Waste gas dust removal device and method for vacuum sintering production

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of sintering waste gas treatment and particularly discloses a waste gas dust removal device and method for vacuum sintering production. The waste gas dust removal device comprises a dust removal box, a gas inlet is formed in the side face of the bottom of the dust removal box, a gas outlet is formed in the top of the dust removal box, and the dust removal box is divided into an upper part and a lower part through a partition plate; a condensation structure is arranged above the dust removal box; the condensation structure comprises an inner cylinder, a vortex-shaped pipe is arranged in the inner cylinder, a spiral pipe is arranged above the vortex-shaped pipe, the two ends of the vortex-shaped pipe and the two ends of the spiral pipe penetrate through the outer wall of the inner cylinder respectively, and heat-conducting media are contained in the vortex-shaped pipe and the spiral pipe. The dust removal structure at the bottom of the dust removal box is provided with the filter screen, dust and solid particles in sintering waste gas can be effectively captured and removed, the burden of the follow-up treatment stage is reduced, and the overall purification efficiency of the waste gas is improved. The service life of the equipment can be prolonged, and meanwhile the maintenance cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of sintering waste gas treatment technology, and in particular to a dust removal device and method for waste gas in vacuum sintering production. Background Technology

[0002] During vacuum sintering, a small amount of binder needs to be added to the material due to production process requirements, which is more conducive to the pressing and molding of powdered materials. Currently, the most economical and effective binders are mostly carbonaceous binders. However, because the main components of this binder are carbohydrates and organic matter, the carbohydrates will undergo dry distillation under vacuum and high temperature conditions, producing tar. This tar is in a gaseous state under the high temperature and vacuum conditions inside the furnace: a small portion adheres to the water-cooled furnace wall, while most is drawn into the dust collector, Roots pump, and mechanical vacuum pump by the vacuum system along with the furnace gas. The mixed gas containing tar enters the vacuum pump, where it condenses upon cooling. The coal tar will adhere to the figure-eight impeller of the Roots pump, the eccentric wheel of the slide valve pump, and the pump chamber, causing the Roots pump and mechanical slide valve pump to seize up during operation and stop working. This affects the production schedule, reduces production efficiency, and increases the workload of maintenance personnel. Therefore, reducing the tar content in the furnace gas is the key to solving this problem. Currently, there are two methods to solve this problem in this production field: 1. Use binders of other materials. There are economical and affordable glass cleaners, sodium cellulose, and sodium hydroxide, but both of these binders contain sodium (Na) and silicon (Si), which contaminate the product quality. Furthermore, sodium adheres to the furnace wall and explodes upon contact with oxygen when the vacuum is broken after the material is removed from the furnace. Therefore, they are not widely used in the industry. Increasing the drying temperature during the brick pressing process is intended to cause the binder to volatilize. However, experiments have shown that increasing the temperature causes the binder to burn, resulting in a loss of binding properties and causing the pressed material to scatter, severely impacting product quality.

[0003] For example, existing technology publication number CN221107643U discloses a waste gas tar removal device. This device includes a waste gas tar removal device body, which includes a treatment box. The treatment box is equipped with a tar removal structure. The treatment box contains a collection component and a secondary treatment component, which are arranged front and rear. The collection component includes a side plate, and a collection box is fixedly connected to one side of the side plate. A fixing plate is fixedly connected inside the treatment box. A first insertion hole is provided on one side of the treatment box, and a second insertion hole is provided on the top of the treatment box. A chute is provided on one side of the treatment box. This device can remove and collect tar and other wastes in waste gas, facilitating unified treatment later. It also allows for the replacement of the collection component and the secondary treatment component, preventing long-term use from affecting the treatment effect of tar and other wastes. Furthermore, it can recycle the wastewater after waste gas treatment, thereby reducing water waste.

