Fire-resistant and heat-insulating smoke prevention and exhaust air pipe and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of fire-fighting and smoke-discharging building materials, in particular to a fire-resistant and heat-insulating smoke-preventing and smoke-discharging air pipe and a preparation method thereof. The fire-resistant and heat-insulating smoke prevention and exhaust air pipe comprises a galvanized steel plate, a color steel plate and a porous heat-insulating and fire-proof layer fixedly connected between the galvanized steel plate and the color steel plate, an inorganic blocking layer A is formed on the upper surface of the porous heat-insulating fireproof layer; an inorganic blocking layer B is formed on the upper surface of the porous heat-insulating fireproof layer; the inorganic blocking layer A is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the color steel plate through an inorganic binder layer A; and the inorganic blocking layer B is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the galvanized steel sheet through an inorganic binder layer B. The smoke prevention and exhaust air pipe has good fire resistance and heat insulation performance, the density of the smoke prevention and exhaust air pipe is smaller than or equal to 0.8 g / cm < 3 >, lightweight design is achieved, transportation, carrying, assembling and construction of the smoke prevention and exhaust air pipe are facilitated, and the assembling cost of a smoke prevention and exhaust air system is reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of fire smoke exhaust building materials, in particular to a fire-resistant and heat-insulating smoke exhaust air duct and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] The role of the smoke exhaust system is to prevent smoke from entering the evacuation passage and ensure the fire safety of the building. The smoke exhaust system is mainly composed of smoke exhaust ducts, through which air is supplied and smoke is exhausted to avoid smoke entering the evacuation passage. According to the existing national standard GB / T 51251-2017, the fire resistance limit of the smoke exhaust duct is ≥0.5h. In special cases, the fire resistance limit of the smoke exhaust duct arranged in the indoor is ≥1.0h, and the fire resistance limit of the smoke exhaust duct in the walkway ceiling or crossing the fire compartment is ≥1.0h.

[0003] There are mainly the following three types of design schemes for early smoke exhaust ducts:

[0004] The first type of smoke exhaust duct is composed of galvanized iron sheet + 50mm rock wool + 8-12mm fireproof plate, which has the following problems: it needs to be made on site, the assembly rate is very low, the labor cost is high, and the cost is relatively high.

[0005] The second type of smoke exhaust duct is composed of galvanized iron sheet + heat insulation glue + 50mm thick flexible high-temperature-resistant centrifugal glass wool, the iron sheet is coated with high-temperature-resistant centrifugal glass wool, and the high-temperature-resistant centrifugal glass wool is further wrapped with an aluminum foil facing, which has the following problems: the aluminum foil is easily damaged, leading to exposure of the heat insulation layer, poor durability, large space occupation, large on-site workload, and high cost.

[0006] The third type of smoke exhaust duct is an industrial integrated composite board composed of three layers of iron sheet + calcium silicate + rock wool, which is used as a wrapping material and needs to be coated on the iron sheet air duct, which can prolong the fire resistance limit, but the cost is relatively high, and the quality is also relatively heavy, which puts higher requirements on the support structure of the smoke exhaust duct.

[0007] The above three types of smoke exhaust ducts have the problems of construction difficulty, heavy quality, and inconvenience in construction and assembly. Therefore, technical personnel have optimized the design of the structure of the smoke exhaust duct. At present, the mainstream smoke exhaust duct is mainly a composite air duct composed of inner and outer color steel plates or inner and outer iron sheets + silicate fireproof plate or glass magnesium fireproof plate, the core material with a fire resistance limit of 0.5h is 8-9mm, and the core material with a fire resistance limit of 1.0h is 14-15mm. Although the overall quality is reduced under the premise of ensuring the fire resistance limit, the thermal conductivity of the uniform material is above 0.2W / m.K, the high thermal conductivity makes it not have fire-resistant and heat-insulating properties, and it needs to be further optimized and designed. The average density of the fireproof plate is 1.0g / cm 3 , and the overall weight needs to be further improved. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a fire-resistant and heat-insulating smoke exhaust air duct that is lightweight and easy to assemble and construct. SUMMARY

[0008] In view of the technical problems existing in the prior art, the present application provides a fireproof and heat-insulating smoke exhaust air duct and a preparation method thereof.

[0009] The fireproof and heat-insulating smoke exhaust air duct is realized by the following scheme.

[0010] The fireproof and heat-insulating smoke exhaust air duct comprises a galvanized steel plate, a color steel plate, and a porous heat-insulating fireproof layer fixedly connected between the galvanized steel plate and the color steel plate; an inorganic blocking layer A is formed on the upper surface of the porous heat-insulating fireproof layer; an inorganic blocking layer B is formed on the lower surface of the porous heat-insulating fireproof layer; the inorganic blocking layer A is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the color steel plate through an inorganic adhesive layer A; and the inorganic blocking layer B is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the galvanized steel plate through an inorganic adhesive layer B.

[0011] The smoke exhaust air duct has good fireproof and heat-insulating performance and a density of ≤0.8 g / cm 3 , realizes lightweight design, and is convenient for transportation, carrying, assembly, and construction of the smoke exhaust air duct, thereby reducing the assembly cost of the smoke exhaust air system.

[0012] Preferably, the porous heat-insulating fireproof layer is a porous heat-insulating fireproof material, and the preparation method of the porous heat-insulating fireproof material comprises the following steps.

[0013] Step one: surface grafting modification treatment is performed on a porous heat-insulating substrate;

[0014] Meanwhile, surface grafting modification treatment is performed on a layered two-dimensional nano filler;

[0015] Step two: the layered two-dimensional nano filler subjected to surface grafting modification treatment is dispersed in a solvent to obtain a pre-impregnation dispersion system;

[0016] Step three: the porous heat-insulating substrate subjected to surface modification treatment is soaked in the pre-impregnation dispersion system of step two, and is kept at 40-45 ℃ for 30-60 min, the solvent is removed, and the layered two-dimensional nano filler is uniformly loaded inside the aerogel insulation blanket to obtain a semi-finished porous heat-insulating fireproof material;

[0017] Step four: the semi-finished porous heat-insulating fireproof material is activated at 80-140 ℃ for 0.5-2 hours to obtain a finished porous heat-insulating fireproof material.

