Chuck with centrifugal force compensation

Abstract

The application discloses a chuck with centrifugal force compensation and relates to the technical field of chucks.The technical points of the application are as follows: a base is provided with a plurality of first clamping mechanisms arranged uniformly in a ring shape; the mechanism comprises a telescopic assembly fixed to the base, a clamping jaw connected to the outer side of the movable part of the telescopic assembly, and a pressure sensor arranged between the clamping jaw and the movable part; a rotating speed sensor and a control unit are arranged on the base, the control unit is connected with the rotating speed sensor, the pressure sensor and the telescopic assembly controller signal; the control unit obtains the rotating radius of the clamping jaw according to the telescopic amount of the telescopic assembly, calculates the real-time centrifugal force compensation value by combining the real-time rotating speed and a preset coefficient, adds the real-time centrifugal force compensation value to a preset basic pressure value to obtain a real-time pressure supply value, and controls the telescopic amount of the telescopic assembly through the control unit according to the real-time pressure supply value; and the application can improve the accuracy of centrifugal force compensation and ensure the stability during long-term use.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of chucks, in particular to a chuck with centrifugal force compensation. BACKGROUND

[0002] As a key component of machine tools, chucks play a crucial role in the field of mechanical processing. They are mainly used for clamping workpieces to ensure stable positioning and reliable clamping during processing, thereby guaranteeing processing precision and quality. There are various types of chucks, such as three-jaw chucks, four-jaw chucks, etc., each suitable for clamping workpieces of different shapes and sizes. The working principle of a chuck is usually to move the clamping jaws radially through a certain driving mechanism to achieve clamping or loosening operations on the workpiece. The performance of a chuck directly affects the processing capacity and efficiency of a machine tool, so it has always been the focus of research and improvement in the field of mechanical manufacturing.

[0003] With the development of mechanical processing technology towards high speed and high precision, higher requirements are placed on the performance of chucks. In this context, centrifugal force compensation chucks have emerged. For example, the "Chuck with Centrifugal Force Compensation" with application number CN201110211163.0 partially solves the influence of centrifugal force on clamping force.

[0004] However, existing centrifugal force compensation chucks still have some structural technical problems in actual application. On the one hand, in the design of the lever mechanism, the size ratio and connection method of each part of the lever need to be accurately calculated and designed to achieve accurate centrifugal force compensation. However, in the actual manufacturing process, due to factors such as machining precision and assembly errors, the lever mechanism may not achieve the ideal mechanical properties, resulting in inaccurate or unstable compensation force, which in turn affects the clamping effect and processing precision of the chuck. On the other hand, there are some problems in the connection structure between the compensation block and the sliding seat. During high-speed rotation and frequent clamping and loosening operations, the connection between the compensation block and the sliding seat is prone to wear and looseness. Wear can cause the position of the compensation block to change, affecting the accuracy of centrifugal force compensation; while looseness can cause the compensation block to shake during rotation, not only producing additional vibration and noise, but also possibly damaging the overall structure of the chuck, shortening its service life. SUMMARY

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the purpose of the present application is to provide a chuck with centrifugal force compensation, improving the accuracy of centrifugal force compensation and ensuring long-term stability.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A chuck with centrifugal force compensation, comprising a base body, a plurality of first clamping mechanisms are uniformly arranged on the base body in a ring shape;

[0008] The first clamping mechanism comprises a telescopic assembly fixedly arranged on the base body, a movable part of the telescopic assembly is fixedly connected with a claw on the side away from the center of the base body, a pressure sensor is arranged between the claw and the movable part of the telescopic assembly, a rotation speed sensor and a control unit are arranged on the base body, and the control unit is signal connected with the rotation speed sensor, the pressure sensor and the controller of the telescopic assembly.

[0009] The control unit obtains the rotation radius of the claw according to the telescopic amount of the telescopic assembly, combines the real-time rotation speed detected by the rotation speed sensor and the preset fixed coefficient to calculate and obtain the real-time centrifugal force compensation value, adds the real-time centrifugal force compensation value to the preset basic pressure value in the control unit to obtain the real-time pressure supply value, and the pressure sensor controls the telescopic assembly to telescope according to the pressure supply value and through the control unit.