[0004] The above solution has the following problems: Since water mist is used to separate tar from the gas, gaseous tar has poor hydrophilicity. The method of removing tar by water mist is inefficient and the tar escape rate is high, which is not conducive to protecting the pump set. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this section is to outline some aspects of embodiments of the present invention and to briefly describe some preferred embodiments. Simplifications or omissions may be made in this section, as well as in the abstract and title of this application, to avoid obscuring the purpose of these documents; however, such simplifications or omissions should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

[0006] This invention provides a dust removal device and method for waste gas in vacuum sintering production, which can solve the problems of low tar separation efficiency and high escape rate in existing technologies. The specific solution is as follows:

[0007] On one hand, the present invention provides a dust removal device for waste gas in vacuum sintering production, including a dust removal box, an air inlet provided on the bottom side of the dust removal box, an air outlet provided on the top of the dust removal box, the dust removal box being divided into upper and lower parts by a partition, a dust removal structure provided at the bottom of the dust removal box, and a condensation structure provided at the top of the dust removal box.

[0008] The condensing structure includes an inner cylinder, inside which a vortex tube is arranged, and above the vortex tube is a spiral tube. The two ends of the vortex tube and the spiral tube respectively penetrate to the outer wall of the inner cylinder. The vortex tube and the spiral tube are filled with a heat-conducting medium. The two ends of the vortex tube and the spiral tube are connected by a first circulation device. The first circulation device is used to transport the heat-conducting medium inside the vortex tube and the spiral tube to the radiator for heat dissipation and then circulate it back to the inside of the vortex tube and the spiral tube.

[0009] Rotating rings are provided at the upper and lower ends of the inner cylinder. Rotating sleeves are connected to the upper and lower ends of the inner cylinder, the upper inner wall of the dust collector, and the partition plate. The rotating rings and rotating sleeves are rotatably connected, and the inner cylinder can be driven to rotate by external force.

[0010] The sintering exhaust gas enters the dust collection box through the inlet. First, it is dusted by the dust collection structure, and then it passes through the condensation structure. The tar gas is condensed by the vortex tube and the spiral tube. After the tar gas is condensed into liquid, the tar gathers on the vortex tube and / or the spiral tube. Then, the liquid tar is thrown to the inner wall of the inner cylinder by the inertia generated by the rotation of the inner cylinder, and finally discharged from the discharge port at the bottom of the inner cylinder.

[0011] The above solution utilizes a filter screen at the bottom of the dust collection box to effectively capture and remove dust and solid particles from the sintering exhaust gas, reducing the burden on subsequent treatment stages and improving the overall purification efficiency of the exhaust gas. This helps extend the service life of the equipment while reducing maintenance costs. The condensation structure rapidly condenses gaseous tar into liquid, achieving clean separation of tar and exhaust gas, preventing tar residue from clogging or corroding subsequent pump equipment. This not only protects the pumps from damage but also improves the stability and durability of the system. The centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the inner cylinder throws the condensed liquid tar against the inner cylinder wall, which then flows into the collection tank for discharge. This solution achieves automatic collection and continuous discharge of waste liquid, reducing the need for manual cleaning and improving operational convenience.

[0012] Preferably, the spiral tube has a tapered shape that increases from bottom to top, with the bottom inner diameter of the tapered spiral tube being smaller than the minimum inner diameter of the vortex tube, and the top diameter of the tapered spiral tube matching the inner diameter of the inner cylinder.

[0013] Preferably, an arc-shaped rod is provided below the vortex tube, and the arc-shaped rod is arranged in a complete circle on the inner wall of the inner cylinder. A heat-conducting plate is connected to the bottom of the vortex tube, and the top of the complete circle of arc-shaped rod matches the bottom of the heat-conducting plate.

[0014] Preferably, the outer wall of the inner cylinder is provided with a drive groove, which forms a complete closed ring around the inner cylinder. The drive groove is S-shaped, and a drive column is provided on one side of the drive groove. The drive column is fixed to the partition plate by a fixing seat. The drive column is embedded in the drive groove, and the diameter of the drive column matches the width of the drive groove. Thus, when the inner cylinder rotates, the inner cylinder can move up and down under the combined action of the S-shaped drive groove and the drive column.

[0015] Preferably, a condenser box is provided above the spiral tube, and a condenser tube is provided inside the condenser box. The condenser tube is fixedly connected to the inside of the condenser box, and the upper and lower ends of the condenser tube pass through the upper and lower ends of the condenser box, respectively. The inside of the condenser box is filled with heat-conducting liquid.

