Method for measuring high-temperature dynamic slag erosion depth of refractory material

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of refractory material testing, and particularly relates to a refractory material high-temperature dynamic slag erosion depth measuring method, which comprises the following steps of: measuring the initial morphology of a sample erosion surface by using a laser three-dimensional scanning imaging device, inserting a pressing rod into the center of a sample which is made into a crucible shape, and putting a steel block for heating; the whole crucible-shaped sample can be put into an induction furnace to be heated, steel slag is added into the furnace after a steel block is molten, the molten steel slag can float on the surface of molten steel to form a slag surface layer, after heat preservation is conducted at the initial position for a certain time, the pressing rod is lifted, the slag surface position descends at the moment, and the steel slag surface layer is formed. Then measuring the erosion surface of the sample by using a laser three-dimensional scanning imaging device, evaluating the erosion resistance of the sample through the erosion depth, and after the measurement is finished, adjusting the insertion depth of the pressing rod, restoring the slag surface to the initial position and repeating the erosion operation to obtain a continuous dynamic evaluation curve of the erosion depth of the sample along with the temperature and the erosion time. Therefore, the continuous test and evaluation of the erosion resistance of the sample at high temperature are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of refractory material testing, and in particular relates to a method for measuring the high-temperature dynamic slag erosion depth of a refractory material. Background Art

[0002] The slag resistance of refractory materials refers to the ability of refractory materials to resist the penetration, erosion and scouring of molten slag at high temperatures. The quality of slag resistance is closely related to the chemical mineral composition and organizational structure of the refractory materials, and directly affects the service life and performance of the refractory materials in high-temperature industries. Therefore, the slag resistance of refractory materials is an important item in the inspection of refractory materials.

[0003] Currently, commonly used methods for testing the slag resistance of refractory materials, such as the static crucible test method, the sample immersion and ventilation method, and the rotary erosion method, all involve studying and evaluating the eroded surface of a sample after it has been eroded by high-temperature slag for a certain period of time and then cooled to room temperature. For example, a refractory material slag resistance test method described in patent CN105675476A also involves testing a test crucible composed of multiple refractory materials. After heating, holding, and cooling, the erosion of the sample is studied at room temperature. Many high-temperature industrial equipment (such as ladles) require continuous operation in high-temperature environments for long periods of time. However, existing test methods are unable to continuously test and evaluate material erosion in such environments. Therefore, it is extremely urgent to design a method that can measure the slag erosion depth of refractory materials under dynamic conditions at high temperatures. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for measuring the high-temperature dynamic slag erosion depth of refractory materials. The high-temperature dynamic slag erosion depth measurement method can continuously test and evaluate the erosion conditions of the refractory materials in a high-temperature environment, thereby ensuring the continuous operation of high-temperature industrial equipment (such as a ladle) in a high-temperature environment and meeting the testing needs of production enterprises for the slag resistance of refractory materials.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A method for measuring the depth of high-temperature dynamic slag erosion of refractory materials comprises the following steps: S1. First, the test material is made into a circular crucible, i.e., a sample. The initial morphology of the eroded surface of the sample is measured using a laser 3D scanning imaging device. S2. Insert a lifting and lowering adjustable pressing rod made of slag corrosion resistant material (such as graphite) into the center of the crucible body; fill the surrounding area of ​​the pressing rod with steel blocks for heating and heating. The crucible in the crucible body heating structure can be placed in an induction furnace for heating; S3. After the steel block is melted, steel slag is added to the crucible. After the steel slag melts, it floats on the surface of the molten steel to form a slag surface layer. After keeping the temperature at this initial position for a certain period of time, the pressing rod is lifted. At this time, the slag surface position drops, and the sample surface corroded by the slag liquid is exposed. S4. Then, the erosion surface of the sample is measured again using a laser three-dimensional scanning imaging device, and the erosion resistance of the sample is evaluated by the erosion depth; S5. After the measurement is completed, the pressure rod is further inserted into the molten steel. By adjusting the insertion depth of the pressure rod, the slag surface is restored to its initial position and the erosion operation is repeated. After multiple erosion-measurement cycles at high temperature, a continuous dynamic evaluation curve of the sample erosion depth versus temperature and erosion time can be obtained, thereby realizing continuous testing and evaluation of the sample's anti-erosion performance at high temperature.

