Railway bridge and tunnel settlement automatic monitoring device and method based on 3DGIS

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of detection devices, and discloses a DGIS-based railway bridge and tunnel settlement automatic monitoring device and method.The DGIS-based railway bridge and tunnel settlement automatic monitoring device comprises a datum point observation platform, a GNSS monitoring system and a static level gauge, the upper side of a base is fixedly connected with a supporting rod, and the upper end of the supporting rod is rotationally connected with a connecting rod; a photovoltaic panel is fixedly connected to the upper end of the connecting rod, a box body is arranged on the outer wall of the upper end of the supporting rod, a double-shaft motor is arranged in the box body, and a cleaning mechanism and a light-following rotating mechanism are fixedly arranged at the output end of the upper side of the double-shaft motor. By means of the base, the supporting rod, the static level gauge, the GNSS monitoring system, the datum point observation platform, the double-shaft motor, the light-following rotating mechanism, the cleaning mechanism and the connecting rod, the problems that the GNSS monitoring station usually depends on a fixed-angle solar cell panel and a storage battery for power supply, the solar cell panel can be covered with dust after long-time outdoor use, and consequently the power generation efficiency is reduced are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of detection device technology, specifically to an automatic monitoring device and method for railway bridge and tunnel settlement based on 3DGIS. Background Technology

[0002] In railway bridge and tunnel engineering, settlement and deformation are key factors affecting structural stability and service life. With technological advancements, 3DGIS technology, with its higher accuracy and intuitiveness, is widely used in the civil engineering industry. Its principle is based on three-dimensional spatial data, using computer technology to model, manage, analyze, visualize, and apply geographic elements on the Earth's surface, underground, and in the air, enabling a more realistic and comprehensive reflection of the spatial distribution and interrelationships of geographic entities.

[0003] In the process of settlement monitoring, the introduction of 3DGIS technology has enabled the automated settlement monitoring system to have higher accuracy and stronger real-time performance.

[0004] However, in actual use, GNSS monitoring stations used in the field are usually set up in remote bridge and tunnel areas without stable mains power. GNSS monitoring stations usually rely on fixed-angle solar panels and batteries for power supply. Long-term outdoor use will cause the solar panels to be covered with dust, resulting in reduced power generation efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an automatic monitoring device and method for railway bridge and tunnel settlement based on 3DGIS, which solves the problem that GNSS monitoring stations typically rely on fixed-angle solar panels and batteries for power supply, and that prolonged outdoor use can cause the solar panels to be covered in dust, leading to reduced power generation efficiency.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an automatic monitoring device for railway bridge and tunnel settlement based on DGIS, comprising a benchmark observation station, a GNSS monitoring system component, and a hydrostatic level. The benchmark observation station is communicatively connected to the GNSS monitoring system component. A base is provided on the lower side of the benchmark container of the hydrostatic level. A support rod is fixedly connected to the upper side of the base. A connecting rod is rotatably connected to the upper end of the support rod. A photovoltaic panel is fixedly connected to the upper end of the connecting rod. A housing is provided on the upper outer wall of the support rod. The GNSS monitoring system component is located inside the housing. A dual-axis motor is provided inside the housing. A cleaning mechanism and a light-following rotation mechanism are fixedly provided on the upper output end of the dual-axis motor. One side of the light-following rotation mechanism is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the connecting rod, and one side of the cleaning mechanism is located on the outer wall of the photovoltaic panel. The GNSS monitoring system component is electrically connected to both the dual-axis motor and the photovoltaic panel.

[0007] The above technical solution utilizes a dual-axis motor output to drive a light-following rotation mechanism and a cleaning mechanism, thereby enabling the photovoltaic panel to rotate with the light source and clean it. This improves the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic panel and solves the problem that GNSS monitoring stations typically rely on fixed-angle solar panels and batteries for power, where prolonged outdoor use leads to dust accumulation on the solar panels, resulting in reduced power generation efficiency.

[0008] Preferably, the light-following rotation mechanism includes a spring mechanism and a rotation component. The lower side of the spring mechanism is disposed on the upper side of the housing, and one side of the rotation component is disposed on one side of the spring mechanism. The upper output end of the dual-axis motor is fixedly disposed on the lower side of the rotation component, and one side of the rotation component is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the connecting rod.

[0009] Preferably, the rotating assembly includes a gearbox, one side of which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing, a fourth gear is fixedly mounted on the lower side of the gearbox, the tooth end of the fourth gear is meshed with a third gear, the lower side of the third gear is fixedly connected to the upper output end of the dual-shaft motor, a one-way clutch gear is fixedly mounted on the upper side of the gearbox, and a first gear and a second gear are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the connecting rod, the tooth end of the first gear is meshed with the tooth end of the one-way clutch gear, and the tooth end of the second gear is meshed with one side of the spring mechanism.