[0016] Preferably, an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe are fixedly connected to both ends of the condenser box, and the inlet pipes penetrate into the interior of the condenser box to circulate the heat transfer liquid inside the condenser box. The inlet pipes and outlet pipes are slidably connected to the top of the dust collector box, and the top ends of the inlet pipes and outlet pipes are connected through a second circulation device.

[0017] Preferably, a liquid collection trough is formed around the bottom of the inner wall of the inner cylinder, and the discharge port is located at the bottom of the liquid collection trough. After the tar is collected in the liquid collection trough due to inertia, it is discharged through the discharge port.

[0018] Preferably, a condenser box is provided above the spiral tube, and a condenser tube is provided inside the condenser box. The condenser tube is fixedly connected to the interior of the condenser box, and the upper and lower ends of the condenser tube pass through the upper and lower ends of the condenser box, respectively. The interior of the condenser box is filled with heat transfer fluid, and an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe are fixedly connected to the two ends of the condenser box, respectively. Both the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe pass through the interior of the condenser box for circulating the heat transfer fluid inside the condenser box. The inlet pipe and the outlet pipe are slidably connected to the top of the dust collector box, and the top ends of the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe are connected through a second circulation device.

[0019] Preferably, a fixing ring is provided around the inner cylinder. The inside of the fixing ring is hollow, and a first cavity and a second cavity are formed on the fixing ring. The first cavity can cover one end of the vortex tube and the spiral tube, and the second cavity can cover the other end of the vortex tube and the spiral tube. A heat dissipation pipe is provided below the fixing ring. There are two heat dissipation pipes. The top ends of the two heat dissipation pipes are respectively connected to the inside of the first cavity and the second cavity, and the bottom ends of the two heat dissipation pipes are respectively connected to the inlet and outlet of the first circulation device.

[0020] A method for dust removal from waste gas in vacuum sintering production includes the following steps:

[0021] S1. The sintering exhaust gas is introduced into the lower part of the dust collector from the air inlet on the side of the dust collector.

[0022] S2. The exhaust gas is treated by passing through the dust removal structure at the bottom of the dust collector.

[0023] S3. The exhaust gas after dust removal rises to the upper part of the dust collector and flows through the vortex tube and spiral tube in the inner cylinder.

[0024] S4. A heat-conducting medium is circulated into the vortex tube and the spiral tube to condense and liquefy the tar gas in the exhaust gas, so that the liquid tar adheres to the surface of the vortex tube and / or the spiral tube.

[0025] S5. Drive the inner cylinder to rotate, and use the centrifugal force generated by the rotation to throw the liquid tar adhering to the surface of the vortex tube and / or spiral tube to the inner wall of the inner cylinder.

[0026] S6. Collect the liquid tar that accumulates on the inner wall of the inner cylinder and discharge it through the discharge port at the bottom of the inner cylinder;

[0027] S7. The purified gas after tar removal is discharged from the air outlet at the top of the dust collector.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can achieve at least one of the following beneficial effects:

[0029] 1. This invention utilizes a filter screen in the dust collection structure at the bottom of the dust collection box to effectively capture and remove dust and solid particles from sintering exhaust gas, reducing the burden on subsequent treatment stages and improving the overall purification efficiency of the exhaust gas. This helps extend the service life of the equipment while reducing maintenance costs.

[0030] 2. This invention rapidly condenses gaseous tar into liquid through a condensation structure, achieving clean separation of tar and waste gas, preventing tar residue from clogging or corroding subsequent pump equipment, thus protecting the pump unit from damage and improving the stability and durability of the system.

[0031] 3. This invention generates centrifugal force through the rotation of the inner cylinder, which can throw the condensed and adhered liquid tar against the inner cylinder wall and then flow into the collection tank for discharge. This solution realizes the automatic collection and continuous discharge of waste liquid, reduces the need for manual cleaning, and improves the convenience of operation.

[0032] 4. This invention effectively shakes off tar residue on the surface of the condenser tube by causing the inner cylinder to vibrate regularly up and down, avoiding blockage and maintaining high-efficiency condensation performance. This reduces the number of downtime maintenance and ensures long-term stable operation of the device.

[0033] 5. This invention integrates heat dissipation with a radiator and a fan, using air to cool the heat transfer medium and quickly remove heat during the condensation process, ensuring condensation efficiency. The air-cooled circulation system reduces energy consumption dependence and adapts to various environmental conditions, improving the overall energy efficiency ratio.