[0018] Preferably, the porous heat-insulating substrate in step one is an aerogel insulation blanket, and the thickness specification of the aerogel insulation blanket is 2 mm or 3 mm or 5 mm or 6 mm or 9 mm or 10 mm.

[0019] Preferably, the porous thermal insulation substrate is selected from any one of thermal insulation felt FMD450, thermal insulation felt FMB350, thermal insulation felt FMB400, thermal insulation felt FMC200, thermal insulation felt FMA400, and thermal insulation felt FMA650.

[0020] Preferably, the layered two-dimensional nanofiller is one or a combination of boron nitride, molybdenum disulfide, and tungsten disulfide.

[0021] Preferably, the step one, the porous thermal insulation substrate is subjected to surface grafting modification treatment, specifically as follows: the porous thermal insulation substrate is soaked in a methacryloxy silane ethanol aqueous solution with a concentration of 0.5-5wt%, and soaked for 5-60min under stirring, and then taken out and dried to obtain the porous thermal insulation substrate subjected to surface grafting methacryloxy silane modification treatment.

[0022] Preferably, the layered two-dimensional nanofiller is subjected to surface grafting modification treatment, specifically as follows: the layered two-dimensional nanofiller is soaked in a mercapto silane ethanol aqueous solution with a concentration of 0.5-5wt%, and soaked for 5-60min under stirring, and then taken out and dried to obtain the layered two-dimensional nanofiller subjected to surface grafting mercapto silane.

[0023] Preferably, the step two, the layered two-dimensional nanofiller subjected to surface grafting modification treatment is dispersed in supercritical carbon dioxide to obtain a pre-impregnation dispersion system, and the supercritical carbon dioxide has a temperature of 40-45℃ and a pressure of 10-15MPa.

[0024] The content of the layered two-dimensional nanofiller in the porous thermal insulation fireproof material affects the fire resistance limit. For example, for an aerogel insulation felt with a thickness of 2mm, loading 5wt% of boron nitride nanosheets can meet the requirement of fire resistance limit ≥1.0h. Using supercritical carbon dioxide as a solvent can effectively improve the environmental performance of the production of the porous thermal insulation fireproof material, and also improve the production efficiency of the porous thermal insulation fireproof material and reduce the treatment cost of industrial waste.

[0025] Preferably, the inorganic blocking layer A and the inorganic blocking layer B are both formed by solidification of an inorganic blocking agent; the inorganic blocking agent is made of a metal oxide composite sol system and a low-density thermal insulation filler; the content of the low-density thermal insulation filler in the inorganic blocking agent is 5-50wt%; the metal oxide composite sol system is an aluminum hydroxide / silicon dioxide composite sol prepared by a sol-gel method; or the metal oxide composite sol system is a titanium dioxide / silicon dioxide composite sol prepared by a sol-gel method.

[0026] The inorganic blocking layer A and the inorganic blocking layer B can effectively reduce the burn-through probability of the porous thermal insulation fireproof layer, and can improve the overall fire resistance and thermal insulation performance.

[0027] Preferably, the low-density thermal insulation filler is at least one of hollow glass microspheres and aerogel powder; the hollow glass microspheres have a true density of ≤0.65 g / cm 3 ; and the aerogel powder has a true density of ≤0.50 g / cm 3 .

[0028] Preferably, the inorganic binder layer A and the inorganic binder layer B are both formed by curing of an inorganic binder; the inorganic binder is a hollow glass microsphere / silica sol composite glue, which comprises silica sol and hollow glass microspheres in a mass ratio of 100:(15-40); the hollow glass microspheres have a D 50 of 30-60 μm and a true density of ≤0.65 g / cm 3 .

[0029] The inorganic binder layer A and the inorganic binder layer B can ensure the filling stability of the porous thermal insulation fireproof layer in the galvanized steel plate and the color steel plate, and ensure that the smoke exhaust air duct has good and stable fireproof thermal insulation effect.

[0030] The application provides a preparation method of a fireproof and thermal-insulation smoke exhaust air duct.

[0031] The preparation method of the fireproof and thermal-insulation smoke exhaust air duct comprises the following steps:

[0032] Step one: preparation of a porous thermal insulation fireproof layer;

[0033] Step two: an inorganic blocking agent is respectively sprayed on the upper and lower surfaces of the porous thermal insulation fireproof layer, the spraying amount of the single-surface inorganic blocking agent is 10-60 g / m 2 , and after the spraying is completed, the porous thermal insulation fireproof layer is placed at 80-120 DEG C for dehydration condensation reaction for 1-4 h to form an inorganic blocking layer A on the upper surface of the porous thermal insulation fireproof material and an inorganic blocking layer B on the lower surface of the porous thermal insulation fireproof material;

[0034] Step three: the porous thermal insulation fireproof layer prepared in step two is coated with an inorganic binder on one surface and wrapped on the outer wall of the galvanized steel plate, then the quartz fiber yarn is used to sew the two ends of the porous thermal insulation fireproof layer, the inorganic binder is coated on the other surface of the porous thermal insulation fireproof layer, and finally the assembled color steel plate is combined with the outer periphery of the porous thermal insulation fireproof layer to obtain a semi-finished product;

[0035] Step four: the semi-finished product is placed at room temperature for curing for 6-24 h to obtain a finished product of the smoke exhaust air duct.

[0036] The preparation method is relatively simple, has low operation difficulty, and is convenient for industrialized production and manufacturing.

[0037] By adopting the above technical solution, the fire resistance and heat insulation performance of the smoke exhaust duct can be further improved.

[0038] In summary, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0039] 1. The present invention adopts lightweight and highly fire-resistant and heat-insulating modified aerogel insulation felt as the fire-resistant and heat-insulating filling layer of the smoke exhaust duct, giving the smoke exhaust duct excellent fire-resistant and heat-insulating properties, and its overall weight is reduced by at least 25% compared with the existing smoke exhaust duct, which facilitates the transportation, handling, assembly and construction of the smoke exhaust duct, can reduce the assembly cost of the smoke exhaust system, and also improve the safety of fire-fighting facilities.

