A multi-path power state monitoring circuit for a laser communication master control system

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of multi-path power state monitoring circuit for laser communication master control system, it includes voltage acquisition module, extension voltage acquisition module, voltage conversion module, extension voltage conversion module, merging module, switching pulse generation module and report output switching module, it can realize to 8-way power supply voltage state real-time monitoring at most simultaneously, and report voltage state by single-ended signal, circuit configuration is simple, power consumption is low, cost is low, accuracy is high, reliability is high.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of satellite communication, in particular to a multi-path power supply state monitoring circuit for a laser communication master control system. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the development of commercial aerospace, laser communication is widely used, and the laser communication master control system plays a crucial role in the laser communication terminal. During on-orbit operation, due to the special space environment, there are many uncertain factors and risks, so the satellite needs to monitor the on-orbit state of the laser communication master control system in real time, and the monitoring of the voltage state of each path is a common way, which can timely discover abnormal state and timely correct, reduce loss and influence;

[0003] The current common technical means is to use an ADC chip to monitor the multi-path voltage. The disadvantage of this is that the interface of the ADC chip is relatively complex and requires more interface resources, making the communication interface between the satellite and the laser communication master control system more complex, and the number of channels collected is limited. When multiple channels need to be collected, multiple ADC chips may be needed, making the interface more complex and the cost higher. Moreover, for scenarios that only monitor the voltage state, the resource utilization of the ADC chip solution is low. SUMMARY

[0004] The problem solved by the present application is to provide a multi-path power supply state monitoring circuit for a laser communication master control system, which can realize real-time monitoring of the voltage state of up to 8 paths of power supply at the same time, and report the voltage state through a single-ended signal. The circuit is simple to configure, low in power consumption, low in cost, high in accuracy and high in reliability.

[0005] The present application provides a multi-path power supply state monitoring circuit for a laser communication master control system, which comprises a voltage acquisition module, an extended voltage acquisition module, a voltage conversion module, an extended voltage conversion module, a merging module, a switching pulse generation module and a reporting output switching module.

[0006] The voltage acquisition module and the extended voltage acquisition module each comprise four paths for acquiring power voltage signals and outputting.

[0007] The input ends of the voltage conversion module and the extended voltage conversion module are respectively connected to the output ends of the voltage acquisition module and the extended voltage acquisition module, and are respectively used for weighted processing of the voltage signals.

[0008] The input ends of the merging module are respectively connected to the output ends of the voltage conversion module and the output ends of the extended voltage conversion module, and are used for merging and outputting the weighted voltage signals.

[0009] The switching pulse generation module is used for sending a pulse signal of a specific period.

[0010] The input end of the reporting output switching module is connected with the output end of the switching pulse generation module, the output end of the merging module and the output end of the extended voltage conversion module respectively, and is used for triggering the voltage of the merging module and the voltage of the extended voltage conversion module to be switched out according to the pulse signal triggering period of the switching pulse generation module.

[0011] Further, the voltage acquisition module and the extended voltage acquisition module are of the same structure.

[0012] Further, the voltage acquisition module and the extended voltage acquisition module respectively include four comparators, and the positive input end of each comparator is connected with an external power voltage signal respectively, and the negative input end of each comparator is connected with a standard reference level.

[0013] Further, the voltage conversion module and the extended voltage conversion module are of the same structure.

[0014] Further, the voltage conversion module and the extended voltage conversion module respectively include an R-2R voltage output type DAC unit and a scaling unit, the R-2R voltage output type DAC unit is used for weighting output of the output signal of the voltage acquisition module or the extended voltage acquisition module, and the weighted output signal is output after being scaled by the scaling unit.

[0015] Further, the R-2R voltage output type DAC unit of the voltage conversion module includes a trapezoidal arranged resistor, an SPDT analog switch U3 and an operational amplifier U7C, one end of the trapezoidal arranged resistor is connected with the positive input end of the operational amplifier U7C, the other end of the trapezoidal arranged resistor is connected with the Dx pin of the SPDT analog switch U3 correspondingly, the SELx pin of the SPDT analog switch U3 is connected with the four voltage output signals of the voltage acquisition module, wherein x is a natural number from 1 to 4, and the trapezoidal arranged resistor is used for weighting and superimposing the four voltage output signals connected with the SPDT analog switch U3, and then the result is output by the operational amplifier U7C.