[0034] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the structures particularly pointed out in the written description and the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0035] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. Wherein:

[0036] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the entire invention;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a half-sectional view of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 This is a perspective view of the vortex tube and helical tube of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4The front view of this invention without the dust collection box;

[0040] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the inner cylinder of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 6 This is a perspective view of the inner cylinder of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 7 This is a perspective view of the condenser box of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 8 This is a perspective view of the spiral tube and the fixing ring of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 9 This is a perspective view of the present invention without the dust collection box;

[0045] Figure 10 This is a perspective view of the inner cylinder of the present invention.

[0046] The accompanying figure is labeled as follows:

[0047] 1. Dust collector; 2. Air inlet; 3. Air outlet; 4. Baffle; 5. Inner cylinder; 6. Vortex tube; 7. Spiral tube; 8. First circulation device; 9. Radiator; 10. Rotating ring; 11. Rotating sleeve; 12. Arc rod; 13. Heat-conducting plate; 14. Drive slot; 15. Drive column; 16. Condensation box; 17. Condensation tube; 18. Liquid inlet pipe; 19. Liquid outlet pipe; 20. Liquid collection tank; 21. Discharge port; 22. Fixing ring; 23. First cavity; 24. Second cavity; 25. Heat dissipation tube; 26. Crossflow fan; 27. Driven gear; 28. Drive gear; 29. ​​Ventilation port; 30. Fixing base; 31. Motor; 32. First gear; 33. Second gear. Detailed Implementation

[0048] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which form part of the present invention and, together with the embodiments of the present invention, serve to illustrate the principles of the present invention.

[0049] Example 1: As Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a dust removal device for waste gas in vacuum sintering production, including a dust collection box 1. An air inlet 2 is provided on the bottom side of the dust collection box 1, and an air outlet 3 is provided on the top of the dust collection box. The dust collection box 1 is divided into upper and lower parts by a partition 4. A dust removal structure is provided at the bottom of the dust collection box 1, and a condensation structure is provided at the top of the dust collection box. The dust removal structure includes a filter screen, which filters particulate matter in the sintering waste gas. The condensation structure is used to condense gaseous tar into liquid tar, thereby separating the tar from the waste gas, protecting the pump unit, and improving the service life of the pump unit.

[0050] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the condensation structure includes an inner cylinder 5, inside which a vortex tube 6 is arranged, and above the vortex tube 6 is a spiral tube 7. The two ends of the vortex tube 6 and the spiral tube 7 respectively penetrate to the outer wall of the inner cylinder 5. The vortex tube 6 and the spiral tube 7 are filled with a heat-conducting medium, which can be gaseous or liquid. The two ends of the vortex tube 6 and the spiral tube 7 are connected by a first circulation device 8. The first circulation device 8 is used to transport the heat-conducting medium inside the vortex tube 6 and the spiral tube 7 to the radiator 9 for heat dissipation and then circulate it back to the inside of the vortex tube 6 and the spiral tube 7. The radiator 9 is composed of several heat dissipation fins.

[0051] In the above scheme, the heat-conducting medium can be:

[0052] I. Gaseous heat transfer medium:

[0053] Air: With a thermal conductivity of approximately 0.0257 W / (m·K), it is the most common gaseous medium and is widely used for natural convection heat dissipation.

[0054] Hydrogen (H2): approximately 0.168 W / (m·K), the best thermal conductivity among gases; thermal conductivity coefficient approximately 0.151 W / (m·K).

[0055] Nitrogen (N2) and carbon dioxide (CO2): thermal conductivity approximately 0.026 W / (m·K), CO2 approximately 0.016 W / (m·K).

[0056] II. Liquid heat transfer medium:

[0057] Water (deionized water): has a thermal conductivity of about 0.6 W / (m·K), a large specific heat capacity and low cost, making it the mainstream choice for liquid cooling systems, but leakage prevention is required.

[0058] Ethylene glycol solution: thermal conductivity of approximately 0.25 W / (m·K), when mixed with water, it also has antifreeze properties and is suitable for low-temperature environments (such as automotive cooling systems).

[0059] Fluorinated liquids (such as ammonium fluoride solutions): have a thermal conductivity similar to deionized water, but are highly insulating and chemically inert, allowing direct contact with electronic components and making them suitable for high-end data centers and servers.

