Air quality monitoring device and monitoring method

Abstract

The invention discloses an air quality monitoring device which comprises multiple monitoring sensors and further comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle, and the multiple monitoring sensors are arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle at intervals. The mounting bottom plate is mounted at the top of the unmanned aerial vehicle; the gas sampling pump is arranged on the mounting bottom plate; the multi-way reversing valve is mounted on the mounting bottom plate; the multiple directional control valve is communicated with the multiple collection tanks, and the collection tanks are arranged at intervals; and the supporting frame is arranged at the bottom of the unmanned aerial vehicle. The method is applied to an air quality monitoring process in a factory boundary area of a high-pollution factory building. The unmanned aerial vehicle inspects a plurality of detection points in sequence according to a pre-planned path, the unmanned aerial vehicle stops at each detection point for a period of time, in the stop time, the monitoring sensor monitors the air quality, and when the monitoring sensor displays that the air quality is abnormal, related workers are notified to perform air sampling; and subsequent traceability and repair work are facilitated. The acquisition cost and the maintenance cost of the monitoring device are low.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of air detection technology, and in particular to an air quality monitoring device and monitoring method. Background Technology

[0002] With the booming development of heavy industry, the number of highly polluting factories such as metal smelters, chemical plants, and petrochemical plants is increasing day by day. These highly polluting factories generate a large amount of waste gas during the production process, which has a significant impact on the environment and human health.

[0003] Although existing high-polluting factories are equipped with exhaust gas treatment systems to ensure that their emissions meet national standards, it is still necessary to guard against occasional leaks from these factories to prevent large-scale safety incidents caused by exhaust gas leaks.

[0004] Traditional monitoring methods often rely on online GC-MS detection systems, but these systems are expensive, with a single industrial-grade online GC-MS system costing between 100,000 and 300,000 yuan or even more. Furthermore, multiple systems need to be deployed to cover the entire factory boundary, resulting in a huge investment. The maintenance costs of online GC-MS systems are also high, which is detrimental to the cost reduction and efficiency improvement strategies advocated by existing factories.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to propose an air quality monitoring device and method to reduce the cost of air quality detection, which has become an important technical problem that urgently needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This application provides an air quality monitoring device and method, aiming to solve the problem of excessively high purchase and maintenance costs of existing online GC-MS detection systems.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this application proposes an air quality monitoring device, including multiple monitoring sensors, and further comprising: a drone, with multiple monitoring sensors spaced apart on the drone; a mounting base plate, with the mounting base plate mounted on the top of the drone; an air sampling pump, with the air sampling pump mounted on the mounting base plate; a multi-way reversing valve, with the multi-way reversing valve mounted on the mounting base plate; multiple collection tanks, with the multi-way reversing valve connecting multiple collection tanks, and the collection tanks spaced apart; and a support frame, with the support frame mounted on the bottom of the drone.

[0008] In some embodiments, the collection tank includes: a main tank body; an upper cover connected to the upper end of the main tank body; a lower cover connected to the lower end of the main tank body; an injection check valve disposed on the upper cover and connected to a multi-way directional valve; and an exhaust valve disposed on the lower cover.

[0009] In some embodiments, the collection tank further includes: a detection plate, which is disposed on the top cover; and a detection sensor, which is disposed on the detection plate.

[0010] In some embodiments, the collection tank further includes: a solenoid valve, which is disposed on the top cover; and a piston, which is movably disposed within the main tank.

[0011] In some embodiments, the collection tank further includes a folded portion, which is disposed on the piston.

[0012] Based on another objective of the present invention, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an air quality monitoring method, wherein the monitoring method uses the air quality monitoring device as described above, and the monitoring method specifically includes the following steps: S1, the monitoring device operates at a low power consumption at a detection point and detects the air condition through multiple monitoring sensors; S2, when the data from the monitoring sensors meets the preset trigger conditions, the control terminal generates a trigger signal; S3, the air sampling pump is turned on, and outside air is introduced into a collection tank through a multi-way reversing valve; S4, after the monitoring time at a detection point is greater than a preset period, the monitoring device flies to the next detection point; S5, S1-S4 are repeated.