[0010] Preferably, the cleaning mechanism includes a second spring mechanism, one side of which is disposed on one side of the photovoltaic panel. A fastening rope is fixedly connected to one side of the second spring mechanism, and one end of the fastening rope is fixedly connected to one side of the cleaning component. One side of the cleaning component is slidably connected to the outer wall of the photovoltaic panel. The lower side of the cleaning component is fixedly connected to one side of the reciprocating component, which is disposed inside the support rod. The other side of the reciprocating component is fixedly disposed at the upper output end of the dual-axis motor.

[0011] Preferably, the cleaning component includes a cleaning brush, one end of the fastening rope of the second spring mechanism is fixedly connected to one side of the cleaning brush, both sides of the photovoltaic panel are provided with sliding grooves, the inner wall of the sliding groove is slidably connected to the outer walls of both ends of the cleaning brush, the lower side of the cleaning brush is in contact with the upper surface of the photovoltaic panel, a sliding rope is fixedly connected to the side of the cleaning brush away from the second spring mechanism, the outer wall of the sliding rope is provided with a sliding tube, one end of the outer wall of the sliding tube is in contact with the other side of the photovoltaic panel, the other end of the outer wall of the sliding tube passes through the outer wall of the connecting rod, and the lower end of the sliding rope is fixedly connected to one side of the reciprocating component.

[0012] Preferably, the reciprocating assembly includes a belt, with pulleys connected to the inner walls of both ends of the belt. One side of each pulley is rotatably connected to the inner wall of a support rod. A connector is fixedly connected to the lower end of the sliding rope, and one side of the connector is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the belt. One side of the outer wall of one of the pulleys passes through the outer wall of the support rod. One side of one of the pulleys is fixedly connected to an overrunning clutch. A first bevel gear is fixedly connected to the side of the overrunning clutch away from the pulley. A second bevel gear is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the upper output end of the dual-shaft motor. The teeth of the second bevel gear mesh with the teeth of the first bevel gear.

[0013] Preferably, the lower output end of the dual-axis motor is fixedly provided with heat dissipation blades, the lower side of the housing is provided with through holes that match the heat dissipation blades, and the side of the housing away from the support rod is provided with a door.

[0014] Preferably, a support plate is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the support rod, and one side of the spring mechanism and the housing are both fixedly connected to one side of the support plate.

[0015] Preferably, a roller is rotatably connected to the other side of the photovoltaic panel, and the outer wall of the roller is in contact with the outer wall of the sliding rope.

[0016] An automatic monitoring method for railway bridge and tunnel settlement based on 3DGIS, used in a 3DGIS-based automatic monitoring device for railway bridge and tunnel settlement, the method comprising the following steps:

[0017] S1: Set up a benchmark observation station on a stable foundation as the initial benchmark point. Set up a GNSS monitoring system component at the monitoring site and provide support for the GNSS monitoring system component through a base and support rod. Set up a reference point container for a hydrostatic instrument on the base. Set up multiple monitoring point containers for hydrostatic instruments at the settlement points that need to be monitored. The hydrostatic instruments are connected to the benchmark observation station through the GNSS monitoring system component.

[0018] S2: By connecting the GNSS monitoring system components and satellites, the three-dimensional coordinate data of the GNSS monitoring system component's location is obtained. By connecting the reference point observation station and satellites, the three-dimensional coordinate data of the reference point observation station's location is obtained. By comparing the data from the GNSS monitoring system components and the reference point observation station, the settlement data of the GNSS monitoring system component's location is obtained, thereby providing accurate three-dimensional coordinate data for the reference point container of the hydrostatic instrument.

[0019] S3: Real-time monitoring of settlement data at monitoring points is achieved through multiple monitoring point containers of a hydrostatic instrument. Combined with settlement data from the locations of GNSS monitoring system components, data calculation and processing are performed to obtain settlement data for different monitoring points. The data is then transmitted to the benchmark observation station for processing, analysis, and display, thereby enabling an intuitive display of settlement data for each monitoring point.

[0020] Working principle: Through the cooperation of the hydrostatic instrument, base, GNSS monitoring system components and benchmark observation station, the device realizes the function of real-time measurement of settlement data at the detection point; through the positive drive of the upper output end of the dual-axis motor, the gear three rotates, causing the gear four to rotate. Through the speed regulation of the gearbox, the one-way clutch gear rotates, causing the gear one and gear two to rotate, which in turn drives the connecting rod to rotate and causes the spring mechanism one to store energy. When there is no light, through the cooperation of the GNSS monitoring system components, the dual-axis motor stops rotating. Through the action of the one-way clutch gear itself, the energy of the spring mechanism one is released, driving the connecting rod back to the initial position, thus realizing the function of the light-following rotation mechanism driving the photovoltaic panel to rotate with the light.

