Transformer partial discharge on-line monitoring equipment

Abstract

The invention provides transformer partial discharge on-line monitoring equipment, and belongs to the technical field of discharge monitoring, the transformer partial discharge on-line monitoring equipment comprises a transformer body and a coil winding arranged in the transformer body, and the transformer partial discharge on-line monitoring equipment further comprises a cleaning detection assembly and an opening and closing avoiding assembly; four-axis synchronous lifting is combined with 360-degree rotation of the detection gear ring, full-axial and full-circumferential dead-corner-free monitoring of the insulating layer is achieved, a fixed position blind area is eliminated, and detection comprehensiveness is ensured. The transmission wheel drives the bristles to perform multi-direction wiping of revolution and rotation, so that surface impurities are thoroughly cleaned, interference to discharge signals is reduced, and the signal capture precision of a detection element is remarkably improved; the separating and combining avoiding assembly drives a movable plate to be separated through a reverse thread, so that a coil winding is completely exposed, the maintenance efficiency is greatly improved, the split type detection gear ring does not interfere with an iron core column after being split and is matched with a three-phase transformer structure, the space conflict between an iron core and a detection mechanism is solved, the detection function and maintenance convenience are both considered, the overall adaptability is high, and the maintenance cost is low. And detection is accurate and reliable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of discharge monitoring technology, and more specifically, to an online monitoring device for partial discharge in transformers. Background Technology

[0002] As a power device that transforms AC voltage based on the principle of electromagnetic induction, a transformer's main components include a primary coil, a secondary coil, and an iron core. It possesses core functions such as voltage transformation, current transformation, impedance transformation, electrical isolation, and voltage stabilization. During transformer operation, uneven electric field distribution can create concentrated electric fields in localized areas. When the electric field strength exceeds the insulation medium's withstand threshold, it can trigger a localized, non-penetrating discharge phenomenon (i.e., partial discharge). Although this discharge does not immediately cause insulation system breakdown, its long-term persistence gradually degrades the insulation material's performance, leading to a continuous expansion of the discharge range. Ultimately, this can cause damage to the insulation structure, resulting in transformer failure and severely impacting the stable operation of the power system. Therefore, effectively monitoring the transformer's operating status and ensuring its reliable operation is a crucial aspect of power system maintenance.

[0003] Patent application CN118980035B discloses a transformer partial discharge measuring device, belonging to the field of discharge monitoring technology. A sliding plate is slidably mounted on the bottom inner wall of the main housing, and a detection mechanism coaxially aligned with the insulating equipment is provided on the top inner wall of the main housing. A rotating frame, cooperating with the traveling gear ring, is rotatably mounted in the middle of the traveling gear ring. A T-slot communicating with a recess is opened at the bottom of the rotating frame. A sliding arm is slidably mounted in the T-slot, and a linkage gear meshing with the traveling gear ring is rotatably mounted in the recess. A meshing frame cooperating with a swing arm is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the sliding arm. Multiple sets of arc plates are fixedly mounted on the outer side of the meshing frame, and multiple sets of detection elements for inspecting the insulating equipment are mounted on the inner side of the arc plates. When the traveling motor drives the rotating frame to rotate, the sliding arm and meshing frame reciprocate relative to the T-slot under the meshing of the traveling gear ring and the linkage gear. This ingenious and effective design reduces detection blind spots and improves the stability and practicality of the partial discharge measuring device.

[0004] While the aforementioned patent solves the problem of the degree of freedom of the monitoring device, it is not applicable to traditional three-phase transformers. The core of a three-phase transformer consists of three core columns and upper and lower yokes (the yokes are horizontally connected to the core columns to form a closed magnetic circuit). The detection mechanism (arc plate, meshing frame) of this patent needs to rotate around the insulation equipment, and the upper and lower yokes will directly block the reciprocating motion trajectory of the sliding arm, causing the rotating frame to be unable to rotate in the area near the yoke, forming a detection blind zone at the winding end, and making it impossible to achieve full-circuit monitoring.

[0005] How to invent an online monitoring device for transformer partial discharge to solve these problems has become an urgent issue for those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To overcome the above deficiencies, the present invention provides an online monitoring device for transformer partial rupture, which aims to solve the problems mentioned in the background.

