Novel attractant for Frankliniella occidentalis and application of novel attractant

Abstract

The invention discloses a novel attractant for Frankliniella occidentalis and application of the novel attractant. The Frankliniella occidentalis attractant contains two active components, namely beta-myrcene and 3-ethylbenzaldehyde, wherein the mass ratio of the beta-myrcene to the 3-ethylbenzaldehyde can be (1-5): (5-1); in the Frankliniella occidentalis attractant, the concentration of the active components can be 10 <-2 > to 10 <-1 > mg / mL. The Frankliniella occidentalis attractant based on the corn leaf volatile matter can realize efficient monitoring, prevention and control of Frankliniella occidentalis.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of green control of agricultural pests, specifically involving a novel attractant for western flower thrips and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis) is a globally significant invasive pest, listed in my country's "List of Class A Crop Pests and Diseases" in 2023. With a complex diet, it can severely damage over 500 plant species from 60 families, including various important economic crops, vegetables, fruits, and ornamental crops. Due to its small size, wide host range, and high reproductive rate, it is now distributed across most parts of the world. Western flower thrips not only directly feed on various plant organs but also transmit multiple viruses, seriously impacting food production and food security.

[0003] Currently, the main method for controlling western flower thrips in production is still the application of chemical insecticides. However, due to their short generation cycle, extremely high reproductive rate, and ability to easily hide in flowers and buds, chemical control presents significant challenges. A single pesticide or a single spray is unlikely to kill all or most western flower thrips at all developmental stages, and repeated or high-concentration applications easily lead to resistance. Therefore, exploring new, green, and efficient methods is currently the primary task for controlling western flower thrips.

[0004] The biological characteristics of insects in selecting hosts and locating mates by recognizing volatile substances and pheromones in host plants offer possibilities for developing green attractants. Research on the control of thrips using plant volatile substances and insect pheromones has been reported. For example, patent CN201410607070.3 discloses a reagent for attracting flower thrips, which uses (R)-lavender acetate and nifedipine (S)-2-methylbutyrate or its analogues as the main components. However, due to the complex preparation process and high cost of its active ingredients, it has not yet been commercialized. Patent 202311339072.4 discloses the application of dihydrocarvone in thrips attractants, but the concentration is set at 10-1000 ng / μL, a relatively narrow range. The disadvantage of attracting high concentrations with low concentrations limits its practical use. Therefore, developing novel thrips attractants and expanding their concentration range is beneficial for advancing the commercialization and application of thrips attractants, enabling precise monitoring and efficient control of pests. Previous studies have identified several volatiles that significantly attract western flower thrips in maize plants infected with maize chlorotic mottle virus (MCMV). Further screening of these volatiles can identify those with attractive effects on western flower thrips, providing an effective attractant for monitoring western flower thrips population dynamics and implementing green pest control. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a western flower thrips attractant. This western flower thrips attractant, based on maize leaf volatiles, enables efficient monitoring and control of western flower thrips.

[0006] The western flower thrips attractant provided by this invention contains two active components: β-myrcene and 3-ethylbenzaldehyde.

[0007] The mass ratio of β-myrcene to 3-ethylbenzaldehyde can be 1-5:5-1, specifically 1:5 or 5:1.

[0008] The concentration of the active ingredient in the western flower thrips attractant can be 10. -2 -10 -1 mg / mL, specifically 10 mg / mL -2 mg / mL.

[0009] The application of the aforementioned western flower thrips attractant in the control of western flower thrips also falls within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0010] The present invention also provides a method for inducing and controlling western flower thrips.

[0011] The method for controlling western flower thrips provided by this invention includes the following steps: dissolving two active components, β-myrcene and 3-ethylbenzaldehyde, in n-hexane to obtain an attractant; applying the obtained attractant dropwise onto the surface of plant leaves or coating it onto a blue insect-attracting board.

[0012] The mass ratio of β-myrcene to 3-ethylbenzaldehyde can be 1-5:5-1, specifically 1:5 or 5:1.

[0013] The concentration of the active component in the attractant is 10. -2 -10 -1 mg / mL, specifically 10 mg / mL -2 mg / mL.

[0014] The present invention has the following advantages;

[0015] (1) This invention has discovered a novel plant volatile attractant that has a significant attraction effect on western flower thrips, comprising two active ingredients, β-myrcene and 3-ethylbenzaldehyde, which are readily available on the market.

[0016] (2) This invention determined the concentration range of the two active ingredients of the attractant, β-myrcene and 3-ethylbenzaldehyde, and found that a final concentration of 10 was obtained by preparing the product at a weight ratio of 1:5 or 5:1. -2 The mg / mL mixture can effectively attract western flower thrips, enhancing its applicability. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a comparative metabolomics analysis of healthy and diseased maize in Example 1 of the present invention. A. Principal component analysis of maize volatiles; B. Volcano plot of differential volatiles; C. Heat map of differential volatiles; D. Adjustment of the number of differential volatiles, with the yellow highlighted parts being the six selected differential volatiles.

[0018] Figure 2 The behavioral responses of western flower thrips to six volatile compounds are shown in Example 2 of this invention. A. Selection of different concentrations of linalyl butyrate; B. Selection of different concentrations of β-myrcene; C. Selection of different concentrations of geraniol butyrate; D. Selection of different concentrations of butyl benzoate; E. Selection of different concentrations of resorcinol-acetic acid; F. Selection of different concentrations of 3-ethylbenzaldehyde.

[0019] Figure 3 This describes the behavioral reaction of western flower thrips to a mixture of β-myrcene and 3-ethylbenzaldehyde in Example 3 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments. The given embodiments are merely illustrative of the invention and not intended to limit its scope. The embodiments provided below can serve as a guide for further improvements by those skilled in the art and do not constitute a limitation on the invention in any way.