[0021] The reverse drive from the upper output end of the dual-axis motor drives the second bevel gear to rotate, which in turn drives the first bevel gear to rotate. Through the engagement of the overrunning clutch, the rotating wheel rotates, which in turn drives the belt to rotate. This causes the connector to drive the sliding rope to move up and down along a certain path inside the support rod. Through the cooperation of the sliding tube and the roller, the cleaning brush moves on the upper surface of the photovoltaic panel. Through the cooperation of the sliding groove and the second spring mechanism, the cleaning brush reciprocates on the upper surface of the photovoltaic panel, thus realizing the cleaning function of the cleaning mechanism to clean the photovoltaic panel.

[0022] During this process, the cooling blades are driven by the output end of the dual-axis motor, thereby increasing the airflow speed inside and outside the box and realizing the heat dissipation function of the device. This solves the problem that GNSS monitoring stations usually rely on fixed-angle solar panels and batteries for power supply, and long-term outdoor use will cause the solar panels to be covered with dust, resulting in reduced power generation efficiency.

[0023] This invention provides an automatic monitoring device and method for railway bridge and tunnel settlement based on DGIS. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] 1. This invention provides support for the support rod and hydrostatic instrument through the base, and realizes the function of settlement monitoring of the device through the cooperation of GNSS monitoring system components and benchmark observation station. Driven by the output end of the dual-axis motor, the light-following rotation mechanism and cleaning mechanism are driven to do work, and through the cooperation of the connecting rod, the photovoltaic panel can be rotated with the light and the photovoltaic panel can be cleaned, thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic panel. This solves the problem that GNSS monitoring stations usually rely on fixed-angle solar panels and batteries for power supply, and the long-term outdoor use will cause the solar panels to be covered with dust, resulting in a decrease in power generation efficiency.

[0025] 2. This invention drives gear three to rotate through the positive drive of the upper output end of the dual-axis motor, which in turn drives gear four to rotate. Through the speed regulation of the gearbox, the one-way clutch gear rotates, which in turn drives gear one and gear two to rotate, thereby driving the connecting rod to rotate and causing the spring mechanism one to store energy, thus realizing the function of the light-following rotation mechanism driving the photovoltaic panel to rotate with the light.

[0026] 3. This invention uses the reverse drive of the upper output end of the dual-axis motor to drive the second bevel gear to rotate, which in turn drives the first bevel gear to rotate. Through the engagement of the overrunning clutch, the rotating wheel rotates, which in turn drives the belt to rotate. This causes the connector to drive the sliding rope to move up and down along a certain path inside the support rod. Through the cooperation of the sliding tube and the roller, the cleaning brush moves on the upper surface of the photovoltaic panel. Through the cooperation of the sliding groove and the second spring mechanism, the cleaning brush reciprocates on the upper surface of the photovoltaic panel, thereby realizing the cleaning function of the cleaning mechanism for the photovoltaic panel.

[0027] 4. This invention drives the heat dissipation blades to rotate through the lower output end of the dual-axis motor, thereby increasing the airflow speed inside and outside the box and thus realizing the heat dissipation function of the device.

[0028] 5. This invention sets up a benchmark observation station as a relatively stable benchmark point, and through the relay of the GNSS monitoring system components, enables the settlement data of the hydrostatic instrument on the base to have real-time performance and accuracy. By measuring each monitoring point through the hydrostatic instrument, real-time monitoring of each settlement monitoring point is achieved. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0031] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 1 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the rear side of the housing of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a partial cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged view of point C in the middle;

[0035] Figure 7 This is a partial cross-sectional structural diagram of the overrunning clutch of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 8 This is a partial cross-sectional structural diagram of the one-way clutch gear of the present invention.

[0037] The components include: 1. Static level; 2. Base; 3. Support rod; 4. Benchmark observation platform; 5. Box door; 6. Light-following rotation mechanism; 60. Wind-up mechanism one; 61. Rotating assembly; 610. Gear one; 611. Gear two; 612. One-way clutch gear; 613. Gearbox; 614. Gear three; 615. Gear four; 7. Connecting rod; 8. Photovoltaic panel; 9. Cleaning mechanism; 90. Wind-up mechanism two; 91. Cleaning assembly; 910. Cleaning brush; 911. Slide groove; 912. Slide rope; 913. Roller; 914. Slide tube; 92. Reciprocating assembly; 920. Belt; 921. Rotating wheel; 922. Connector; 923. Clutch; 924. First bevel gear; 925. Second bevel gear; 10. Support plate; 11. Box body; 12. GNSS monitoring system assembly; 13. Dual-axis motor; 14. Heat dissipation blades. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] Please see the appendix Figure 1 Appendix Figure 2 Appendix Figure 5This invention provides an automatic monitoring device for railway bridge and tunnel settlement based on 3DGIS, including a reference point observation station 4, a GNSS monitoring system component 12, and a static level 1. The reference point observation station 4 is communicatively connected to the GNSS monitoring system component 12. A base 2 is provided on the lower side of the reference point container of the static level 1. A support rod 3 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the base 2. A connecting rod 7 is rotatably connected to the upper end of the support rod 3. A photovoltaic panel 8 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the connecting rod 7. A box 11 is provided on the upper outer wall of the support rod 3. The GNSS monitoring system component 12 is located inside the box 11. A dual-axis motor 13 is provided inside the box 11. A cleaning mechanism 9 and a light-following rotation mechanism 6 are fixedly provided on the upper output end of the dual-axis motor 13. One side of the light-following rotation mechanism 6 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the connecting rod 7. One side of the cleaning mechanism 9 is located on the outer wall of the photovoltaic panel 8. The GNSS monitoring system component 12 is electrically connected to the dual-axis motor 13 and the photovoltaic panel 8.

