Mineral jigging separation method and mineral jigging separation device

Abstract

According to the mineral jigging separation method and the mineral jigging separation device, pulsating water flow is injected through a pipeline opening, and a reciprocating pulsating water flow system is formed between stationary phase structures between the pipeline opening and a top discharging opening; mixed minerals are injected from the feeding port and then repeatedly desorbed and adsorbed in the fixed phase structure and the reciprocating pulsating water flow system, due to the difference of the physical properties of the minerals, the movement tracks of the minerals are differentiated, sorting is achieved, first target separated minerals are discharged from the top discharging port, and second target separated minerals are discharged from the bottom discharging port. Pulsating water flow pushes ore pulp to reciprocate in the jigging separation container, so that the ore pulp can move for a long enough distance, and the adsorption and desorption times are ensured to reach the set enough times or more. In the process, even if the mineral with only small difference in physical property is adsorbed and desorbed for more than set enough times, the moving speed and the moving track of the mineral along with the mobile phase are also different, so that all mineral components are completely separated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of mineral processing and separation, specifically to a mineral jigging separation method and a mineral jigging separation device. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of mineral processing and separation equipment, gravity separation technology, as an important means of mineral separation, is widely used in the separation process of various minerals. With the continuous development and utilization of mineral resources, higher requirements are placed on the efficiency, accuracy, and environmental friendliness of mineral separation, especially in the separation of fine-grained minerals (particle size less than 400 mesh) and minerals with small density differences, where there is huge market demand and room for technological improvement.

[0003] Among related technologies, the mainstream gravity separation devices currently include jigs, centrifugal concentrators, spiral sluice gate concentrators, and shaking tables. These devices separate minerals based on differences in their physical properties such as density and particle size, using different water flow movements or centrifugal forces, and can meet the separation requirements of conventional minerals within a certain range.

[0004] However, existing gravity separation methods have obvious limitations, failing to effectively separate fine-grained minerals, and generally exhibiting problems of incomplete or even no separation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a mineral jigging separation method and a mineral jigging separation device, which can solve the technical problem that traditional gravity separation methods are difficult to effectively separate minerals with similar densities and extremely fine (less than 400 mesh) minerals.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a mineral jigging separation method, which includes the following steps: Pulsating water flow is injected into the pipe opening of the jigging separator to form a reciprocating pulsating water flow system between the fixed phase structure between the pipe opening and the top discharge port at the top of the jigging separator. Mixed minerals are injected into the feed inlet located between the pipe opening and the top discharge port, allowing the mixed minerals to be repeatedly distributed in the fixed phase structure and the reciprocating pulsating water flow system; among them, the first target separation mineral is discharged from the top discharge port, and the second target separation mineral is discharged from the bottom discharge port located below the pipe opening.

[0007] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one embodiment, after injecting the mixed minerals into the inlet located between the pipe opening and the top discharge outlet, and allowing the mixed minerals to be repeatedly distributed within the fixed phase structure and the reciprocating water flow system, the method further includes: If the mixed minerals are three minerals with different physical properties, then open the intermediate discharge port located between the feed port and the top discharge port to discharge the third target separated mineral.

[0008] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a mineral jigging separation apparatus suitable for the mineral jigging separation method described in some of the above embodiments, comprising: A jigging separation container has a top discharge port at its top and a bottom discharge port at its bottom. The jigging separation container also has an inlet and a pipe inlet, with the pipe inlet located between the inlet and the bottom discharge port. A stationary phase structure is fixed inside the jigging separation vessel, and the length of the stationary phase structure extends along the interval between the pipe opening and the top discharge opening; The discharge box is connected to the pipe opening by a pipe first, and the discharge box is connected to a pipe second, and the height of the pipe second is higher than the height of the jigging separation container. The action execution cylinder is connected to the side wall of the second pipe.

[0009] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one embodiment, the jigging separation container, the discharge box, the first pipe and the second pipe constitute a set of jigging separation units, and multiple sets of jigging separation units are provided, and the multiple sets of jigging separation units are connected in parallel to the output end of the action execution cylinder.

[0010] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one embodiment, multiple sets of the jigging separation units are spaced apart along the circumferential direction, and the actuation cylinder is located at the center of the multiple sets of the jigging separation units.

[0011] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one embodiment, the first pipeline is equipped with a control valve, the top end of the second pipeline is equipped with a vent valve, and the discharge box is equipped with a lower discharge valve.

[0012] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one embodiment, the fixed phase structure is provided in multiple sets, and the multiple sets of fixed phase structures are distributed in rectangular arrays.

[0013] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one embodiment, the fixed phase structure includes multiple flat plates, with every two flat plates fixedly connected, and the planes containing the two semicircular plates are orthogonally arranged in an X-shape. The two flat plates form a distribution unit, and multiple distribution units are fixedly connected in sequence.