[0010] Preferably, the telescopic assembly is a servo electric cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder, the pressure sensor is a diaphragm type pressure sensor, the rotation speed sensor is a magneto type rotation speed sensor or a Hall type rotation speed sensor, and the control unit is a single-chip microcomputer.

[0011] Preferably, the base body is disc-shaped with an inner cavity, the control unit and the rotation speed sensor are arranged in the base body, and the contact surface of the claw and the workpiece is coated with a wear-resistant and anti-skid coating.

[0012] Preferably, the claw abuts against the inner wall of the workpiece, an accommodating groove is arranged on the outer surface of one end of the base body, the accommodating groove is used for accommodating the telescopic assembly and the claw, the side wall of the claw is in sliding fit with the inner wall of the accommodating groove, and a limiting ring is fixedly arranged on the edge of the surface of the base body away from the accommodating groove.

[0013] Preferably, the claw abuts against the outer wall of the workpiece, the claw is L-shaped, the telescopic assembly is fixed in the inner part of the base body, the movable part of the telescopic assembly penetrates through the side wall of the base body, and the claw is arranged outside the base body.

[0014] Preferably, an auxiliary limiting assembly is arranged between adjacent claws to assist in clamping the workpiece during rotation.

[0015] Preferably, the auxiliary limiting assembly comprises a movable arc plate, two ends of the movable arc plate are connected with the back of the claw through a plurality of elastic ropes, a plurality of rotating holes are formed in the movable arc plate, rotating rods are hinged in the rotating holes, an auxiliary clamping plate is arranged on one side of the movable arc plate, one end of the rotating rod away from the auxiliary clamping plate is hinged with the back of the auxiliary clamping plate, and a counterweight is fixedly arranged at the end of the rotating rod away from the auxiliary clamping plate, and the distance between the counterweight and the rotating hole is greater than the distance between the auxiliary clamping plate and the rotating hole; when the chuck rotates, the counterweight moves away from the rotating hole due to centrifugal force, so as to drive the auxiliary clamping plate to abut against the outer wall of the workpiece.

[0016] Preferably, one side of the auxiliary clamping plate towards the center of the base body is fixedly provided with a flexible anti-skid pad, and a plurality of anti-skid recesses are uniformly formed on the surface of the flexible anti-skid pad.

[0017] Preferably, the counterweight is spherical, and the rotating holes are both flared and adhered with buffer washers.

[0018] The present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] I. Improve the accuracy of centrifugal force compensation: the present application sets a pressure sensor between the claw and the movable part of the telescopic assembly, sets a rotating speed sensor and a control unit on the base body, and the control unit is signal connected with the rotating speed sensor, the pressure sensor and the controller of the telescopic assembly. The control unit obtains the rotating radius of the claw according to the telescopic amount of the telescopic assembly, combines the real-time rotating speed detected by the rotating speed sensor and the preset fixed coefficient, calculates the real-time centrifugal force compensation value, adds the preset basic pressure value in the control unit to the real-time centrifugal force compensation value to obtain the real-time pressure supply value, and the pressure sensor controls the telescopic assembly to telescope according to the pressure supply value through the control unit. This accurate calculation and control method effectively avoids the problem that the compensation force of the traditional centrifugal force compensation chuck is inaccurate due to the manufacturing error of the lever mechanism, greatly improves the accuracy of the centrifugal force compensation, and ensures the clamping effect of the chuck on the workpiece and the machining precision.

[0020] II. Reduce the influence of wear and looseness: the connecting structure between the traditional chuck compensation block and the sliding seat is easy to wear and loosen in high-speed rotation and frequent operation, which affects the accuracy of centrifugal force compensation, generates vibration noise and even damages the chuck structure. The present application realizes centrifugal force compensation through an intelligent control system, does not need to rely on the complex mechanical connecting structure of the compensation block and the sliding seat, fundamentally avoids the problems caused by wear and looseness of the connecting part, and ensures the stability of the chuck in the long-term use process.

