Power distribution system fire warning device based on pyrolysis particle detection and installation method

Abstract

The application relates to a power distribution system fire early warning device based on pyrolysis particle detection and a mounting method, which comprises a pyrolysis particle detection device including a sampling part and a monitoring part, the monitoring part includes a pyrolysis particle detector, the sampling part includes a multi-pass connector and a plurality of wind receivers, the multi-pass connector has a plurality of sample inlet joints and a sample outlet joint, and each wind receiver is connected with a sample inlet joint; the pyrolysis particle detector is connected with the sample outlet joint through a pipeline; the wind receiving pipe is fixed on the position facing the heat dissipation fan through a mounting plate and a supporting rod, the positive pressure formed by the heat dissipation fan on the wind receiving pipe enables the sampling part to collect and detect the air sample from the target power distribution equipment without negative pressure extraction or only with a small negative pressure; more negative pressure equipment does not need to be configured due to the increase of the pipeline, the cost is reduced, the multi-pass connector increases the interface flexibility, the pipeline is conveniently expanded in the later period, and the monitored power distribution equipment is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of power distribution equipment, specifically relating to a fire early warning device and installation method for a power distribution system based on pyrolysis particle detection. Background Technology

[0002] In power distribution systems, electrical fires caused by thermal runaway of equipment such as distribution cabinets are a significant cause of fires. The electrical components that trigger the fire continuously release pyrolysis particles before the fire occurs. Taking a fire caused by cable overheating as an example, the fire typically progresses through the following stages: cable overheating → pyrolysis particle release → VOC appearance → smoke → open flame. If a fire alarm can be issued during the pyrolysis particle release stage, a warning time of several minutes (approximately 17 minutes on average for cables) or even several hours can be provided. Therefore, early fire monitoring using pyrolysis particle detectors is an effective early warning method.

[0003] Patent CN213782626U discloses an intelligent power distribution system based on pyrolysis particle detection. By placing pyrolysis particle sensors at the air outlets, the system monitors pyrolysis particles and issues alarm signals, ensuring timely fire rescue and reducing fire losses. The drawbacks of this solution are that it requires a pyrolysis particle sensor at the air outlet of each cabinet in the power distribution system. Due to the lack of dedicated protection, the small pyrolysis particle sensors are easily affected by dust around the cabinets, leading to false alarms. Furthermore, the cost of installing a pyrolysis particle sensor in each cabinet is relatively high.

[0004] In view of this, it is necessary to propose a detection device that is lower in cost and can monitor multiple power distribution equipment at the same time. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a detection device based on pyrolysis particle detection technology, which is easy to install and expand, and can monitor multiple power distribution equipment simultaneously.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this invention discloses a fire early warning device for power distribution systems based on pyrolysis particle detection, used for monitoring pyrolysis particles in power distribution equipment with cooling fans; the pyrolysis particle detection device includes a sampling unit and a monitoring unit, the monitoring unit includes a pyrolysis particle detector, the sampling unit includes a multi-port connector and multiple air receivers, the multi-port connector has multiple inlet connectors and one outlet connector, and each air receiver is connected to one inlet connector; the pyrolysis particle detector is connected to the outlet connector through a conduit.

[0007] The air receiver includes a mounting plate, a support rod, and an air receiving pipe. The air receiving pipe is used to collect the air blown out by the cooling fan. The air receiving pipe is trumpet-shaped, with its smaller diameter end connected to a multi-port connector via a flexible hose, and the diameter of its larger diameter end not exceeding the radius of the cooling fan. A filter screen is detachably provided on the inner side of the air receiving pipe, and a portion of the air delivered by the cooling fan flows into the flexible hose after being filtered by the filter screen.

[0008] Preferably, the filter screen is one of the following: conical, semi-conical, concave curved, or planar.

[0009] Preferably, the filter screen is a semi-conical shape adapted to the shape of the air receiving duct, and there is a 1-5mm gap between the filter screen and the inner wall of the air receiving duct. The air collected from the channel between the filter screen and the inner wall of the air receiving part flows into the hose.

[0010] Preferably, the inner wall of the air receiving duct is provided with granular or striped protrusions for supporting the filter screen.

[0011] Preferably, the air duct has a skirt at the end near the cooling fan.

[0012] Preferably, the skirt is made of an impermeable material at least on the side near the fan edge.

[0013] Preferably, the support rod is L-shaped, with the end of the long side connected to the mounting plate and the end of the short side connected to the outer wall of the wind-receiving part; the long side of the support rod is an elastic rod or is detachably connected to the mounting part.

[0014] An installation method for a fire early warning device for a power distribution system based on pyrolysis particle detection is characterized in that: the mounting plate is fixed to the panel near the cooling fan by adhesive or fasteners, with the air receiving duct facing the cooling fan and the air receiving duct set close to the edge of the cooling fan; the side of the skirt near the fan edge is made of an airtight material to prevent the return air at the edge of the cooling fan from directly entering the air receiving duct.