[0006] Furthermore, the crucible body heating structure includes a protective layer, a sample, molten steel, steel slag and an induction coil; a conical cavity is provided in the protective layer, the sample is placed in the conical cavity opened in the protective layer, a circular space is processed in the sample, the molten steel is contained in the circular space in the sample, and steel slag is arranged on the molten steel to test the erosion of the inner wall of the circular space of the sample.

[0007] Furthermore, the sample is a circular crucible body, the inner cavity of the crucible body is a structure of Φ240×200mm and a wall thickness of 50mm, and three laser three-dimensional scanning imaging devices for detecting the position of the material erosion surface are evenly distributed on the periphery of the crucible body.

[0008] Furthermore, the pressing rod has a diameter of 100 mm and is made of a high-temperature resistant and corrosion-resistant material (such as high-purity graphite).

[0009] Furthermore, the pressing rod is fixed on a lifting device, the up and down movement distance of the lifting device is controllable, and the lifting device can adopt an electric lifting cylinder, a lifting hydraulic cylinder or a lifting cylinder.

[0010] Furthermore, a heating device is provided on the outside of the crucible, and the heating device adopts an induction heating furnace, which can heat the crucible to 1600°C. The slag liquid erosion time is at least 10 minutes. The three-dimensional imaging device can draw a surface profile curve of the sample, and the change in the sample erosion depth can be known by comparison.

[0011] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: a method for measuring the high-temperature dynamic slag erosion depth of a refractory material uses a laser three-dimensional scanning imaging device to measure the initial morphology of the erosion surface of a circular crucible sample. A pressure rod made of slag-resistant material is inserted into the center of the crucible and surrounded by steel blocks for heating. The entire crucible is placed in an induction furnace for heating. After the steel blocks melt, slag is added to the furnace. The melted slag floats on the surface of the molten steel to form a slag surface layer. After being held at this initial position for a certain period of time, the pressure rod is lifted, and the slag surface is lowered, revealing the sample surface eroded by the slag liquid. The sample erosion surface is then measured using a laser three-dimensional scanning imaging device, and the erosion depth is used to evaluate the sample's erosion resistance. After the measurement is completed, the pressure rod insertion depth is adjusted to restore the slag surface to its initial position, and the erosion operation is repeated. Through the above-mentioned erosion-measurement cycle at high temperature, a continuous dynamic evaluation curve of the sample erosion depth as a function of temperature and erosion time can be obtained, thereby achieving continuous testing and evaluation of the material's erosion resistance at high temperatures. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a test device for the high-temperature dynamic slag erosion depth measurement method of the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the detection state of the high-temperature dynamic slag erosion depth measurement method of the present invention; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of a top view of a detection state of the high-temperature dynamic slag erosion depth measurement method of the present invention; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the crucible heating structure of the present invention; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the lifting device in the present invention; Figure 6 It is a continuous dynamic evaluation curve diagram of the sample erosion depth as a function of temperature and erosion time in the present invention; The numbers in the figure are: 1, protective layer 2, sample 3, molten steel 4, steel slag 5, press rod 6, erosion surface 7, three-dimensional measuring device 8, press rod lifting device 9, induction coil. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0013] The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the following examples. It should be noted that the examples described are only some examples of the present invention, and are not intended to be exhaustive. Based on the examples of the present invention, all other examples obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort are intended to fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, all embodiments and preferred implementation methods described herein can be combined to form new technical solutions. Unless otherwise specified, all technical features and preferred features described herein can be combined to form new technical solutions. The "range" disclosed in the present invention can be expressed as a lower limit and an upper limit, and can refer to one or more lower limits and one or more upper limits, respectively. Unless otherwise specified, the reactions or steps of the present invention can be performed sequentially or in a sequential order. Unless otherwise specified, the technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those familiar to those skilled in the art. Furthermore, any methods or materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can also be applied to the present invention.