[0021] III. Reasonable component selection and setting: The telescopic component is set as a servo electric cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder, the pressure sensor is set as a thin film pressure sensor, the rotating speed sensor is set as a magneto-rotating speed sensor or a Hall rotating speed sensor, and the control unit is set as a single-chip microcomputer. These components are stable and reliable in performance. At the same time, the base body is set as a hollow disc, the control unit and the rotating speed sensor are arranged in the base body, the components are protected, the interference of external factors on the components is reduced, and the stability of the chuck during long-term use is further ensured.

[0022] IV. Optimization of the contact between the clamping jaw and the workpiece: The contact surface between the clamping jaw and the workpiece is coated with a wear-resistant and anti-skid coating, which increases the friction between the clamping jaw and the workpiece, prevents the workpiece from slipping during machining, and enhances the stability of clamping. Two kinds of contact modes between the clamping jaw and the workpiece are designed. One is that the clamping jaw contacts the inner wall of the workpiece, and the base body has a containing groove on one end of the outer surface to accommodate the telescopic component and the clamping jaw. The side wall of the clamping jaw is in sliding fit with the inner wall of the containing groove, and a limiting ring is fixedly arranged on the edge of the base body away from the containing groove. The other is that the clamping jaw contacts the outer wall of the workpiece, and the clamping jaw is designed as L-shaped. The telescopic component is fixed in the base body, the movable part penetrates through the side wall of the base body, and the clamping jaw is arranged outside the base body. These two designs can be selected according to different shapes and sizes of workpieces, improving the applicability of the chuck and better clamping the workpiece.

[0023] V. Design of auxiliary limiting component: An auxiliary limiting component is arranged between adjacent clamping jaws. The two ends of the movable arc plate are connected to the back of the clamping jaw through multiple elastic ropes. A rotating hole is formed in the movable arc plate, and a rotating rod is hinged in the rotating hole. An auxiliary clamping plate is arranged on one side of the movable arc plate, and the end of the rotating rod is hinged to the back of the auxiliary clamping plate, and the other end is fixedly provided with a counterweight. The distance between the counterweight and the rotating hole is greater than the distance between the auxiliary clamping plate and the rotating hole. When the chuck rotates, the counterweight moves away from the rotating hole due to centrifugal force, and drives the auxiliary clamping plate to adhere to the outer wall of the workpiece, further enhancing the clamping force of the workpiece, preventing the workpiece from loosening or falling off during high-speed rotation. A flexible anti-skid pad is fixedly arranged on the side of the auxiliary clamping plate facing the center of the base body, and multiple anti-skid recesses are uniformly formed on the surface of the flexible anti-skid pad, further increasing the friction with the workpiece and improving the clamping effect.

[0024] VI. Reduction of abnormal vibration: The invention avoids the shaking of the traditional chuck caused by the loosening of the compensation block and the sliding seat, thereby reducing the additional vibration and noise. In the machining environment, reducing noise not only improves the working environment, but also reduces the influence of vibration on other parts of the machine tool, improving the stability of the overall operation of the machine tool.

[0025] VII. Protection of chuck structure: The wear and loosening of the connection part of the traditional chuck may cause damage to the overall structure of the chuck. The invention avoids these problems through intelligent compensation and reasonable structural design, reduces the wear of the components of the chuck, prolongs the service life of the chuck, and reduces the maintenance cost and replacement frequency of the equipment.

[0026] Eight, the design of the counterweight and the rotating hole: the counterweight is spherical, and the rotating hole is flared at both ends and adheres to a buffer gasket. The spherical counterweight is more flexible during rotation, reducing friction with the rotating hole; the flared design and the buffer gasket provide buffering and protection for the rotation of the counterweight, reducing collisions and wear between components, optimizing the performance of the auxiliary limiting assembly, and improving the use reliability of the entire chuck.

[0027] Nine, the structure layout of the base and the clamping jaw: the base is hollow inside and reasonably arranged with a control unit and a rotating speed sensor, and the clamping jaw and the base are connected and arranged in multiple ways, so that the overall structure of the chuck is compact and reasonable. This design not only facilitates installation and maintenance, but also improves the space utilization of the chuck, making the installation of the chuck on the machine tool more convenient and improving the user experience. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present application, and therefore should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can also be obtained without creative labor on the basis of these drawings.

