Movable pyrolysis carbonization equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of pyrolysis and carbonization, and discloses movable pyrolysis and carbonization equipment which comprises a pyrolysis and carbonization reactor and a feeding mechanism used for providing materials for the pyrolysis and carbonization reactor, the pyrolysis and carbonization reactor comprises a first-stage pyrolysis and carbonization reactor and a second-stage pyrolysis and carbonization reactor, an outlet of the first-stage pyrolysis and carbonization reactor is communicated with an inlet of the second-stage pyrolysis and carbonization reactor through a screening device, an outlet of the second-stage pyrolysis and carbonization reactor is communicated with the side part of the feeding pipe through a conveying mechanism, and the conveying mechanism is used for conveying materials to the first-stage pyrolysis and carbonization reactor. According to the technical scheme, the metal balls can be in contact with and collide with the inner wall of the reactor to remove tar and coke, so that the reactor is prevented from being cleaned regularly, and the operation efficiency is improved; the reactor forms circulation, heat can be recycled more sufficiently, and the heat energy utilization rate is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of pyrolysis carbonization, and more specifically to a mobile pyrolysis carbonization device. Background Art

[0002] In current agricultural production, a large amount of straw resources are not effectively utilized, and the phenomena of abandonment and open burning are still common, resulting in resource waste and environmental pollution.

[0003] Pyrolysis carbonization technology has become an important direction for the comprehensive utilization of straw because it can convert straw into biochar and, when combined with soil return, increase the organic matter content. However, biomass, especially straw, suffers from problems such as dispersed distribution, low density, and high transportation costs, which limit the widespread application of stationary pyrolysis carbonization devices. To address this, various mobile pyrolysis carbonization devices have emerged, aiming to improve straw disposal efficiency through on-site processing.

[0004] The existing pyrolysis carbonization process uses a single heat transfer method and does not recover waste heat, resulting in a long pyrolysis cycle. Tar and coking easily accumulate on the inner wall of the reactor, affecting heat transfer and the progress of the pyrolysis carbonization reaction. Regular cleaning of the coking is required, which affects the efficiency of operation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the problems of slow reaction speed and easy coking of biomass pyrolysis carbonization equipment in the existing technology.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a mobile pyrolysis carbonization device, comprising a pyrolysis carbonization reactor and a feeding mechanism for supplying materials to the pyrolysis carbonization reactor. The pyrolysis carbonization reactor includes a first-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor for drying and pyrolysis and a second-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor for carbonization. The outlet of the first-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor is connected to the inlet of the second-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor via a sieve. The sieve is used to screen qualified biochar and other materials and convey the other materials to the second-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor. The outlet of the second-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor is connected to the side of the feed pipe via a conveying mechanism, which is used to convey materials to the first-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor.

[0007] In some embodiments, the feeding mechanism includes a feed pipe connected to the pyrolysis carbonization reactor and a metal ball dispensing device connected to the side of the feed pipe. The metal ball dispensing device is used to provide metal balls to the pyrolysis carbonization reactor, and the metal balls are capable of rubbing against the inner wall of the pyrolysis carbonization reactor to at least partially remove coking.

[0008] In some embodiments, the surface of the metal sphere is provided with ridges; and / or, the surface of the metal sphere is provided with through holes to accommodate the catalyst.

[0009] In some embodiments, the reactor further includes a first heating jacket disposed outside the first-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor, a second heating jacket disposed outside the second-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor, and a heater, wherein the heater is connected to the first heating jacket and the second heating jacket.

[0010] In some embodiments, the first-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor is provided with a pyrolysis gas outlet, the heater is a burner connected to the pyrolysis gas outlet, and the first heating jacket and the second heating jacket are connected to each other.

[0011] In some embodiments, the device further includes a cyclone dust collector and a wood vinegar separation and recovery device, wherein the cyclone dust collector is connected to the pyrolysis gas outlet, and the wood vinegar separation and recovery device and the burner are connected in parallel to the cyclone dust collector.

[0012] In some embodiments, the first-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor is a horizontally extending cylindrical shape, and the second-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor is a horizontally extending cylindrical shape located below the first-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor. The first-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor is provided with a horizontally extending first feeding screw, and the second-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor is provided with a horizontally extending second feeding screw.