[0016] Further, the scaling unit includes a non-inverting operational amplifier U1B, and the non-inverting operational amplifier U1B is used for scaling the superimposed output signal to half of the original.

[0017] Further, the merging module includes a non-inverting operational amplifier U1D, the positive input end of the non-inverting operational amplifier U1D is connected with the output end of the voltage conversion module and the output end of the extended voltage conversion module through resistors R33 and R37 respectively, and each voltage signal is merged and output.

[0018] Furthermore, the switching pulse generation module includes an operational amplifier U1A. The positive input terminal of the operational amplifier U1A is connected to a 5V voltage source through a voltage divider resistor R19 and a resistor R21. The positive input terminal of the operational amplifier U1A is also connected to its output terminal through a resistor R20. The inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U1A is connected to a feedback resistor R7 and a capacitor C4, which are used to change the square wave output period.

[0019] Furthermore, the reporting output switching module includes an SPDT analog switch U4. The SEL pin of the SPDT analog switch U4 is connected to the output terminal of the switching pulse generation module. The S2 and S1 pins of the SPDT analog switch U4 are respectively connected to the output terminal of the merging module and the output terminal of the extended voltage conversion module. The output terminal of the SPDT analog switch U4 periodically outputs the merged voltage signal of the merging module and the voltage signal of the extended voltage conversion module according to the pulse period of the switching pulse generation module.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the multi-channel power status monitoring circuit for a laser communication master control system proposed in this invention are:

[0021] By setting up a voltage acquisition module and an extended voltage acquisition module, eight power supply voltage signals can be acquired. The acquired eight power supply voltage signals are weighted and processed by the voltage conversion module and the extended voltage conversion module, and then merged and output by the merging module. The reporting output switching module is connected to the output terminals of the switching pulse generation module, the merging module, and the extended voltage conversion module. According to the pulse signal triggering period of the switching pulse generation module, the voltage signal output of the merging module or the voltage output of the extended voltage conversion module can be realized, thereby realizing real-time monitoring of the voltage status of up to eight power supplies at the same time, and reporting the voltage status through a single-ended signal. The circuit configuration is simple, with low power consumption, low cost, high accuracy, and high reliability. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall circuit structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a circuit schematic diagram of the voltage acquisition module (1) of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 The circuit diagram of the extended voltage acquisition module (2) of the present invention is shown below;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a circuit schematic diagram of the voltage conversion module (3) of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5The circuit diagram of the extended voltage conversion module (4) of the present invention is shown below;

[0027] Figure 6 The circuit schematic diagrams of the merging module (5), the switching pulse generation module (6), and the reporting output switching module (7) of the present invention are shown below.

[0028] Figure 7 The waveform diagram is of the switching pulse generation module (6) of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 The waveform diagrams of the voltage acquisition module (1) and the extended voltage acquisition module (2) under normal conditions of the present invention are shown.

[0030] Figure 9 The waveform diagrams are shown for the normal operation of the voltage acquisition module (1) and the abnormal operation of the extended voltage acquisition module (2) of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 10 The waveforms of the voltage acquisition module (1) under normal conditions (3-channel and 4-channel) and the extended voltage acquisition module (2) under normal conditions (4-channel) are shown below.

[0032] Figure 11 The attached table shows the measured voltage results at various points according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0034] In this specification, identical components are represented by the same reference numerals. It should be noted that the terms "front," "rear," "left," "right," "upper," and "lower" used in the following description refer to directions in the accompanying drawings, while the terms "bottom surface," "top surface," "inner," and "outer" refer to directions towards or away from a specific component, respectively. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this specification, "multiple" means two or more.