[0007] This invention is implemented as follows: This invention provides a transformer partial discharge online monitoring device, including a transformer body and a coil winding disposed within the transformer body, wherein an insulating layer is disposed on the outside of the coil winding, and further comprising: Cleaning and detection components: The cleaning and detection components are located inside and at the bottom of the transformer body; Separation and Collision Avoidance Component: The separation and collision avoidance component is disposed on the cleaning and detection component.

[0008] Preferably, the cleaning and detection assembly includes a limiting frame, a four-axis synchronous lifting mechanism, a second lead screw, a composite plate, and a second motor. A limiting groove, matching the shape of the limiting frame, is provided on the inner wall of the transformer body at a position corresponding to the limiting frame. The limiting frame is embedded in the limiting groove to form a sliding fit. The second lead screw is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the transformer body. The four-axis synchronous lifting mechanism is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the transformer body, and its four output ends are respectively connected to four second lead screws in a one-to-one drive transmission connection. Each second lead screw forms a threaded transmission fit with the corresponding limiting frame. The outer circumferential thread of the second lead screw meshes with the inner ring thread of the limiting frame. When the second lead screw is driven to rotate by the four-axis synchronous lifting mechanism, the limiting frame moves linearly up and down along the axial direction of the second lead screw.

[0009] Preferably, the plywood component is located within the limiting frame.

[0010] Preferably, the composite plate is composed of a first movable plate and a second movable plate. Both the first and second movable plates are equipped with cover plates on their upper sides to limit the tops of the first and second movable plates. The composite plate has an internal receiving cavity, in which three detection gear rings and two gears are rotatably mounted. The two gears pass through the gaps between the three detection gear rings, and each gear is meshed with the adjacent detection gear ring. The second motor is fixedly mounted on the lower side of the first movable plate, and the output end of the second motor is fixedly connected to the shaft of one of the gears.

[0011] Preferably, the detection toothed ring is coaxially arranged with the coil winding, the inside of the detection toothed ring is provided with a plurality of mounting cavities, the end of the mounting cavity penetrates the inner sidewall of the detection toothed ring, a roller is rotatably arranged inside the mounting cavity, bristles are provided on the outside of the roller, a transmission wheel is fixedly connected to the upper end of the roller shaft, and a plurality of detection elements are installed on the inner side of the detection toothed ring facing the corresponding insulation layer.

[0012] Preferably, when movable plate one and movable plate two are docked, the ends of the bristles abut against the surface of the insulating layer, the cover plate has a groove that matches the movement trajectory of the transmission wheel, the end face of the transmission wheel abuts against the inner wall of the groove, there is a gap between the detection element and the outer wall of the insulating layer, and when movable plate one and movable plate two are docked, the gap at the docking point of the two cover plates is smaller than the diameter of the transmission wheel.

[0013] Preferably, the separation and avoidance assembly includes a motor, a lead screw, and a guide rod. The motor is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the limiting frame. The lead screw and the guide rod are both installed on the limiting frame. The lead screw is rotatably connected to the limiting frame. The end of the lead screw is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor. The movable plate and the movable plate are slidably sleeved on the outside of the guide rod. The limiting frame has a groove for sliding of the plate. With the central axis of the insulating layer as the center of symmetry, the lead screw has two sets of threaded segments symmetrically distributed, and the two sets of threaded segments have opposite directions of rotation. The movable plate forms a threaded engagement connection with one set of threaded segments, and the movable plate forms a threaded engagement connection with the other set of threaded segments.

[0014] Preferably, the detection gear ring is composed of a first half-gear ring and a second half-gear ring joined together. The end of the second half-gear ring is provided with a ball, and the end of the first half-gear ring is provided with a ball groove that matches the ball. The detection element is installed on the inner sidewall of the second half-gear ring, and the mounting cavity is opened inside the first half-gear ring.

[0015] Preferably, when the first movable plate and the second movable plate separate, the joint of the first half-tooth ring and the second half-tooth ring corresponds to the docking position of the first movable plate and the second movable plate. After the first movable plate and the second movable plate separate, the distance between the first movable plate and the second movable plate is greater than the width of the coil winding.

[0016] Preferably, the cavity has a slot, and the bottom of both the first and second half-tooth rings has a retaining ring, which is configured to cooperate with the slot.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. The four-axis synchronous lifting mechanism is activated, and the limit frame is driven to move smoothly up and down along the limit groove of the transformer body through the synchronous rotation of four lead screws, which in turn drives the composite plate to move up and down synchronously, achieving full axial coverage of the insulation layer. Through segmented monitoring, blind spots of fixed position detection are eliminated, ensuring that the entire process from top to bottom can be effectively monitored. The motor drives the gear to rotate, and through the meshing transmission between the gear and the detection gear ring, the detection gear ring is driven to rotate synchronously around the coil winding axis. The detection element inside the detection gear ring moves in a circle with the gear ring, performing a 360-degree circumferential scan of the insulation layer surface, collecting partial discharge signals in real time, and detecting the damage to the insulation layer surface.