[0029] Fig. 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the first embodiment of the present application.

[0030] Fig. 2 It is a sectional view of the base of the first embodiment of the present application (without connecting devices).

[0031] Fig. 3 It is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship of the components of the first embodiment of the present application.

[0032] Fig. 4 It is a bottom view of the second embodiment of the present application.

[0033] Fig. 5 It is a partial sectional view of the movable arc plate of the second embodiment of the present application.

[0034] In the figure: 1, base; 201, telescopic assembly; 202, clamping jaw; 203, pressure sensor; 204, rotating speed sensor; 205, control unit; 206, limiting ring; 301, movable arc plate; 302, elastic rope; 303, rotating rod; 304, auxiliary clamping plate; 305, counterweight; 306, flexible non-slip pad; 307, buffer gasket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] First embodiment

[0037] like Figs. 1 to 3 As shown, a chuck with centrifugal force compensation includes a base 1, on which a plurality of first clamping mechanisms are uniformly arranged in a ring. Each first clamping mechanism includes a telescopic component 201 fixedly mounted on the base 1. A jaw 202 is fixedly connected to the movable part of the telescopic component 201 away from the center of the base 1. A pressure sensor 203 is disposed between the jaw 202 and the movable part of the telescopic component 201. A speed sensor 204 and a control unit 205 are disposed on the base 1. The control unit 205 is connected to the speed sensor 204, the pressure sensor 203, and the controller of the telescopic component 201. The control unit 205 obtains the rotation radius of the jaw 202 based on the telescopic component 201's extension and retraction amount. Combining the real-time speed detected by the speed sensor 204 and a preset fixed coefficient, it calculates a real-time centrifugal force compensation value. The control unit 205 adds a preset base pressure value to the real-time centrifugal force compensation value to obtain a real-time pressure supply value. The pressure sensor 203 controls the extension and retraction of the telescopic component 201 based on the pressure supply value and through the control unit 205.

[0038] like Figs. 1 to 3 As shown, a speed sensor 204 mounted on the base 1 detects the rotational speed of the chuck in real time and transmits the speed signal to the control unit 205. The speed sensor 204 can be a magnetoelectric speed sensor or a Hall effect speed sensor, etc., and its working principle is to obtain speed information by sensing changes in the magnetic field or the Hall effect. When the telescopic component 201 drives the jaw 202 to move radially, its extension or retraction reflects the positional change of the jaw 202 relative to the center of the base 1. The control unit 205 calculates the rotational radius of the jaw 202 by acquiring the extension or retraction of the telescopic component 201 and combining it with the known initial positional relationship between the telescopic component 201 and the center of the base 1. A pressure sensor 203 mounted between the jaw 202 and the moving part of the telescopic component 201 monitors the pressure on the jaw 202 in real time and transmits the pressure signal to the control unit 205. The pressure sensor 203 can be a thin-film pressure sensor, etc., which can accurately sense pressure changes and convert them into electrical signals.

[0039] The control unit 205 calculates the real-time centrifugal force compensation value according to the collected rotating radius of the chuck 202 and real-time rotating speed, in combination with a preset fixed coefficient (which is related to the structure, material and workpiece of the chuck, and is obtained through theoretical calculation or experimental calibration), using the centrifugal force calculation formula (centrifugal force is proportional to mass, radius and the square of rotating speed, which can be expressed as F=kxrxn in a simplified model, where F is the centrifugal force, k is the preset fixed coefficient, r is the rotating radius of the chuck 202, and n is the real-time rotating speed). 2 The control unit 205 has a preset basic pressure value, which is set to ensure that the chuck can reliably clamp the workpiece in a static or low-speed state. The real-time centrifugal force compensation value calculated is added to the basic pressure value to obtain a real-time pressure supply value, which is the pressure that the chuck 202 should apply to the workpiece in the current state.