[0035] The present application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0036] A multi-channel power status monitoring circuit for a laser communication master control system, such as Figure 1As shown, it includes a voltage acquisition module (1), an extended voltage acquisition module (2), a voltage conversion module (3), an extended voltage conversion module (4), a merging module (5), a switching pulse generation module (6), and a reporting output switching module (7).

[0037] Among them, the voltage acquisition module (1) and the extended voltage acquisition module (2) each include four channels for acquiring and outputting power supply voltage signals;

[0038] The input terminals of the voltage conversion module (3) and the extended voltage conversion module (4) are respectively connected to the output terminals of the voltage acquisition module (1) and the extended voltage acquisition module (2), and are used to perform weighted processing on the voltage signal.

[0039] The input terminal of the merging module (5) is connected to the output terminal of the voltage conversion module (3) and the output terminal of the extended voltage conversion module (4), respectively, and is used to merge and output the weighted voltage signals;

[0040] Among them, the switching pulse generation module (6) is used to send a pulse signal of a specific period;

[0041] The input terminal of the reporting output switching module (7) is connected to the output terminal of the switching pulse generation module (6), the output terminal of the merging module (5), and the output terminal of the extended voltage conversion module (4), respectively. It is used to periodically switch the output of the voltage of the merging module (5) and the voltage of the extended voltage conversion module (4) according to the pulse signal triggering period of the switching pulse generation module (6).

[0042] Specifically, the voltage acquisition module (1) and the extended voltage acquisition module (2) have the same structure. The explanation will focus on the voltage acquisition module (1), as follows: Figure 2 As shown, it includes four comparators U2A, U2B, U2C, and U2D. The positive input terminals of comparators U2A, U2B, U2C, and U2D are connected to the power supply voltage signals VCC_DT1 to VCC_DT4 through four groups of voltage-determining resistors consisting of resistors R14, R15, R28, R29, R38, R39, R43, and R44. The inverting input terminals of the four comparators U2A, U2B, U2C, and U2D are connected to a 5V voltage source through four groups of voltage-determining resistors consisting of resistors R5, R8, R22, R24, R32, R34, R40, and R41.

[0043] The voltage acquisition module (1) described above is mainly used to acquire the voltage status of four monitored power supplies. The power supply voltage used in this module is 5V. The principle is to use a four-channel comparator LM239 (U2A, U2B, U2C, U2D) to fix a standard reference voltage at the negative input terminal of each comparator. In this module, the input standard voltage is fixed at 5 / (10+1.5)×1.5=0.65V by four groups of voltage-adjusting resistors R5, R8 and R22, R24 and R32, R34 and R40, R41. This can cover most of the voltage status acquisition range. The normal range voltage of the four monitored power supplies (VCC_DT1 to VCC_DT4) can be adjusted by adjusting the four groups of voltage-adjusting resistors R14, R15 and R28, R29 and R38, R39 and R43, R44. By adjusting the four groups of voltage-adjusting resistors, the voltage at the positive input terminal of the four comparators can be adjusted to be greater than the preset 0.65V voltage at the negative input terminal.

[0044] Similarly, such as Figure 3 As shown, the extended voltage acquisition module (2) is used to extend the voltage acquisition module (1), so that the number of power supply voltage channels acquired can reach up to 8 bits, which can simultaneously meet the acquisition of the power supply voltage status of 8 channels. The power supply voltage used in the module is 5V. The principle is to use a 4-channel comparator LM239 (U6A, U6B, U6C, U6D). A standard reference voltage is fixed at the negative input terminal of the comparator LM239 (U6A, U6B, U6C, U6D). This module uses four voltage-group resistors R49, R51 and R62, R65 and R69, R70 and R74, R75 to fix the input standard reference voltage at 5 / (10+1.5)×1.5=0.6. 5V, which can cover most of the voltage status acquisition range; the normal range voltage of the four power supplies (VCC_DT5 to VCC_DT8) can be adjusted by adjusting the four sets of voltage-group resistors composed of R57, R58, R67, R68, R72, R73, R77, and R78. By adjusting the four sets of voltage-group resistors, the voltage at the positive input terminal of the input comparator LM239 (U6A, U6B, U6C, U6D) can be adjusted to be greater than the preset voltage of 0.65V at the negative input terminal.