[0040] 2. The preparation method of the fire-resistant and heat-insulating smoke and exhaust duct in the present invention is relatively simple, which is convenient for industrial mass production. The obtained smoke and exhaust duct is light in weight, which is convenient for the construction of the smoke and exhaust system in the later stage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the fire-resistant and heat-insulating smoke exhaust duct in the present invention.

[0042] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the fire-resistant and heat-insulating smoke exhaust duct in the present invention.

[0043] In the figure, 1. galvanized steel plate; 2. color-coated steel plate; 3. porous heat-insulating and fire-proof layer; 31. inorganic sealing layer A; 32. inorganic sealing layer B; 4. inorganic adhesive layer A; 5. inorganic adhesive layer B. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] In order to further understand the creativity and technical advancement of the present invention, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are discussed in detail below in conjunction with examples and comparative examples.

[0045] Example: Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 A fire-resistant, heat-insulating, smoke and exhaust duct includes a galvanized steel sheet 1, a color-coated steel sheet 2, and a porous heat-insulating fireproof layer 3 fixedly connected between the galvanized steel sheet 1 and the color-coated steel sheet 2. An inorganic sealing layer A31 is formed on the upper surface of the porous heat-insulating fireproof layer 3. An inorganic sealing layer B32 is formed on the lower surface of the porous heat-insulating fireproof layer 3. The inorganic sealing layer A31 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the color-coated steel sheet 2 via an inorganic adhesive layer A4. The inorganic sealing layer B32 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the galvanized steel sheet 1 via an inorganic adhesive layer B5.

[0046] The porous heat-insulating and fire-proof layer 3 is an aerogel insulation felt or a porous ceramic / aerogel composite insulation felt.

[0047] The inorganic blocking layer A31 and the inorganic blocking layer B32 are both formed by curing an inorganic blocking agent.

[0048] The inorganic plugging agent is made of a metal oxide composite sol system and a low-density thermal insulation filler. The low-density thermal insulation filler is at least one of hollow glass microbeads and aerogel powder. The hollow glass microbeads have a true density ≤ 0.65 g / cm 3 , and the aerogel powder has a true density ≤ 0.50 g / cm 3 .

[0049] The content of the low-density thermal insulation filler in the inorganic plugging agent is 5-50 wt%. The metal oxide composite sol system is an aluminum hydroxide / silicon dioxide composite sol prepared by a sol-gel method. Alternatively, the metal oxide composite sol system is a titanium dioxide / silicon dioxide composite sol prepared by a sol-gel method.

[0050] Both the inorganic binder layer A4 and the inorganic binder layer B5 are formed by curing an inorganic binder.

[0051] The inorganic binder is a hollow glass microbead / silica sol composite glue. The hollow glass microbead / silica sol composite glue is made of silica sol and hollow glass microbeads in a mass ratio of 100:(15-40). The hollow glass microbeads have a D 50 of 30-60 μm and a true density ≤ 0.65 g / cm 3 .

[0052] The porous thermal insulation fireproof layer 3 is a porous thermal insulation fireproof material.

[0053] A method for preparing a porous thermal insulation fireproof material, comprising the following steps:

[0054] Step one, surface grafting modification treatment is performed on the porous thermal insulation substrate, specifically as follows: the porous thermal insulation substrate is soaked in a methacryloxy silane ethanol aqueous solution with a concentration of 0.5-5 wt%, and soaked for 5-60 min under stirring, and then taken out and dried to obtain the porous thermal insulation substrate subjected to surface grafting methacryloxy silane modification treatment; preferably, the porous thermal insulation substrate is aerogel insulation felt, and the thickness specification of the aerogel insulation felt is 2 mm or 3 mm or 5 mm or 6 mm or 9 mm or 10 mm; the porous thermal insulation substrate is selected from any one of thermal insulation felt FMD450, thermal insulation felt FMB350, thermal insulation felt FMB400, thermal insulation felt FMC200, thermal insulation felt FMA400, and thermal insulation felt FMA650;

[0055] Meanwhile, surface grafting modification treatment is performed on the layered two-dimensional nano filler, specifically as follows: the layered two-dimensional nano filler is soaked in a mercapto silane ethanol aqueous solution with a concentration of 0.5-5 wt%, and soaked for 5-60 min under stirring, and then taken out and dried to obtain the layered two-dimensional nano filler subjected to surface grafting mercapto silane;

[0056] Step two, dispersing the surface grafting modified layered two-dimensional nanofiller in a solvent to obtain a pre-impregnation dispersion system;

[0057] Preferably, step two, dispersing the surface grafting modified layered two-dimensional nanofiller in supercritical carbon dioxide to obtain a pre-impregnation dispersion system, the temperature of the supercritical carbon dioxide is 40-45℃, and the pressure is 10-15MPa;

[0058] Step three, soaking the surface modified porous thermal insulation substrate in the pre-impregnation dispersion system of step two, incubating at 40-45℃ for 30-60min, removing the solvent, and allowing the layered two-dimensional nanofiller to be uniformly loaded inside the aerogel insulation blanket to obtain a semi-finished porous thermal insulation fireproof material;

[0059] Step four, placing the semi-finished porous thermal insulation fireproof material in an activation treatment at 80-140℃ for 0.5-2 hours to obtain a finished porous thermal insulation fireproof material.

[0060] A method for preparing a fire-resistant and heat-insulating smoke exhaust air duct, comprising the following steps:

[0061] Step one, preparation of the porous thermal insulation fireproof layer 3, see the preparation of the porous thermal insulation fireproof material for details;

[0062] Preferably, the porous thermal insulation fireproof material needs to be subjected to surface hydrophilic modification treatment: low-temperature plasma treatment is performed on the upper and lower surfaces of the porous thermal insulation fireproof material, compressed air is used as the gas source of the low-temperature plasma generator, the treatment time is 15-30s, and a hydrophilic modification treated porous thermal insulation fireproof material is obtained;

[0063] Step two, spraying an inorganic blocking agent on the upper and lower surfaces of the hydrophilic modification treated porous thermal insulation fireproof material, respectively, the spraying amount of the inorganic blocking agent on a single surface is 10-60g / m 2 , and after spraying, placing it in a dehydration condensation reaction at 80-120℃ for 1-4h to solidify and form an inorganic blocking layer A31 on the upper surface of the porous thermal insulation fireproof material and an inorganic blocking layer B32 on the lower surface of the porous thermal insulation fireproof material;

[0064] Step three, coating an inorganic bonding agent on one surface of the porous thermal insulation fireproof layer 3 prepared in step two, and then wrapping it around the outer wall of the galvanized steel sheet 1, the amount of inorganic bonding agent used is 30-90g / m 2 , then sewing the two ends of the porous thermal insulation fireproof layer 3 with quartz fiber yarn, coating the inorganic bonding agent on the other surface of the porous thermal insulation fireproof layer 3, and the amount of inorganic bonding agent used is 30-90g / m 2 , and finally assembling the color steel sheet 2 around the porous thermal insulation fireproof layer 3 to obtain a semi-finished product;

[0065] Step four, placing the semi-finished product in a room temperature curing for 6-24 hours to obtain a finished smoke exhaust air duct.