[0040] The pressure sensor 203 feeds back the pressure sensed by the chuck 202 to the control unit 205, which compares the feedback pressure with the calculated real-time pressure supply value. If the feedback pressure is less than the real-time pressure supply value, it means that the clamping force of the chuck 202 on the workpiece is insufficient, and the pressure needs to be increased; if the feedback pressure is greater than the real-time pressure supply value, it means that the clamping force is too large, and the pressure needs to be reduced. The control unit 205 generates a corresponding control signal according to the pressure comparison result and transmits it to the controller of the telescopic assembly 201. The telescopic assembly 201 (which can be a servo electric cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder, etc.) adjusts the telescopic amount of its movable part according to the control signal, thereby changing the position of the chuck 202, achieving precise control of the clamping force of the chuck 202, achieving the purpose of centrifugal force compensation, and ensuring that the chuck can maintain a stable clamping state on the workpiece at different rotating speeds.

[0041] The preset fixed coefficient is determined by a combination of theoretical calculation and experimental calibration. In terms of theoretical calculation, according to the mechanical model of the chuck, the relationship between centrifugal force and the force on the chuck 202 is analyzed, and the theoretical expression of the coefficient is derived. In terms of experimental calibration, different specifications of chuck samples are made, clamping experiments are conducted under different rotating speeds and workpiece conditions, the centrifugal force compensation effect and related parameters are recorded, and the best preset fixed coefficient is determined through data fitting and optimization algorithm. In practical application, an initial value can also be given according to theoretical calculation, and then a small amount of experiment can be used for fine tuning.

[0042] A mature microcontroller (such as a single-chip microcomputer) is used as the core of the control unit 205. For data acquisition synchronization, the timer and interrupt functions of the microcontroller can be used to simultaneously collect data from the speed sensor 204, the telescopic component 201, and the pressure sensor 203 at certain time intervals. Mathematical operations can be performed through the arithmetic logic unit (ALU) built into the microcontroller or by calling a mathematical function library. To generate control signals, depending on the type of telescopic component 201 (such as a servo electric cylinder that usually accepts pulse width modulation (PWM) signal control), the corresponding signal generation program is written, and the control signals are transmitted to the controller of the telescopic component 201 through the output pins of the microcontroller. At the same time, to improve the precision and stability of the control, a closed-loop control algorithm such as the proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control algorithm can be used to accurately adjust the telescopic amount of the telescopic component 201.

[0043] In terms of signal connection, for sensors that output analog signals (such as some pressure sensors 203), a signal conditioning circuit (such as an amplification circuit or a filter circuit) is needed to amplify and filter the weak signals output by the sensor, and then an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) is used to convert the analog signals into digital signals before transmitting them to the control unit 205. For sensors that output digital signals (such as some speed sensors 204), it is necessary to ensure that the digital signal level standard of the output is compatible with the input level standard of the control unit 205. If not, a level conversion chip can be used for conversion. In terms of hardware connection, depending on the interface type of the sensor (such as a pin interface, a serial port, an I2C interface, etc.) and the interface resources of the control unit 205, the appropriate connection method is selected for connection, and the signal line is shielded and anti-interference processed to ensure the stability of signal transmission.

[0044] For example, Figs. 1 to 2As shown, the magneto- electric speed sensor utilizes the principle of electromagnetic induction. When the chuck rotates, the magnetic flux in the sensor changes, thereby generating an induced electromotive force whose frequency is proportional to the rotational speed of the chuck. By measuring the frequency of the induced electromotive force, the real-time rotational speed of the chuck can be obtained. The Hall-effect speed sensor is based on the Hall effect. The rotation of the chuck causes the magnetic field near the Hall element to change, and the Hall element outputs a corresponding pulse signal. The frequency of the pulse signal is related to the rotational speed. The single-chip microcomputer obtains the real-time rotational speed by receiving and processing these pulse signals. The two types of speed sensors 204 transmit the detected speed signals to the single-chip microcomputer. The thin-film pressure sensor is installed between the clamping jaw 202 and the movable part of the telescopic assembly 201. When the clamping jaw 202 exerts pressure on the workpiece, the thin film inside the sensor deforms, thereby changing its resistance value. By measuring the change in resistance value and converting it into an electrical signal, the pressure value exerted by the clamping jaw 202 can be obtained. This pressure signal is transmitted to the single-chip microcomputer. The servo electric cylinder or hydraulic cylinder serves as the telescopic assembly 201, and its telescopic amount determines the position of the clamping jaw 202 relative to the center of the base body 1. The single-chip microcomputer can obtain the telescopic amount information of the telescopic assembly 201 by controlling the driver of the servo electric cylinder or the hydraulic control system of the hydraulic cylinder, and then calculate the rotational radius of the clamping jaw 202 based on the known structural parameters of the base body 1.