[0013] In some embodiments, the various monitoring sensors in S1 above specifically include: a hydrogen sulfide concentration sensor, an ammonia concentration sensor, a volatile organic compound sensor, an ozone sensor, and a temperature and humidity sensor.

[0014] In some embodiments, in S2 above, the conditions for generating the trigger signal are as follows: A1. When the concentration of hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, volatile organic compounds, or ozone exceeds a preset threshold, a corresponding trigger signal is generated. A2. When the rate of increase in the concentration of volatile organic compounds exceeds a preset threshold, a corresponding trigger signal is generated; A3. When the intensity of air odor exceeds a preset threshold, a corresponding trigger signal is generated.

[0015] In some embodiments, in S2 above, the control terminal acquires on-site wind speed data, and the control terminal adjusts the threshold in the generation process of the trigger signal in real time according to the wind speed data. The specific adjustment method is as follows: , In the formula, The threshold is obtained after real-time adjustment. The preset threshold, This is a correction factor.

[0016] In some embodiments, the method for calculating the intensity of air odor in A3 above is as follows: , In the formula, I represents the intensity of air odor. B represents the signal array transmitted from various monitoring sensors, and B represents the regression coefficient matrix.

[0017] This application proposes an air quality monitoring device, including multiple monitoring sensors, a drone with various sensors spaced apart, a mounting base mounted on the top of the drone, an air sampling pump mounted on the mounting base, a multi-way reversing valve mounted on the mounting base, multiple collection tanks connected to the multi-way reversing valve, and the collection tanks spaced apart, and a support frame mounted on the bottom of the drone. During air quality monitoring within the boundary area of ​​a high-pollution factory, the drone sequentially inspects multiple monitoring points along a pre-planned path. The drone pauses at each monitoring point for 10-20 minutes. During this pause, the monitoring sensors on the drone simply monitor the air quality. When the sensors indicate abnormal air quality, relevant personnel are notified and air samples are taken to facilitate subsequent source tracing and remediation. The drone has a low procurement cost, and a single air quality monitoring device can monitor the entire factory boundary area, resulting in low procurement costs. Furthermore, the drone's short continuous flight time allows for long overall endurance, enabling 24 / 7 monitoring with only periodic battery replacements, thus reducing maintenance costs. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort, wherein: Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of an air quality monitoring device in one embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the collection tank in one embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the collection tank in one embodiment of this application; Figure 4 for Figure 3 A magnified view of a section at point A in the middle; Figure 5 This is a planning diagram of the detection points and the factory boundary area in one embodiment of this application.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. UAV; 2. Support frame; 3. Mounting base plate; 4. Multi-way reversing valve; 5. Data collection tank; 51. Injection check valve; 52. Detection sensor; 53. Solenoid valve; 54. Sealing gasket; 55. Main tank body; 56. Lower cover; 57. Exhaust valve; 58. Upper cover; 59. Detection plate; 510. Opening; 511. Piston; 512. Folding part; 513. Sealing ring; 6. Monitoring sensor; 7. Detection point; 8. Plant boundary area. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0021] It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of this application are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicator will also change accordingly.

[0022] It should also be noted that when a component is referred to as "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on the other component or may have an intervening component present. When a component is referred to as "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or may have an intervening component present.

[0023] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first" and "second" in this application is for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. Additionally, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but only on the basis of being achievable by those skilled in the art. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, such a combination of technical solutions should be considered non-existent and not within the scope of protection claimed in this application.

[0024] Example 1 See Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, this application proposes an air quality monitoring device, including multiple monitoring sensors 6, and further including: a drone 1, with the multiple monitoring sensors 6 spaced apart on the drone 1; a mounting base 3, with the mounting base 3 mounted on the top of the drone 1; an air sampling pump, with the air sampling pump mounted on the mounting base 3; a multi-way reversing valve 4, with the multi-way reversing valve 4 mounted on the mounting base 3; multiple collection tanks 5, with the multi-way reversing valve 4 connecting to multiple collection tanks 5, and the collection tanks 5 spaced apart; and a support frame 2, with the support frame 2 mounted on the bottom of the drone 1.