[0060] Liquid metals (such as gallium-based alloys): with a thermal conductivity as high as 450 W / (m·K), they are the liquids with the best thermal conductivity and are used in high-power chips or aerospace equipment, but they are expensive and easily corrode containers.

[0061] Mineral oil and synthetic oil: thermal conductivity = approximately 0.17 W / (m·K), good insulation properties.

[0062] Rotating rings 10 are provided at the upper and lower ends of the inner cylinder 5. Rotating sleeves 11 are connected to the upper and lower ends of the inner cylinder 5, the upper inner wall of the dust collector 1, and the partition 4. The rotating rings 10 and the rotating sleeves 11 are rotatably connected. The inner cylinder 5 can be driven to rotate by external force. There is also a vertical movement space between the rotating sleeves 11 and the rotating rings 10, so that the inner cylinder 5 can move up and down.

[0063] In the above scheme, the sintering exhaust gas enters the dust collection box 1 from the air inlet 2. The exhaust gas first passes through the dust collection structure for dust removal, and then passes through the condensation structure. The tar gas is condensed through the vortex tube 6 and the spiral tube 7. After the tar gas is condensed into liquid, the tar gathers on the vortex tube 6 and / or the spiral tube 7. Then, the liquid tar is thrown to the inner wall of the inner cylinder 5 by the inertia (centrifugal force) generated by the rotation of the inner cylinder 5, and finally discharged from the discharge port 21 at the bottom of the inner cylinder.

[0064] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the spiral tube 7 has a tapered shape that increases from bottom to top. The inner diameter of the bottom end of the tapered spiral tube 7 is smaller than the minimum inner diameter of the vortex tube 6, and the diameter of the top end of the tapered spiral tube 7 is approximately equal to the inner diameter of the inner cylinder 5. The vortex tube 6 and the tapered spiral tube 7 form a complete coverage of the rising exhaust gas, which can improve the condensation efficiency, reduce the escape rate of tar gas, and reduce damage to the pump set.

[0065] As one possible implementation, such as Figure 2 , Figure 5 As shown, an arc-shaped rod 12 is provided below the vortex tube 6. The arc-shaped rod 12 is arranged in a complete circle on the inner wall of the inner cylinder 5. A heat-conducting plate 13 is connected to the bottom of the vortex tube 6. The top of the arc-shaped rod 12 matches the bottom of the heat-conducting plate 13. The bottom of the arc-shaped rod 12 is connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the inner cylinder 5. Through the above scheme, the condensed liquid tar can flow along the arc-shaped rod 12 to the bottom of the inner cylinder 5. With the help of the centrifugal force of the inner cylinder 5, the liquid tar is prevented from dripping into the air inlet 2.

[0066] As one possible implementation, such as Figure 6 As shown, the outer wall of the inner cylinder 5 is provided with a drive groove 14, which forms a complete closed ring around the inner cylinder. The drive groove 14 is S-shaped. A drive column 15 is provided on one side of the drive groove 14. The drive column 15 is fixed to the partition plate 4 by a fixing seat 30. The drive column 15 is embedded in the drive groove 14, and the diameter of the drive column 15 matches the width of the drive groove 14. Thus, when the inner cylinder 5 rotates, the inner cylinder 5 can move up and down under the combined action of the S-shaped drive groove 14 and the drive column 15, thereby causing the inner cylinder 5 to vibrate up and down, shaking off the condensed liquid adhering to the internal condensation structure. In addition, with the centrifugal force of the inner cylinder 5, the shaken liquid can flow down the inner wall of the inner cylinder 5 and finally collect at the bottom of the inner cylinder 5.

[0067] like Figure 7 As shown, a condenser box 16 is provided above the spiral tube 7, and a condenser tube 17 is provided inside the condenser box 16. The condenser tube 17 is fixedly connected to the inside of the condenser box 16, and the upper and lower ends of the condenser tube 17 pass through the upper and lower ends of the condenser box 16 respectively. The inside of the condenser box 16 is filled with heat-conducting liquid.