[0040] In this embodiment, the GNSS monitoring system component 12 is a device system that obtains the real-time three-dimensional coordinates, longitude, latitude, and elevation of a target point by receiving satellite signals, and is used to monitor dynamic changes such as object displacement, settlement, and deformation. It consists of a GNSS receiver, an antenna, and a power supply system. Solar energy is converted into electrical energy by photovoltaic panels 8 and stored in the power supply system of the GNSS monitoring system component 12. The above is the prior art. The reference point observation station 4 is set in a location with a stable foundation that is not prone to settlement, and it includes a management backend and a GNSS monitoring system. The GNSS monitoring system is used to obtain the three-dimensional coordinates of the reference point observation station 4 itself, and the management backend is used for data processing, analysis, and display. The dual-axis motor 13 is a dual-axis servo motor that can transmit its own rotational data to the GNSS monitoring system component 12.

[0041] When using this device, the GNSS monitoring system component 12 obtains its own three-dimensional coordinates through connection with the satellite and compares them with the three-dimensional coordinates of the reference point observation station 4 to obtain the settlement data of the GNSS monitoring system component 12. This results in the settlement data of the reference point of the hydrostatic instrument 1. The device then measures the location where the settlement data needs to be measured through the containers of each monitoring point of the hydrostatic instrument 1. Combined with the settlement data of the reference point containers, the settlement data of each monitoring point is obtained, thus realizing the function of the device in measuring settlement data.

[0042] The base 2 provides support for the support rod 3, which in turn provides support for the housing 11, thereby providing support for the GNSS monitoring system component 12 and the dual-axis motor 13. The positive drive of the output end of the dual-axis motor 13 drives the light-following rotation mechanism 6 to rotate and store energy, which in turn drives the connecting rod 7 to rotate, so that the photovoltaic panel 8 rotates at a preset speed, so that the photovoltaic panel 8 always follows the light and improves the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic panel 8.

[0043] When the sun sets, the dual-axis motor 13 rotates a certain number of times. Alternatively, if the GNSS monitoring system component 12 detects that the power generation of the photovoltaic panel 8 is lower than a preset value, the GNSS monitoring system component 12 controls the dual-axis motor 13 to stop rotating. The energy stored in the light-following rotation mechanism 6 is released, and the connecting rod 7 rotates in the opposite direction, causing the photovoltaic panel 8 to return to its initial position and wait for the sun to rise below. Then, the dual-axis motor 13 rotates in the opposite direction, driving the cleaning mechanism 9 to move on the upper surface of the photovoltaic panel 8. Through the cooperation of the cleaning mechanism 9 itself, the cleaning mechanism 9 repeatedly cleans the upper surface of the photovoltaic panel 8, thereby further improving the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic panel 8. This solves the problem that GNSS monitoring stations usually rely on fixed-angle solar panels and batteries for power supply, and long-term outdoor use will cause the solar panels to be covered with dust, resulting in reduced power generation efficiency.

[0044] Please see the appendix Figure 4 The light-following rotation mechanism 6 includes a spring mechanism 60 and a rotation component 61. The lower side of the spring mechanism 60 is disposed on the upper side of the housing 11, and one side of the rotation component 61 is disposed on one side of the spring mechanism 60. The upper output end of the dual-axis motor 13 is fixedly disposed on the lower side of the rotation component 61, and one side of the rotation component 61 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the connecting rod 7.

[0045] Specifically, when the dual-axis motor 13 rotates in the forward direction, it drives the rotating component 61 to rotate, which in turn drives the connecting rod 7 to rotate. At the same time, the rotating component 61 also performs work on the spring mechanism 60, allowing the spring mechanism 60 to store energy. When the dual-axis motor 13 stops rotating, the spring mechanism 60 releases its stored energy, driving the connecting rod 7 to rotate in the reverse direction and return to its initial position. This achieves the function of the light-following rotating mechanism 6 driving the photovoltaic panel 8 to rotate with the light.