[0014] Specific embodiment 1: As in the specification of the present invention Figure 1 , Instruction Manual Figure 2 And the instruction manual Figure 3As shown, in order to solve the problem that the existing slag resistance test method of refractory materials cannot realize continuous testing and evaluation of the erosion of the refractory materials in a high-temperature environment, the present invention is designed to provide a method for measuring the high-temperature dynamic slag erosion depth of refractory materials. The method first makes the test material into a circular crucible body, i.e., a sample, and uses a laser three-dimensional scanning imaging device to measure the initial morphology of the erosion surface 6 of the sample. Then, a pressure rod 5 made of slag erosion-resistant material (such as graphite, etc.) is inserted into the center of the crucible body, and the pressure rod 5 is surrounded by steel blocks for heating and heating (the pressure rod 5 is surrounded by steel blocks). The principle of filling the steel block is as follows: a medium-frequency alternating current passes through an induction coil, generating an alternating magnetic field. When the steel block (a metal conductor) is placed in this magnetic field, closed eddy currents are induced within it. These eddy currents, acting through the metal's resistance, convert electrical energy into thermal energy, rapidly heating the metal to achieve the desired temperature field. The entire crucible can then be placed in an induction furnace for heating. After the steel block melts, slag 4 is added to the furnace. The melted slag 4 floats on the surface of the molten steel, forming a slag layer. After holding this initial position for a specified period, the pressure rod 5 is lifted, causing the slag layer to drop, revealing the sample surface eroded by the slag liquid. The sample's erosion surface 6 is then measured again using a 3D laser scanning imaging device, and the erosion depth is used to evaluate the sample's corrosion resistance. After the measurement is completed, the pressure rod 5 is reinserted into the molten steel 3. By adjusting the insertion depth, the slag layer returns to its initial position, and the erosion operation is repeated. Repeating these erosion-measurement cycles at high temperatures yields a continuous, dynamic evaluation curve of the sample's erosion depth versus temperature and time, enabling continuous testing and evaluation of the sample's corrosion resistance at high temperatures.

[0015] As the specification of the present invention Figure 4 As shown, the crucible heating structure includes a protective layer 1, a sample 2, molten steel 3, steel slag 4 and an induction coil 9. A conical cavity is provided in the protective layer 1, and the sample 2 is placed in the conical cavity opened in the protective layer 1. The sample 2 is a circular crucible body, and the inner cavity of the crucible body is processed with a circular space. The molten steel 3 is contained in the circular space in the sample 2, and steel slag 4 is arranged on the molten steel 3 for testing the erosion of the inner wall of the circular space of the sample 2; the crucible body has an inner cavity of (Φ240×200) mm and a wall thickness of 50 mm. Three laser three-dimensional scanning imaging devices for detecting the position of the material erosion surface 6 are evenly distributed on the periphery of the crucible (the laser three-dimensional imaging device is an advanced device that uses laser technology to obtain three-dimensional spatial information of an object. It can be a laser 3D scanner (CereScan Ultra) with an accuracy of 0.02 mm, 34 blue laser lines + 1 deep hole scanning line + 7 detail scanning lines. The laser lines use anti-interference blue lasers, are not affected by ambient brightness, and image acquisition is fast and accurate).