[0015] Preferably, the distance between the skirt and the cooling fan is no more than 10mm. When the skirt is blocked by the protective net of the cooling fan, a notch is cut on the skirt at the position corresponding to the protective net ring or mesh, so that the skirt part passes through the protective net and is stuck on the protective net.

[0016] Preferably, the filter screen is snapped into the air duct, and the filter screen needs to be inspected or replaced regularly.

[0017] The fire early warning device and installation method for power distribution systems based on pyrolysis particle detection of the present invention have at least the following advantages:

[0018] 1. The air receiving duct is fixed to the position facing the cooling fan using a mounting plate and support rod, allowing it to directly capture the air delivered by the cooling fan and transport it through a duct to the multi-way connector for monitoring. By utilizing the positive pressure created by the cooling fan on the air receiving duct, the sampling unit can collect and detect air samples from the target power distribution equipment (via the multi-way connector) without the need for negative pressure extraction or with only a small negative pressure. This feature allows one pyrolysis particle detector to simultaneously detect multiple power distribution equipment without requiring additional negative pressure equipment due to increased piping, thus reducing costs. The multi-way connector increases interface flexibility, facilitating future expansion of piping and adding monitored power distribution equipment. Due to the low marginal cost, users are incentivized to adopt the more expensive pyrolysis particle detector with a dual-stage detection chamber (cloud chamber and optical scattering chamber) for more accurate detection and stronger anti-interference capabilities.

[0019] 2. The trumpet-shaped air duct helps to generate greater air pressure in the duct, so that the air delivered by the cooling fan can be smoothly delivered to the pyrolysis particle detector.

[0020] 3. The filter is easy to replace. The conical filter increases the air intake area and effectively blocks mosquitoes, large dust particles and other particles from entering the pyrolysis particle detector, reducing the interference of dust in the environment on the detection.

[0021] 4. The skirt design allows the air duct to be closer to the cooling fan, and the skirt is made of an airtight material, which can better prevent environmental dust from directly entering the air duct and reduce the filtration burden on the filter.

[0022] 5. Due to the small size of the air duct and its suspension installation via L-shaped support rods, it has little impact on the cooling effect of the cooling fan. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a wind receiver, where arrows indicate the direction of wind flow.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a mounting plate and support rod.

[0025] The numbers in the diagram are: mounting plate 1, support rod 2, air duct 3, filter screen 4, protrusion 5, skirt 6, and hose 7. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The present invention will be further described in detail below through embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can implement it based on the description.

[0027] It should be understood that terms such as “having,” “comprising,” and “including” as used herein do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or combinations thereof.

[0028] A fire early warning device for power distribution systems based on pyrolysis particle detection is installed on the outside of a power distribution cabinet, near a cooling fan, to monitor power distribution equipment with cooling fans for pyrolysis particles. The pyrolysis particle detection device includes a sampling section and a monitoring section. The monitoring section includes a pyrolysis particle detector, and the sampling section includes a multi-port connector and multiple air receivers. The multi-port connector has multiple inlet connectors and one outlet connector, and each air receiver is connected to one inlet connector. The pyrolysis particle detector is connected to the outlet connector via a conduit.

[0029] like Figure 1-2 As shown, the air receiver includes a mounting plate 1, a support rod 2, and an air receiving pipe 3. The air receiving pipe 3 is used to collect the air blown out by the cooling fan. The air receiving pipe 3 is trumpet-shaped, with its smaller diameter end connected to a multi-port connector via a flexible hose 7, and the diameter of its larger diameter end not exceeding the radius of the cooling fan. A filter screen 4 is detachably provided on the inner side of the air receiving pipe 3, and a portion of the air sent out by the cooling fan flows into the flexible hose 7 after being filtered by the filter screen 4.

[0030] The filter 4 can be a planar filter, or a conical, semi-conical, or concave curved filter. In this embodiment, the filter 4 is a semi-conical shape that matches the shape of the air receiving duct 3. The mesh size of the filter 4 should not be greater than 50μm. The filter 4 has a distance of 1-5mm from the inner wall of the air receiving duct 3. The air collected from the channel between the filter 4 and the inner wall of the air receiving part flows into the hose.

[0031] The inner wall of the air receiving duct 3 is provided with granular or striped protrusions 5 for supporting the filter screen 4. The filter screen 4 has a support frame, and the granular or striped protrusions 5 support the support frame, thereby ensuring the stability of the distance between the filter screen 4 and the air receiving duct 3.