[0018] 2. When the detection gear ring rotates, the transmission wheel undergoes a dual motion of revolution and rotation, driving the roller to rotate synchronously. This causes the bristles to rotate while cleaning along the circumference of the insulation layer, creating a multi-directional wiping effect. This effectively removes dust, oil, and other impurities adhering to the surface in real time, preventing impurities from absorbing or reflecting the discharge signal. Compared to simple circumferential sliding cleaning, this is more thorough, further reducing interference from impurities on the detection signal and indirectly improving the signal capture accuracy of the detection element, ensuring the accuracy of the signal acquired by the detection element.

[0019] 3. The split-and-joint avoidance component enables the cleaning and detection component to switch between two states: maintenance avoidance and detection work. During the separation process, the motor starts and drives the lead screw to rotate, causing the movable plate one and movable plate two to slide in opposite directions along the guide rod and separate synchronously. This causes the half-tooth ring one and half-tooth ring two to split synchronously, and the detection tooth ring decomposes into two independent half-rings. The movable plate one and movable plate two continue to separate until the gap is greater than the width of the coil winding. At this time, the coil winding is completely exposed to the open space, making room for maintenance operations and preventing the detection component from becoming a maintenance obstacle, which greatly improves maintenance efficiency and convenience. The split detection tooth ring can be separated with the movable plate, forming an open space with the iron core column of the three-phase transformer. It can be connected to form a ring during detection and split to avoid interference during maintenance. It does not interfere with the iron core column and can cover the entire circumference of each phase winding, fundamentally solving the spatial conflict between the iron core structure and the detection mechanism. It has wider applicability and is more in line with actual application scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the transformer body structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the four-axis synchronous lifting mechanism of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the transformer body of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a top view of the working structure of the separation and avoidance component of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cleaning and detection component of the present invention during operation; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the separation and retraction avoidance component of the present invention during operation; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the limiting frame of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting position structure of the second motor of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the detection gear ring structure of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a partial explosion structure of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the composite plate component of the present invention; Figure 12 The present invention Figure 11 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle.

[0022] In the diagram: 1. Transformer body; 2. Insulation layer; 3. Limiting frame; 4. Four-axis synchronous lifting mechanism; 5. Movable plate one; 6. Detection gear ring; 7. Motor two; 8. Roller; 9. Transmission wheel; 11. Limiting groove; 30. Slide groove; 31. Motor one; 32. Lead screw one; 33. Guide rod; 41. Lead screw two; 50. Receiving cavity; 51. Movable plate two; 52. Cover plate; 60. Half gear ring one; 61. Half gear ring two; 62. Gear; 63. Snap ring; 80. Mounting cavity; 81. Brush bristles; 501. Snap groove; 611. Detection element; 612. Sphere. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] Example 1, refer to Figures 1-12 A transformer partial discharge online monitoring device includes a transformer body 1 and a coil winding disposed within the transformer body 1, wherein an insulating layer 2 is disposed outside the coil winding, and further includes: Cleaning and detection components: The cleaning and detection components are located inside and at the bottom of the transformer body 1; Separation and Collision Avoidance Component: The separation and collision avoidance component is set on the cleaning and detection component.

[0025] Furthermore, the cleaning and inspection components include a limit frame 3, a four-axis synchronous lifting mechanism 4, a second lead screw 41, a composite plate, and a second motor 7. A limit groove 11, matching the shape of the limit frame 3, is provided on the inner wall of the transformer body 1 at a position corresponding to the limit frame 3. The limit frame 3 is embedded in the limit groove 11 to form a sliding fit. The second lead screw 41 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the transformer body 1. The four-axis synchronous lifting mechanism 4 is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the transformer body 1, and its four output ends are respectively connected to the four second lead screws 41 in a one-to-one drive transmission connection. Each lead screw 41 is threadedly driven to engage with the corresponding limiting frame 3. The outer thread of the lead screw 41 meshes with the inner thread of the limiting frame 3. When the lead screw 41 is driven to rotate by the four-axis synchronous lifting mechanism 4, the limiting frame 3 moves linearly up and down along the axis of the lead screw 41. The assembly plate is located inside the limiting frame 3. When the limiting frame 3 moves, the assembly plate will rise and fall together with the limiting frame 3. By lifting and lowering, the entire axial range of the coil winding insulation layer 2 is covered, achieving comprehensive monitoring from top to bottom and avoiding blind spots caused by fixed positions.