[0016] As the specification of the present invention Figure 5As shown, the press rod 5 is fixed to a lifting device 8 with a controllable vertical movement distance. The lifting device 8 can be an electric lifting cylinder, a hydraulic lifting cylinder, or a pneumatic lifting cylinder. A heating device is installed on the outside of the crucible to heat the steel block within the crucible to 1600°C. The slag erosion time is at least 10 minutes. The three-dimensional imaging device can plot the surface profile of the sample 2, and the change in the erosion depth of the sample 2 can be determined through comparative calculation. In actual use, the high-temperature dynamic slag erosion depth measurement method of the present invention can continuously test and evaluate the erosion of samples in high-temperature environments, ensuring the continuous operation of high-temperature industrial equipment (such as ladles) in high-temperature environments and meeting the testing needs of manufacturers for slag resistance of refractory materials. The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the scope of the present invention. The invention can also be applied to products in different fields and with different structures. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention according to specific circumstances. In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of implementation methods, not every implementation method contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative method of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A method for measuring the depth of high-temperature dynamic slag erosion of refractory materials, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. First, the test refractory material is made into a crucible-shaped sample, and the initial morphology of the eroded surface (6) of the sample is measured using a laser three-dimensional scanning imaging device; S2. Insert a lifting and lowering adjustable pressing rod (5) made of slag corrosion resistant material into the center of the crucible; fill the pressing rod (5) with steel blocks for heating and heating, and the crucible in the crucible heating structure can be placed in an induction furnace for heating; S3. After the steel block is melted, steel slag (4) is added into the furnace. After the steel slag (4) melts, it floats on the surface of the molten steel to form a slag surface layer. After keeping the temperature at this initial position for a certain period of time, the pressing rod (5) is lifted. At this time, the slag surface position drops, and the sample surface corroded by the slag liquid is exposed. S4, then using the laser three-dimensional scanning imaging device to measure the erosion surface (6) of the sample again, and evaluating the erosion resistance of the sample by the erosion depth; S5. After the measurement is completed, the pressing rod (5) is further inserted into the molten steel (3). By adjusting the insertion depth of the pressing rod (5), the slag surface is restored to the initial position and the erosion operation is repeated. After multiple erosion-measurement cycles at high temperature, a continuous dynamic evaluation curve of the sample erosion depth versus temperature and erosion time can be obtained, thereby realizing continuous testing and evaluation of the sample's anti-erosion performance at high temperature.

2. The method for measuring the high-temperature dynamic slag erosion depth of refractory materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crucible heating structure comprises a protective layer (1), a sample (2), molten steel (3), steel slag (4), and an induction coil (9); a conical cavity is provided in the protective layer (1), and the sample (2) is placed in the conical cavity provided in the protective layer (1); the sample (2) is a circular crucible body, and a circular space is processed in the inner cavity; the molten steel (3) is contained in the circular space in the sample (2); and steel slag (4) is arranged on the molten steel (3) for testing the erosion of the inner wall of the circular space of the sample (2).

3. The method for measuring the high-temperature dynamic slag erosion depth of refractory materials according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sample (2) is a circular crucible body, the inner cavity of the crucible body is a crucible structure with a diameter of 240×200 mm and a wall thickness of 50 mm. Three laser three-dimensional scanning imaging devices for detecting the position of the sample erosion surface (6) are evenly arranged on the periphery of the crucible.

4. The method for measuring the high-temperature dynamic slag erosion depth of refractory materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressing rod (5) has a diameter of 100 mm and is made of a high temperature resistant and corrosion resistant material.

5. The method for measuring the high-temperature dynamic slag erosion depth of refractory materials according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pressing rod (5) is fixed on a lifting device (8). The lifting device (8) can move up and down in a controllable distance. The lifting device (8) can adopt an electric lifting cylinder, a lifting hydraulic cylinder or a lifting cylinder.

6. The method for measuring the high-temperature dynamic slag erosion depth of refractory materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sample is provided with a heating device on the outside, and the heating device adopts an induction heating furnace to heat the crucible body to 1600° C. The slag liquid erosion time is at least 10 minutes. The three-dimensional imaging device can draw a surface profile curve of the sample (2), and the change of the erosion depth of the sample (2) can be obtained by comparison.

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