[0068] The two ends of the condenser 16 are fixedly connected to an inlet pipe 18 and an outlet pipe 19, respectively. Both the inlet pipe 18 and the outlet pipe 19 extend into the interior of the condenser 16 to circulate the heat transfer liquid inside the condenser 16. The inlet pipe 18 and the outlet pipe 19 are slidably connected to the top of the dust collector 1. The top ends of the inlet pipe 18 and the outlet pipe 19 are connected through a second circulation device (not shown in the figure). A flexible hose is also connected between the inlet pipe 18 and the outlet pipe 19 and the second circulation device to accommodate the vertical movement space of the inner cylinder 5.

[0069] like Figure 2 As shown, a collection tank 20 is formed around the bottom of the inner wall of the inner cylinder 5. The discharge port 21 is formed at the bottom of the collection tank and on the partition plate 4. The tar is collected in the collection tank 20 by inertia and then discharged through the discharge port 21.

[0070] like Figure 8 As shown, a fixing ring 22 is arranged around the inner cylinder 5. The inside of the fixing ring 22 is hollow. A first cavity 23 and a second cavity 24 are formed on the fixing ring 22. The first cavity 23 can cover one end of the vortex tube 6 and the spiral tube 7, and the second cavity 24 can cover the other end of the vortex tube 6 and the spiral tube 7. A heat dissipation pipe 25 is arranged below the fixing ring 22. There are two heat dissipation pipes 25. The top ends of the two heat dissipation pipes 25 are respectively connected to the inside of the first cavity 23 and the second cavity 24. The bottom ends of the two heat dissipation pipes 25 are respectively connected to the inlet and outlet of the first circulation device 8. The first circulation device 8 can circulate heat dissipation for the heat dissipation rings inside the vortex tube 6 and the spiral tube 7. The heat dissipation pipe 25 is S-shaped.

[0071] In the above scheme, the heat-conducting liquid inside the vortex tube 6 and the spiral tube 7 can be periodically circulated through the closed-loop control system. The specific operation steps are as follows: a position sensor is set around the inner cylinder 5 to detect the rotation angle of the inner cylinder 5. When the two ends of the vortex tube 6 and the spiral tube 7 are connected to the first cavity 23 and the second cavity 24 respectively, the first circulation device 8 is started to circulate the heat-conducting medium inside the vortex tube 6 and the spiral tube 7.

[0072] like Figure 9 , Figure 10As shown, the radiator 9 is fixed on the heat dissipation pipe 25, and the radiator 9 can directly contact the heat dissipation pipe 25 to conduct heat out of the heat dissipation pipe 25. A crossflow fan 26 is also provided on one side of the radiator 9. The upper and lower ends of the crossflow fan 26 are rotatably connected to the top of the dust collection box 1 and the top of the partition 4, respectively. A driven gear 27 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the crossflow fan 26. A drive gear 28 is connected to the outer wall of the inner cylinder 5. The drive gear 28 drives the driven gear 27 to rotate, thereby causing the crossflow fan 26 to rotate, thereby generating wind to exchange heat on the radiator 9 with cold air, achieving the purpose of heat dissipation. Correspondingly, a vent 29 is provided on the outer wall of the dust collection box 1.

[0073] like Figure 9 As shown, a motor 31 is installed between the dust collector 1 and the inner cylinder 5. A first gear 32 is connected to the top of the motor 31, and a second gear 33 is connected to the outer wall of the inner cylinder 5. The first gear 32 is driven to rotate by the motor 31, which in turn drives the second gear 33 and the inner cylinder 5 to rotate.

[0074] Example 2:

[0075] S1. The exhaust gas first enters the dust collector 1 through the air inlet 2. The dust collector 1 is divided into two parts by a partition 4: the lower part is the dust removal structure, and the upper part is the condensation structure. In the dust removal structure, the sintering exhaust gas is initially filtered by a filter screen to remove solid particles and dust, preventing these impurities from affecting the subsequent condensation efficiency. The filtered exhaust gas flows upward and enters the upper condensation structure area.

[0076] S2. The first circulation device 8 circulates the heat transfer medium to the radiator 9 for cooling. The radiator is connected to the inner cylinder structure through the heat dissipation pipe 25. The radiator itself is equipped with a crossflow fan 26, which is driven by the rotation of the inner cylinder 5 through the drive gear 28 and the driven gear 27 to generate wind power to enhance air cooling. After being cooled, the heat transfer medium returns to the vortex tube and the spiral tube, keeping the pipe surface at a low temperature. When the rising exhaust gas comes into contact with the cold pipe surface, the high-temperature gaseous tar quickly condenses into liquid tar, which adheres to the inside or wall of the pipe.