[0025] The UAV 1 is the basic structure of the air quality monitoring device, and all other structures on the air quality monitoring device are directly or indirectly mounted on the UAV 1. The UAV 1 includes a frame, a power system, an energy system, a flight control system, a navigation and guidance system, and an obstacle avoidance system. The power system includes a brushless motor, an electronic speed controller, and propellers, providing power for the UAV 1's flight. The energy system consists of a lithium battery pack and a supporting power supply network, supplying power to the power system, flight control system, navigation and guidance system, and obstacle avoidance system. The flight control system includes a control terminal, attitude sensors, and altitude / position sensors. The control terminal is used to run flight control algorithms, process data from monitoring sensors 6, and output control commands. Attitude sensors include accelerometers, gyroscopes, and magnetometers, which can sense the attitude and angular velocity of the UAV 1. The altitude / position sensors are used to determine flight altitude and spatial position. A support frame 2 is mounted on the frame. The support frame 2 facilitates the UAV 1's resting at detection point 7, reducing the UAV 1's requirement for the flatness of detection point 7. The drone 1 can move within the factory boundary area 8 around the highly polluting factory to monitor the factory boundary area 8.

[0026] Multiple detection points 7 are evenly spaced within the factory boundary area 8. Drone 1 sequentially inspects these points 7 along a pre-planned path, stopping at each point for 10-20 minutes. During this time, the monitoring sensors 6 on Drone 1 monitor air quality. When the sensors indicate abnormal air quality, the built-in 4G / LTE or Wi-Fi module on Drone 1 uploads data packets to a cloud server and sends a notification to maintenance personnel, indicating an air pollution incident at a specific location. Through the sequential inspections by Drone 1, the entire factory boundary area 8 can be effectively monitored. In the event of a leak, the air quality monitoring device can promptly detect the abnormal event and notify relevant maintenance personnel. Furthermore, due to the short continuous flight time of Drone 1, its overall battery life is relatively long; periodic battery replacements are sufficient for 24 / 7 monitoring, resulting in low maintenance costs.

[0027] In this embodiment, detection is only performed when the UAV 1 is stationary at detection point 7. While the UAV 1 is in flight, the control terminal ignores or turns off the monitoring sensor 6 to avoid the strong airflow generated during the flight of the UAV 1 affecting the monitoring results of the monitoring sensor 6 and improve the accuracy of the monitoring data.

[0028] The mounting base plate 3 is installed onto the drone 1 using screws and other fasteners. The air sampling pump and multi-way reversing valve 4 are also installed onto the mounting base plate 3 using screws and other fasteners. The inlet of the multi-way reversing valve 4 is connected to the air sampling pump, and the multiple outlets of the multi-way reversing valve 4 are connected to multiple sampling tanks 5. By adjusting the air path through the multi-way reversing valve 4, the first sampling tank 5 is filled when the control terminal sends its first trigger signal, and the sampling time and location of the first sampling tank 5 are recorded. When the control terminal sends its second trigger signal, the second sampling tank 5 is filled, and the sampling time and location of the second sampling tank 5 are recorded, and so on. Maintenance personnel periodically retrieve the sampled sampling tanks 5 and analyze them in the laboratory using high-precision instruments such as thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to obtain the precise composition and concentration of pollutants in the pollution event. Finally, the precise composition data obtained from the laboratory analysis will be integrated with the concentration changes and environmental parameters recorded by on-site sensors. Analyzing what substances caused the pollution incident and its causes provides precise and meticulous evidence for subsequent source tracing and decision-making.

[0029] Among them, the UAV 1, the gas sampling pump, and the multi-way reversing valve 4 are all mature existing technologies, and no restrictions are placed on the specific structure of the UAV 1, the gas sampling pump, and the multi-way reversing valve 4.