[0045] Specifically, taking one comparator, LM239 (U2A), as an example, its parameters are shown in the attached diagram. A 5V voltage is divided by resistors R5 and R8 to generate a preset reference voltage of 0.65V, which is then input to the negative input terminal of comparator LM239 (U2A) for subsequent comparisons. In this example, the input voltage of the first monitored power supply VCC_DT1 in the preset 4-channel default voltage status acquisition circuit is 12V. This 0.71V voltage, generated by voltage division by resistors R14 and R15, is input to the positive input terminal of comparator LM239 (U2A). The time comparator LM239 (U2A) will output a high level (+5V) under the action of the pull-up resistor R9. When the input voltage of the first channel is lower than 11V, the voltage input to the positive input terminal of LM239 (U2A) after voltage division by the input voltage divider resistor is about 0.64V. At this time, because 0.64V is lower than the preset reference voltage of 0.65V at the negative input terminal, LM239 (U2A) will output a low level (0V). The monitoring principle of each input voltage in the 4-channel voltage acquisition module (1) and the extended voltage acquisition module (2) is the same as above. For the specific preset input voltage in this example, please refer to [link to example]. Figure 2 Based on the above annotations, the comparator can simultaneously monitor the voltage of 8 input power supplies. When the input voltage is higher than the preset voltage, the output of the corresponding channel of the comparator is high. When the input voltage is lower than the preset input voltage and an abnormality occurs, the output of the corresponding channel of the comparator is low.

[0046] like Figure 4 , 5 As shown, the voltage conversion module (3) has the same structure as the extended voltage conversion module (4). Taking the voltage conversion module (3) as an example, it includes an R-2R voltage output type DAC unit (3-2) and a scaling unit (3-1). The R-2R voltage output type DAC unit is used to perform weighted superposition processing on the output signal of the voltage acquisition module and output the result accordingly. Then, the scaling unit (3-1) performs scaling output.

[0047] Specifically, the R-2R voltage output DAC unit (3-2) includes a trapezoidal arrangement of resistors, an SPDT analog switch U3, and a non-inverting operational amplifier U7C. The trapezoidal arrangement of resistors includes R and 2R resistors connected alternately in a trapezoidal shape. One end is connected to the positive input terminal of the non-inverting operational amplifier U7C, and the other end is connected to the Dx pin of the SPDT analog switch U3 (where x is a natural number from 1 to 4). The D4 and D1 pins of the SPDT analog switch U3 correspond to the MSB (most significant bit) and LSB (least significant bit) of the R-2R voltage output DAC unit (3-2), respectively. The SELx pin of the SPDT analog switch U3 (where x is a natural number from 1 to 4) is connected to the four voltage output signals of the voltage acquisition module (1). The four voltage output signals connected to the SPDT analog switch U3 are weighted and superimposed through the trapezoidal arrangement of resistors, and the result is output through the operational amplifier U7C. The scaling unit (3-2) includes an in-phase operational amplifier U1B, which reduces the superimposed output signal to half of its original value.

[0048] The main function of this voltage conversion module (3) is to convert the result of the aforementioned voltage acquisition module (1). This module uses the comparison result generated by the comparator of the front-end voltage acquisition module (1) to control the SPDT analog switch U3, thereby controlling the voltage output of the R-2R voltage output DAC unit (3-2). The voltage output controlled by the D4 and D1 pins of the SPDT analog switch U3 corresponds to the MSB and LSB bits of the corresponding DAC unit, respectively. Different combinations of the comparator output of the front-end voltage acquisition module (1) will control the combination of the SPDT analog switch U3, thereby generating different combinations of converted output voltages. The output voltage is then input to the scaling unit (3-2) to scale the converted voltage result. The purpose of scaling is to reduce the output voltage and facilitate multi-channel expansion. The scaled output voltage is filtered by the RC low-pass filter composed of resistor R3 and capacitor C3 and then output to the subsequent stage.

