Multi-beam laser wire powder coaxial combined machining head

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of additive machining equipment, and discloses a multi-beam laser wire powder coaxial combined machining head which comprises a combined wire powder simultaneous feeding head, a mounting base and a plurality of laser output heads, the combined wire powder simultaneous feeding head is mounted in the middle of the mounting base, and the laser output heads are mounted on the periphery of the mounting base respectively. The laser output head comprises a guide-in shaping unit and a guide output unit, the guide-in shaping unit is arranged in the wire feeding direction of the composite wire powder co-feeding head, and the guide output unit is arranged on the outer side of the light emitting end of the guide-in shaping unit so that the irradiation direction of a laser beam from the guide-in shaping unit can be changed; the laser beams are converged on the wire and powder feeding path of the composite wire and powder simultaneous feeding head, and the influence of splashing powder on the laser output head can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of laser additive manufacturing equipment, specifically to a multi-beam laser wire powder coaxial composite processing head. Background Technology

[0002] Laser additive manufacturing is a technology that uses the energy contained in a laser to melt additive materials and attach them to the base material of a workpiece, or to gradually accumulate additive materials for workpiece processing. Broadly speaking, additive manufacturing includes 3D printing, cladding, and welding. In the additive manufacturing process, a laser typically irradiates the base material, forming a molten pool. Additive powder and / or filaments are then melted into this pool, and the resulting solid structure is formed after the molten pool solidifies. To increase the energy of the laser irradiation or to enhance the absorption of the laser by the base material, multiple laser output heads are usually used to irradiate the base material simultaneously.

[0003] When using multiple laser output heads, it is necessary for the laser beams from all the output heads to irradiate the same location on the substrate material. This ensures that the energy contained in the laser beams is superimposed on the substrate material, improving the heating effect. Therefore, multiple laser output heads are typically distributed around the wire / powder feeding mechanism of the processing head, with the emitting ends of the laser output heads tilted towards the wire / powder feeding path. This ensures that the laser beams from multiple output heads converge on the wire / powder feeding path, guaranteeing that the additive material is delivered to the molten pool formed by the laser irradiation on the substrate material, where it melts to achieve additive processing.

[0004] In existing multi-beam laser additive manufacturing heads, the input and output ends of the laser output head are typically aligned on the same straight line. The tilted arrangement of the laser head causes the input ends of multiple laser output heads to form a circle with a relatively large diameter, increasing the space occupied by the additive manufacturing head. During laser additive manufacturing, the substrate material generates splattered powder during high-temperature processing. Some of this powder flies towards the output end of the laser output head, contaminating the protective lens and potentially damaging it, thus affecting the laser beam output. Increasing the distance between the input end of the laser output head and the molten pool of the substrate material reduces the chance of powder splattering onto the protective lens, but this further increases the diameter of the circumscribed circle of the input end of the laser output head, further increasing the space occupied by the multi-beam laser additive manufacturing head. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To reduce the impact of splattered powder on the laser output head, this application provides a multi-beam laser wire-powder coaxial composite processing head.

[0006] The multi-beam laser wire-to-powder coaxial composite machining head provided in this application adopts the following technical solution: A multi-beam laser coaxial composite processing head for wire and powder includes a composite wire and powder feeding head, a mounting base, and multiple laser output heads. The composite wire and powder feeding head is mounted in the middle of the mounting base, and the multiple laser output heads are respectively mounted on the outer periphery of the mounting base. Each laser output head includes an inlet shaping unit and a guide output unit. The inlet shaping unit is arranged along the wire feeding direction of the composite wire and powder feeding head, and the guide output unit is arranged outside the light-emitting end of the inlet shaping unit to change the irradiation direction of the laser beam from the inlet shaping unit, so that the laser beam is focused on the wire and powder feeding path of the composite wire and powder feeding head.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, and utilizing the guiding and shaping unit arranged along the feeding direction of the composite filament powder feeder, the light-incident end of the guiding and shaping unit and the input laser connector plugged into the guiding and shaping unit can be located on the same diameter circumcircle, thus ensuring that the length of the laser input and shaping optical path does not increase the space occupied. By utilizing the guiding output unit located outside the light-emitting end of the guiding and shaping unit, the laser beam can be redirected closer to the molten pool, resulting in a shorter optical path length in the inclined section of the laser beam. With the same inclination angle, the circumcircle diameter of the laser output head is smaller, allowing the light-emitting end of the guiding output unit to be positioned further away from the molten pool, reducing the probability of molten powder splashing from the molten pool affecting the light-emitting end of the guiding output unit.