[0026] The composite plate assembly consists of a first movable plate 5 and a second movable plate 51. Both the first movable plate 5 and the second movable plate 51 are equipped with cover plates 52 on their upper sides to limit the top of the first movable plate 5 and the second movable plate 51. The composite plate assembly has a receiving cavity 50 inside, in which three detection gear rings 6 and two gears 62 are rotatably installed. The two gears 62 pass through the gaps between the three detection gear rings 6, and each gear 62 is meshed with the adjacent detection gear ring 6. The second motor 7 is fixedly installed on the lower side of the first movable plate 5. The output end of the second motor 7 is fixedly connected to the shaft of one of the gears 62. When the second motor 7 is started, it will drive the three detection gear rings 6 to rotate synchronously through the gears 62.

[0027] Furthermore, the detection gear ring 6 is coaxially arranged with the coil winding. The inside of the detection gear ring 6 is provided with several mounting cavities 80. The end of the mounting cavity 80 penetrates the inner sidewall of the detection gear ring 6. A roller 8 is rotatably arranged inside the mounting cavity 80. Brushes 81 are provided on the outside of the roller 8. The brushes 81 are made of soft nylon material, which fits the surface of the insulation layer 2 without damaging its structure. A transmission wheel 9 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the shaft of the roller 8. Several detection elements 611 are installed on the inner side of the detection gear ring 6 corresponding to the insulation layer 2. When the detection gear ring 6 rotates, the detection elements 611 rotate synchronously. With the lifting and lowering of the limit frame 3, through multi-dimensional detection of electrical signals and physical signals, it can accurately capture the partial discharge hazard of the insulation layer 2 and intuitively identify surface damage, thus meeting the detection requirements.

[0028] The detection element 611 must simultaneously fulfill the dual functions of partial discharge signal capture and insulation layer 2 damage detection. This solution uses a combination of ultra-high frequency (UHF) sensors, ultrasonic sensors (alternating with UHF sensors), and laser displacement sensors (1-2, symmetrically arranged). The UHF sensors capture the high-frequency electromagnetic waves radiated during partial discharge in the insulation layer 2, accurately locating the discharge point and identifying latent defects such as internal air gaps and surface discharges. The ultrasonic sensors detect the 20kHz-200kHz mechanical vibration waves accompanying the partial discharge, judging the discharge intensity by the sound wave intensity, forming an electromagnetic-mechanical dual verification with the UHF signal, avoiding false alarms from a single electromagnetic signal. External radio interference; the laser displacement sensor emits a laser beam to the surface of insulation layer 2, measures the distance change by reflecting the light, and identifies physical damage to the surface (such as cracks, bulges, and dents). Abnormal undulations will appear at the damaged area. When abnormal undulations are detected (far exceeding the flatness error of normal insulation layer 2), it is directly marked as physical damage. If UHF / ultrasonic signals are detected at the physical damage area at the same time, it means that the damage has caused partial discharge, which should be given priority warning (such as surface discharge caused by penetrating cracks). If there is only physical damage without partial discharge signal, it means that the damage has not yet caused insulation failure, but it should be recorded as a potential risk (such as surface dents caused by mechanical collision, which may gradually develop into weak points in insulation).