[0046] Please see the appendix Figure 4 Appendix Figure 5 and attached Figure 6 The rotating assembly 61 includes a gearbox 613. One side of the gearbox 613 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing 11. A gear four 615 is fixedly installed on the lower side of the gearbox 613. The tooth end of the gear four 615 is meshed with a gear three 614. The lower side of the gear three 614 is fixedly connected to the upper output end of the dual-shaft motor 13. A one-way clutch gear 612 is fixedly installed on the upper side of the gearbox 613. A gear one 610 and a gear two 611 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the connecting rod 7. The tooth end of the gear one 610 is meshed with the tooth end of the one-way clutch gear 612, and the tooth end of the gear two 611 is meshed with one side of the spring mechanism one 60.

[0047] Specifically, the gearbox 613 is composed of multiple gears, which can adjust and output the speed of the dual-shaft motor 13 according to a certain ratio, so that the photovoltaic panel 8 can passively follow the direction of the sun to rotate, which is existing technology; the one-way clutch gear 612 is composed of a one-way overrunning clutch and teeth fixedly connected to the outer wall of the one-way overrunning clutch. The one-way overrunning clutch can realize its inner ring driving the outer ring to rotate in the forward direction. When the inner ring does not rotate or rotates in the reverse direction, the outer ring does not rotate. A CSK type roller overrunning clutch can be used, which is existing technology. The output end of the gearbox 613 is fixedly connected to the lower side of the inner ring of the one-way clutch gear 612, and the tooth ends of the outer ring of the one-way clutch gear 612 mesh with the tooth ends of gear 610.

[0048] Driven in the positive direction by the output of the dual-axis motor 13, the input end of the gearbox 613 rotates through the cooperation of gear three 614 and gear four 615. This causes the output end of the gearbox 613 to drive the one-way clutch gear 612 to rotate, which in turn causes gear one 610 to rotate, which in turn drives the connecting rod 7 to rotate. This, in turn, drives the photovoltaic panel 8 and gear two 611 to rotate. Through the drive of gear two 611 on the spring mechanism one 60, the spring mechanism one 60 stores energy. Thus, the function of the rotating component 61 driving the photovoltaic panel 8 to rotate with the light is realized.

[0049] Please see the appendix Figure 2 and attached Figure 5 The cleaning mechanism 9 includes a second spring mechanism 90. One side of the second spring mechanism 90 is disposed on one side of the photovoltaic panel 8. A fastening rope is fixedly connected to one side of the second spring mechanism 90. One end of the fastening rope on one side of the second spring mechanism 90 is fixedly connected to one side of the cleaning component 91. One side of the cleaning component 91 is slidably connected to the outer wall of the photovoltaic panel 8. The lower side of the cleaning component 91 is fixedly connected to one side of the reciprocating component 92. The reciprocating component 92 is disposed inside the support rod 3. The other side of the reciprocating component 92 is fixedly disposed at the upper output end of the dual-axis motor 13.

[0050] Specifically, the reciprocating component 92 is driven to rotate by the reverse drive of the upper output end of the dual-axis motor 13, which in turn drives the cleaning component 91 to move horizontally on the surface of the photovoltaic panel 8. Through the action of the cleaning component 91 itself, the cleaning component 91 can move back and forth on the upper surface of the photovoltaic panel 8, thereby realizing the cleaning function of the cleaning mechanism 9 on the photovoltaic panel 8.

[0051] Please see the appendix Figure 2 Appendix Figure 3 and attached Figure 4The cleaning component 91 includes a cleaning brush 910. One end of the fastening rope of the second spring mechanism 90 is fixedly connected to one side of the cleaning brush 910. The photovoltaic panel 8 has grooves 911 on both sides. The inner wall of the grooves 911 is slidably connected to the outer walls of both ends of the cleaning brush 910. The lower side of the cleaning brush 910 is in contact with the upper surface of the photovoltaic panel 8. A sliding rope 912 is fixedly connected to the side of the cleaning brush 910 away from the second spring mechanism 90. A sliding tube 914 is provided on the outer wall of the sliding rope 912. One end of the outer wall of the sliding tube 914 is in contact with the other side of the photovoltaic panel 8. The other end of the outer wall of the sliding tube 914 passes through the outer wall of the connecting rod 7. The lower end of the sliding rope 912 is fixedly connected to one side of the reciprocating component 92.