[0045] Based on the obtained rotational radius and real-time rotational speed of the clamping jaw 202, the single-chip microcomputer calculates the real-time centrifugal force compensation value using a centrifugal force-related formula (such as the simplified model F = k x r x n 2 , where F is the centrifugal force, k is a preset fixed coefficient, r is the rotational radius of the clamping jaw 202, and n is the real-time rotational speed). The single-chip microcomputer has a preset basic pressure value, which is set to ensure that the chuck can reliably clamp the workpiece in a stationary or low-speed state. The real-time centrifugal force compensation value calculated is added to the basic pressure value to obtain a real-time pressure supply value, which is the pressure that the clamping jaw 202 should exert on the workpiece in the current state.

[0046] The thin film pressure sensor continuously feeds back the pressure on the clamping jaw 202 to the single-chip microcomputer, which compares the feedback pressure with the calculated real-time pressure supply value. If the feedback pressure is less than the real-time pressure supply value, it indicates that the clamping force of the clamping jaw 202 on the workpiece is insufficient, and the pressure needs to be increased. If the feedback pressure is greater than the real-time pressure supply value, it indicates that the clamping force is too large, and the pressure needs to be reduced. The single-chip microcomputer generates a corresponding control signal according to the pressure comparison result and transmits the control signal to the driver of the servo electric cylinder or the hydraulic control system of the hydraulic cylinder. The servo electric cylinder adjusts the extension and retraction amount of its piston rod according to the control signal, and the hydraulic cylinder adjusts the movement of the piston by controlling the flow and pressure of the hydraulic oil, thereby changing the position of the clamping jaw 202 and achieving precise control of the clamping force of the clamping jaw 202, achieving the purpose of centrifugal force compensation, and ensuring that the chuck can maintain a stable clamping state of the workpiece at different rotational speeds.

[0047] The wear-resistant and anti-skid coating material can be selected from polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) composite material, rubber coating, or ceramic coating, etc. The polytetrafluoroethylene composite material has excellent wear resistance and self-lubricating properties, which can reduce the friction and wear between the clamping jaw 202 and the workpiece; the rubber coating has good elasticity and anti-skid performance, which can increase the friction between the clamping jaw 202 and the workpiece; the ceramic coating has high hardness, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance, etc., which is suitable for some occasions with extremely high wear resistance requirements.

[0048] As shown in Figs. 1 to 2 The base body 1 serves as the support structure of the entire device, and its internally hollow disc-shaped design provides a stable installation space for the control unit 205 and the rotational speed sensor 204, enabling effective protection of these key components from external environmental interference and collisions. The telescopic assembly 201 is installed in the accommodating groove of the base body 1, and its telescopic movement can drive the clamping jaw 202 to slide within the accommodating groove. When the telescopic assembly 201 is extended, the clamping jaw 202 slides outward along the inner wall of the accommodating groove and comes into contact with the inner wall of the workpiece, thereby achieving clamping of the workpiece. The wear-resistant and anti-skid coating is applied to the contact surface between the clamping jaw 202 and the workpiece, which can increase the friction between the clamping jaw 202 and the workpiece, prevent the workpiece from slipping or loosening during processing due to centrifugal force and other factors, and ensure the stability of the workpiece during processing. The limiting ring 206 is arranged on the edge of the base body 1 away from the accommodating groove, which can limit the movement of the workpiece in the axial direction, and cooperates with the radial clamping action of the clamping jaw 202 to achieve accurate positioning and reliable fixation of the workpiece.

[0049] The rotational speed sensor 204 is arranged in the base body 1, and when the base body 1 drives the clamping jaw 202 and the workpiece to rotate, the rotational speed sensor 204 can monitor the rotational speed of the base body 1 in real time, i.e., the processing rotational speed of the workpiece. The rotational speed sensor 204 converts the detected rotational speed signal into an electrical signal and transmits it to the control unit 205.

