched into the molten metal, for example by ejecting them into the molten metal pool.

[0145] Figure 3 The acceleration (A) and velocity curves (B) for an exemplary measurement sequence for measurements in a high-temperature liquid not covered with an additional material layer are shown. The curves begin after the sensor unit has been separated from the immersion probe and cover phases during which the sensor unit accelerates and / or moves. In the first phase (I), the sensor unit is actively accelerated by an accelerator at an acceleration significantly higher than gravity. It should be understood that the constant acceleration shown refers to the average acceleration during this phase, which may include several acceleration phases or phases with increasing or decreasing acceleration. Therefore, the constant increasing velocity shown in phase I should also be understood as an average value and may also include more than one phase. It has been shown that a sensor unit weighing less than 1000g requires a high exit velocity of at least 5 m / s to allow sufficient impact with the surface of the high-temperature liquid. The sensor unit is then ejected from the accelerator at this exit velocity. In the subsequent "free flight" phase (II), gravity further accelerates the sensor unit, and the travel velocity increases. After impacting the surface of the high-temperature liquid, the sensor unit is decelerated by the opposing force of the liquid. In this "descent phase" (III), the velocity decreases until it reaches zero. At this point in time, the sensor unit has reached its final measuring position, which is deep enough below the surface to obtain reliable results in a homogeneous area of ​​the high-temperature liquid.

[0146] Figure 4 The acceleration (A) and velocity curves (B) of an exemplary measurement sequence covered with an additional material layer (such as a slag layer) are shown. Before impact in the hot liquid, the sensor unit passes through the additional layer with a decelerating and velocity-reducing effect (phase III-a).

[0147] Because the sensor unit is provided with high momentum by active acceleration, it descends deep into the molten metal despite its low mass, the short distance between the entry point and the surface, and the slag layer that decelerates the unit before final immersion in the molten metal. Furthermore, measurements are minimally affected by the cold mass introduced by the lightweight sensor unit, allowing for reliable and accurate results.

[0148] Figure 5 A schematic cross-sectional view of a metallurgical vessel 22 comprising a molten metal bath 23 with a laterally arranged accelerator 21 is shown, wherein the relevant geometrical parameters are indicated. The accelerator 21 is positioned at a level L from the surface of the molten metal. M Distance D A The distance between the molten metal surface and the opening of the container 33 is D M The container has a diameter D V After the free flight phase, the sensor unit enters the molten metal at an impact point 34 on its surface, which is a distance D from the entry point 27 in the side wall 28. I The angle of incidence is the angle between the normal to the surface of the hot liquid and the trajectory of the sensor unit ejected by the accelerator, depicted by α. The angle of incidence is also the launch angle, i.e., the angle of the launch trajectory of the sensor unit relative to the surface normal of the hot liquid (indicated by the dotted line). The immersion angle β is the angle between the surface of the hot liquid and the trajectory of the sensor unit.

[0149] Reference numerals

[0150] 1 Measuring probe

[0151] 2 carrier tubes

[0152] 3 sensor units

[0153] 4 Release mechanism

[0154] 5 Sensing elements

[0155] 6 Immerse the body

[0156] 7 Protective cap

[0157] 8 signal lines

[0158] 9. Winding of signal lines

[0159] 10 Connecting elements

[0160] 20 Metallurgical vessels

[0161] 21 Accelerator

[0162] 22 containers

[0163] 23 Molten Metal Pool

[0164] 24 Slag layer

[0165] 25 removable cover

[0166] 26 electrodes

[0167] 27 entry points

[0168] 28 Side wall of container

[0169] 29 Surface of the molten metal pool

[0170] 30 extension cables

[0171] 31 Processing Equipment

[0172] 32 High temperature liquid

[0173] 33 Container opening

[0174] 34 Impact Point

[0175] L M The position of the surface level of the high temperature liquid

[0176] D A The distance between the accelerator and the surface of the high-temperature liquid

[0177] D M The distance between the container opening and the surface of the high-temperature liquid

[0178] D V Diameter of the container

[0179] D I Distance from impact point to entry point

[0180] α angle of incidence / emission angle

[0181] β Immersion angle.

Claims

1. A method for determining at least one parameter of a high-temperature liquid using a sensor unit, wherein the high temperature liquid comprises a surface and is provided in a metallurgical vessel comprising a top opening opposite the surface of the high temperature liquid, and The surface of the high temperature liquid level has a position L M , the position is located at a distance D from the top opening of the metallurgical vessel M Department, The method comprises: (a) Distance D between the surface of the high-temperature liquid and the top opening of the metallurgical vessel A providing an accelerating device above the surface of the high temperature liquid; wherein the acceleration means is adapted to increase the speed of the sensor unit; (b) providing a measurement probe to the acceleration device, wherein the measurement probe carries the sensor unit, and wherein the sensor unit is detachable from the measurement probe; (c) separating the sensor unit from the measurement probe; (d) accelerating the sensor unit using the acceleration device; (e) launching the sensor unit in the direction of the high-temperature liquid; (f) immersing the sensor unit below the surface of the high-temperature liquid; (g) measuring the at least one parameter of the high temperature liquid; It is characterized by A <50% D M . 2 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the accelerating device is provided in and / or attached to a side wall of the metallurgical vessel.

3. A method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the accelerating device extends into or adjoins the volume of the metallurgical vessel containing the high temperature liquid through an opening in a side wall of the metallurgical vessel.

4. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the accelerating device is oriented downwardly towards the high temperature liquid through a side wall of the metallurgical vessel.

5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the sensor unit is immersed below the surface of the high temperature liquid at an immersion angle of less than 65°.

6. The method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the sensor unit emits at an angle greater than 25° relative to the side wall of the container.

7. The method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the sensor unit is accelerated to obtain a momentum of at least 1000 g*m / s.

8. The method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the sensor unit has a weight of less than 1500 g.

9. The method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the sensor unit is accelerated to a speed of at least 5 m / s.

10. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the acceleration is between 15 m / s 2 Up to 80m / s 2 within the range.

11. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the emission trajectory of the sensor unit after emission and before immersion is linear.

12. A system for implementing the method according to claims 1 to 11.

13. A metallurgical vessel comprising a system for carrying out the method according to claims 1 to 11 or an apparatus according to claim 12.

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