[0013] In some embodiments, a first temperature sensor and a first humidity sensor are provided at the upstream end of the first-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor, a second humidity sensor is provided at the middle position along the length direction of the first-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor, and a second temperature sensor is provided at the downstream end of the first-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor. When the second humidity sensor detects that the humidity is lower than a predetermined value, the rotation speed of the first feeding screw is reduced and / or the output power of the burner is increased.

[0014] In some embodiments, a third temperature sensor and a first biochar optical sensor are provided at the middle position along the length direction of the second-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor, and a second biochar optical sensor is provided at the downstream end of the second-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor. When the first biochar optical sensor detects a color difference higher than a predetermined value and the third temperature sensor detects a temperature lower than a predetermined temperature, the rotation speed of the second feeding screw is reduced and / or the output power of the burner is increased.

[0015] In some embodiments, a discharge mechanism connected to the screener is further included, the discharge mechanism including a discharge pipe and a cooler surrounding the discharge pipe.

[0016] In some embodiments, a nitrogen generator is further included, which is connected to the feeding mechanism, the reactor, and the discharging mechanism respectively, and the nitrogen generator is used to provide nitrogen to the feeding mechanism, the reactor, and the discharging mechanism to form an oxygen-free environment.

[0017] Through the above technical solutions, the reactor forms a circulation path, which can more fully recover heat and improve the thermal energy utilization rate; the metal balls can contact and collide with the inner wall of the reactor to remove tar and coking, avoiding the need for regular cleaning of the reactor and improving operating efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mobile pyrolysis carbonization equipment described in this embodiment;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a distribution diagram of the sensors in the mobile pyrolysis carbonization equipment described in this embodiment.

[0020] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0021] 1-Feed pipe, 2-Metal ball feeding device, 3-Feed hopper, 4-Crusher, 5-Catalyst spraying device, 6-Feed air lock, 7-First-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor, 8-First feeding screw, 9-First heating jacket, 10-Second-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor, 11-Second feeding screw, 12-Second heating jacket, 13-Screwing device, 14-Burner, 15-Pyrolysis gas outlet, 16-Cyclone dust collector, 17-Wood vinegar separation and recovery device, 18-Nitrogen generator, 19-Discharge pipe, 20-Cooler 21-Discharge airlock, 22-Flue gas outlet, 23-Flue gas purifier, 24-Chimney, 25-Box, 26-First humidity sensor, 27-First temperature sensor, 28-Second humidity sensor, 29-Second temperature sensor, 30-First gas composition sensor, 31-Second gas composition sensor, 32-First biochar optical sensor, 33-Third temperature sensor, 34-Second biochar optical sensor, 35-Fourth temperature sensor, 36-Fifth temperature sensor, 37-Conveying mechanism. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0023] In this invention, unless otherwise stated, directional terms such as "up" and "down" generally refer to the relative positional relationship in the usage state.

[0024] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, this solution provides a mobile pyrolysis carbonization equipment, which includes a pyrolysis carbonization reactor and a feeding mechanism for supplying materials to the pyrolysis carbonization reactor. The pyrolysis carbonization reactor includes a first-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor 7 for drying and pyrolysis and a second-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor 10 for carbonization. The outlet of the first-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor 7 is connected to the inlet of the second-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor 10 through a screen 13. The screen 13 is used to screen qualified biochar and other materials and transport the other materials to the second-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor 10. The outlet of the second-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor 10 is connected to the side of the feed pipe 1 through a conveying mechanism 37. The conveying mechanism 37 is used to transport materials to the first-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor 7.

[0025] The mobile pyrolysis and carbonization equipment in this solution is used to pyrolyze and carbonize biomass to form biochar and pyrolysis gas. The biomass can be straw, fruit tree branches, etc.

[0026] In addition, the mobile pyrolysis carbonization equipment of this solution has a small overall size and can be used for mobile operations. For example, it can be installed on vehicles such as trucks, so that it can be used at the biomass production site.