[0066] Example 1: Preparation method of porous thermal insulation fireproof material, comprising the following steps:

[0067] Step one, surface grafting modification treatment is carried out on the thermal insulation felt FMB350, specifically as follows: the thermal insulation felt FMB350 is soaked in a 2.0wt% KH570 ethanol aqueous solution, the alcohol / water weight ratio in the ethanol aqueous solution is 9 / 1, the cutting size of the thermal insulation felt FMB350 is 400mm*500mm*3mm, and the soaking is carried out under 200rpm stirring for 30min, and then the thermal insulation felt FMB350 is taken out and dried to obtain the porous thermal insulation substrate for surface grafting KH570 modification treatment;

[0068] Meanwhile, surface grafting modification treatment is carried out on the boron nitride nanosheet, specifically as follows: the boron nitride nanosheet is soaked in a 2.0wt% KH591 aqueous solution, and the soaking is carried out under stirring for 30min, and then the boron nitride nanosheet is taken out and dried to obtain the boron nitride nanosheet for surface grafting KH591;

[0069] Step two, 6.0g of the boron nitride nanosheet for surface grafting KH591 is dispersed in 1.6kg of supercritical carbon dioxide to obtain a pre-impregnation dispersion system, the temperature of the supercritical carbon dioxide is 45℃, and the pressure is 10MPa;

[0070] Step three, the porous thermal insulation substrate for surface grafting KH570 modification treatment is loaded into a forming mold, the size of the forming mold is 400mm*500mm*10mm, the forming mold filled with the porous thermal insulation substrate for surface grafting KH570 modification treatment is placed in a reaction kettle, the pressure is adjusted to 10MPa, the pre-impregnation dispersion system soaked in step two is pumped into the forming mold in the reaction kettle, and the pre-impregnation dispersion system is kept at 45℃ for 60min, and then the pressure is reduced to normal pressure, the supercritical carbon dioxide solvent is removed, and the system is naturally cooled to room temperature, so that the boron nitride nanosheet is uniformly loaded in the aerogel insulation felt to obtain a semi-finished porous thermal insulation fireproof material;

[0071] Step four, the semi-finished porous thermal insulation fireproof material is activated at 120℃ for 1 hour to obtain a finished porous thermal insulation fireproof material, and the loading rate of the boron nitride nanosheet is 5.0wt%.

[0072] KH570, γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, CAS number 2530-85-0. KH591, γ-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane, CAS number 4420-74-0. Boron nitride nanosheet, hexagonal boron nitride nanosheet XT-BN-01, average particle size 120nm, Shanghai Xiangtian Nanometer Material Co., Ltd.

[0073] A preparation method of a fire-resistant and heat-insulating smoke control and exhaust air duct, comprising the following steps:

[0074] Step one, preparation of the porous thermal insulation fireproof layer 3, see the preparation of the porous thermal insulation fireproof material for details;

[0075] Surface hydrophilic modification treatment of the porous thermal insulation fireproof material: low temperature plasma treatment is performed on the upper and lower surfaces of the porous thermal insulation fireproof material, compressed air is used as the gas source of the low temperature plasma generator, the temperature is set to 4℃, and the treatment time is set to 30s, thereby obtaining the hydrophilic modified porous thermal insulation fireproof material;

[0076] Step two, 25g of hollow glass microspheres (3M hollow glass microspheres VS5500, true density 0.38g / cm 3 ), 60g of silica sol (nanometer silica transparent liquid VK-SO1B, Zhejiang Zhitian Micro New Material Co., Ltd.) and 15g of titanium sol (nanometer titanium sol HN-TA33, Hangzhou Hengna New Material Co., Ltd.) are mixed uniformly to obtain an inorganic blocking agent, the inorganic blocking agent is sprayed on the upper and lower surfaces of the hydrophilic modified porous thermal insulation fireproof material, the spraying amount of the inorganic blocking agent on a single surface is 15g / m 2 , and after spraying, it is placed at 80℃ for 4h of dehydration condensation reaction to form an inorganic blocking layer A31 on the upper surface of the porous thermal insulation fireproof material and an inorganic blocking layer B32 on the lower surface of the porous thermal insulation fireproof material;

[0077] Step three, 20g of hollow glass microspheres (3M hollow glass microspheres VS5500, true density 0.38g / cm 3 ) and 80g of silica sol (nanometer silica transparent liquid VK-SO1B, Zhejiang Zhitian Micro New Material Co., Ltd.) are mixed uniformly to obtain an inorganic binder, the porous thermal insulation fireproof layer 3 prepared in step two is coated with the inorganic binder on one surface and wrapped around the outer wall of the galvanized steel plate 1, the amount of inorganic binder used is 30g / m 2 , then 95tex quartz fiber yarn SJ101 is used to sew the two ends of the porous thermal insulation fireproof layer 3, the inorganic binder is coated on the other surface of the porous thermal insulation fireproof layer 3, and the amount of inorganic binder used is 30g / m 2 , and finally the assembled color steel plate 2 is assembled around the porous thermal insulation fireproof layer 3 to obtain a semi-finished product;

[0078] Step four, the semi-finished product is placed at room temperature for 24 hours to obtain a finished product.

[0079] The quartz fiber yarn SJ101 is provided by Henan Shenjiu Tianhang New Material Co., Ltd.