[0014] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one embodiment, the bottom end of the fixed phase structure is fixed to the inside of the jigging separation container via a bracket.

[0015] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one embodiment, the jigging separation container includes multiple unit shells, with a flange connecting every two unit shells, and the multiple unit shells may have the same or different lengths. The unit shell is fixed with fixing frames at intervals along its own circumference.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the technical solutions provided in this application include: When two phases move relative to each other, these substances also move with the mobile phase and undergo repeated distribution (desorption and adsorption) between the two phases. The minerals injected into the jigging separation vessel continuously desorb and adsorb between the stationary phase and the reciprocating mobile phase. After a sufficient number of repeated adsorption and desorption cycles, even minerals with only minor differences in physical properties will exhibit differences in their speed and trajectory as they move with the mobile phase, ultimately leading to complete separation of the mineral components. This is analogous to a long-distance race. Initially, athletes start from the same starting line. Due to differences in their abilities (represented by physical properties), they run a certain distance (represented by the jigging separation vessel), and eventually reach the finish line at different times (mineral separation). For the slurry to undergo a sufficient number of adsorption and desorption cycles in the jigging separation vessel, it needs to move a sufficiently long distance. This device uses pulsed water flow to propel the slurry in reciprocating motion within the jigging separation vessel, achieving this "sufficiently long distance" and thus realizing complete separation of the mineral components. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a mineral jigging separation device; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a mineral jigging separation device; Figure 3 A three-dimensional structural diagram of one embodiment of the fixed structure; Figure 4 A three-dimensional structural diagram of another embodiment of the fixed structure; Figure 5 This is a top view of the bracket structure. Figure 6 A schematic diagram illustrating the pneumatic principle for pushing the actuator cylinder to the right; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the air pressure principle for the actuator cylinder to retract to the left.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Upper receiving trough; 2. Top discharge port; 3. Fixed frame; 4. Jig separation container; 5. Flange; 6. Fixed phase structure; 7. Bracket; 8. Inlet; 9. Lower support one; 10. Bottom discharge port; 11. Lower support two; 12. Lower discharge valve; 13. Discharge box; 14. Control valve; 15. Pipe port; 16. Pipe two; 17. Vent valve; 18. Actuator cylinder; 19. Middle discharge port; 20. Pipe one. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0021] This application provides a mineral jigging separation method and a mineral jigging separation device, which can solve the technical problem that traditional gravity separation methods are difficult to effectively separate when separating minerals with similar densities.

[0022] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, this application provides a mineral jigging separation method, which includes the following steps: Step 1: Inject pulsed water flow into the pipe opening 15 of the jigging separation container 4, so that a reciprocating water flow system is formed between the pipe opening 15 and the fixed phase structure 6 between the top discharge port 2 at the top of the jigging separation container 4. Step 2: Inject the mixed minerals into the feed inlet 8 located between the pipe opening 15 and the top discharge port 2, so that the mixed minerals are repeatedly distributed in the fixed phase structure 6 and the reciprocating water flow system; wherein, the first target separation mineral is discharged from the top discharge port 2, and the second target separation mineral is discharged from the bottom discharge port 10 located below the pipe opening 15.

[0023] In this embodiment, pulsating water is injected through pipe port 15, forming a reciprocating water flow system between the fixed phase structure 6 and the top discharge port 2. After the mixed minerals are injected through the feed port 8, they undergo repeated desorption and adsorption in the fixed phase structure 6 and the reciprocating water flow system. Due to the differences in mineral properties, their movement trajectories are differentiated, thereby achieving separation. Among them, the first target mineral is discharged through the top discharge port 2, and the second target mineral is discharged through the bottom discharge port 10.

[0024] Specifically, based on differences in mineral properties such as particle size and density, different minerals have different partition coefficients in the system composed of the fixed phase structure 6 and the reciprocating mobile phase. The partition coefficient Ki is characterized by the ratio of the concentration Cis of component i in the fixed phase structure 6 to the concentration Cim in the mobile phase. When the two phases move relative to each other, the minerals move with the mobile phase and undergo repeated partitioning between the two phases, i.e., continuous desorption and adsorption. By using pulsed water flow to propel the slurry in the jigging separation container 4, the slurry can be moved a sufficiently long distance to ensure that the number of adsorption and desorption cycles reaches 10ⁿ times (n>6) or more. In this process, even minerals with only slight differences in physical properties will have different speeds and trajectories of movement with the mobile phase after the number of adsorption and desorption cycles reaches 10ⁿ times (n>6), ultimately leading to complete separation of the mineral components. This is similar to how athletes in a long-distance race reach the finish line at different times due to differences in ability, ultimately achieving complete separation of the mineral components.

[0025] Furthermore, by adjusting the flow rate and frequency of the pulsating water flow, the relative motion state of the two phases can be changed, thereby affecting the mineral distribution process in the system, adapting to the separation requirements of minerals with different physical properties, and improving the sorting effect.