[0027] The first-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor 7, the screen 13, the second-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor 10, the conveying mechanism 37, and the feed pipe 1 are sequentially connected to form a circulation path. In this circulation path, biomass flows along the material flow direction in the first-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor 7, and the temperature gradually rises, undergoing drying and pyrolysis sequentially. The material is dried at 0-150℃, then pyrolyzed at 150-300℃. After being screened by the screen 13, material with unqualified particle size enters the second-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor 10, where it is heated to achieve carbonization at 300-600℃. The material discharged from the second-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor 10 includes qualified biochar (e.g., particle size ≤8mm) and biomass, catalysts... The biochar and the metal balls described below are conveyed to the feed pipe 1 via the conveying mechanism 37. The material is then returned to the first-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor 7. New material is also added to the feed pipe 1. The material from the second-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor 10 has a relatively higher temperature and can be mixed with the newly added material to increase its temperature. Qualified biochar flows through the first-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor 7 and reaches the screen 13, which separates the qualified biochar. The qualified biochar does not re-enter the second-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor 10. It can be seen that in this process, the qualified biochar formed in the second-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor 10 returns to the first-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor 7. The carbonized hot biochar (and the metal balls described below) exchanges heat with the fresh biomass, lowering the biochar temperature and rapidly preheating the raw material, achieving closed-loop energy recovery while simultaneously achieving rapid pyrolysis carbonization. The conventional pyrolysis carbonization time is 30-60 minutes, while the mobile pyrolysis carbonization equipment in this scheme can complete the carbonization of biomass within 10 minutes.

[0028] In some embodiments, the feeding mechanism includes a feed pipe 1 connected to the pyrolysis carbonization reactor and a metal ball dispensing device 2 connected to the side of the feed pipe 1. The metal ball dispensing device 2 is used to provide metal balls to the pyrolysis carbonization reactor, and the metal balls can rub against the inner wall of the pyrolysis carbonization reactor to at least partially remove coke.

[0029] The feeding mechanism includes a feed pipe 1, through which biomass can be supplied to the pyrolysis carbonization reactor, and a metal ball dispensing device 2 can supply metal balls into the feed pipe 1, so that the metal balls are mixed into the biomass material.

[0030] The material enters the pyrolysis and carbonization reactor for pyrolysis and carbonization reactions. During the movement of the material relative to the pyrolysis and carbonization reactor, the metal balls come into contact with or even collide with the inner wall of the reactor. This can mechanically shake and remove local coking on the inner wall of the reactor, avoiding heat transfer attenuation caused by the accumulation of coke residue.

[0031] In addition, the metal balls are a better heat conductor. As the metal balls roll, they mix with the biomass material, which can distribute heat more evenly in the biomass material and ensure temperature uniformity.

[0032] In some embodiments, the surface of the metal sphere is provided with ribs; and / or, the surface of the metal sphere is provided with through holes to accommodate the catalyst. The ribs on the surface of the metal sphere can more efficiently scrape away coke deposits on the inner wall of the pyrolysis carbonization reactor, reducing the coke thickness. The ribs can be configured to extend in various forms, which will not be described in detail here. Alternatively, the surface of the metal sphere can also be provided with through holes, for example, through holes of φ2mm with a porosity of 15-20%. These through holes penetrate the metal sphere and can accommodate the catalyst. The metal sphere, mixed in with the biomass material and rolling within the pyrolysis carbonization reactor, can achieve a more uniform distribution of the catalyst, thereby improving reaction efficiency.

[0033] The metal spheres can be made of stainless steel, copper, etc., and can be in sizes such as φ40, 60, 80, etc. The appropriate size can be selected according to the properties of the biomass.

[0034] The feeding mechanism may also include a feed hopper 3 located at the inlet of the feed pipe 1, a crusher 4 located in the feed hopper 3, a catalyst spraying device 5 located in the feed pipe 1, and a feed airlock 6. The feed pipe 1 can extend vertically, and biomass can be fed through the feed hopper 3. The crusher 4 crushes the biomass into suitable particle sizes (e.g., 30-50mm for straw). The catalyst spraying device 5 can spray a catalyst (e.g., a phosphoric acid solution sprayed at a mass ratio of 1:0.03) onto the surface of the biomass. The catalyst on the surface of the biomass can enter the through holes of the metal sphere. The feed airlock 6 is located near the inlet of the pyrolysis carbonization reactor and is used to control the opening and closing of the feed pipe 1 to ensure sealing.