[0049] The specific principle is as follows: For voltage conversion module (3) and extended voltage conversion module (4) with the same structure, their specific parameters are as follows: Figure 4 , 5As shown, the aforementioned voltage acquisition module (1) and extended voltage acquisition module (2) acquire the power supply voltage. After comparison, the result is input to the corresponding SELx pin (where x is a natural number from 1 to 4) of the integrated 4-channel SPDT analog switch U3 or SPDT analog switch U5 in two states: logic high or logic low. This controls the network of channel Dx pin (where x is a natural number from 1 to 4) to be connected to a low level (0V) or a high level (+5V). For SPDT analog switch U3, the R-2R voltage output type DAC unit can convert the high level (+5V) logic input of SEL4 pin of SPDT analog switch U3 into 1 / 2×5V and superimpose it on the analog voltage output. The high level (+5V) logic input of SEL3 pin is converted into 1 / 4×5V and superimposed on the analog voltage output. The high level (+5V) logic input of SEL2 pin is converted into 1 / 8×5V and superimposed on the analog voltage output. SEL1 pin... The high-level (+5V) logic input is converted into 1 / 16×5V and superimposed on the analog voltage output. That is, pin SEL4 is the MSB bit of the voltage conversion module (3), pin SEL1 is the LSB bit, and the other pins are the middle bits in sequence; the same applies to pins SEL4-SEL1 of the SPDT analog switch U5; in addition, the scaling unit (3-1) or (4-1) is a non-inverting proportional amplifier circuit, and its specific parameters are detailed in the attached figure. The main function of this part in this circuit is to convert the aforementioned weighted output into a higher voltage output. The voltage is reduced by half to correspond to the case where all control input pins SLE1-SEL4 are logic high in the weighted processing above, that is, the weighted output voltage is 5V×(1 / 2+1 / 4+1 / 8+1 / 16)≈4.7V. In this case, the accumulated voltage of the monitored 8-bit input voltage, 4.7V+4.7V=9.4V, will exceed the circuit's operating voltage. Therefore, the non-inverting proportional amplifier circuit, that is, the scaling unit, can reduce the weighted voltage to 0.5 times.

[0050] Specifically, such as Figure 6 As shown, the merging module (5) includes a non-inverting operational amplifier U1D. The positive input terminal of the operational amplifier U1D is connected to the output terminal of the aforementioned voltage conversion module (3) and the output terminal of the extended voltage conversion module (4) through resistors R33 and R37, respectively, and realizes the combined output of the conversion results of the 8 monitored power supply voltage states. Under the maximum output condition (all 8 monitored power supply states are normal), the total voltage will not exceed the maximum output voltage of the adder, 5V. The general-purpose rail-to-rail output operational amplifier LMV324 selected in this module uses a power supply voltage of 5V. Through the design of the peripheral circuit, the two voltages input to the non-inverting input terminal of the front stage can be added in a 1:1 ratio, and after being filtered by the RC filter composed of R35 and C6, the output is sent to the subsequent stage.

[0051] Specifically, such asFigure 6 As shown, the switching pulse generation module (6) includes an operational amplifier U1A. The positive input terminal of the operational amplifier U1A is connected to a 5V voltage source through a voltage divider resistor R19 and a resistor R21. The positive input terminal of the operational amplifier U1A is also connected to its output terminal through a resistor R20. The inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U1A is connected to a feedback resistor R7 and a capacitor C4, which are used to change the square wave output period. The function of this module is to generate a square wave with a high level of 5V and a low level of 0V accounting for 50%, which is used to drive the subsequent reporting output switching module (7) to realize the switching of different output channels of the reporting output switching module (7). According to the configuration of the parameters in the attached figure, it will output a square wave with a period of about 1 second and a duty cycle of 50%. The period can be changed by changing the feedback resistor R7 and the capacitor C4. It can be modified according to the maximum time required for the receiver to identify the output level. For the subsequent modules, the configuration method can be to merge the output results of the module (5) with the output results of the extended voltage conversion module (4). The two voltage outputs are maintained for about 500ms each.