[0029] It should be noted that when the movable plate 1 5 and the movable plate 2 51 are connected, the ends of the brush bristles 81 abut against the surface of the insulation layer 2. This ensures that the brush bristles 81 can thoroughly clean the dust, oil, and other adhering substances on the surface of the insulation layer 2 during the rotation of the detection gear ring 6. If these impurities remain, they may absorb or reflect partial discharge signals (such as ultrasonic waves or electromagnetic waves), interfering with the signal acquisition accuracy of the detection element 611. Therefore, real-time cleaning is the basis for ensuring detection accuracy. The cover plate 52 has a slot that matches the movement trajectory of the transmission wheel 9. The end face of the transmission wheel 9 abuts against the inner wall of the slot. When the detection gear ring 6 rotates, the transmission wheel 9 makes a circular motion (revolution) with the detection gear ring 6. At the same time, it rotates due to the friction with the inner wall of the slot of the cover plate 52. This dual motion of revolution and rotation drives the roller 8 synchronously. The rotation causes the bristles 81 to rotate while cleaning along the circumference of the insulating layer 2, creating a multi-directional wiping effect. This is more thorough than simple circumferential sliding cleaning, further reducing interference from impurities on the detection signal and indirectly improving the signal capture accuracy of the detection element 611. There is a gap between the detection element 611 and the outer wall of the insulating layer 2, which avoids wear of the insulating layer 2 or damage to the sensor caused by direct friction between the sensor and the insulating layer 2, thus balancing the detection function and the safety of the insulating layer 2. When the movable plate 1 5 and the movable plate 2 51 are connected, the gap at the connection point of the two cover plates 52 is smaller than the diameter of the transmission wheel 9, which can effectively prevent the transmission wheel 9 from getting stuck in the gap during revolution, ensuring its smooth movement and avoiding cleaning interruptions or detection gear ring 6 rotation failures caused by mechanical jamming, thus ensuring stable operation of the equipment.

[0030] In this embodiment, when partial discharge detection is performed on the insulation layer 2 of the transformer coil winding, the four-axis synchronous lifting mechanism 4 is activated. Through the synchronous rotation of the four lead screws 41, the limiting frame 3 is driven to rise and fall smoothly along the limiting groove 11 of the transformer body 1, thereby driving the composite plate to rise and fall synchronously, achieving full axial coverage of the insulation layer 2. Through segmented monitoring, it is ensured that monitoring can be carried out from top to bottom, eliminating the blind spots of fixed position detection.

[0031] After moving to the designated height, motor 2 7 drives the gear 62 connected to it to rotate. Through the meshing transmission between gear 62 and detection gear ring 6, the three detection gear rings 6 are driven to rotate synchronously around the coil winding axis. At this time, the detection element 611 (such as UHF sensor, ultrasonic sensor, etc.) inside the detection gear ring 6 moves in a circle with the gear ring, performing a 360° circumferential scan of the surface of the insulation layer 2, collecting partial discharge signals in real time, and detecting the damage to the surface of the insulation layer 2. Since the detection element 611 maintains a stable gap with the insulation layer 2, damage to the insulation layer 2 caused by contact detection can be avoided, while ensuring the consistency of signal acquisition.

[0032] When the detection gear ring 6 rotates, the transmission wheel 9 moves in a circular motion (revolution) with the detection gear ring 6. At the same time, it rotates due to the friction with the inner wall of the groove of the cover plate 52. This dual motion of revolution and rotation drives the roller 8 to rotate synchronously, so that the bristles 81 rotate while cleaning along the circumference of the insulating layer 2, forming a multi-directional wiping effect. This can clean the dust, oil and other impurities attached to the surface in real time, avoiding the absorption or reflection of the discharge signal by impurities. Compared with simple circumferential sliding cleaning, it is more thorough, further reducing the interference of impurities on the detection signal, indirectly improving the signal capture accuracy of the detection element 611, and ensuring the accuracy of the signal collected by the detection element 611.

[0033] Repeat the above lifting-detection-cleaning process until the insulation layer 2 is covered along its entire axial direction, generating a complete detection report (including partial discharge location, intensity, and damage distribution). The assembled plate formed by the docking of movable plate 1 5 and movable plate 2 51, with the top limited by cover plate 52, and in conjunction with the meshing structure of detection gear ring 6 and gear 62 in the receiving cavity 50, realizes the integrated function of lifting adjustment, surrounding detection, and synchronous cleaning. It takes into account the comprehensiveness of detection, the reliability of signal, and the protection of insulation layer 2 in a compact space, providing an efficient and stable solution for transformer partial discharge online monitoring.