[0080] Example 2 differs from Example 1 in that the preparation method of the porous thermal insulation fireproof material is different as follows: in Step 2, 4.0 g of boron nitride nanosheets grafted with KH591 on the surface are dispersed in 1.6 kg of supercritical carbon dioxide to obtain a pre-impregnation dispersion system, the temperature of the supercritical carbon dioxide is 45℃, the pressure is 10 MPa, and the remaining steps are the same. The loading rate of boron nitride nanosheets in the finished porous thermal insulation fireproof material is 3.4 wt%.

[0081] Example 3 differs from Example 1 in that the preparation method of the porous thermal insulation fireproof material is different as follows: in Step 2, 8.0 g of boron nitride nanosheets grafted with KH591 on the surface are dispersed in 1.6 kg of supercritical carbon dioxide to obtain a pre-impregnation dispersion system, the temperature of the supercritical carbon dioxide is 45℃, the pressure is 10 MPa, and the remaining steps are the same. The loading rate of boron nitride nanosheets in the finished porous thermal insulation fireproof material is 6.7 wt%.

[0082] Comparative Example 1: The porous thermal insulation fireproof material is thermal insulation felt FMB350, and the cutting size of the thermal insulation felt FMB350 is 400 mm*500 mm*3 mm.

[0083] Comparative Example 2 differs from Example 1 in that the preparation method of the porous thermal insulation fireproof material is different as follows: in Step 2, 1.0 g of boron nitride nanosheets grafted with KH591 on the surface are dispersed in 1.6 kg of supercritical carbon dioxide to obtain a pre-impregnation dispersion system, the temperature of the supercritical carbon dioxide is 45℃, the pressure is 10 MPa, and the remaining steps are the same. The loading rate of boron nitride nanosheets in the finished porous thermal insulation fireproof material is 0.8 wt%.

[0084] The preparation of Test Sample 1 is as follows: S1. Surface hydrophilic modification treatment is performed on the porous thermal insulation fireproof material prepared in Example 1: low-temperature plasma treatment is performed on the upper and lower surfaces of the porous thermal insulation fireproof material, compressed air is used as the gas source of the low-temperature plasma generator, the temperature is set to 4℃, and the treatment time is set to 30 s to obtain the hydrophilic modification treated porous thermal insulation fireproof material; S2. 25 g of hollow glass microspheres (3M hollow glass microspheres VS5500, true density 0.38 g / cm 3 ), 60 g of silica sol (nanometer silica transparent liquid VK-SO1B, Zhejiang Zhiti Nanometer New Material Co., Ltd.) and 15 g of titanium sol (nanometer titanium sol HN-TA33, Hangzhou Hengna New Material Co., Ltd.) are mixed uniformly to obtain an inorganic sealing agent, and the inorganic sealing agent is sprayed on the upper and lower surfaces of the hydrophilic modification treated porous thermal insulation fireproof material, and the spraying amount of the inorganic sealing agent on a single surface is 15 g / m 2, and the inorganic blocking layer A on the upper surface of the porous thermal insulation fireproof material and the inorganic blocking layer B on the lower surface of the porous thermal insulation fireproof material are formed by dehydration condensation reaction at 80°C for 4h after spraying; S3, 20g of hollow glass microspheres (3M hollow glass microspheres VS5500, true density 0.38g / cm 3 ) and 80g of silica sol (nanometer silica transparent liquid VK-SO1B, Zhejiang Zhiti Nano Micro New Material Co., Ltd.) are uniformly mixed to obtain an inorganic binder, the porous thermal insulation fireproof layer 3 with the inorganic blocking layer A and the inorganic blocking layer B is coated with the inorganic binder on one surface to composite the release film, and the amount of the inorganic binder is 30g / m 2 The inorganic binder is coated on the other surface of the porous thermal insulation fireproof layer 3 to composite the release film, and the amount of the inorganic binder is 30g / m 2 A 5kg steel plate is placed on the uppermost release film, and the test sample 1 is obtained after curing at room temperature for 24h.

[0085] The difference between the test sample 2 and the test sample 1 is that the porous thermal insulation fireproof material prepared in Example 2 is used in S1. The difference between the test sample 3 and the test sample 1 is that the porous thermal insulation fireproof material prepared in Example 3 is used in S1. The difference between the test sample 4 and the test sample 1 is that the thermal insulation felt FMB350 is used as the porous thermal insulation fireproof material in S1. The difference between the test sample 5 and the test sample 1 is that the porous thermal insulation fireproof material prepared in Comparative Example 2 is used in S1.

[0086] Table 1 is the performance parameters of the porous thermal insulation fireproof materials in the test samples 1-5

[0087]

[0088] As shown in Table 1, the fire resistance of the porous thermal insulation fireproof materials in Examples 1-3 is increased from 0.5h to 1.0h in the specification of 3.0±0.05mm, the density is 0.26-0.27g / cm 3 , and the thermal conductivity is 0.03-0.04W / (m·K), which can ensure the fireproof and thermal insulation performance of the smoke exhaust duct and reduce the overall weight of the smoke exhaust duct, realize lightweight design, and facilitate transportation, handling, assembly and construction of the smoke exhaust duct, and reduce the assembly cost of the smoke exhaust system.

[0089] The difference between Example 4 and Example 1 is the preparation method of the porous thermal insulation fireproof material, as follows:

[0090] Step one, surface grafting modification treatment is carried out on the thermal insulation felt FMB350, and the specific process is as follows: the thermal insulation felt FMB350 is soaked in a 2.0wt% KH570 ethanol aqueous solution (the weight ratio of alcohol to water in the ethanol aqueous solution is 9 / 1), the cutting size of the thermal insulation felt FMB350 is 400mm*500mm*2mm, and the soaking is carried out under 200rpm stirring for 30min, and then the thermal insulation felt FMB350 is taken out and dried to obtain the porous thermal insulation substrate for surface grafting KH570 modification treatment;

[0091] Meanwhile, surface grafting modification treatment is carried out on the boron nitride nanosheet, and the specific process is as follows: the boron nitride nanosheet is soaked in a 2.0wt% KH591 aqueous solution, and the soaking is carried out under stirring for 30min, and then the boron nitride nanosheet is taken out and dried to obtain the boron nitride nanosheet for surface grafting KH591;