[0021] Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods used in the following examples are conventional methods, performed according to the techniques or conditions described in the literature in this field or according to the product instructions. Unless otherwise specified, the materials and reagents used in the following examples are commercially available.

[0022] In the examples below, β-myrcene was purchased from Solarbio, catalog number SM8380; 3-ethylbenzaldehyde was purchased from Aladdin, catalog number E193489.

[0023] Example 1: Screening of differentially volatile organic compounds from MCMV-susceptible maize plants

[0024] Western flower thrips test insect source and rearing: Western flower thrips were collected from Changping District, Beijing. The indoor population was reared on green beans without contact with any viruses or other harmful substances. The rearing was carried out in a custom-made glass cylinder (10cm in diameter and 26cm in height) in an incubator with a temperature of 25±1℃ and a light intensity of L:D = 16:8h.

[0025] Metabolome Comparison of MCMV-Infected and Healthy Maize: Samples from MCMV-infected maize plants and uninfected control maize plants were collected using liquid nitrogen. Six biological replicates were performed for each treatment (0.6 g per biological replicate per treatment), and metabolome analysis was performed using GC-MS. Samples were ground into powder in liquid nitrogen, and 500 mg of powder was immediately transferred to a 20 mL headspace vial containing a saturated sodium chloride solution. Volatile compounds were collected by solid-phase microextraction. Chemical analysis was performed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) (8890-7000D) and a DB5-MS column (30 m × 0.25 mm × 0.25 μm; Agilent Technologies, California, USA). Selected ion monitoring (SIM) mode was used for analyte identification and quantification. The metabolomes of MCMV-infected maize plants and control plants were analyzed, the fold change of each metabolite was calculated, and six differentially expressed volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were screened. Figure 1 ).

[0026] Example 2: Behavioral response of western flower thrips to differentially volatile organic compounds

[0027] The "Y"-shaped tube was used to detect the attraction of western flower thrips to differentially volatile compounds. The "Y"-shaped tube had two arms, each 8 cm long, with an included angle of 75° and an inner diameter of 1 cm. Each arm of the "Y"-shaped tube was connected sequentially to a sample bottle, a gas flow meter, a distilled water humidifier, and an activated carbon filter via odorless silicone tubing. Based on the thrips' upward and phototactic properties, the "Y"-shaped tube was placed in a self-made box, tilted upwards at approximately 30°, and the gas flow rate was adjusted. The gas in each arm of the "Y"-shaped tube was set with β-myrcene and n-hexane, respectively, at a flow rate of 500 mL / min. Before the assay, 50 adult western flower thrips were starved for 2 hours, and then released sequentially from the opening of the straight tube. Each adult thrips was observed for 5 minutes. The criterion for selection was that the western flower thrips crawled to more than halfway along one side of the tube wall and remained there for more than 15 seconds. If no selection was made within 5 minutes, it was considered a no-response. After testing every 10 adults, the "Y"-shaped tube was cleaned with 75% ethanol, dried, and cooled before the next test was conducted, with the odor source and the direction of the "Y"-shaped tube changed. The results showed that β-myrcene at a concentration of 10... -3 Within the range of -10 μg / μL (using n-hexane as the solvent), 3-ethylbenzaldehyde at a concentration of 10... -2 -10 -1 Thrips were effectively attracted within a range of μg / μL (using n-hexane as the solvent), thus β-myrcene and 3-ethylbenzaldehyde were selected as key volatiles. Figure 2 ).

[0028] Example 3: The attraction effect of the combination of β-myrcene and 3-ethylbenzaldehyde on western flower thrips.

[0029] Y-tube assay was used to verify the attraction of the compound β-myrcene and 3-ethylbenzaldehyde to western flower thrips: β-myrcene and 3-ethylbenzaldehyde were prepared into solutions with a concentration of 10% by weight at ratios of 1:1, 1:5, and 5:1, respectively. -1 10 -2 The mixed solution of mg / mL was tested and compared using the same "Y" tube method described above, and the results showed that the two active components were prepared at a weight ratio of 1:5 or 5:1 to a concentration of 10 mg / mL. -2 The mg / mL mixture was the most effective attractant for western flower thrips. Figure 3 ).

[0030] The present invention has been described in detail above. Those skilled in the art will recognize that the invention can be practiced in a wide range of ways with equivalent parameters, concentrations, and conditions without departing from its spirit and scope, and without requiring unnecessary experiments. While specific embodiments have been provided, it should be understood that further modifications can be made to the invention. In summary, according to the principles of the invention, this application is intended to include any changes, uses, or improvements to the invention, including changes made using conventional techniques known in the art that depart from the scope disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A western flower thrips attractant, characterized in that, The western flower thrips attractant contains two active components: β-myrcene and 3-ethylbenzaldehyde. The mass ratio of β-myrcene to 3-ethylbenzaldehyde is 1-5:5-1.

2. The western flower thrips attractant according to claim 1, characterized in that, The concentration of the active ingredient in the western flower thrips attractant is 10. -2 -10 -1 mg / mL.

3. The application of the western flower thrips attractant according to claim 1 or 2 in the control of western flower thrips.

4. A method for controlling western flower thrips, comprising the following steps: dissolving two active components, β-myrcene and 3-ethylbenzaldehyde, in n-hexane to obtain an attractant; applying the obtained attractant dropwise onto the surface of plant leaves or coating it onto a blue insect-attracting board.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, In the attractant, the mass ratio of β-myrcene to 3-ethylbenzaldehyde is 1-5:5-1.

6. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The concentration of the active component in the attractant is 10. -2 -10 - 1 mg / mL.

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