[0052] Specifically, such as Figure 6 As shown, the reporting output switching module (7) includes an SPDT analog switch U4 (TMUX1119DCKR). The power supply used by this module is 5V. The SEL pin of the SPDT analog switch U4 is connected to the output terminal of the switching pulse generation module (6). The S2 and S1 pins of the SPDT analog switch U4 are respectively connected to the output terminal of the aforementioned merging module (5) and the output terminal of the extended voltage conversion module (4). According to the pulse period of the switching pulse generation module (6), the output terminal of the SPDT analog switch U4 periodically switches the merged voltage signal of the output merging module (5) and the voltage signal of the output extended voltage conversion module (4) to realize the reporting of voltage status by a single-ended signal. The switching pulse generation module (6) has a period of 1 second and a duty cycle of 50%. Thus, the output of the switching pulse generation module (6) for 500ms will be maintained as the 8-bit merged voltage reporting result, and the output for 500ms will be maintained as the 4-channel extended voltage conversion reporting result.

[0053] The input receiver receives the output results reported by this circuit as the result of dynamic switching. In this embodiment, the reported results are the voltage status of the 8 monitored combined power supplies for half the time (500ms) and the voltage status of the 4 monitored extended power supplies for the other half of the time (500ms). Therefore, the receiver needs to perform subtraction on the received results to obtain the voltage status of the other 4 monitored power supplies. This way, the voltage status of 8 monitored power supplies can be output through one channel.

[0054] Waveform analysis based on an embodiment of the present invention:

[0055] Figure 7 The waveform of the pulse generated by the switching pulse generation module (6) was recorded.

[0056] CH1: Figure 7 The switching pulse waveform at point TP2.

[0057] Figure 8 The data was recorded under the condition that the input voltages of the four voltage acquisition modules and the four extended voltage acquisition modules were all normal. Figure 11 In the attached table, the first combination (number 1) corresponds to the TP7 output being a combined sample of 4 channels and an extended 4 channels when the pulse is high, and the TP7 output being a sample of the extended 4 channels when the pulse is low.

[0058] CH1: Appendix Figure 8 The switching pulse waveform at point TP2.

[0059] CH2: Appendix Figure 8 The output voltage waveform is reported alternately at TP7 points.

[0060] Figure 9 The data recorded two scenarios: one where all four voltage acquisition modules had normal input voltages, and another where all four extended voltage acquisition modules had abnormal input voltages. Figure 11 The second combination, number 2 in the appendix, corresponds to the TP7 output being the combined voltage of 4 channels and the extended 4 channels when the pulse is high, and the TP7 output being the voltage of the extended 4 channels when the pulse is low.

[0061] CH1: Appendix Figure 9 The switching pulse waveform at point TP2.

[0062] CH2: Appendix Figure 9 The output voltage waveform is reported alternately at TP7 points.

[0063] Appendix Figure 10 The data recorded instances where the voltages of the 3rd and 4th channels of the 4-channel voltage acquisition module were normal, while the voltages of the 1st and 2nd channels were abnormal; and instances where the 4th channel of the 4-channel extended voltage acquisition module was normal, while the input voltages of the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd channels were abnormal. Figure 11 The sixth combination in the appendix is ​​number 6. When the pulse is high, the TP7 output is the voltage collected by combining the default 4-channel and extended 4-channel states. When the pulse is low, the TP7 output is the voltage collected by the extended 4 channels.

[0064] CH1: Appendix Figure 10 The switching pulse waveform at point TP2.

[0065] CH2: Appendix Figure 10 The output voltage waveform is reported alternately at TP7 points.