[0092] Step two, 4.0g of the boron nitride nanosheet for surface grafting KH591 is dispersed in 1.6kg of supercritical carbon dioxide to obtain a pre-impregnation dispersion system, and the temperature of the supercritical carbon dioxide is 45℃ and the pressure is 10MPa;

[0093] Step three, the porous thermal insulation substrate for surface grafting KH570 modification treatment is loaded into a forming mold with a size of 400mm*500mm*10mm, and the forming mold filled with the porous thermal insulation substrate for surface grafting KH570 modification treatment is placed in a reaction kettle, the pressure is adjusted to 10MPa, the pre-impregnation dispersion system soaked in step two is pumped into the forming mold in the reaction kettle, and the temperature is kept at 45℃ for 60min, and then the pressure is reduced to normal pressure, the supercritical carbon dioxide solvent is removed, and the temperature is naturally cooled to room temperature, so that the boron nitride nanosheet is uniformly loaded in the aerogel insulation felt to obtain a semi-finished porous thermal insulation fireproof material;

[0094] Step four, the semi-finished porous thermal insulation fireproof material is activated at 120℃ for 1 hour to obtain a finished porous thermal insulation fireproof material, and the loading rate of the boron nitride nanosheet is 5.0wt%.

[0095] The difference between example 5 and example 4 is that in step two, 6.0g of the boron nitride nanosheet for surface grafting KH591 is dispersed in 1.6kg of supercritical carbon dioxide (45℃ / 10MPa) to obtain a pre-impregnation dispersion system. The loading rate of the boron nitride nanosheet in the finished porous thermal insulation fireproof material is 7.4wt%.

[0096] The difference between comparative example 3 and example 4 is that the porous thermal insulation fireproof material is the thermal insulation felt FMB350, and the cutting size of the thermal insulation felt FMB350 is 400mm*500mm*2mm.

[0097] Comparative Example 4 and Example 4 differ in that in Step 2, 2.0 g of surface-grafted KH591 boron nitride nanosheet is dispersed in 1.6 kg of supercritical carbon dioxide (45°C / 10 MPa) to obtain a pre-impregnated dispersion system. The loading rate of boron nitride nanosheet in the finished porous thermal insulation fireproof material is 3.1 wt%.

[0098] Test Sample 6 and Test Sample 1 differ in that the porous thermal insulation fireproof material used in S1 is prepared in Example 4. Test Sample 7 and Test Sample 1 differ in that the porous thermal insulation fireproof material used in S1 is prepared in Example 5. Test Sample 8 and Test Sample 1 differ in that the porous thermal insulation fireproof material used in S1 is thermal insulation felt FMB350, and the cutting size of the thermal insulation felt FMB350 is 400 mm*500 mm*2 mm. Test Sample 9 and Test Sample 1 differ in that the porous thermal insulation fireproof material used in S1 is prepared in Comparative Example 4.

[0099] Table 2 is the performance parameters of the porous thermal insulation fireproof materials in Test Samples 6-9

[0100]

[0101] As can be seen from Table 2, the porous thermal insulation fireproof materials in Examples 4-5 have a fire resistance limit of 0.5 h under the specification of 2.0±0.05 mm, which meets the requirement of the national standard GB / T 51251-2017 that the fire resistance limit of smoke exhaust ducts is ≥0.5 h, and the density is 0.26-0.275 g / cm 3 , and the thermal conductivity is 0.03-0.045 W / (m·K), which can ensure the fireproof and thermal insulation performance of the smoke exhaust duct while further reducing the overall mass of the smoke exhaust duct.

[0102] Comparative Example 5 and Example 1 differ in that in the preparation method of a fireproof and thermal insulation smoke exhaust duct, Step 2, 60 g of silica sol (nanosilica transparent liquid VK-SO1B, Zhejiang Zhitiannan Micro New Material Co., Ltd.) and 15 g of titanium sol (nanometer titanium sol HN-TA33, Hangzhou Hengna New Material Co., Ltd.) are mixed uniformly to obtain an inorganic blocking agent, and the inorganic blocking agent is sprayed on the upper and lower surfaces of the hydrophilic modified porous thermal insulation fireproof material, and the spraying amount of the inorganic blocking agent on one side is 15 g / m 2After spraying, it is placed at 80°C for dehydration condensation reaction for 4 hours to solidify to form an inorganic blocking layer A31 located on the upper surface of the porous thermal insulation and fireproof material and an inorganic blocking layer B32 located on the lower surface of the porous thermal insulation and fireproof material; Step three, silica sol (nano-silica transparent liquid VK-SO1B, Zhejiang Zhiti Nano Micro New Materials Co., Ltd.) is used as an inorganic binder, and the porous thermal insulation and fireproof layer 3 prepared in step two is coated with the inorganic binder on the surface and then coated on the outer wall of the galvanized steel plate 1. The amount of inorganic binder is 30g / m 2 Then, 95Tex quartz fiber yarn SJ101 is used to sew the ends of the porous heat insulation and fireproof layer 3, and then an inorganic adhesive is applied to the other surface of the porous heat insulation and fireproof layer 3. The amount of inorganic adhesive is 30g / m 2 Finally, the assembled color steel plate 2 is molded on the outer periphery of the porous heat insulation and fireproof layer 3 to obtain a semi-finished product, and the remaining steps are the same.

[0103] The difference between Comparative Example 6 and Example 4 is that: in the second step of the preparation method of a fire-resistant and heat-insulating smoke exhaust duct, 60g of silica sol (nano-silica transparent liquid VK-SO1B, Zhejiang Zhiti Nano Micro New Materials Co., Ltd.) and 15g of titanium sol (nano-titanium sol HN-TA33, Hangzhou Hengna New Materials Co., Ltd.) are mixed evenly to obtain an inorganic plugging agent, and the inorganic plugging agent is sprayed on the upper and lower surfaces of the hydrophilically modified porous heat-insulating fireproof material, respectively. The spraying amount of the inorganic plugging agent on one side is 15g / m 2 After spraying, it is placed at 80°C for dehydration condensation reaction for 4 hours to solidify to form an inorganic blocking layer A31 located on the upper surface of the porous thermal insulation and fireproof material and an inorganic blocking layer B32 located on the lower surface of the porous thermal insulation and fireproof material; Step three, silica sol (nano-silica transparent liquid VK-SO1B, Zhejiang Zhiti Nano Micro New Materials Co., Ltd.) is used as an inorganic binder, and the porous thermal insulation and fireproof layer 3 prepared in step two is coated with the inorganic binder on the surface and then coated on the outer wall of the galvanized steel plate 1. The amount of inorganic binder is 30g / m 2 Then, 95tex quartz fiber yarn SJ101 is used to sew the ends of the porous heat insulation and fireproof layer 3, and then the inorganic adhesive is applied to the other surface of the porous heat insulation and fireproof layer 3. The amount of inorganic adhesive is 30g / m 2 Finally, the assembled color steel plate 2 is molded on the outer periphery of the porous heat insulation and fireproof layer 3 to obtain a semi-finished product, and the remaining steps are the same.