[0026] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one implementation, after step two, the following steps may also be included: Step 3: If the mixed minerals are three minerals with different physical properties, open the intermediate discharge port 19 located between the feed port 8 and the top discharge port 2 to discharge the third target separated mineral.

[0027] In this embodiment, if the mixed minerals are three minerals with different physical properties, the intermediate discharge port 19 located between the inlet 8 and the top discharge port 2 can be opened to discharge the third target mineral. After the mixed minerals are injected through the inlet 8, in the fixed phase structure 6 and the reciprocating water flow system, due to the differences in the physical properties (particle size, density, etc.) of the different minerals, their distribution coefficients between the fixed phase structure 6 and the mobile phase are different, and repeated desorption and adsorption will occur as they move with the mobile phase; the action cylinder 18 pushes the slurry to reciprocate in the jigging separation container 4, so that the adsorption and desorption times of the minerals reach 10. nAfter n>6 times or more, the speed and trajectory of minerals with different physical properties moving with the mobile phase gradually become significantly different. Among them, the first target mineral moves upward to the top discharge port 2 and is discharged, the second target mineral moves downward to the bottom discharge port 10 and is discharged, and the trajectory of the mineral with the third physical property is between the above two. It can be discharged by opening the middle discharge port 19, thus achieving effective separation of the three minerals with different physical properties. By adjusting the flow rate and pulsation frequency of the pulsating water flow, it can adapt to the differences in physical properties of the three minerals, ensure the separation effect, improve the applicability of the device to the separation of multi-component minerals, and eliminate the need to add complex structures. While ensuring the separation efficiency, it reduces equipment costs and energy consumption.

[0028] Secondly, such as Figure 1 As shown in the embodiment of this application, a mineral jigging separation device applicable to the mineral jigging separation method mentioned above is provided, comprising: a jigging separation container 4, with a top discharge port 2 at its top end and a bottom discharge port 10 at its bottom end, and the jigging separation container 4 having an inlet port 8 and a pipe port 15, the pipe port 15 being located between the inlet port 8 and the bottom discharge port 10; a fixed phase structure 6, which is fixed inside the jigging separation container 4, the length direction of the fixed phase structure 6 extending along the interval direction between the pipe port 15 and the top discharge port 2; a discharge box 13, which is connected to the pipe port 15 by a first pipe 20, and the discharge box 13 is connected to a second pipe 16, the height of the second pipe 16 being higher than the height of the jigging separation container 4; and an actuation cylinder 18, which is connected to the side wall of the second pipe 16.

[0029] In this embodiment, the jigging separation container 4 has a top discharge port 2 at its top and a bottom discharge port 10 at its bottom. The inlet 8 is located in its middle section, and the pipe opening 15 is located between the inlet 8 and the bottom discharge port 10. The fixed phase structure 6 is fixed inside the jigging separation container 4, and its length extends along the interval between the pipe opening 15 and the top discharge port 2. The discharge box 13 is connected to the pipe opening 15 via pipe one 20, and pipe two 16 is connected to the discharge box 13 and is higher than the jigging separation container 4. The actuation cylinder 18 is connected to the side wall of pipe two 16, generating pulsating water flow through its reciprocating motion. During device operation, such as... Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, the actuator cylinder 18 drives the air pressure change in pipe 2 16, causing the liquid in the discharge box 13 to form a reciprocating water flow system in the jigging separation container 4 through pipe 1 20 and pipe outlet 15. After the mixed minerals are injected through the feed inlet 8, they undergo repeated desorption and adsorption in the fixed phase structure 6 and water flow system due to differences in the distribution coefficient. As they move back and forth with the water flow, the movement trajectories of minerals with different physical properties are differentiated, and they are discharged from the top discharge outlet 2 and the bottom discharge outlet 10 respectively. The height setting of pipe 2 16 can prevent the backflow slurry from entering the actuator cylinder 18. Mineral separation is achieved through the combination of fixed phase structure and pulsating water flow. It has a small footprint, does not require complex media, reduces energy consumption and cost, and is suitable for the separation of fine particles and minerals with small differences in physical properties.

[0030] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one embodiment, the jigging separation container 4, the discharge box 13, the first pipe 20 and the second pipe 16 constitute a jigging separation unit. Multiple jigging separation units are provided, and the multiple jigging separation units are connected in parallel to the output end of the action execution cylinder 18.