[0052] Specifically, the sliding tube 914 limits and guides the sliding rope 912. The rotation of the reciprocating assembly 92 causes the lower end of the sliding rope 912 to move up and down along a certain path inside the support rod 3. When the sliding rope 912 moves downwards inside the support rod 3, the other end of the sliding rope 912 pulls the cleaning brush 910 horizontally away from the second spring mechanism 90. The connection between the cleaning brush 910 and the second spring mechanism 90 allows the second spring mechanism 90 to store energy. The sliding connection between the two ends of the cleaning brush 910 and the sliding groove 911 limits and guides the cleaning brush 910. During the movement of the cleaning brush 910, the cleaning brush... The lower side of 910 cleans the upper surface of the photovoltaic panel 8. When the cleaning brush 910 moves to the end of the slide groove 911 away from the second spring mechanism 90, the slide rope 912 follows the rotation of the reciprocating component 92 and rotates to the bottom of the reciprocating component 92. As the reciprocating component 92 continues to rotate, the lower end of the slide rope 912 moves upward. Through the release of energy from the second spring mechanism 90, the cleaning brush 910 is pulled back to the initial position. During this process, the slide rope 912 is contracted. Through the continuous rotation of the reciprocating component 92, the cleaning brush 910 is driven to move horizontally back and forth on the upper surface of the photovoltaic panel 8, thereby realizing the function of cleaning the photovoltaic panel 8 by the cleaning component 91.

[0053] Please see the appendix Figure 5 and attached Figure 6 The reciprocating assembly 92 includes a belt 920, with pulleys 921 connected to the inner walls of both ends of the belt 920. One side of the pulleys 921 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the support rod 3. The lower end of the sliding rope 912 is fixedly connected to a connector 922, and one side of the connector 922 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the belt 920. One side of the outer wall of one of the pulleys 921 passes through the outer wall of the support rod 3. One side of one of the pulleys 921 is fixedly connected to a clutch 923. The side of the clutch 923 away from the pulley 921 is fixedly connected to a first bevel gear 924. The upper output end of the dual-shaft motor 13 is fixedly connected to a second bevel gear 925. The teeth of the second bevel gear 925 mesh with the teeth of the first bevel gear 924.

[0054] Specifically, clutch 923 is a one-way overrunning clutch. When its inner ring rotates forward, it drives the outer ring to rotate. When the inner ring does not rotate or rotates in the opposite direction, the outer ring does not rotate. A CSK-type roller overrunning clutch can be used, which is existing technology. One end of the rotating wheel 921 is fixedly connected to the outer ring of clutch 923, and one end of the first bevel gear 924 is fixedly connected to the inner ring of clutch 923. The reverse rotation of the output end of the dual-shaft motor 13 drives the second bevel gear 925 to rotate, causing clutch 923 to rotate. Through the action of clutch 923, rotating wheel 921 is driven to rotate. This drives the belt 920 to rotate. The width of the connector 922 is greater than the width of the belt 920, and there is a pre-set gap between one end of the connector 922 and one side of the belt 920. The belt 920 rolls on the wheel 921, causing the connector 922 to move, which in turn causes the lower end of the slide rope 912 to move up and down reciprocally inside the support rod 3. When the output end of the dual-axis motor 13 rotates in the opposite direction, the outer ring of the one-way clutch gear 612 rotates, so it will not drive the photovoltaic panel 8 to rotate, thus realizing the function of the reciprocating component 92 driving the slide rope 912 to move up and down reciprocally.

[0055] Please see the appendix Figure 5 A heat dissipation blade 14 is fixedly installed on the lower output end of the dual-axis motor 13. A through hole matching the heat dissipation blade 14 is opened on the lower side of the housing 11. A door 5 is provided on the side of the housing 11 away from the support rod 3.

[0056] Specifically, when the output end of the dual-axis motor 13 rotates in the forward direction, it is daytime. The output end of the lower side of the dual-axis motor 13 drives the heat dissipation blades 14 to rotate at high speed continuously to dissipate heat from the inside of the housing 11. When the output end of the dual-axis motor 13 rotates in the reverse direction, it is nighttime. Compared to daytime, rapid heat dissipation is not required. Therefore, the speed of the dual-axis motor 13 is slower at night, which facilitates the driving of the cleaning mechanism 9 to clean the photovoltaic panel 8 while providing a lower efficiency heat dissipation function.

[0057] Please see the appendix Figure 4 The outer wall of the support rod 3 is fixedly connected to the support plate 10, and the spring mechanism 60 and one side of the housing 11 are both fixedly connected to one side of the support plate 10.

[0058] Specifically, the support rod 3 provides stable support for the support plate 10, which in turn provides stable support for the housing 11 and the spring mechanism 60, thereby helping to achieve the stability of the device.

[0059] Please see the appendix Figure 1 and attached Figure 3 On the other side of the photovoltaic panel 8, a roller 913 is rotatably connected, and the outer wall of the roller 913 is in contact with the outer wall of the sliding rope 912.

[0060] Specifically, by setting up the roller 913 and ensuring its outer wall fits against the outer wall of the sliding rope 912, the friction between the sliding rope 912 and the photovoltaic panel 8 can be reduced when the sliding rope 912 moves. This avoids long-term interference between the sliding rope 912 and the photovoltaic panel 8, which could lead to damage to the sliding rope 912 or the photovoltaic panel 8, thereby helping to improve the service life of the device.