[0077] S3. Closed-loop operation of the heat dissipation system: The first cavity 23 and the second cavity 24 of the fixed ring 22 are connected to the two ends of the vortex tube 6 and the spiral tube 7; the position sensor monitors the angle of the inner cylinder. When the pipeline is connected, the first circulation device 8 is started, and the heat is transferred to the radiator 9 through the heat dissipation pipe 25. The fan enhances the heat dissipation. At the same time, the condenser 16 is filled with heat transfer liquid, which is connected to the second circulation device (not labeled) through the liquid inlet pipe 18 and the liquid outlet pipe 19 to adapt to the movement of the inner cylinder.

[0078] S4. Finally, the purified exhaust gas, free of tar and particles, is discharged from outlet 3. The entire system utilizes dust removal, condensation, centrifugation, vibration, and heat dissipation mechanisms to efficiently protect the pump unit and extend equipment life. Ventilation vent 29 provides external air exchange support; the principle emphasizes automation, continuous operation, and energy-saving design to ensure reliable operation in industrial environments.

[0079] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "an embodiment," "example," "specific example," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0080] The terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," etc. (if present) in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented, for example, in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0081] Parallelism: The parallelism defined in this application is not limited to absolute parallelism. This definition of parallelism can be understood as basic parallelism. It allows for situations where the parallelism is not absolute due to factors such as assembly tolerance, design tolerance, and structural flatness. It also allows for errors within a small angular range, such as within 10 degrees of assembly error. These can all be considered as parallel relationships.

[0082] Perpendicularity: The perpendicularity defined in this application is not limited to an absolute perpendicular intersection (with an included angle of 90 degrees). It is permissible for non-absolute perpendicular intersections caused by factors such as assembly tolerances, design tolerances, and structural flatness. It is permissible for errors within a small angular range, such as an assembly error range of 80 to 100 degrees, which can all be understood as a perpendicular relationship.

[0083] The devices or elements referred to in the embodiments of this application or implied herein must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of this application. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise precisely specified.

[0084] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementations described. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A dust removal device for waste gas in vacuum sintering production, comprising a dust collection box, an air inlet provided on the bottom side of the dust collection box, an air outlet provided on the top of the dust collection box, the dust collection box being divided into upper and lower parts by a partition, and a dust removal structure provided at the bottom of the dust collection box, characterized in that: A condensation structure is installed on top of the dust collection box; The condensing structure includes an inner cylinder, inside which a vortex tube is arranged, and above the vortex tube is a spiral tube. The two ends of the vortex tube and the spiral tube respectively penetrate to the outer wall of the inner cylinder. The vortex tube and the spiral tube are filled with a heat-conducting medium. The two ends of the vortex tube and the spiral tube are connected by a first circulation device. The first circulation device is used to transport the heat-conducting medium inside the vortex tube and the spiral tube to the radiator for heat dissipation and then circulate it back to the inside of the vortex tube and the spiral tube. Rotating rings are provided at the upper and lower ends of the inner cylinder. Rotating sleeves are connected to the upper and lower ends of the inner cylinder, the upper inner wall of the dust collector, and the partition plate. The rotating rings and rotating sleeves are rotatably connected, and the inner cylinder can be driven to rotate by external force. The sintering exhaust gas enters the dust collection box through the inlet. First, it is dusted by the dust collection structure, and then it passes through the condensation structure. The tar gas is condensed by the vortex tube and the spiral tube. After the tar gas is condensed into liquid, the tar gathers on the vortex tube and / or the spiral tube. Then, the liquid tar is thrown to the inner wall of the inner cylinder by the inertia generated by the rotation of the inner cylinder, and finally discharged from the discharge port at the bottom of the inner cylinder.

2. The waste gas dust removal device for vacuum sintering production as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The spiral tube has a tapered shape that increases from bottom to top. The inner diameter of the bottom end of the tapered spiral tube is smaller than the minimum inner diameter of the vortex tube, and the diameter of the top end of the tapered spiral tube matches the inner diameter of the inner cylinder.