[0031] In this embodiment, the jigging separation container 4, the discharge box 13, the first pipe 20, and the second pipe 16 constitute a jigging separation unit. The jigging separation unit is set in multiple groups, and the multiple groups of jigging separation units are connected in parallel to the output end of the action execution cylinder 18. In each group, the jigging separation container 4 has a top discharge port 2 at the top and a bottom discharge port 10 at the bottom. The inlet port 8 is opened in the middle section. The pipe port 15 is located between the inlet port 8 and the bottom discharge port 10. The fixed phase structure 6 is fixed inside the jigging separation container 4 and extends along the interval direction between the pipe port 15 and the top discharge port 2. The discharge box 13 is connected to the pipe port 15 through the first pipe 20. The second pipe 16 is connected to the discharge box 13 and is higher than the jigging separation container 4. When multiple jigging separation units are connected in parallel, the pulsating water flow generated by the actuator cylinder 18 acts synchronously on the corresponding discharge box 13 through each pipe 2 16, causing the liquid to form a reciprocating water flow system in each jigging separation container 4 through pipe 1 20 and pipe outlet 15. After the mixed minerals are injected through each group's inlet 8, they undergo repeated desorption and adsorption in the fixed phase structure 6 and water flow system due to differences in the distribution coefficient. As the water flows back and forth, the movement trajectories of minerals with different physical properties differentiate, and they are discharged through the top discharge port 2 and bottom discharge port 10 of each group. The height setting of pipe 2 16 can prevent backflow slurry from entering the actuator cylinder 18. The mineral processing capacity is increased by connecting multiple units in parallel, and the separation effect is guaranteed by the cooperation of the fixed phase structure 6 and the pulsating water flow. The overall structure is compact, requires no complex media, reduces energy consumption and cost, and is suitable for the separation of large quantities of fine particles and minerals with small differences in physical properties.

[0032] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one implementation method, such as Figure 2 As shown, multiple jigging separation units are distributed at intervals along the circumference, and the actuation cylinder 18 is located at the center of the multiple jigging separation units.

[0033] In this embodiment, multiple sets of units distributed in a circle increase the mineral processing capacity, and the sorting effect is ensured by the cooperation of the fixed phase structure 6 and the pulsating water flow. The overall layout is compact, reducing the floor space, eliminating the need for complex media, reducing energy consumption and cost, and adapting to the separation of a large number of fine-grained minerals with small differences in physical properties.

[0034] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one implementation method, such as Figure 1 As shown, a control valve 14 is installed on pipe 1 20, and a vent valve 17 is installed at the top of pipe 2 16; a lower discharge valve 12 is installed on discharge box 13.

[0035] In this embodiment, during device operation, the actuator 18 drives the change in air pressure within pipe 2 16. The vent valve 17 adjusts the air pressure, causing the liquid in the discharge box 13 to form a reciprocating water flow system within the jigging separation container 4 via pipe 1 20 and pipe outlet 15. After the mixed minerals are injected through the inlet 8, they undergo repeated desorption and adsorption in the fixed phase structure 6 and the water flow system due to differences in the distribution coefficient. As the pulsating water flow reciprocates, the movement trajectories of minerals with different physical properties differentiate, and they are discharged from the top discharge port 2 and the bottom discharge port 10, respectively. During short-term maintenance, closing the control valve 14 can prevent the material in the jigging separation container 4 from being emptied. The lower discharge valve 12 is used to discharge the minerals separated at the bottom. The height setting of pipe 2 16 can prevent backflow slurry from entering the actuator 18. Mineral separation is achieved through the cooperation of various valves and the action of the fixed phase structure 6 and the pulsating water flow. The structure is compact, the operation is convenient, no complex media are required, energy consumption and cost are reduced, and it is suitable for the separation of fine particles and minerals with small differences in physical properties.

[0036] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one implementation method, such as Figure 4 As shown, the fixed phase structure 6 is provided in multiple sets, and the multiple sets of fixed phase structures 6 are arranged in a rectangular array along the X-axis and Y-axis directions of the horizontal plane.

[0037] In this embodiment, multiple sets of stationary phase structures 6 are distributed in a rectangular array, which can increase the contact area and action sites between the minerals and the stationary phase structures 6 in the jigging separation container 4. This allows the minerals to undergo more thorough desorption and adsorption in the reciprocating water flow system, enhancing the degree of manifestation of the differences in the distribution coefficients of minerals with different physical properties. This, in turn, strengthens the differentiation effect of the movement trajectory and improves the sorting accuracy and efficiency. In particular, for fine-grained minerals with small differences in physical properties, more thorough separation can be achieved through more distribution processes.

[0038] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one implementation method, such as Figure 3 As shown, the fixed phase structure 6 includes multiple flat plates, with each pair of flat plates fixedly connected. The planes containing the two semicircular plates are orthogonally arranged in an X-shape. The two flat plates form a distribution unit, and multiple distribution units are fixedly connected in sequence.