[0035] In addition, a compression device, such as a double-roll press or a piston compression chamber, can be installed downstream of the crusher 4. This compression increases the material density, thereby improving the material flow rate per unit time and the reactor's filling rate. The compressed straw has a closer contact with the catalyst and metal balls, which not only shortens the heat transfer distance required for drying and pyrolysis but also reduces voids and bypass paths within the reactor, significantly improving overall thermal efficiency and processing capacity.

[0036] The catalyst can be phosphoric acid or iron-based catalyst to achieve a higher deoxygenation reaction rate. Alternatively, a 20% zinc chloride solution can be used to activate the pyrolysis reaction at 250°C to lower the pyrolysis temperature. Biomass ash can also be used to achieve zero-cost catalysis by utilizing the potassium oxide / calcium oxide in the ash.

[0037] In some embodiments, the mobile pyrolysis carbonization equipment further includes a first heating jacket 9 disposed outside the first-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor 7, a second heating jacket 12 disposed outside the second-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor 10, and a heater, wherein the heater is connected to the first heating jacket 9 and the second heating jacket 12. The heater can provide heat energy to the first heating jacket 9 and the second heating jacket 12 to provide heat energy to the first-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor 7 and the second-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor 10, ensuring that drying, pyrolysis, and carbonization can be completed smoothly. The outer surfaces of the first heating jacket 9 and the second heating jacket 12 can be provided with insulation structures, such as ceramic fiber cotton, aerogel blankets, and vacuum insulation panels, and rock wool or glass wool composite aluminum foil can be used as an economical inner lining. Metallized glass fiber blankets or multi-layer metal foil reflective films can also be added between the above materials to further improve the insulation efficiency by utilizing radiation reflection.

[0038] In some embodiments, the first-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor 7 is provided with a pyrolysis gas outlet 15, and the heater is a burner 14 connected to the pyrolysis gas outlet. The first heating jacket 9 and the second heating jacket 12 are connected to each other. The pyrolysis gas generated by the pyrolysis of biomass in the first-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor 7 is discharged through the pyrolysis gas outlet 15 and transported to the burner 14. The pyrolysis gas is burned in the burner 14, and the flue gas generated by the combustion is transported to the first heating jacket 9 and the second heating jacket 12 to heat the first-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor 7 and the second-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor 10, respectively. The burner 14, the second heating jacket 12, and the first heating jacket 9 are connected in series. The flue gas first enters the second heating jacket 12 and then enters the first heating jacket 9, thereby ensuring that the second-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor 10 has a higher reaction temperature than the first-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor 7. Of course, the first heating jacket 9 and the second heating jacket 12 can also be connected in parallel to the burner 14. By controlling the flow rate of the flue gas supplied to the first heating jacket 9 and the second heating jacket 12, the first-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor 7 and the second-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor 10 can have different reaction temperatures.

[0039] In addition, burner 14 can store auxiliary fuel, which can be used to provide high-temperature flue gas to the two heating jackets when the pyrolysis gas production is insufficient.

[0040] Alternatively, the heater can be a premixed low-NOx burner, in which pyrolysis gas and secondary air are fully premixed in the combustion chamber to reduce the peak flame temperature and achieve NO reduction. xSignificant reduction in emissions; staged burners can also be used, injecting fuel and air in two stages in the burner section and the finishing section to precisely control the oxygen concentration and temperature gradient in the combustion reaction zone, further reducing pollutant generation and optimizing thermal efficiency; for the reactor heating side, porous media radiant burners can be used, utilizing the radiative characteristics of ceramic or metal porous plates to transfer combustion heat to the jacket in a more uniform form of infrared radiation, reducing convection losses and improving temperature field uniformity; when higher energy density or rapid auxiliary heating is required, oxygen-enriched burners can be introduced to increase the contact ratio between oxygen and fuel, significantly improving combustion intensity and heating rate; for scenarios using in-situ pyrolysis gas as fuel, dual-fuel switching burners can achieve seamless switching between pyrolysis gas and auxiliary fuels such as diesel and propane. The auxiliary fuel ensures system startup, and then the pyrolysis gas can be used as fuel to maintain burner operation, achieving a balance between fuel diversity and economy.