[0061] Please see the appendix Figure 1 and attached Figure 5 An automatic monitoring method for railway bridge and tunnel settlement based on 3DGIS, used in a 3DGIS-based automatic monitoring device for railway bridge and tunnel settlement, includes the following steps:

[0062] S1: A reference point observation station 4 is set up on a stable foundation as an initial reference point. A GNSS monitoring system component 12 is set up at the monitoring site and supported by a base 2 and a support rod 3. A reference point container for a hydrostatic instrument 1 is set up on the base 2. Multiple monitoring point containers for the hydrostatic instrument 1 are set up at the settlement points that need to be monitored. The hydrostatic instrument 1 is connected to the reference point observation station 4 through the GNSS monitoring system component 12.

[0063] S2: By connecting the GNSS monitoring system component 12 with the satellite, the three-dimensional coordinate data of the position of the GNSS monitoring system component 12 is obtained. By connecting the reference point observation station 4 with the satellite, the three-dimensional coordinate data of the position of the reference point observation station 4 is obtained. By comparing the data from the two locations, the settlement data of the GNSS monitoring system component 12 is obtained, thereby providing accurate three-dimensional coordinate data for the reference point container of the hydrostatic instrument 1.

[0064] S3: Real-time monitoring of settlement data at monitoring points is achieved through multiple monitoring point containers of the hydrostatic instrument 1. Combined with settlement data from the location of GNSS monitoring system component 12, data calculation and processing are performed to obtain settlement data for different monitoring points. The data is then transmitted to the benchmark observation station 4 for processing, analysis, and display, thereby enabling intuitive display of settlement data at each monitoring point.

[0065] Specifically, the GNSS monitoring system component 12 enables the setting of benchmark points in the field environment. Through the distribution of the hydrostatic level 1, multiple monitoring points can be monitored in real time and accurately. The data is then collected and transmitted to the benchmark observation station 4 for processing, analysis, and display, which helps to realize the 3D GIS function of the device.

[0066] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An automatic settlement monitoring device for railway bridges and tunnels based on 3DGIS, comprising a benchmark observation station (4), a GNSS monitoring system component (12), and a static level (1), characterized in that, The reference point observation station (4) is communicatively connected to the GNSS monitoring system component (12). A base (2) is provided on the lower side of the reference point container of the hydrostatic instrument (1). A support rod (3) is fixedly connected to the upper side of the base (2). A connecting rod (7) is rotatably connected to the upper end of the support rod (3). A photovoltaic panel (8) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the connecting rod (7). A box (11) is provided on the outer wall of the upper end of the support rod (3). The GNSS monitoring system component (12) is equipped with... The GNSS monitoring system component (12) is placed inside the housing (11), which is equipped with a dual-axis motor (13). The upper output end of the dual-axis motor (13) is fixedly equipped with a cleaning mechanism (9) and a light-following rotation mechanism (6). One side of the light-following rotation mechanism (6) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the connecting rod (7), and one side of the cleaning mechanism (9) is set on the outer wall of the photovoltaic panel (8). The GNSS monitoring system component (12) is electrically connected to the dual-axis motor (13) and the photovoltaic panel (8).

2. The automatic monitoring device for railway bridge and tunnel settlement based on 3DGIS according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light-following rotation mechanism (6) includes a spring mechanism (60) and a rotation component (61). The lower side of the spring mechanism (60) is disposed on the upper side of the housing (11), and one side of the rotation component (61) is disposed on one side of the spring mechanism (60). The upper output end of the dual-axis motor (13) is fixedly disposed on the lower side of the rotation component (61), and one side of the rotation component (61) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the connecting rod (7).

3. The automatic monitoring device for railway bridge and tunnel settlement based on 3DGIS according to claim 2, characterized in that, The rotating assembly (61) includes a gearbox (613), one side of which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing (11). A gear four (615) is fixedly installed on the lower side of the gearbox (613). The tooth end of the gear four (615) is meshed with a gear three (614). The lower side of the gear three (614) is fixedly connected to the upper output end of the dual-shaft motor (13). A one-way clutch gear (612) is fixedly installed on the upper side of the gearbox (613). A gear one (610) and a gear two (611) are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the connecting rod (7). The tooth end of the gear one (610) is meshed with the tooth end of the one-way clutch gear (612). The tooth end of the gear two (611) is meshed with one side of the spring mechanism one (60).