[0039] In this embodiment, the stationary phase structure 6 includes multiple flat plates. Every two flat plates are fixedly connected and their planes are orthogonally arranged in an X-shape to form a distribution unit. Multiple distribution units are fixedly connected in sequence. When the device is running, the X-shaped distribution unit and the multiple sequentially connected structures can form a more complex flow field environment in the stationary phase structure 6 and the reciprocating water flow system, increasing the contact angle and frequency of action between the minerals and the stationary phase. This makes the desorption and adsorption processes of minerals with different physical properties more complete, and the differences in their distribution coefficients are more significantly reflected. The differentiation of the movement trajectory during the reciprocating motion with the water flow is more obvious, improving the sorting effect and adapting to the separation needs of fine-grained minerals with small differences in physical properties. The structural design is adapted to the repeated distribution needs of the mineral sorting process, ensuring sorting efficiency and accuracy.

[0040] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one embodiment, the bottom end of the fixed phase structure 6 is fixed to the inside of the jigging separation container 4 via a bracket 7.

[0041] In this embodiment, the bottom end of the stationary phase structure 6 is fixed inside the jigging separation container 4 via a bracket 7. The bracket 7 provides reliable support for the stationary phase structure 6, ensuring that it remains stable under the repeated action of the reciprocating water flow system and minerals. This prevents the stationary phase structure 6 from shifting or deforming due to water flow impact and mineral collision, thereby ensuring a stable distribution environment between the stationary phase structure 6 and the mobile phase. This allows minerals to be desorbed and adsorbed according to their physical property differences in the preset flow field, maintaining the consistency of the movement trajectory differentiation, ensuring the stability of the separation effect, and adapting to the stability requirements of the stationary phase structure in the separation process of fine-grained minerals with small physical property differences.

[0042] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one embodiment, the jigging separation container 4 includes multiple unit shells, with a flange 5 connecting every two unit shells, and the multiple unit shells may have the same or different lengths; the unit shells are fixed with a fixing frame 3 at intervals along their own circumference.

[0043] In this embodiment, multiple unit shells are connected by flanges 5, which can flexibly adjust the overall length of the jigging separation container 4 according to actual sorting requirements, adapt to the sorting distance required for different minerals, and facilitate the production, transportation, and maintenance of each unit. The fixed frames 3, which are fixed at intervals along the circumference of the unit shells, can enhance the stability of the overall structure of the container, keep it stable under the action of pulsating water flow and minerals, avoid deformation due to force, ensure the stability of the internal fixed phase structure 6 and the flow field environment, ensure the regularity of the movement trajectory differentiation of minerals during repeated desorption and adsorption, and improve the reliability of the sorting effect.

[0044] In summary, the following is a complete description of the mineral jigging separation device: like Figure 2As shown, the mineral jigging separation device includes three identical jigging separation containers 4, three identical discharge boxes 13, and one actuation cylinder 18; the three identical jigging separation containers 4 form a circle, and the centers of each jigging separation container 4 are connected to form an equilateral triangle, with the actuation cylinder 18 located at the center of the equilateral triangle.

[0045] Among them, the jigging separation container 4 (such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes: an upper receiving trough 1, a top discharge port 2, a fixing frame 3, a flange 5, a fixing phase structure 6, a bracket 7, a feed port 8, a lower support 9, and a bottom discharge port 10, with a discharge valve for maintenance installed at the bottom discharge port 10.

[0046] The jigging separation container 4 is about 3 to 7 meters long and is composed of multiple unit shells of equal or unequal length, with a diameter of 1 to 3 meters, which are connected by flanges 5.

[0047] The upper receiving trough is located above the jigging separation container 4, with a diameter of approximately 1.2 to 3.2 meters. This can be adjusted as needed, but the diameter must be larger than that of the jigging separation container 4.

[0048] Among them, the top discharge port 2 is the pipe interface on the upper receiving trough 1, and the diameter is generally 0.1~0.2 meters, which is adjusted according to the actual discharge flow rate.

[0049] The fixing frame 3 is welded to the front, back, left and right sides of the jigging separation container 4 and fixed to the platform with anchor bolts. The fixing frame 3 can be added or removed according to the site conditions during actual installation.

[0050] The flange 5 is installed in each jigging separation container 4, and its size is determined by the diameter of the jigging separation container 4.

[0051] Among them, the fixed phase structure 6 is as follows Figure 3 As shown, the device is formed by welding semi-circular thin sheets at a 45° angle to form a grid, which is then placed on the bracket 7 (as shown). Figure 5 (As shown); the height and size of the stationary phase structure 6 are determined by the height and diameter of the jigging separation container 4; the shape of the stationary phase structure 6 is not limited to a semi-circle (such as a square or long arc shape), and its shape is changed according to the mineral properties.

[0052] Among them, the feed port 8 is the pipe interface in the middle section of the jigging separation container 4, and its diameter is generally 0.1~0.2 meters. Its size and position are adjusted according to the actual mineral feed flow rate.

[0053] The intermediate discharge port 19 is located between the feed port 8 and the upper discharge port 2, and its diameter is generally 0.1 to 0.2 meters. Its size and position are adjusted according to the actual sorting position and flow rate of the third type of ore being separated.