[0041] A flue gas outlet 22 is provided on the upper side of the first heating jacket 9. The flue gas outlet 22 is connected to a flue gas purifier 23 via a pipeline. The flue gas purifier 23 is connected to a chimney 24. The flue gas in the first heating jacket 9 is discharged through the flue gas outlet 22. After the flue gas purifier 23 performs deep purification treatment on the flue gas, it is discharged through the chimney 24. The flue gas purifier 23 reduces the harmful substances in the emitted flue gas, meets environmental emission standards, and eliminates the need for additional tail gas treatment equipment for the pyrolysis carbonization equipment.

[0042] The first heating jacket 9 and the second heating jacket 12, and the burner 14 (e.g., a hot air furnace) can be wrapped with 50mm thick ceramic fiber cotton.

[0043] In some embodiments, the mobile pyrolysis carbonization equipment further includes a cyclone dust collector 16 and a wood vinegar separation and recovery device 17. The cyclone dust collector 16 is connected to the pyrolysis gas outlet, and the wood vinegar separation and recovery device 17 and the burner 14 are connected in parallel to the cyclone dust collector 16. The cyclone dust collector 16 can filter the pyrolysis gas to remove solid particles. Part of the filtered pyrolysis gas is sent to the burner 14, and the other part is sent to the wood vinegar separation and recovery device 17, where it is cooled to produce the liquid product wood vinegar.

[0044] In some embodiments, the first-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor 7 is a horizontally extending cylindrical shape, and the second-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor 10 is also a horizontally extending cylindrical shape located below the first-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor 7. The first-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor 7 is provided with a horizontally extending first feeding screw 8, and the second-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor 10 is provided with a horizontally extending second feeding screw 11. The first feeding screw 8 can be driven by a motor to rotate, thereby pushing the material in the first-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor 7 from upstream to downstream, simultaneously performing drying and pyrolysis. The downstream end of the first-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor 7 has an outlet, through which the material is discharged and enters the screen 13. The second-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor 10 is located below the screen 13, and its inlet is connected to the screen 13 to receive the screened material (particle size exceeding a preset value). The second feeding screw 11, driven by a motor, pushes the material to move within the second-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor 10 and carry out the carbonization reaction. The downstream end of the second-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor 10 has an outlet, through which the material is discharged and enters the conveying mechanism 37. The conveying mechanism 37 can be a hoist, which includes a vertical cylinder and a lifting screw located therein. The lifting screw rotates under the drive of a motor to lift the material upward and convey it to the feed pipe 1, where it mixes with the newly added material before entering the first-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor 7.

[0045] The first feeding screw 8 and the second feeding screw 11 are spiral blade structures, which can be hollow and have uniformly distributed pores (e.g., 2-5 mm in diameter) on their surfaces. The first feeding screw 8 and the second feeding screw 11 can be connected to the first heating jacket 9 and the second heating jacket 12, respectively, allowing flue gas to be discharged through the pores to heat the material within. Optionally, a catalytically active gas (such as an alkaline gas stream containing potassium or calcium) can be introduced into the first feeding screw 8 and the second feeding screw 11 to promote deoxygenation and dehydrogenation reactions and shorten the pyrolysis and carbonization time; alternatively, nitrogen can be introduced to maintain the reactor's inert protection and prevent spontaneous combustion of biochar. Furthermore, a metal brush structure can be provided at the spiral edges of the first feeding screw 8 and the second feeding screw 11 to remove tar deposits from the reactor's inner wall.

[0046] In some embodiments, a first temperature sensor 27 and a first humidity sensor 26 are installed upstream of the first-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor 7; a second humidity sensor 28 is installed at the midpoint along the length of the first-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor 7; and a second temperature sensor 29 is installed downstream of the first-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor 7. When the second humidity sensor 28 detects that the humidity is lower than a predetermined value, the rotational speed of the first feeding screw 8 is reduced and / or the output power of the burner 14 is increased. The first temperature sensor 27 and the first humidity sensor 26 are used to detect the temperature and humidity of the material near the inlet of the first-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor 7, respectively. The second humidity sensor 28 is used to detect the humidity of the material at the midpoint to determine whether the material has been dried. If the humidity is higher than the predetermined value, it indicates that the drying is incomplete, and the material's moving speed needs to be reduced to increase the heating time or the heating power needs to be increased to ensure that the moisture in the material evaporates. The second temperature sensor 29 is used to detect the pyrolysis temperature.