4. The automatic monitoring device for railway bridge and tunnel settlement based on 3DGIS according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cleaning mechanism (9) includes a second spring mechanism (90), one side of which is disposed on one side of the photovoltaic panel (8). A fastening rope is fixedly connected to one side of the second spring mechanism (90). One end of the fastening rope on one side of the second spring mechanism (90) is fixedly connected to one side of the cleaning component (91). One side of the cleaning component (91) is slidably connected to the outer wall of the photovoltaic panel (8). The lower side of the cleaning component (91) is fixedly connected to one side of the reciprocating component (92). The reciprocating component (92) is disposed inside the support rod (3). The other side of the reciprocating component (92) is fixedly disposed on the upper output end of the dual-axis motor (13).

5. The automatic monitoring device for railway bridge and tunnel settlement based on 3DGIS according to claim 4, characterized in that, The cleaning component (91) includes a cleaning brush (910). One end of the fastening rope of the second spring mechanism (90) is fixedly connected to one side of the cleaning brush (910). The photovoltaic panel (8) has a sliding groove (911) on both sides. The inner wall of the sliding groove (911) is slidably connected to the outer walls of both ends of the cleaning brush (910). The lower side of the cleaning brush (910) is in contact with the upper surface of the photovoltaic panel (8). A sliding rope (912) is fixedly connected to the side of the cleaning brush (910) away from the second spring mechanism (90). A sliding tube (914) is provided on the outer wall of the sliding rope (912). One end of the outer wall of the sliding tube (914) is in contact with the other side of the photovoltaic panel (8). The other end of the outer wall of the sliding tube (914) passes through the outer wall of the connecting rod (7). The lower end of the sliding rope (912) is fixedly connected to one side of the reciprocating component (92).

6. The automatic monitoring device for railway bridge and tunnel settlement based on 3DGIS according to claim 5, characterized in that, The reciprocating assembly (92) includes a belt (920), with pulleys (921) connected to the inner walls of both ends of the belt (920). One side of the pulley (921) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the support rod (3). The lower end of the sliding rope (912) is fixedly connected to a connector (922), and one side of the connector (922) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the belt (920). One side of the outer wall of one of the pulleys (921) passes through the outer wall of the support rod (3). One side of the pulley (921) is fixedly connected to a clutch (923). The side of the clutch (923) away from the pulley (921) is fixedly connected to a first bevel gear (924). The outer wall of the upper output end of the dual-shaft motor (13) is fixedly connected to a second bevel gear (925), and the teeth of the second bevel gear (925) mesh with the teeth of the first bevel gear (924).

7. The automatic monitoring device for railway bridge and tunnel settlement based on 3DGIS according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower output end of the dual-axis motor (13) is fixedly provided with heat dissipation blades (14), and the lower side of the housing (11) is provided with through holes that match the heat dissipation blades (14). The side of the housing (11) away from the support rod (3) is provided with a door (5).

8. The automatic monitoring device for railway bridge and tunnel settlement based on 3DGIS according to claim 2, characterized in that, The outer wall of the support rod (3) is fixedly connected to the support plate (10), and one side of the spring mechanism (60) and the box (11) are both fixedly connected to one side of the support plate (10).

9. The automatic monitoring device for railway bridge and tunnel settlement based on 3DGIS according to claim 6, characterized in that, A roller (913) is rotatably connected to the other side of the photovoltaic panel (8), and the outer wall of the roller (913) is in contact with the outer wall of the sliding rope (912).

10. An automatic monitoring method for railway bridge and tunnel settlement based on 3DGIS, characterized in that, The method for an automatic monitoring device for railway bridge and tunnel settlement based on 3DGIS as described in any one of claims 1-9 includes the following steps: S1: Set up a benchmark observation station (4) on a stable foundation as an initial benchmark point. Set up a GNSS monitoring system component (12) at the monitoring site and provide support for the GNSS monitoring system component (12) through a base (2) and a support rod (3). Set up a benchmark container for a hydrostatic instrument (1) on the base (2). Set up multiple monitoring point containers for hydrostatic instruments (1) at the settlement points that need to be monitored. The hydrostatic instrument (1) communicates with the benchmark observation station (4) through the GNSS monitoring system component (12). S2: By connecting the GNSS monitoring system component (12) and the satellite, the three-dimensional coordinate data of the location of the GNSS monitoring system component (12) is obtained. By connecting the reference point observation station (4) and the satellite, the three-dimensional coordinate data of the location of the reference point observation station (4) is obtained. By comparing the data of the two locations, the settlement data of the location of the GNSS monitoring system component (12) is obtained, thereby providing accurate three-dimensional coordinate data for the reference point container of the hydrostatic instrument (1). S3: Real-time monitoring of settlement data at monitoring points is achieved through multiple monitoring point containers of the hydrostatic instrument (1), and settlement data at the location of the GNSS monitoring system component (12) is combined with the data calculation and processing to obtain settlement data at different monitoring points. The data is then transmitted to the benchmark observation station (4) for processing, analysis and display, thereby realizing the intuitive display of settlement data at each monitoring point.

Images