[0054] Among them, the lower support 9 of the jigging separation container 4 is a triangular support used to support the jigging separation container 4 at the bottom. The specific size is determined according to the jigging separation container 4 and the site.

[0055] The discharge valve installed at the bottom discharge port 10 for maintenance has its flange connected to the bottom of the jigging separation container 4.

[0056] Among them, the lower support 11 is installed at the bottom of the discharge box 13, the lower discharge valve 12 is installed at the discharge port at the bottom of the discharge box 13, the control valve 14 is installed on the pipe 20, the pipe 20 connects the jigging separation container 4 and the discharge box 13, the pipe 16 connects to the top of the discharge box 13, and the vent valve 17 is installed at the top of the pipe 16.

[0057] Among them, the lower support 11 is a triangular support used to support the discharge box 13, and the specific size is determined according to the discharge box 13 and the site.

[0058] The lower discharge valve 12 is flanged and connected to the bottom of the discharge box 13.

[0059] Among them, the discharge box 13 is a smaller volume box, and its size and shape can be changed according to actual needs.

[0060] The diameter of the pipe 20 connecting the jigging separation container 4 and the discharge box 13 is generally 0.1 to 0.2 meters.

[0061] The control valve 14 is flanged and connected to the pipe 20 between the jigging separation container 4 and the discharge box 13. When troubleshooting, the valve can be closed so that the material in the jigging separation container 4 is not emptied.

[0062] Among them, pipe 2 16 is the pipe above the discharge box 13. The flange connects the discharge box 13 and the action cylinder 18. During installation, pipe 2 16 should be 1 to 2 meters higher than the jigging separation container 4 to prevent the backflow slurry from entering the action cylinder 18.

[0063] Among them, the vent valve 17 is flanged and connected to the uppermost end of the second pipe 16. When the vent valve 17 is opened, it can be connected to the atmosphere.

[0064] Among them, the action execution cylinder 18 drives the cylinder to move back and forth to generate pulsating water flow through electric, hydraulic or drive means.

[0065] Separation Principle: The actuator cylinder 18 propels the slurry in a reciprocating motion within the jigging separation vessel 4. Different substances have different distribution coefficients in the two-phase flow, expressed as follows:

[0066] In the formula, K i —Partition coefficient of component i, C is—Concentration of component i in the stationary phase, C im —The concentration of component i in the mobile phase; Different minerals have different partition coefficients in the system consisting of the stationary phase structure 6 and the reciprocating flowing phase (liquid), thus achieving separation. When the two phases move relative to each other, these substances also move with the flowing phase and undergo repeated partitioning (desorption and adsorption) between the two phases. The minerals injected into the jigging separation vessel 4 are continuously desorbed and adsorbed between the stationary phase structure 6 and the reciprocating flowing phase. Because the partition coefficients of different substances in the minerals are different, repeated adsorption and desorption reach 10... n After n>6 times or more, minerals with only minor differences in physical properties will exhibit differences in their speed and trajectory of movement with the mobile phase, ultimately leading to complete separation of the mineral components. This is analogous to a long-distance race where athletes start from the same starting line. Due to differences in the athletes' (represented by the minerals') abilities (represented by their physical properties), after running a certain distance (represented by the jigging separation container 4), they reach the finish line at different times (mineral separation).

[0067] To ensure that the slurry undergoes a sufficient number of adsorption and desorption cycles in the jigging separation container 4, it needs to travel a sufficiently long distance within the container. This device achieves this "sufficiently long travel distance" by using an actuator cylinder 18 to propel the slurry in a reciprocating motion within the jigging separation container 4.

[0068] Specifically, before operation, open the vent valve 17 and add water to each jigging separation container 4 through the feed inlet 8, such as... Figure 7 As shown, the liquid levels on both sides of each jigging separation container 4 and pipeline 2 16 are the same, both being H2. At this time, when the vent valve 17 is closed, the air pressure above the liquid level in pipeline 2 16 is atmospheric pressure P0. Next, slurry is added through inlet 8, the actuator 18 is activated, the vent valve 17 is closed, the cylinder is pushed to the right, and compressed air is pushed into pipe 2 16, increasing the air pressure above the liquid surface in pipe 2 16, thereby pushing the liquid downwards. Figure 6 As shown, let the liquid height in pipe 16 be H1, the pressure above the liquid be P1, the molten ore in jigging separation container 4 flows upward and overflows from the top, carrying the separated minerals from the top and discharging them from the top discharge port 2. The left and right ends satisfy the equation P1=P0+ρg(H-H1), where P1 is the maximum gas pressure of the compressed gas in pipe 16, ρ is the liquid density, and g is the acceleration due to gravity. The cylinder moves back to the left, opening the vent valve 17, which reduces the gas pressure above the liquid surface in pipe 16, causing the liquid to flow back upward. The molten ore in jigging separation container 4 flows downward until the liquid levels on both sides are equal. At this time, the pressure on the liquid surface on both sides returns to atmospheric pressure P0. The action cylinder 18 reciprocates, which generates a pulsating water flow in jigging separation container 4. Then, the speed at which the action cylinder 18 pushes to the right is faster than the speed at which the action cylinder 18 retracts to the left, and when the action cylinder 18 pushes to the right, water flows from pipe 20 into the jigging separation container 4. Each pulse of water flow causes the upper separated minerals to move upward a certain distance. After completing a certain cycle of reciprocating motion, the action cylinder 18 stops running, closes the control valve 14, opens the vent valve 17 and the lower discharge valve 12, and discharges the bottom separated minerals. Finally, after all the separated minerals at the bottom have been drained, repeat the above steps.