[0066] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-channel power status monitoring circuit for a laser communication master control system, characterized in that, It includes a voltage acquisition module, an extended voltage acquisition module, a voltage conversion module, an extended voltage conversion module, a merging module, a switching pulse generation module, and a reporting output switching module; The voltage acquisition module and the extended voltage acquisition module each include four channels for acquiring and outputting power supply voltage signals; The input terminals of the voltage conversion module and the extended voltage conversion module are respectively connected to the output terminals of the voltage acquisition module and the extended voltage acquisition module, and are used to perform weighted processing on the voltage signal. The input terminal of the merging module is connected to the output terminal of the voltage conversion module and the output terminal of the extended voltage conversion module, respectively, and is used to merge and output the weighted voltage signals; The switching pulse generation module is used to send pulse signals of a specific period; The input terminal of the reporting output switching module is connected to the output terminal of the switching pulse generation module, the output terminal of the merging module, and the output terminal of the extended voltage conversion module, respectively. It is used to switch the output of the voltage of the merging module and the voltage of the extended voltage conversion module according to the pulse signal triggering period of the switching pulse generation module. The output voltage of the extended voltage conversion module corresponds to a unique combination of four power supply states collected by the extended voltage acquisition module, and the difference between the output voltage of the merging module and the voltage of the extended voltage conversion module corresponds to a unique combination of four power supply states collected by the voltage acquisition module.

2. The multi-channel power status monitoring circuit for a laser communication master control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The voltage acquisition module and the extended voltage acquisition module have the same structure.

3. A multi-channel power status monitoring circuit for a laser communication master control system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The voltage acquisition module and the extended voltage acquisition module each include four comparators. The positive input terminal of each comparator is connected to an external power supply voltage signal, and the negative input terminal of each comparator is connected to a standard reference level.

4. A multi-channel power status monitoring circuit for a laser communication master control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The voltage conversion module and the extended voltage conversion module have the same structure.

5. A multi-channel power status monitoring circuit for a laser communication master control system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The voltage conversion module and the extended voltage conversion module each include an R-2R voltage output DAC unit and a scaling unit. The R-2R voltage output DAC unit is used to weight the output signal of the voltage acquisition module or the extended voltage acquisition module and output it. The weighted output signal is then reduced by the scaling unit before being output.

6. A multi-channel power status monitoring circuit for a laser communication master control system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The R-2R voltage output DAC unit of the voltage conversion module includes a trapezoidal array of resistors, an SPDT analog switch U3, and an operational amplifier U7C. One end of the trapezoidal array of resistors is connected to the positive input terminal of the operational amplifier U7C, and the other end of the trapezoidal array of resistors is connected to the Dx pin of the SPDT analog switch U3. The SELx pin of the SPDT analog switch U3 is connected to the four voltage output signals of the voltage acquisition module, where x is a natural number from 1 to 4. The trapezoidal array of resistors enables the four voltage output signals connected to the SPDT analog switch U3 to be weighted and superimposed, and then the result is output through the operational amplifier U7C.

7. A multi-channel power status monitoring circuit for a laser communication master control system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The scaling unit includes an in-phase operational amplifier U1B, which reduces the superimposed output signal to half of its original value.

8. A multi-channel power status monitoring circuit for a laser communication master control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The merging module includes a non-inverting operational amplifier U1D. The positive input terminal of the operational amplifier U1D is connected to the output terminal of the voltage conversion module and the output terminal of the extended voltage conversion module through resistors R33 and R37, respectively, and the voltage signals from each channel are merged and output.

9. A multi-channel power status monitoring circuit for a laser communication master control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The switching pulse generation module includes an operational amplifier U1A. The positive input terminal of the operational amplifier U1A is connected to a 5V voltage source through a voltage divider resistor R19 and a resistor R21. The positive input terminal of the operational amplifier U1A is also connected to its output terminal through a resistor R20. The inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U1A is connected to a feedback resistor R7 and a capacitor C4, which are used to change the square wave output period.

10. A multi-channel power status monitoring circuit for a laser communication master control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reporting output switching module includes an SPDT analog switch U4. The SEL pin of the SPDT analog switch U4 is connected to the output terminal of the switching pulse generation module. The S2 and S1 pins of the SPDT analog switch U4 are respectively connected to the output terminal of the merging module and the output terminal of the extended voltage conversion module. The output terminal of the SPDT analog switch U4 periodically outputs the merged voltage signal of the merging module and the voltage signal of the extended voltage conversion module according to the pulse period of the switching pulse generation module.

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