[0047] In some embodiments, a third temperature sensor 33 and a first biochar optical sensor 32 are located at the midpoint of the second-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor 10 along its length, and a second biochar optical sensor 34 is located at the downstream end of the second-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor 10. When the first biochar optical sensor 32 detects a color difference higher than a predetermined value, and the third temperature sensor 33 detects a temperature lower than a predetermined temperature, the rotational speed of the second feeding screw 11 is reduced and / or the output power of the burner 14 is increased. The biochar optical sensor can acquire images of the material and determine the degree of carbonization of the material based on its color difference with qualified biochar. For example, when the color difference is large and the temperature detected by the third temperature sensor 33 is low, it indicates that standard biochar has not been generated, and the material movement speed needs to be reduced and the heating power increased. If the color difference is large and the temperature detected by the third temperature sensor 33 is high (above 600°C), the heating power needs to be reduced and the material conveying speed increased. The second biochar optical sensor 34 is used to detect whether the material at the downstream end of the second-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor 10 is qualified biochar. Of course, one can also judge whether qualified biochar has been formed by observing the morphology of the material based on the images collected by the biochar optical sensor.

[0048] In addition, a fourth temperature sensor is installed in the burner 14 to detect the temperature of the output flue gas and adjust the power of the burner 14; a fifth temperature sensor 36 is installed at the discharge pipe 19 to detect whether the temperature of the output biochar meets the standard and adjust the cooler 20 according to the temperature; a first gas composition sensor 30 is installed at the pyrolysis gas outlet 15 to detect the carbon monoxide / carbon dioxide ratio in the pyrolysis gas; and a second gas composition sensor 31 is installed in the flue gas purifier 23 to detect the carbon monoxide / carbon dioxide ratio in the flue gas.

[0049] Additionally, in some embodiments, the mobile pyrolysis carbonization equipment further includes a discharge mechanism connected to the sieve 13, the discharge mechanism including a discharge pipe 19 and a cooler 20 surrounding the discharge pipe 19. The discharge pipe 19 is connected to the sieve 13 to receive biochar of acceptable particle size, and the cooler 20 can cool the discharge pipe 19 and the biochar therein.

[0050] A discharge air lock 21 is provided at the outlet of the discharge pipe 19 to seal the discharge pipe 21.

[0051] In addition, in some embodiments, the mobile pyrolysis carbonization equipment also includes a storage tank containing fertilizer and microbial agents, which can inject nutrients into the cooled biochar to prepare biochar-based fertilizer that can be directly returned to the field.

[0052] In some embodiments, the mobile pyrolysis carbonization equipment further includes a nitrogen generator 18 connected to the feeding mechanism, the reactor, and the discharging mechanism, respectively. The nitrogen generator 18 provides nitrogen to the feeding mechanism, the reactor, and the discharging mechanism to create an oxygen-free environment. The nitrogen generator 18 can be connected to the first-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor 7, the second-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor 10, the feed gas lock 6, and the discharge gas lock 21 to ensure a slightly positive pressure oxygen-free state. The nitrogen generator 18 operates at a speed of 5m... 3 Nitrogen gas is supplied to the first-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor 7 and the second-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor 10 at a rate of 3m³ / h. 3 / h provides nitrogen to the feed gas lock 6, at 2m 3 / h supplies nitrogen to the discharge airlock 21.

[0053] Each sensor, device, and component can be connected to a PLC controller, which then automatically controls the devices based on the information provided by the sensors.

[0054] In addition, in some embodiments, the mobile pyrolysis carbonization equipment also includes a housing 25, wherein the feed pipe 1 passes through the top of the housing 25, the feed hopper 3, the crusher 4, the catalyst spraying device 5, and the metal ball dispensing device 2 are located outside the housing 25, the feed airlock 6 is located inside the housing 25, the chimney 24 is set at the top of the housing, and other devices and components are all set inside the housing 25.