[0030] Specifically, during air quality monitoring within the boundary area 8 of a highly polluting factory, drone 1 sequentially inspects multiple monitoring points 7 along a pre-planned route. Drone 1 pauses at each monitoring point for 10-20 minutes. During this pause, the monitoring sensors 6 on drone 1 perform basic air quality monitoring. When the sensors indicate abnormal air quality, relevant personnel are notified, and air samples are taken to facilitate subsequent source tracing and remediation. Drone 1 has a low procurement cost, and a single air quality monitoring device can monitor the entire factory boundary area 8, resulting in low procurement costs. Furthermore, the short continuous flight time of drone 1 allows for a long overall battery life; periodic battery replacements are sufficient for 24 / 7 monitoring, leading to low maintenance costs.

[0031] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, in some embodiments, the collection tank 5 includes: a main tank body 55; an upper cover 58 connected to the upper end of the main tank body 55; the main tank body 55 is connected to the upper cover 58 by bolts or other fasteners; a lower cover 56 connected to the lower end of the main tank body 55; the main tank body 55 is connected to the lower cover 56 by bolts or other fasteners; an injection check valve 51 is located on the upper cover 58 and is connected to a multi-way reversing valve 4; the injection check valve 51 is connected to the outlet valve of the multi-way reversing valve 4 by bolts or other fasteners. During the filling of the collection tank 5, the control terminal controls the gas collection pump to start and controls the multi-way reversing valve 4 to switch to the corresponding gas path. Gas is ejected from the corresponding outlet valve, passes through the injection check valve 51, and enters the storage space formed by the main tank body 55, the upper cover 58, and the lower cover 56, completing the gas collection. An exhaust valve 57 is provided on the lower cover 56. The original gas in the storage space can be discharged through the exhaust valve 57.

[0032] Understandably, during the gas extraction process, the control terminal opens the exhaust valve 57 to exhaust all the original gas from the gas extraction pump, connecting pipeline, multi-way reversing valve 4, and storage space. After fully venting for 10-30 seconds, the exhaust valve 57 is closed. Once the gas pressure in the storage space reaches the set value, the gas extraction pump is shut off, completing the gas extraction operation.

[0033] In this embodiment, a sealing gasket 54 is provided between the upper cover 58 and the main tank 55, and a sealing gasket 54 is also provided between the lower cover 56 and the main tank 55. The sealing gasket 54 is used to ensure the sealing performance of the storage space formed by the main tank 55, the upper cover 58 and the lower cover 56, so as to prevent the air sample obtained from sampling from escaping.

[0034] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, the collection tank 5 further includes: a detection plate 59, which is mounted on the top cover 58; the detection plate 59 is installed on the collection tank 59 by bolts or other fasteners; and a detection sensor 52, which is mounted on the collection tank 59. The detection sensor 52 is a single type of sensor, preferably one of a hydrogen sulfide concentration sensor, an ammonia concentration sensor, a volatile organic compound sensor, or an ozone sensor. The detection sensor 52 is used to verify whether the concentration of relevant parameters of the gas drawn into the collection tank 5 matches the data of the corresponding monitoring sensor 6. When the data matches and the ventilation time is greater than 10 seconds, the exhaust valve 57 can be closed to collect gas; when the data does not match, ventilation continues. By setting the detection sensor 52, the accuracy of the precise air composition data obtained in the subsequent laboratory can be significantly improved.

[0035] In this embodiment, a sealing ring 513 is also provided between the detection plate 59 and the upper cover 58 to ensure the sealing performance between the detection plate 59 and the upper cover 58.

[0036] See Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments, the collection tank 5 further includes: a solenoid valve 53, which is disposed on the upper cover 58; the upper cover 58 has two openings 510 spaced apart, one opening 510 connected to an injection check valve 51, and the other opening 510 connected to the solenoid valve 53; and a piston 511, which is movably disposed within the main tank 55. The piston 511 divides the storage space into two parts, one for storing raw air and the other for storing sampled air. The piston 511 allows the raw air within the main tank 55 to be better discharged, preventing cross-contamination between the raw air and the sampled air, thus avoiding impact on the accuracy of subsequent laboratory data on the precise composition of the air.