[0069] A valve is installed at the intermediate discharge port 19 to discharge the third type of sorted mineral as needed for production. When the device is running, the discharge valve installed at the bottom discharge port 10 and used for maintenance is closed. During maintenance, the discharge valve is opened to discharge the slurry in the jigging separation container 4. When maintaining the discharge box 13 and the action cylinder 18, the control valve 14 is closed so that the material in the jigging separation container 4 does not need to be emptied.

[0070] Among them, the compressed air pressure in the control pipeline 16 is ≤P1 to prevent the backflow slurry from entering the actuator cylinder 18 and causing wear and damage to the actuator cylinder 18.

[0071] Among them, the design of pipe 16 is higher than the jig separation container 4 by a certain height h, which effectively prevents the slurry from entering the action cylinder 18 when it is pumped back.

[0072] In addition, a heavy medium cyclone separator and a mineral jigging separation device provided in the embodiments of this application are provided here for on-site phosphate ore beneficiation tests.

[0073] Process requirements: Total yield > 70%, total recovery rate > 85%, total concentrate grade > 28%, tailings concentrate < 10%.

[0074] Using the jigging separation container 4 provided in this application embodiment, factory personnel and analytical testing instruments and equipment, the separation results were analyzed, and the results are shown in Table 1.

[0075]

[0076] Table 1 The total product yield is 28.02%, with a 70.22% output, a 87.41% recovery rate, and 9.52% tailings. This fully meets the process requirements, and the treatment effect has reached and exceeded the separation level of currently widely used heavy media hydrocyclones. This application describes a crushing-screening (high-frequency vibrating screen)-mineral jigging separation device (using water as the medium), using mountain ore and water without adding any other media. Water treatment and reuse are easy, making it an environmentally friendly mineral processing method. Heavy media hydrocyclones, on the other hand, involve crushing and screening, heavy media (magnetite concentrate), hydrocyclone separation, magnetic separator desliming (both concentrate and tailings require desliming), and water treatment and reuse. However, discharge is difficult (containing heavy metals), leading to environmental pollution. Replacing heavy media hydrocyclones with mineral jigging separation technology can save 60% on construction costs and 50% on operating costs for mineral processing plants.

[0077] In addition, the mineral jigging separation device provided in this embodiment of the application is used to process quartz tailings.

[0078] Background: River sand dredging alters the riverbed morphology, thus changing the river's hydrological patterns and creating complex flow patterns such as eddies and backflows. These fluid phenomena affect sediment deposition or erosion, further impacting the riverbed, embankments, and sandbars over a wider area, thereby affecting the safety of riverbanks, bridges, and navigation channels. Therefore, unauthorized river sand dredging is prohibited, especially in sections near bridges and critical embankments. The state has explicitly banned river sand dredging. This impacts the quartz sand market. There is demand and a market for recovering quartz sand from quartz mine tailings and quartz beneficiation tailings. There is also a market for separating quartz sand from urban construction waste or other tailings, such as fluorite mine tailings.

[0079] The main components of the quartz tailings are quartz and clay, with the original ore containing approximately 80% quartz. The tailings were sieved using a 500-mesh standard sieve: 41.55% were above 500 mesh, and 58.45% were below 500 mesh. Process requirements: concentrate grade 95%, whiteness 50%, with no specific requirements for overall yield.

[0080] Here, the mineral jigging separation device provided in the embodiments of this application was used to analyze samples with a mesh size of 500 or larger. The factory personnel and analytical testing instruments and equipment were used to perform the analysis, and the results are shown in Table 2.

[0081]

[0082] Table 2 Particle size analysis of the tailings showed that over 95% were below 500 mesh, making them difficult to separate using other gravity separation devices. The concentrate grade was 97.68%, and the whiteness was 51.1%, fully meeting the process requirements. Mixing this portion of tailings with fine-grained quartz tailings below 500 mesh, selectively flocculating it, and then separating it using the mineral jigging separation device provided in this application embodiment, the overall yield can reach over 50% while ensuring a concentrate grade of 95%. It can be fully used for the separation of fine-grained minerals above 500 mesh.