[0032] The air receiving duct 3 is provided with a skirt 6 near the cooling fan end, and the skirt 6 is made of an impermeable material at least on its side near the fan edge. Since return air inevitably flows into the power distribution equipment at the edge of the cooling fan, the use of an impermeable material on the side of the skirt 6 near the fan edge can effectively prevent the return air from directly entering the air receiving duct 3, reducing the interference of dust in the environment on the test results. Preferably, the side of the skirt 6 away from the fan edge can be provided with a notch or a permeable mesh to reduce its disturbance to the fan exhaust and reduce the vibration of the air receiving duct 3 when the fan blows towards it.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, the support rod 2 is L-shaped, with the end of the long side connected to the mounting plate 1 and the end of the short side connected to the outer wall of the wind-receiving part; the long side of the support rod 2 is an elastic rod or is detachably connected to the mounting part.

[0034] An installation method for a fire early warning device for a power distribution system based on pyrolysis particle detection is characterized in that: the mounting plate 1 is fixed to the panel near the cooling fan by adhesive or fasteners, at which time the air receiving duct 3 faces the cooling fan and is set close to the edge of the cooling fan; the side of the skirt 6 near the fan edge is made of an airtight material to prevent the return air at the edge of the cooling fan from directly entering the air receiving duct 3.

[0035] The distance between the skirt edge 6 and the cooling fan is no more than 10mm. When the cooling fan's protective netting blocks the skirt edge 6, a notch is cut on the skirt edge 6 at the position corresponding to the protective netting ring or mesh, so that part of the skirt edge 6 passes through the protective netting and is stuck on the protective netting.

[0036] The filter screen 4 is snapped into the air duct 3, such as by a threaded or snap-fit ​​connection that is easy to disassemble; the filter screen 4 needs to be inspected or replaced regularly, and the filter screen 4 is low in cost and easy to replace and maintain.

[0037] Although embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and embodiments. They can be applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other modifications can be easily made. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and their equivalents, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and embodiments shown and described herein.

Claims

1. A fire early warning device for a power distribution system based on pyrolysis particle detection, used for monitoring pyrolysis particles in power distribution equipment with cooling fans, characterized in that: The fire early warning device for power distribution systems based on pyrolysis particle detection includes a sampling unit and a monitoring unit. The monitoring unit includes a pyrolysis particle detector, and the sampling unit includes a multi-port connector and multiple air receivers. The multi-port connector has multiple inlet connectors and one outlet connector, and each air receiver is connected to an inlet connector. The pyrolysis particle detector is connected to the outlet connector through a conduit. The air receiver includes a mounting plate, a support rod, and an air receiving pipe. The air receiving pipe is used to collect the air blown out by the cooling fan. The air receiving pipe is trumpet-shaped, with its smaller diameter end connected to a multi-port connector via a flexible hose, and the diameter of its larger diameter end not exceeding the radius of the cooling fan. A filter screen is detachably provided on the inner side of the air receiving pipe, and a portion of the air delivered by the cooling fan flows into the flexible hose after being filtered by the filter screen. The filter screen is one of the following: conical, semi-conical, concave curved, or planar. The inner wall of the air receiving duct is provided with granular or striped protrusions for supporting the filter screen; The air receiving duct is provided with a skirt at the end near the cooling fan. The skirt is made of an airtight material at least on the side near the edge of the fan to prevent the return air at the edge of the cooling fan from directly entering the air receiving duct. When the skirt edge is blocked by the protective netting of the cooling fan, cut a notch on the skirt edge at the position corresponding to the protective netting ring or mesh, so that the skirt edge passes through the protective netting and is secured to it.

2. The fire early warning device for power distribution systems based on pyrolysis particle detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter screen is a cone or semi-conical shape adapted to the shape of the air receiving duct. The filter screen has a gap of 1-5mm between it and the inner wall of the air receiving duct. The air collected from the channel between the filter screen and the inner wall of the air receiving part flows into the hose.

3. The fire early warning device for power distribution systems based on pyrolysis particle detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support rod is L-shaped, with the end of the long side connected to the mounting plate and the end of the short side connected to the outer wall of the wind-receiving part; the long side of the support rod is made of elastic rod or is detachably connected to the mounting part.

4. An installation method for a fire early warning device for a power distribution system based on pyrolysis particle detection as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting plate is fixed to the panel near the cooling fan using adhesive or fasteners, with the air duct facing the cooling fan and positioned close to the edge of the cooling fan.

5. The installation method of the fire early warning device for power distribution system based on pyrolysis particle detection according to claim 4, characterized in that: The distance between the skirt and the cooling fan is no more than 10mm.

6. The installation method of the fire early warning device for power distribution system based on pyrolysis particle detection according to claim 4, characterized in that: The filter screen is connected to the air receiving duct, and the filter screen needs to be inspected or replaced regularly.

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