[0037] Understandably, during the sampling process, the injection check valve 51 opens, the exhaust valve 57 opens and then immediately closes, and the solenoid valve 53 opens. Air is introduced through the injection check valve 51 and discharged through the solenoid valve 53, expelling the raw gas from the air pump, connecting pipeline, and multi-way reversing valve 4. When the data from the detection sensor 52 begins to match the data from a certain monitoring sensor 6, the solenoid valve 53 closes and the exhaust valve 57 opens. The piston 511 moves downward under the pressure difference until it abuts against the lower cover 56. When obtaining air from the sampling container in the laboratory, gas is injected through the exhaust valve 57 and the solenoid valve 53 is opened, causing the piston 511 to move upward under the pressure difference, expelling all the sample air from the sampling container.

[0038] See Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, the sampling tank 5 components further include a folding portion 512, which is provided on the piston 511. During gas sampling or exhaust, the folding portion 512 is stretched and unfolded, using elastic deformation to withstand the influence of pressure difference on the piston 511, avoiding large deformation of the piston 511 and improving the reliability of piston 511 separation. Furthermore, the folding portion 512 is an axisymmetric elastic body; when stretched or compressed, its restoring force always points towards the geometric center. This restoring force continuously pulls the piston 511 back to the central position, allowing the piston 511 to automatically maintain a uniform gap with the tank wall during movement, preventing jamming.

[0039] In this embodiment, a sealing element is also provided between the piston 511 and the sampling canister. The sealing element is made of a PTFE+graphite composite material. The piston 511 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene material, and the folded part 512 is made of fluororubber material. The folded part 512 is connected to the piston 511 by adhesive bonding and then vulcanized under high temperature and high pressure. At high temperature, the adhesive reacts with the active groups on the PTFE surface and the fluororubber molecular chains to form strong chemical bonds, so that the folded part 512 and the piston 511 form a reliable connection.

[0040] Example 2 In this embodiment, the parts that are the same as in Embodiment 1 are given the same reference numerals, and the same text descriptions are omitted.

[0041] This embodiment discloses an air quality monitoring method. The monitoring method uses the air quality monitoring device described above, and the monitoring method specifically includes the following steps: S1. The monitoring device operates at a low power consumption level at a detection point 7, detecting air quality through multiple monitoring sensors 6. In the low power consumption mode, only the monitoring sensors 6 and the control terminal are turned on. The monitoring device operates at a low power consumption level at a detection point 7 for 10-20 minutes. During the operation, the monitoring sensors 6 simply monitor the air quality. When the sensors show abnormal air quality, the device uploads data packets to the cloud server through the 4G / LTE or Wi-Fi module built into the drone 1 and sends a notification to the maintenance personnel, indicating that an air pollution event has occurred at a certain location.

[0042] S2. When the data from the monitoring sensor 6 meets the preset trigger conditions, the control terminal generates a trigger signal; when the data from multiple monitoring sensors 6 trigger any of the trigger conditions, the control terminal will generate a trigger signal. The control terminal can be either a PLC or a CPU.

[0043] S3. The air sampling pump is activated, drawing outside air into a sampling tank 5 through a multi-way reversing valve 4. Upon receiving a trigger signal, the air sampling pump starts, providing power for air collection. The air flows into the multi-way reversing valve 4 under its control and then into the sampling tank 5. The sampling time, sampling location, and data from the monitoring sensor 6 in the sampling tank 5 are all recorded to facilitate analysis of the pollution events involving the substances involved and their causes, providing precise and meticulous evidence for subsequent source tracing and decision-making.