[0008] In one specific implementation, the shaping unit includes an optical fiber connector, a collimating lens group, and a focusing lens group. The optical fiber connector is adapted to connect to a laser optical fiber plug and can adjust the distance between itself and the collimating lens group. The collimating lens group is disposed opposite to the optical fiber connector. The focusing lens group is disposed on the side of the collimating lens group away from the optical fiber connector, and the optical axis of the focusing lens group is on the same straight line as the optical axis of the collimating lens group.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution and utilizing the fiber optic connector located on the laser guide plug, the entire laser guide plug can be positioned on a circumscribed circle of the same diameter, thus ensuring that the length of the laser guide plug does not increase the space occupied by the laser output head. Using the collimating lens group and focusing lens group located inside the guide plug, the laser beam guided by the laser guide plug can be collimated and focused respectively. This ensures that the collimated and focused optical path of a longer laser beam is located parallel to the direction of the composite wire powder feeding head, avoiding an increase in the space occupied by the laser output head due to a longer collimated and focused optical path.

[0010] In one specific implementation scheme, the shaping unit includes an interface sliding sleeve, an interface fixing sleeve, an interface adjusting sleeve, a shaping mounting sleeve, a shaping sealing sleeve, and an interface connecting sleeve. The fiber optic connector is located at one end of the interface sliding sleeve, and the other end of the interface sliding sleeve is slidably connected to the interface fixing sleeve. One end of the interface adjusting sleeve is rotatably connected to the interface fixing sleeve, and the other end is threadedly connected to the interface sliding sleeve. The shaping mounting sleeve is fitted onto the end of the interface fixing sleeve. The collimating lens group and the focusing lens group are located in the cavity of the shaping mounting sleeve. The shaping sealing sleeve is fitted onto the outside of the shaping mounting sleeve. One end of the interface connecting sleeve is rotatably connected to the interface fixing sleeve, and the other end is threadedly connected to the shaping sealing sleeve. The shaping sealing sleeve is sealed to the guide output unit.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, an interface adjustment sleeve, with one end rotatably connected to the interface fixing sleeve and the other end threadedly connected to the interface sliding sleeve, allows the interface sliding sleeve to slide within the fixing sleeve. This adjusts the distance between the light-emitting end of the laser guide plug and the collimating lens assembly, thereby adjusting the collimation effect of the laser beam guided by the laser guide plug. The interface connecting sleeve, with one end rotatably connected to the interface fixing sleeve and the other end threadedly connected to the shaping and sealing sleeve, facilitates a detachable connection between the interface fixing sleeve, the shaping and sealing sleeve, and the shaping and mounting sleeve. This allows for easy maintenance and replacement of the collimating and focusing lens assemblies installed in the shaping and mounting sleeve.

[0012] In one specific implementation, the guiding output unit includes a shaping unit interface, a steering reflector, an adjusting reflector, and a laser output port. The import shaping unit is connected to the shaping unit interface, and the steering reflector is disposed opposite to the shaping unit interface so as to reflect the laser beam from the import shaping unit toward the adjusting reflector. The adjusting reflector is disposed opposite to the steering reflector and the laser output port, so that the laser beam from the steering reflector is reflected by the adjusting reflector and then emitted through the laser output port.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the steering reflector and adjustment reflector set in the guide output unit can reflect the laser beam after it has been shaped by the shaping unit, so that the laser beam is tilted and irradiated from a position closer to the substrate material and further out to the direction of the composite filament powder feeding head. This can extend the distance between the laser output port and the laser beam convergence point without increasing the space occupation.

[0014] In one specific implementation, the guiding output unit includes a guiding unit housing, an adjusting mirror mounting base, and a mounting base adjustment mechanism. The shaping unit interface and the laser output port are disposed on the guiding unit housing, and a protective lens is disposed at the laser output port. The guiding unit housing also has a reflector mounting hole and a mounting base hole. A reflector mounting plate is sealed and fixed at the reflector mounting hole, and the reflector mounting plate presses and fixes the steering reflector to the guiding unit housing. An adjusting mounting plate is sealed and fixed at the mounting base hole. The adjusting mirror mounting base is mounted on the adjusting mounting plate and located inside the guiding unit housing. The adjusting reflector is fixed on the adjusting mirror mounting base. The mounting base adjustment mechanism is mounted on the side of the adjusting mounting plate opposite to the adjusting mirror mounting base and can adjust the installation angle of the adjusting mirror mounting base on the adjusting mounting plate.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the reflector mounting plate, which is sealed and fixed at the reflector mounting hole, allows for convenient installation and replacement of the steering reflector. The adjusting mirror mounting base and mounting base adjustment mechanism, respectively installed on opposite sides of the adjusting mounting plate, allow for adjustment of the tilt state of the adjusting mirror mounting base, thereby adjusting the tilt state of the adjusting reflector fixed on the adjusting mirror mounting base. This ensures that the direction of the laser beam reflected by the adjusting reflector is aligned with a predetermined position on the composite filament powder feeding path of the feed head. A protective lens located at the laser output port isolates the internal and external environments of the laser output port, preventing dust from the external environment from entering the guide unit housing and contaminating the laser reflector and lens.