[0055] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings; however, the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the scope of the inventive concept, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, including combinations of various specific technical features in any suitable manner. To avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention will not describe the various possible combinations separately. However, these simple modifications and combinations should also be considered as the content disclosed in the present invention and are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mobile pyrolysis carbonization device, characterized in that, The device includes a pyrolysis carbonization reactor and a feeding mechanism for supplying materials to the pyrolysis carbonization reactor. The pyrolysis carbonization reactor includes a first-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor (7) for drying and pyrolysis and a second-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor (10) for carbonization. The outlet of the first-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor (7) is connected to the inlet of the second-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor (10) through a screen (13). The screen (13) is used to screen qualified biochar and other materials and transport the other materials to the second-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor (10). The outlet of the second-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor (10) is connected to the side of the feed pipe (1) through a conveying mechanism (37). The conveying mechanism (37) is used to transport materials to the first-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor (7).

2. The mobile pyrolysis carbonization equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feeding mechanism includes a feed pipe (1) connected to the pyrolysis carbonization reactor and a metal ball dispensing device (2) connected to the side of the feed pipe (1). The metal ball dispensing device (2) is used to provide metal balls to the pyrolysis carbonization reactor. The metal balls are able to rub against the inner wall of the pyrolysis carbonization reactor to at least partially remove coking.

3. The mobile pyrolysis carbonization equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The surface of the metal sphere is provided with ridges; and / or, the surface of the metal sphere is provided with through holes to accommodate the catalyst.

4. The mobile pyrolysis carbonization equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a first heating jacket (9) disposed outside the first-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor (7), a second heating jacket (12) disposed outside the second-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor (10), and a heater, wherein the heater is connected to the first heating jacket (9) and the second heating jacket (12).

5. The mobile pyrolysis carbonization equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor (7) is provided with a pyrolysis gas outlet (15), and the heater is a burner (14) connected to the pyrolysis gas outlet (15). The first heating jacket (9) and the second heating jacket (12) are connected to each other.

6. The mobile pyrolysis carbonization equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a cyclone dust collector (16) and a wood vinegar separation and recovery device (17), wherein the cyclone dust collector (16) is connected to the pyrolysis gas outlet (15), and the wood vinegar separation and recovery device (17) and the burner (14) are connected in parallel to the cyclone dust collector (16).

7. The mobile pyrolysis carbonization equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor (7) is a horizontally extending cylindrical shape, and the second-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor (10) is a horizontally extending cylindrical shape located below the first-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor (7). The first-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor (7) is provided with a horizontally extending first feeding screw (8), and the second-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor (10) is provided with a horizontally extending second feeding screw (11).

8. The mobile pyrolysis carbonization equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that, A first temperature sensor (27) and a first humidity sensor (26) are provided at the upstream end of the first-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor (7). A second humidity sensor (28) is provided at the middle position along the length direction of the first-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor (7). A second temperature sensor (29) is provided at the downstream end of the first-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor (7). When the second humidity sensor (28) detects that the humidity is lower than a predetermined value, the rotation speed of the first feeding screw (8) is reduced and / or the output power of the burner (14) is increased.

9. The mobile pyrolysis carbonization equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that, A third temperature sensor (33) and a first biochar optical sensor (32) are provided at the middle position along the length direction of the second-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor (10). A second biochar optical sensor (34) is provided at the downstream end of the second-stage pyrolysis carbonization reactor (10). When the first biochar optical sensor (32) detects a color difference higher than a predetermined value and the third temperature sensor (33) detects a temperature lower than a predetermined temperature, the rotation speed of the second feeding screw (11) is reduced and / or the output power of the burner (14) is increased.

10. The mobile pyrolysis carbonization equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a discharge mechanism connected to the screener (13), the discharge mechanism including a discharge pipe (19) and a cooler (20) surrounding the discharge pipe (19).

11. The mobile pyrolysis carbonization equipment according to claim 10, characterized in that, It also includes a nitrogen generator (18) connected to the feeding mechanism, the reactor and the discharging mechanism respectively, the nitrogen generator (18) being used to provide nitrogen to the feeding mechanism, the reactor and the discharging mechanism to form an oxygen-free environment.

Images