[0044] S4. After the monitoring time at a detection point 7 exceeds the preset cycle, the monitoring device flies to the next detection point 7; S5. Repeat S1-S4. Maintenance personnel also need to regularly replace the sampling tank and the battery of UAV 1, and make emergency avoidance decisions based on the information transmitted back from the control terminal to improve the reliability of the entire air monitoring system.

[0045] In some embodiments, the various monitoring sensors 6 in S1 specifically include: a hydrogen sulfide concentration sensor, an ammonia concentration sensor, a volatile organic compound (VOC) sensor, an ozone sensor, and a temperature and humidity sensor. The hydrogen sulfide concentration sensor is used to acquire the hydrogen sulfide concentration, the ammonia concentration sensor is used to acquire the ammonia concentration, the VOC sensor is used to acquire the VOC concentration, the ozone sensor is used to acquire the odor concentration (OU) value, and the temperature and humidity sensor is used to acquire real-time temperature and humidity.

[0046] In this embodiment, the control terminal can obtain wind speed information via the Internet, or a wind speed sensor can be installed on the bottom of the drone 1 to obtain wind speed information more accurately.

[0047] In some embodiments, in S2 above, the trigger signal generation conditions are as follows: A1, when the concentrations of hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, volatile organic compounds, or ozone exceed a preset threshold, a corresponding trigger signal is generated; A2, when the rate of increase in volatile organic compound concentration exceeds a preset threshold, a corresponding trigger signal is generated. For electrochemical sensors of hydrogen sulfide and ammonia, and PID sensors of volatile organic compounds, hardware filtering is required. A low-pass filter with a cutoff frequency of 1-5 Hz is set in the operational amplifier feedback loop to filter out high-frequency noise above 50 Hz power frequency interference. For electrochemical sensors, a differential input instrumentation amplifier is used to suppress common-mode interference. After hardware filtering, a second filtering is performed. For data sampled at 1 Hz per second, the average value of the first N sampling points is taken as the current output. The preferred value of N is 5-10, which effectively smooths transient noise while maintaining the response speed to pollution events. After filtering, a comparison is performed, and a trigger signal is generated when an A1 or A2 event occurs. The threshold values ​​for hydrogen sulfide concentration are 0.02 ppm, ammonia concentration are 0.2 ppm, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are 0.005 ppm, ozone concentration is 20 OU, and the VOC concentration increase rate within 10 seconds threshold is 0.001 ppm / s.

[0048] A3. When the intensity of air odor exceeds a preset threshold, a corresponding trigger signal is generated. The determination of air odor intensity requires the integration of data from multiple monitoring sensors 6. Therefore, after filtering, the data obtained from these sensors 6 needs to be normalized to map sensor response values ​​of different dimensions and ranges to the same scale. The odor intensity is then calculated by comprehensively analyzing the normalized data.

[0049] In some embodiments, in S2 above, the control terminal acquires on-site wind speed data, and the control terminal adjusts the threshold in the generation process of the trigger signal in real time according to the wind speed data. The specific adjustment method is as follows: In the formula, The threshold is obtained after real-time adjustment. The preset threshold, This is a correction factor. Within the plant boundary area, the higher the wind speed, the faster the pollutants are diluted. Therefore, all trigger thresholds are adjusted accordingly. Preferably, when the wind speed is between 1.0 and 3.0 m / s, the value of k is 1; when the wind speed is <1.0 m / s, the value of k is 1.2; and when the wind speed is >3.0 m / s, the value of k is 0.9.