[0034] Example 2, refer to Figures 4-12The core objective of the separation and retraction avoidance assembly is to enable the cleaning and detection components (such as the mating plate and the detection gear ring 6) to quickly separate when maintenance is required on the coil winding or insulation layer 2 (e.g., replacing the insulation layer 2 or overhauling the winding), freeing up sufficient operating space. After maintenance, the components can be precisely reconnected to restore the detection function. The separation and retraction avoidance assembly includes a motor 31, a lead screw 32, and a guide rod 33. The motor 31 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the limiting frame 3. The lead screw 32 and the guide rod 33 are both installed on the limiting frame 3. The lead screw 32 is rotatably connected to the limiting frame 3. The end of the lead screw 32 is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor 31. The movable plate 5 and the movable plate 2 51 are slidably sleeved on the outside of the guide rod 33. The guide rod 33 restricts the movable plate from moving with the lead screw 31. The rotational freedom is limited to axial linear motion, ensuring a stable separation and engagement trajectory (without radial wobble), laying the foundation for subsequent testing of the precise docking of the gear ring 6. The limiting frame 3 has a sliding groove 30 for the sliding of the mating plates. With the central axis of the insulation layer 2 as the center of symmetry, two sets of threaded segments are symmetrically distributed on the lead screw 32, and the two sets of threaded segments rotate in opposite directions. Among them, the movable plate 5 forms a threaded engagement connection with one set of threaded segments, and the movable plate 51 forms a threaded engagement connection with the other set of threaded segments. When the motor 31 drives the lead screw 32 to rotate, the movable plate 5 and the movable plate 51 will move synchronously in opposite directions along the guide rod 33 (moving away from each other when separating and moving closer to each other when docking), ensuring the symmetry of the separation and engagement process and avoiding structural jamming caused by unilateral offset.

[0035] Furthermore, the detection gear ring 6 is composed of a first gear ring 60 and a second gear ring 61 joined together. The end of the second gear ring 61 is provided with a ball 612, and the end of the first gear ring 60 is provided with a ball groove that matches the ball 612. The detection element 611 is mounted on the inner wall of the second gear ring 61, and the mounting cavity 80 is opened inside the first gear ring 60; during separation (refer to...) Figure 6 ): Movable plate 5 and movable plate 51 move away from each other. Half-tooth ring 60 moves with movable plate 5, and half-tooth ring 61 moves with movable plate 51. The two separate along the joint (the joint corresponds to the docking position of the movable plate), forming an open space; during docking (refer to...). Figure 5 The sphere 612 of the second half-tooth ring 61 is embedded in the spherical groove of the first half-tooth ring 60. The concentricity is automatically calibrated through spherical mating to ensure that the detection tooth ring 6 and the coil winding remain coaxial after docking, thus avoiding uneven gap between the detection element 611 and the insulation layer 2 due to eccentricity.

[0036] The cavity 50 has a slot 501 inside. The bottom of the first half gear ring 60 and the second half gear ring 61 are provided with retaining rings 63. The retaining rings 63 are configured to cooperate with the slot 501. The retaining rings 63 at the bottom of the half gear rings are embedded in the slot 501 of the cavity 50, which not only fixes the radial position of the gear rings (to prevent shaking during rotation) but also does not affect their circumferential rotation (to meet the circumferential requirements during testing), ensuring that the gear rings rotate smoothly after docking.

[0037] It should be noted that when movable plate 5 separates from movable plate 2, the joint of half-tooth ring 60 and half-tooth ring 61 corresponds to the docking position of movable plate 5 and movable plate 2. After movable plate 5 separates from movable plate 2, the distance between movable plate 5 and movable plate 2 is greater than the width of the coil winding (refer to...). Figure 4 This ensures that after separation, the coil windings are fully exposed in the open space, allowing the top cover of the transformer body 1 to be opened directly. Maintenance personnel or automated equipment can replace the insulation layer 2 and inspect the windings (such as removing impurities and testing the winding insulation resistance) without any obstacles, thus avoiding the testing components becoming an obstacle to maintenance.

[0038] In this embodiment, the split-and-join avoidance component enables the cleaning and detection component to switch between two states: maintenance avoidance and detection operation. The specific process is as follows: During the separation process (maintenance mode switching), when maintenance is required on the coil winding or insulation layer 2, the system triggers the separation and avoidance program. Motor 1 31 starts, and its output directly drives the lead screw 1 32 to rotate around its own axis. The lead screw 1 32 has two sets of threaded segments with opposite directions of rotation, with the central axis of insulation layer 2 as the center of symmetry. Movable plate 1 5 meshes with the left threaded segment, and movable plate 2 51 meshes with the right threaded segment. When the lead screw 1 32 rotates, the two sets of threaded segments generate opposite axial forces on the movable plates, forcing movable plate 1 5 and movable plate 2 51 to slide synchronously in opposite directions along the guide rod 33 (the guide rod 33 restricts the rotation of the movable plates, retaining only the linear motion degree of freedom), and smoothly separate along the slide groove 30 of the limit frame 3.