[0083] Additionally, this is used here as an alternative to spiral chute processing for ilmenite, provided in the embodiments of this application for mineral jigging separation.

[0084] Background: When using gravity separation (spiral sluice) + magnetic separation to process ilmenite, the final concentrate grade can be reduced to 48%. If it is desired to increase the titanium concentrate grade to 50% or higher, it is necessary to purchase high-grade titanium concentrate for blending, which greatly increases the cost, thereby improving the smelting quality.

[0085] The jigging separation container 4 provided in this application embodiment was analyzed by factory personnel and analytical testing equipment, as shown in Table 3.

[0086]

[0087] Table 3 In an experiment, the mineral jigging separation device provided in this application improved the grade of the original concentrate by 4.72%, with TiO2% reaching 50.89%. It eliminates the need for ore blending, greatly reducing costs and improving smelting quality.

[0088] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application. Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0089] It should be noted that in this application, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0090] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement this application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this application. Therefore, this application is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.

Claims

1. A method for jigging and separating minerals, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Pulsed water flow is injected into the pipe opening (15) of the jigging separation container (4) to form a reciprocating pulsating water flow system between the fixed phase structure (6) between the pipe opening (15) and the top discharge port (2) at the top of the jigging separation container (4); The feed inlet (8) located between the pipe opening (15) and the top discharge port (2) injects mixed minerals, so that the mixed minerals are repeatedly distributed in the fixed phase structure (6) and the reciprocating pulsating water flow system; wherein, the first target separation mineral is discharged from the top discharge port (2), and the second target separation mineral is discharged from the bottom discharge port (10) located below the pipe opening (15).

2. The mineral jigging separation method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, After the mixed minerals are injected into the inlet (8) located between the pipe opening (15) and the top discharge port (2), and after the mixed minerals are repeatedly distributed in the fixed phase structure (6) and the reciprocating water flow system, the process further includes: If the mixed minerals are three minerals with different physical properties, then open the intermediate discharge port (19) located between the feed port (8) and the top discharge port (2) to discharge the third target separated mineral.

3. A mineral jigging separation apparatus suitable for the mineral jigging separation method as described in any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that, It includes: The jigging separation container (4) has a top discharge port (2) at its top and a bottom discharge port (10) at its bottom. The jigging separation container (4) also has an inlet port (8) and a pipe port (15), with the pipe port (15) located between the inlet port (8) and the bottom discharge port (10). A fixed phase structure (6) is fixed inside the jigging separation container (4), and the length direction of the fixed phase structure (6) extends along the interval direction between the pipe opening (15) and the top discharge port (2); The discharge box (13) is connected to the pipe opening (15) by a pipe first (20), and the discharge box (13) is connected to a pipe second (16), and the height of the pipe second (16) is higher than the height of the jigging separation container (4); The action execution cylinder (18) is connected to the side wall of the second pipe (16).

4. The mineral jigging separation apparatus of the mineral jigging separation method as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The jigging separation container (4), the discharge box (13), the first pipe (20) and the second pipe (16) constitute a jigging separation unit. Multiple jigging separation units are provided, and the multiple jigging separation units are connected in parallel to the output end of the action execution cylinder (18).

5. The mineral jigging separation apparatus of the mineral jigging separation method as described in claim 4, characterized in that, Multiple sets of the jigging separation units are distributed at intervals along the circumference, and the action execution cylinder (18) is located at the center of the multiple sets of the jigging separation units.

6. The mineral jigging separation apparatus of the mineral jigging separation method as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The first pipe (20) is equipped with a control valve (14), and the top of the second pipe (16) is equipped with a vent valve (17); the discharge box (13) is equipped with a lower discharge valve (12).

7. The mineral jigging separation apparatus of the mineral jigging separation method as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The fixed phase structure (6) is provided in multiple sets, and the multiple sets of the fixed phase structure (6) are distributed in a rectangular array.

8. The mineral jigging separation apparatus of the mineral jigging separation method as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The fixed phase structure (6) includes multiple flat plates, with each pair of flat plates fixedly connected, and the planes on which the two semicircular plates are located are orthogonally arranged in an X-shape. The two flat plates form a distribution unit, and multiple distribution units are fixedly connected in sequence.

9. The mineral jigging separation apparatus of the mineral jigging separation method as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The bottom end of the fixed phase structure (6) is fixed inside the jigging separation container (4) via a bracket (7).

10. The mineral jigging separation apparatus of the mineral jigging separation method as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The jigging separation container (4) includes multiple unit shells, with a flange (5) connecting every two unit shells, and the lengths of the multiple unit shells may be the same or different. The unit shell is fixed with a fixing frame (3) at intervals along its own circumference.

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