[0050] Second embodiment

[0051] As Fig. 4 shown, the clamping jaw 202 is in contact with the outer wall of the workpiece, and the clamping jaw 202 is L-shaped. The telescopic assembly 201 is fixed inside the base body 1, and the movable part of the telescopic assembly 201 penetrates the side wall of the base body 1. The clamping jaw 202 is arranged outside the base body 1. The telescopic assembly 201 is fixed inside the base body 1, and the movable part of the telescopic assembly 201 penetrates the side wall of the base body 1. Through the telescopic movement of the movable part of the telescopic assembly 201, the L-shaped clamping jaw 202 arranged outside the base body 1 is driven to move. When the movable part of the telescopic assembly 201 is extended, the clamping jaw 202 moves towards the center of the base body 1 and is in contact with the outer wall of the workpiece, thereby achieving preliminary clamping of the workpiece.

[0052] As Fig. 4 shown, an auxiliary limiting assembly is arranged between adjacent clamping jaws 202 to assist in clamping the workpiece during rotation. During the rotation of the chuck, the auxiliary limiting assembly plays a role in assisting in clamping the workpiece. The two ends of the movable arc plate 301 are connected to the back of the clamping jaw 202 through a plurality of elastic ropes 302, so that the movable arc plate 301 can adjust its position with the movement of the clamping jaw 202. One end of the rotating rod 303 on the movable arc plate 301 is fixed with a counterweight 305, and the other end is hingedly connected to the back of the auxiliary clamping plate 304. When the chuck rotates, the counterweight 305 moves away from the rotating hole due to the centrifugal force, thereby driving the rotating rod 303 to rotate around the rotating hole, so that the auxiliary clamping plate 304 is pressed against the outer wall of the workpiece, further enhancing the clamping force of the workpiece, and preventing the workpiece from loosening or separating during rotation due to centrifugal force.

[0053] As Fig. 4 shown, the side of the auxiliary clamping plate 304 facing the center of the base body 1 is fixedly provided with a flexible non-slip pad 306, and a plurality of non-slip recesses are uniformly arranged on the surface of the flexible non-slip pad 306. The material of the flexible non-slip pad 306 has a certain flexibility and elasticity, which can better fit the outer wall of the workpiece and increase the friction between the workpiece. The non-slip recesses further increase the friction area and improve the non-slip effect, ensuring that the workpiece does not slip during processing.

[0054] As Fig. 5 shown, the two ends of the rotating hole are expanded and have a buffer washer 307 adhered thereto. When the counterweight 305 moves due to centrifugal force and the chuck rotates, the buffer washer 307 can play a buffering role, reducing the impact force between the counterweight 305 and the rotating hole, protecting the rotating hole and the counterweight 305, prolonging the service life of the components, and also making the movement of the auxiliary limiting assembly more stable.

[0055] The elastic rope 302 can be selected from a rubber elastic rope 302 or a spring steel wire elastic rope 302. The rubber elastic rope 302 has good elasticity and flexibility, and is suitable for occasions with higher elasticity requirements and smaller motion amplitudes; the spring steel wire elastic rope 302 has higher strength and durability, and is suitable for occasions with larger tension. According to the working requirements of the auxiliary limiting assembly and the gravity of the workpiece, the elastic rope 302 with a suitable diameter and elasticity is selected. Generally, the diameter of the rubber elastic rope 302 can be selected from 2-5 mm, and the diameter of the spring steel wire elastic rope 302 can be selected from 1-3 mm.

[0056] The flexible non-slip mat 306 can be selected from rubber materials such as nitrile rubber and neoprene. The nitrile rubber has good oil resistance and wear resistance, and is suitable for workpieces contacting oil stains; the neoprene has good weather resistance and chemical corrosion resistance, and is suitable for various harsh environments. Silicone materials can also be selected. Silicone has the advantages of softness, good elasticity, non-toxicity and odorlessness, and is suitable for occasions with high hygiene requirements.