[0104] The difference between the test sample 10 and the test sample 1 lies in that: S1. The porous thermal insulation fireproof material prepared in the comparative example 5 is subjected to surface hydrophilic modification treatment: the upper and lower surfaces of the porous thermal insulation fireproof material are subjected to low-temperature plasma treatment, compressed air is used as the gas source of the low-temperature plasma generator, the temperature is set to 4 ℃, and the treatment time is set to 30 s, to obtain the hydrophilic modification treated porous thermal insulation fireproof material; S2. 60 g of silica sol (nanometer silica transparent liquid VK-SO1B, Zhejiang Zhiti Nano Micro New Material Co., Ltd.) and 15 g of titanium sol (nanometer titanium sol HN-TA33, Hangzhou Hengna New Material Co., Ltd.) are mixed uniformly to obtain an inorganic blocking agent, and the inorganic blocking agent is sprayed on the upper and lower surfaces of the hydrophilic modification treated porous thermal insulation fireproof material, and the spraying amount of the inorganic blocking agent on a single surface is 15 g / m 2 After the spraying is completed, dehydration condensation reaction is carried out at 80 ℃ for 4 h to solidify to form an inorganic blocking layer A located on the upper surface of the porous thermal insulation fireproof material and an inorganic blocking layer B located on the lower surface of the porous thermal insulation fireproof material; S3. The silica sol (nanometer silica transparent liquid VK-SO1B, Zhejiang Zhiti Nano Micro New Material Co., Ltd.) is used as an inorganic binder, the porous thermal insulation fireproof layer 3 with the inorganic blocking layer A and the inorganic blocking layer B is coated with the inorganic binder on one surface to composite the release film, and the amount of the inorganic binder is 30 g / m 2 The inorganic binder is further coated on the other surface of the porous thermal insulation fireproof layer 3 to composite the release film, and the amount of the inorganic binder is 30 g / m 2 A 5 kg steel plate is placed on the uppermost release film, and the test sample 10 is obtained after being solidified at room temperature for 24 h.

[0105] The difference between the test sample 11 and the test sample 1 lies in that: S1. The porous thermal insulation fireproof material prepared in the comparative example 6 is subjected to surface hydrophilic modification treatment: the upper and lower surfaces of the porous thermal insulation fireproof material are subjected to low-temperature plasma treatment, compressed air is used as the gas source of the low-temperature plasma generator, the temperature is set to 4 ℃, and the treatment time is set to 30 s, to obtain the hydrophilic modification treated porous thermal insulation fireproof material; S2. 60 g of silica sol (nanometer silica transparent liquid VK-SO1B, Zhejiang Zhiti Nano Micro New Material Co., Ltd.) and 15 g of titanium sol (nanometer titanium sol HN-TA33, Hangzhou Hengna New Material Co., Ltd.) are mixed uniformly to obtain an inorganic blocking agent, and the inorganic blocking agent is sprayed on the upper and lower surfaces of the hydrophilic modification treated porous thermal insulation fireproof material, and the spraying amount of the inorganic blocking agent on a single surface is 15 g / m 2, after spraying, place in 80℃ dehydration condensation reaction 4h curing to form the inorganic blocking layer A located on the upper surface of the porous thermal insulation fireproof material and the inorganic blocking layer B located on the lower surface of the porous thermal insulation fireproof material; S3, the silica sol (nano silica transparent liquid VK-SO1B, Zhejiang Zhitian Micro New Material Co., Ltd.) is used as an inorganic binder, and the porous thermal insulation fireproof layer 3 with the inorganic blocking layer A and the inorganic blocking layer B is coated with an inorganic binder on one surface of the release film, and the amount of the inorganic binder is 30g / m 2 , and the inorganic binder is coated on the other surface of the porous thermal insulation fireproof layer 3 to composite the release film, and the amount of the inorganic binder is 30g / m 2 , and the inorganic binder is coated on the other surface of the porous thermal insulation fireproof layer 3 to composite the release film, and the amount of the inorganic binder is 30g / m

[0106] Table 3 is the performance parameters of the porous thermal insulation fireproof material in test sample 1, test sample 6 and test sample 10-11

[0107]

[0108] As shown in Table 3, the addition of hollow glass beads in the inorganic binder and the inorganic blocking agent is beneficial to reduce the thermal conductivity of the porous thermal insulation fireproof material, so that the thermal conductivity of the porous thermal insulation fireproof material is less than 0.035 W / (m·K), and the porous thermal insulation fireproof material has better fireproof and thermal insulation performance.

[0109] The modified aerogel insulation felt with light weight and high fireproof and thermal insulation performance is used as the fireproof and thermal insulation filling layer of the smoke exhaust air pipe, which gives the smoke exhaust air pipe excellent fireproof and thermal insulation performance, and the overall weight of the smoke exhaust air pipe is at least reduced by 25% compared with the existing smoke exhaust air pipe, which is convenient for transportation, carrying, assembly and construction of the smoke exhaust air pipe, can reduce the assembly cost of the smoke exhaust system, and improves the safety of the fire fighting facilities.

[0110] It should be noted that: the specific embodiments are only an explanation and description of the technical scheme of the present application, and are not a limitation of the present application, and those skilled in the art can make non-creative contribution modifications to the embodiments according to the needs after reading the specification, but as long as it is within the scope of the claims of the present application, it is protected by the patent law.