[0039] Since the first half-tooth ring 60 is fixed in the receiving cavity 50 of the first movable plate 5, and the second half-tooth ring 61 is fixed in the receiving cavity 50 of the second movable plate 51, and the joint of the two corresponds to the docking position of the movable plate, when the movable plate separates, it will drive the first half-tooth ring 60 and the second half-tooth ring 61 to separate synchronously. The ball 612 of the second half-tooth ring 61 will detach from the ball groove of the first half-tooth ring 60. The detection tooth ring 6 will be decomposed from a complete circular ring into two independent half-rings. The first movable plate 5 and the second movable plate 51 will continue to separate until the distance between the two is greater than the width of the coil winding. At this time, the coil winding is completely exposed to the open space, making room for maintenance operations, avoiding the detection component from becoming a maintenance obstacle, and greatly improving maintenance efficiency and convenience.

[0040] During the docking process (detection mode recovery), after maintenance, the system starts the reset procedure. The components restore the detection state according to the reverse logic. Motor 1 31 reverses, and lead screw 1 32 rotates in the opposite direction. Through the reverse thread section, movable plate 1 5 and movable plate 2 51 move synchronously towards each other along guide rod 33, gradually approaching each other. When the movable plates dock, the ball 612 of half-gear ring 2 61 gradually embeds into the ball groove of half-gear ring 1 60. Through the adaptive fit of the spherical surface, the concentricity is automatically calibrated to ensure that the central axis of the detection gear ring 6 is completely coincident with the coil winding after docking. The retaining ring 63 at the bottom of half-gear ring 1 60 and half-gear ring 2 61 is embedded into the retaining groove 501 of the receiving cavity 50, radially fixing the detection gear ring 6 (preventing shaking during rotation) without affecting its circumferential rotation. Movable plate 1 5 and movable plate 2 51 are fully docked, the plate assembly restores its complete structure, and the detection element 611, roller 8 and other components are reset. The circumferential detection + synchronous cleaning function can be restarted.

[0041] After the movable plate is separated, the gap is greater than the width of the coil winding. With the opening of the transformer top cover, maintenance personnel or automated equipment can directly contact the coil winding and insulation layer 2, easily completing operations such as replacing the insulation layer and inspecting the winding. This solves the pain point of traditional fixed detection components blocking the maintenance path. The ball 612-slot fit of the half-tooth ring has self-adjusting capability, which can compensate for installation errors and ensure that the detection tooth ring 6 and the coil winding are coaxial after docking. This avoids uneven gap between the detection element 611 and the insulation layer 2 due to eccentricity, ensuring signal acquisition accuracy. The radial positioning of the retaining ring 63 and the retaining slot 501 can prevent the half-tooth ring from detaching and also avoid signal jitter of the detection element 611 or incomplete cleaning of the brush 81 due to shaking. In the docking state, the splitting and joining components are completely integrated into the detection system without affecting the four-axis synchronous lifting and the rotation of the detection tooth ring 6. In the separated state, the detection element 611 moves safely with the half-tooth ring, avoiding collision and damage with the winding.

[0042] The control method of this invention is automatic control through a controller. The control circuit of the controller can be implemented by simple programming by those skilled in the art. The power supply is also common knowledge in the art. Furthermore, since this invention is mainly used to protect mechanical devices, the control method and circuit connection will not be explained in detail here.

[0043] It should be noted that the specific models and specifications of the detection element 611, the four-axis synchronous lifting mechanism 4, the motor, etc. need to be selected and determined according to the actual specifications of the device. The specific selection calculation method adopts the existing technology in this field, so it will not be described in detail.

[0044] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the invention should be included within the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims

1. A transformer partial discharge online monitoring device, comprising a transformer body (1) and a coil winding disposed within the transformer body (1), wherein an insulating layer (2) is disposed outside the coil winding, characterized in that, Also includes: Cleaning and detection components: The cleaning and detection components are located inside and at the bottom of the transformer body (1); Separation and Collision Avoidance Component: The separation and collision avoidance component is disposed on the cleaning and detection component.