[0057] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present application, but the technical features of the present application are not limited thereto. Any simple change, equivalent replacement or modification made on the basis of the present application to solve the same technical problem and achieve the same technical effect is also covered by the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A chuck with centrifugal force compensation, comprising a base body (1), characterized in that: A plurality of first clamping mechanisms are uniformly arranged on the base body (1) in a ring shape; The first clamping mechanism comprises a telescopic assembly (201) fixedly arranged on the base body (1), a clamping jaw (202) fixedly connected to the movable part of the telescopic assembly (201) away from the center of the base body (1), a pressure sensor (203) arranged between the clamping jaw (202) and the movable part of the telescopic assembly (201), a rotational speed sensor (204) and a control unit (205) arranged on the base body (1), and the control unit (205) is signal connected with the rotational speed sensor (204), the pressure sensor (203) and the controller of the telescopic assembly (201); The control unit (205) obtains the rotational radius of the clamping jaw (202) according to the telescopic amount of the telescopic assembly (201), calculates the real-time centrifugal force compensation value in combination with the real-time rotational speed detected by the rotational speed sensor (204) and the preset fixed coefficient, adds the real-time centrifugal force compensation value to the preset basic pressure value in the control unit (205) to obtain the real-time pressure supply value, and the pressure sensor (203) controls the telescopic assembly (201) to telescope according to the pressure supply value through the control unit (205); An auxiliary limiting assembly is arranged between adjacent clamping jaws (202) to assist in clamping the workpiece during rotation; The auxiliary limiting assembly comprises a movable arc plate (301), a plurality of elastic ropes (302) are connected between the movable arc plate (301) and the back of the clamping jaw (202), a plurality of rotating holes are formed in the movable arc plate (301), a rotating rod (303) is hinged in the rotating hole, an auxiliary clamping plate (304) is arranged on one side of the movable arc plate (301), one end of the rotating rod (303) towards the center of the base body (1) is hinged to the back of the auxiliary clamping plate (304), a counterweight (305) is fixedly arranged on the end of the rotating rod (303) away from the auxiliary clamping plate (304), and the distance between the counterweight (305) and the rotating hole is greater than the distance between the auxiliary clamping plate (304) and the rotating hole; when the chuck rotates, the counterweight (305) moves away from the rotating hole due to centrifugal force, thereby driving the auxiliary clamping plate (304) to abut against the outer wall of the workpiece.

2. A chuck with centrifugal force compensation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic assembly (201) is a servo electric cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder, the pressure sensor (203) is a thin film pressure sensor, the rotational speed sensor (204) is a magneto-rotational speed sensor or a Hall type rotational speed sensor, and the control unit (205) is a single-chip microcomputer.

3. A chuck with centrifugal force compensation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The base body (1) is a hollow disc, the control unit (205) and the rotational speed sensor (204) are arranged in the base body (1), and the contact surface of the clamping jaw (202) and the workpiece is coated with a wear-resistant and anti-skid coating.

4. A chuck with centrifugal force compensation according to claim 3, characterized in that: The claw (202) is in abutment with the inner wall of the workpiece, an accommodating groove is formed in the outer surface of one end of the base body (1), the accommodating groove is used for accommodating the telescopic assembly (201) and the claw (202), the side wall of the claw (202) is in sliding fit with the inner wall of the accommodating groove, and a limiting ring (206) is fixedly arranged on the edge of the side, away from the accommodating groove, of the base body (1).

5. A chuck with centrifugal force compensation according to claim 3, characterized in that: The claw (202) is in abutment with the outer wall of the workpiece, the claw (202) is provided in an L shape, the telescopic assembly (201) is fixed in the inside of the base body (1), the movable part of the telescopic assembly (201) penetrates through the side wall of the base body (1), and the claw (202) is arranged outside the base body (1).

6. The chuck with centrifugal force compensation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The auxiliary clamping plate (304) is fixedly provided with a flexible antiskid pad (306) on the side, facing the center of the base body (1), the surface of the flexible antiskid pad (306) is uniformly provided with a plurality of antiskid recesses.

7. A chuck with centrifugal force compensation according to claim 6, characterized in that: The counterweight (305) is provided in a spherical shape, the rotating holes are provided in a flared shape at two ends and are adhered with buffer washers (307).

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