[0050] In some embodiments, the method for calculating the intensity of air odor in A3 above is as follows: , In the formula, I represents the intensity of air odor. Let B represent the signal array transmitted from multiple monitoring sensors, and let B represent the regression coefficient matrix. The calculation method for B is as follows: Select representative standard odor gases (such as hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, methanethiol, etc.) and prepare a series of samples with different concentrations. Use multiple monitoring sensor arrays to detect these samples sequentially, and record the response signals of the monitoring sensors for each series of samples. Where m is the number of monitoring sensor types and i is the sample series number. Based on the Webers-Fechner law, the chemical concentration is converted into the theoretical odor intensity, and the conversion method is as follows: Where C is the pollutant concentration, and k and b are empirical coefficients. According to X×B+E is used for regression modeling, where , Let E be the residual matrix. During modeling, X and Y are first standardized using z-scores. Then, the NIPALS algorithm is used for iterative calculation to extract the latent variable with the largest covariance to X and Y. Cross-validation is used to determine the optimal number of latent variables. After training, the standardized regression coefficient matrix B is obtained. A new sample set is then introduced for validation. The new sample set data is substituted into the trained model for prediction, and the above indicators are calculated to ensure accurate prediction even for data the model has never seen before. In this embodiment, the air odor intensity level is 0-5, and the trigger threshold for air odor intensity is 0.8.

[0051] The above description is only a part or preferred embodiment of this application. Neither the text nor the drawings should limit the scope of protection of this application. All equivalent structural transformations made using the content of this application's specification and drawings under the overall concept of this application, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. An air quality monitoring device, comprising multiple monitoring sensors, characterized in that, Also includes: The drone, with various monitoring sensors spaced apart on the drone; Mounting base plate, the mounting base plate is mounted on the top of the drone; A gas sampling pump, wherein the gas sampling pump is mounted on the mounting base plate; A multi-way directional valve, wherein the multi-way directional valve is mounted on the mounting base plate; Multiple collection tanks, wherein the multi-way reversing valve connects to the multiple collection tanks, and the collection tanks are spaced apart; The support frame is installed at the bottom of the drone.

2. The air quality monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The collection tank includes: Main tank body; The top cover is connected to the upper end of the main tank body; The lower cover is connected to the lower end of the main tank body; An injection check valve is provided on the upper cover and is connected to the multi-way reversing valve; An exhaust valve is provided on the lower cover.

3. The air quality monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The collection tank also includes: The detection plate is disposed on the upper cover; A detection sensor is provided on the detection board.

4. The air quality monitoring device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The collection tank also includes: Solenoid valve, the solenoid valve is provided on the upper cover; The piston is movably disposed within the main tank.

5. The air quality monitoring device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The collection tank also includes: A folding portion is provided on the piston.

6. An air quality monitoring method, wherein the monitoring method uses the air quality monitoring device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The monitoring method specifically includes the following steps: S1. The monitoring device operates at a low power consumption at a single detection point, detecting air conditions through multiple monitoring sensors; S2. When the data from the monitoring sensor meets the preset trigger conditions, the control terminal generates a trigger signal. S3. The air sampling pump is turned on, and outside air is introduced into a sampling tank through a multi-way reversing valve. S4. After the monitoring time at a detection point exceeds the preset cycle, the monitoring device flies to the next detection point; S5, Repeat S1-S4.

7. The air quality monitoring method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The various monitoring sensors in S1 mentioned above specifically include: hydrogen sulfide concentration sensor, ammonia concentration sensor, volatile organic compound sensor, ozone sensor, and temperature and humidity sensor.

8. The air quality monitoring method according to claim 7, characterized in that, In S2 above, the conditions for generating the trigger signal are as follows: A1. When the concentration of hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, volatile organic compounds, or ozone exceeds a preset threshold, a corresponding trigger signal is generated. A2. When the rate of increase in the concentration of volatile organic compounds exceeds a preset threshold, a corresponding trigger signal is generated; A3. When the intensity of air odor exceeds a preset threshold, a corresponding trigger signal is generated.

9. The air quality monitoring method according to claim 8, characterized in that, In S2 above, the control terminal acquires on-site wind speed data, and adjusts the threshold in the generation process of the trigger signal in real time based on the wind speed data. The specific adjustment method is as follows: ， In the formula, The threshold is obtained after real-time adjustment. The preset threshold, This is a correction factor.

10. The air quality monitoring method according to claim 8, characterized in that, In section A3 above, the method for calculating the intensity of air odor is as follows: ， In the formula, I represents the intensity of air odor. B represents the signal array transmitted from various monitoring sensors, and B represents the regression coefficient matrix.

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