2. The transformer partial discharge online monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cleaning and detection assembly includes a limiting frame (3), a four-axis synchronous lifting mechanism (4), a second lead screw (41), a composite plate, and a second motor (7). The inner wall of the transformer body (1) is provided with a limiting groove (11) that matches the shape of the limiting frame (3). The limiting frame (3) is embedded in the limiting groove (11) to form a sliding fit. The second lead screw (41) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the transformer body (1). The four-axis synchronous lifting mechanism (4) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the transformer body (1). Its four output ends are respectively connected to the four second lead screws (41) to form a one-to-one drive transmission connection. Each second lead screw (41) is connected to the corresponding limiting frame (3) to form a threaded transmission fit. The outer circumferential thread of the second lead screw (41) meshes with the inner ring thread of the limiting frame (3). When the second lead screw (41) is driven to rotate by the four-axis synchronous lifting mechanism (4), the limiting frame (3) moves linearly up and down along the axis of the second lead screw (41).

3. The transformer partial discharge online monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The plywood component is located within the limiting frame (3).

4. The transformer partial discharge online monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The composite plate is composed of a first movable plate (5) and a second movable plate (51). Both the first movable plate (5) and the second movable plate (51) are equipped with cover plates (52) to limit the top of the first movable plate (5) and the second movable plate (51). The composite plate is provided with a receiving cavity (50). Three detection gear rings (6) and two gears (62) are rotatably installed in the receiving cavity (50). The two gears (62) are inserted in the gap between the three detection gear rings (6), and each gear (62) is meshed with the adjacent detection gear ring (6). The second motor (7) is fixedly installed on the lower side of the first movable plate (5). The output end of the second motor (7) is fixedly connected to the shaft of one of the gears (62).

5. The transformer partial discharge online monitoring device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The detection toothed ring (6) is coaxially arranged with the coil winding. The inside of the detection toothed ring (6) is provided with several mounting cavities (80). The end of the mounting cavity (80) penetrates the inner wall of the detection toothed ring (6). A roller (8) is rotatably arranged inside the mounting cavity (80). Brush bristles (81) are provided on the outside of the roller (8). A transmission wheel (9) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the shaft of the roller (8). Several detection elements (611) are installed on the inner side of the detection toothed ring (6) facing the corresponding insulation layer (2).

6. The transformer partial discharge online monitoring device according to claim 5, characterized in that, When movable plate one (5) and movable plate two (51) are connected, the ends of the bristles (81) abut against the surface of the insulating layer (2). The cover plate (52) has a slot that matches the movement trajectory of the transmission wheel (9). The end face of the transmission wheel (9) abuts against the inner wall of the slot. There is a gap between the detection element (611) and the outer wall of the insulating layer (2). When movable plate one (5) and movable plate two (51) are connected, the gap at the connection of the two cover plates (52) is smaller than the diameter of the transmission wheel (9).

7. The transformer partial discharge online monitoring device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The separation and avoidance assembly includes a motor (31), a lead screw (32), and a guide rod (33). The motor (31) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the limiting frame (3). The lead screw (32) and the guide rod (33) are both installed on the limiting frame (3). The lead screw (32) is rotatably connected to the limiting frame (3). The end of the lead screw (32) is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor (31). The movable plate (5) and the movable plate (51) are slidably sleeved on the outside of the guide rod (33). The limiting frame (3) has a sliding groove (30) for sliding of the plate. With the central axis of the insulating layer (2) as the center of symmetry, two sets of threaded segments are symmetrically distributed on the lead screw (32), and the two sets of threaded segments have opposite directions of rotation. The movable plate (5) forms a threaded engagement connection with one set of threaded segments, and the movable plate (51) forms a threaded engagement connection with the other set of threaded segments.

8. The transformer partial discharge online monitoring device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The detection gear ring (6) is composed of a first half gear ring (60) and a second half gear ring (61) joined together. The end of the second half gear ring (61) is provided with a ball (612), and the end of the first half gear ring (60) is provided with a ball groove that matches the ball (612). The detection element (611) is installed on the inner side wall of the second half gear ring (61), and the mounting cavity (80) is opened inside the first half gear ring (60).

9. The transformer partial discharge online monitoring device according to claim 7, characterized in that, When the first movable plate (5) and the second movable plate (51) are separated, the joint of the first half-tooth ring (60) and the second half-tooth ring (61) corresponds to the docking position of the first movable plate (5) and the second movable plate (51). After the first movable plate (5) and the second movable plate (51) are separated, the distance between the first movable plate (5) and the second movable plate (51) is greater than the width of the coil winding.

10. A transformer partial discharge online monitoring device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The cavity (50) has a slot (501) inside, and the bottom of the first half gear ring (60) and the second half gear ring (61) are provided with retaining rings (63), which are configured to cooperate with the slot (501).

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