3. The waste gas dust removal device for vacuum sintering production as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Below the vortex tube is an arc-shaped rod, which is arranged in a complete circle on the inner wall of the inner cylinder. A heat-conducting fin is connected to the bottom of the vortex tube, and the top of the arc-shaped rod matches the bottom of the heat-conducting fin.

4. The waste gas dust removal device for vacuum sintering production as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the inner cylinder is provided with a drive groove, which forms a complete closed ring around the inner cylinder. The drive groove is S-shaped, and a drive column is provided on one side of the drive groove. The drive column is fixed to the partition plate by a fixing seat. The drive column is embedded in the drive groove, and the diameter of the drive column matches the width of the drive groove. Thus, when the inner cylinder rotates, the inner cylinder can move up and down under the action of the S-shaped drive groove and the drive column.

5. The waste gas dust removal device for vacuum sintering production as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A condenser box is installed above the spiral tube, and a condenser tube is installed inside the condenser box. The condenser tube is fixedly connected to the inside of the condenser box, and the upper and lower ends of the condenser tube pass through the upper and lower ends of the condenser box, respectively. The inside of the condenser box is filled with heat-conducting liquid.

6. The waste gas dust removal device for vacuum sintering production as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The condenser is fixedly connected to an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe at both ends. The inlet pipes penetrate into the interior of the condenser to circulate the heat transfer liquid inside the condenser. The inlet and outlet pipes are slidably connected to the top of the dust collector. The top ends of the inlet and outlet pipes are connected through a second circulation device.

7. The waste gas dust removal device for vacuum sintering production as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A liquid collection trough is formed around the bottom of the inner wall of the inner cylinder, and the discharge port is located at the bottom of the liquid collection trough. The tar is collected in the liquid collection trough by inertia and then discharged through the discharge port.

8. The waste gas dust removal device for vacuum sintering production as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A condenser box is installed above the spiral tube, and a condenser tube is installed inside the condenser box. The condenser tube is fixedly connected to the inside of the condenser box, and the upper and lower ends of the condenser tube pass through the upper and lower ends of the condenser box, respectively. The condenser box is filled with heat transfer fluid, and an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe are fixedly connected to both ends of the condenser box, respectively. Both the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe pass through the inside of the condenser box to circulate the heat transfer fluid inside the condenser box. The inlet pipe and the outlet pipe are slidably connected to the top of the dust collector box, and the top ends of the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe are connected through a second circulation device.

9. The waste gas dust removal device for vacuum sintering production as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A fixing ring is provided around the inner cylinder. The inside of the fixing ring is hollow. A first cavity and a second cavity are formed on the fixing ring. The first cavity can cover one end of the vortex tube and the spiral tube, and the second cavity can cover the other end of the vortex tube and the spiral tube. A heat dissipation pipe is provided below the fixing ring. There are two heat dissipation pipes. The top ends of the two heat dissipation pipes are connected to the inside of the first cavity and the second cavity, respectively. The bottom ends of the two heat dissipation pipes are connected to the inlet and outlet of the first circulation device, respectively.

10. A method for removing dust from waste gas in vacuum sintering production, comprising the waste gas dust removal device for vacuum sintering production as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. The sintering exhaust gas is introduced into the lower part of the dust collector from the air inlet on the side of the dust collector. S2. The exhaust gas is treated by passing through the dust removal structure at the bottom of the dust collector. S3. The exhaust gas after dust removal rises to the upper part of the dust removal box and flows through the vortex tube and spiral tube in the inner cylinder. S4. A heat-conducting medium is circulated into the vortex tube and the spiral tube to condense and liquefy the tar gas in the exhaust gas, so that the liquid tar adheres to the surface of the vortex tube and / or the spiral tube. S5. Drive the inner cylinder to rotate, and use the centrifugal force generated by the rotation to throw the liquid tar adhering to the surface of the vortex tube and / or spiral tube to the inner wall of the inner cylinder. S6. Collect the liquid tar that accumulates on the inner wall of the inner cylinder and discharge it through the discharge port at the bottom of the inner cylinder; S7. The purified gas after tar removal is discharged from the air outlet at the top of the dust collector.

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