Claims

1. A fire resistant, thermally insulated, smoke control air duct, characterized in that: It comprises a galvanized steel sheet (1), a color steel sheet (2), and a porous heat insulation fireproof layer (3) fixedly connected between the galvanized steel sheet (1) and the color steel sheet (2); an inorganic blocking layer A (31) is formed on the upper surface of the porous heat insulation fireproof layer (3); an inorganic blocking layer B (32) is formed on the lower surface of the porous heat insulation fireproof layer (3); the inorganic blocking layer A (31) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the color steel sheet (2) through an inorganic adhesive layer A (4); and the inorganic blocking layer B (32) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the galvanized steel sheet (1) through an inorganic adhesive layer B (5).

2. A fire resistant, thermally insulated, smoke control air duct according to claim 1, wherein: The porous heat insulation fireproof layer (3) is a porous heat insulation fireproof material, and a preparation method of the porous heat insulation fireproof material comprises the following steps: Step one, surface grafting modification treatment is performed on the porous heat insulation substrate; Meanwhile, surface grafting modification treatment is performed on the layered two-dimensional nano filler; Step two, the surface grafting modification treated layered two-dimensional nano filler is dispersed in a solvent to obtain a pre-impregnation dispersion system; Step three, the surface modification treated porous heat insulation substrate is soaked in the pre-impregnation dispersion system of step two, and is kept at 40-45℃ for 30-60min, the solvent is removed, and the layered two-dimensional nano filler is uniformly loaded in the aerogel insulation blanket to obtain a semi-finished product of the porous heat insulation fireproof material; Step four, the semi-finished product of the porous heat insulation fireproof material is activated at 80-140℃ for 0.5-2 hours to obtain a finished product of the porous heat insulation fireproof material.

3. A fire resistant, thermally insulated, smoke control air duct according to claim 2, wherein: The porous heat insulation substrate in step one is an aerogel insulation blanket, and the thickness specification of the aerogel insulation blanket is 2mm or 3mm or 5mm or 6mm or 9mm or 10mm.

4. A fire resistant, thermally insulated, smoke control air duct according to claim 2, wherein: The porous heat insulation substrate is selected from any one of heat insulation felt FMD450, heat insulation felt FMB350, heat insulation felt FMB400, heat insulation felt FMC200, heat insulation felt FMA400, and heat insulation felt FMA650.

5. A fire resistant, thermally insulated, smoke control air duct according to claim 2, wherein: The layered two-dimensional nano filler is one or a combination of boron nitride, molybdenum disulfide, and tungsten disulfide.

6. A fire resistant, thermally insulated, smoke control air duct according to claim 2, wherein: In step one, surface grafting modification treatment is performed on the porous heat insulation substrate, and the specific process is as follows: the porous heat insulation substrate is soaked in a 0.5-5wt% methacryloxy silane ethanol aqueous solution, and is soaked for 5-60min under stirring, and then is taken out and dried to obtain the porous heat insulation substrate subjected to surface grafting methacryloxy silane modification treatment; and the surface grafting modification treatment is performed on the layered two-dimensional nano filler, and the specific process is as follows: the layered two-dimensional nano filler is soaked in a 0.5-5wt% mercapto silane ethanol aqueous solution, and is soaked for 5-60min under stirring, and then is taken out and dried to obtain the layered two-dimensional nano filler subjected to surface grafting mercapto silane modification treatment.

7. A fire resistant, thermally insulated, smoke control air duct according to claim 6, wherein: In step two, the surface grafting modification treated layered two-dimensional nano filler is dispersed in supercritical carbon dioxide to obtain a pre-impregnation dispersion system, and the temperature of the supercritical carbon dioxide is 40-45℃, and the pressure is 10-15MPa.

8. A fire resistant, thermally insulated, smoke control air duct according to claim 1, wherein: The inorganic blocking layer A (31) and the inorganic blocking layer B (32) are both formed by curing of an inorganic blocking agent; the inorganic blocking agent is made of a metal oxide composite sol system and a low-density thermal insulation filler; the low-density thermal insulation filler is at least one of hollow glass microbeads and aerogel powder; the hollow glass microbeads have a true density ≤ 0.65 g / cm 3 ; the aerogel powder has a true density ≤ 0.50 g / cm 3 ; the content of the low-density thermal insulation filler in the inorganic blocking agent is 5-50 wt%; the metal oxide composite sol system is an aluminum hydroxide / silicon dioxide composite sol prepared by a sol-gel method; or the metal oxide composite sol system is a titanium dioxide / silicon dioxide composite sol prepared by a sol-gel method.

9. A fire resistant, thermally insulated, smoke control air duct according to claim 1, wherein: The inorganic adhesive layer A (4) and the inorganic adhesive layer B (5) are both formed by curing of an inorganic adhesive; the inorganic adhesive is hollow glass microsphere / silica sol composite glue, which is made of silica sol and hollow glass microspheres in a mass ratio of 100:(15-40); the hollow glass microspheres have a D 50 of 30-60 μm and a true density ≤ 0.65 g / cm 3 .

10. A method of making a fire resistant, thermally insulated, smoke control air duct according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are included: Step one, preparation of the porous heat insulation fireproof layer (3); Step two, spray inorganic blocking agent on the upper and lower surfaces of the porous thermal insulation fireproof layer (3) respectively, the spraying amount of single-sided inorganic blocking agent is 10-60 g / m 2 After spraying, place it at 80-120 ℃ for 1-4 h for dehydration condensation reaction to form inorganic blocking layer A (31) on the upper surface of the porous thermal insulation fireproof material and inorganic blocking layer B (32) on the lower surface of the porous thermal insulation fireproof material. Step three, the surface of the porous thermal insulation fireproof layer (3) prepared in step two is coated with inorganic adhesive, and then the porous thermal insulation fireproof layer (3) is wrapped on the outer wall of the galvanized steel plate (1). Subsequently, the quartz fiber yarn is used to sew the first end and the second end of the porous thermal insulation fireproof layer (3). Then, the other surface of the porous thermal insulation fireproof layer (3) is coated with inorganic adhesive. Finally, the assembled color steel plate (2) is combined with the outer periphery of the porous thermal insulation fireproof layer (3) to obtain a semi-finished product. Step four, the semi-finished product is placed at room temperature for 6-24 hours to obtain a finished product smoke exhaust air duct.

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