[0016] In one specific implementation, the end of the adjusting mirror mounting base is provided with multiple tension spring grooves, in which mounting base tension springs are provided. One end of the mounting base tension spring is connected to the bottom area of ​​the tension spring groove, and the other end is connected to the adjusting mounting plate. A positioning ball socket is provided at the corner of the top surface of the adjusting mirror mounting base, and positioning grooves are provided at the two corners adjacent to the positioning ball socket. The two positioning grooves point to the positioning ball socket and are perpendicular to each other. The mounting base adjustment mechanism includes an adjusting bolt and a locking nut. The adjusting bolt is threaded to the adjusting mounting plate, and its end passes through the adjusting mounting plate and abuts against the positioning ball socket or positioning groove. The locking nut is screwed onto the adjusting bolt on the outside of the adjusting mounting plate.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, using the mounting spring connected between the end of the adjusting mirror mounting base and the adjusting mounting plate, and the adjusting bolt threaded to the adjusting mounting plate and with its end abutting against the end of the adjusting mirror mounting base, the tilt state of the adjusting mirror mounting base can be adjusted by rotating different adjusting bolts, thereby adjusting the direction of the laser beam reflected by the adjusting mirror.

[0018] In one specific implementation scheme, the adjusting mounting plate is provided with a sealing detection hole, and a detection sealing cover and an adjusting mechanism cover are provided on the outer side of the adjusting mounting plate. The detection sealing cover is fixed around the sealing detection hole on the adjusting mounting plate. The detection sealing cover is provided with a pressurized gas interface and a cooling water interface. The pressurized gas interface is connected to the internal space of the detection sealing cover. The adjusting mirror mounting base is provided with a cooling water flow channel inside. The cooling water flow channel is connected to the cooling water interface through a cooling water pipe. The adjusting mechanism cover is fixed to the outside of the adjusting mechanism of the mounting base on the adjusting mounting plate.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the adjustment mechanism cover installed on the mounting base adjustment mechanism can isolate the mounting base adjustment mechanism from the external space, preventing external structures from interfering with the mounting base adjustment mechanism during processing. Using the detection sealing cover located at the sealing detection hole and the pressurized gas interface on the detection sealing cover, pressurized gas can be injected into the guide unit housing, creating a positive pressure environment inside the guide unit housing to prevent dust from the external environment from entering. This also detects the leakage of the guide unit housing and the connected guide shaping unit, promptly identifying damage to structures such as the protective lens, focusing lens group, and collimating lens group. Using the cooling water interface on the detection sealing cover, circulating cooling water can be injected into the cooling water channel inside the adjustment mirror mounting base to cool the adjustment mirror mounting base and the adjustment reflector installed on it.

[0020] In one specific implementation scheme, an output port bracket is provided at the laser output port, and a laser through hole is provided inside the output port bracket. The laser through hole is arranged opposite to the laser output port. A dustproof air knife is provided on one side of the output port bracket. A strip-shaped air outlet is provided on the dustproof air knife. The strip-shaped air outlet is arranged perpendicular to the laser through hole. A dust avoidance groove is provided on the side of the output port bracket opposite to the dustproof air knife.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, a dustproof air knife with a strip-shaped air outlet perpendicular to the laser through-hole can form a high-speed airflow that seals the laser through-hole. This airflow blows the powder splashing along the laser through-hole away from its original direction and out of the laser through-hole in the output port bracket. A dust avoidance groove on the output port bracket, located on the side opposite to the dustproof air knife, creates an outlet channel for the powder to exit the output port bracket under the action of the dustproof air knife. This prevents dust particles that deviate from their original flight direction from colliding with the output port bracket and repeatedly bouncing back within the laser through-hole, continuing to move towards the laser output port.

[0022] In one specific implementation, a dust cover is provided at the end of the output port bracket, the two sides of the dust cover are connected to the output port bracket, and a light outlet is provided in the middle of the dust cover, which is positioned opposite to the laser through hole.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, using a dust cover plate that is positioned opposite to the laser through hole, it is possible to block the powder that splashes towards the laser through hole while ensuring the passage of the laser beam, thereby reducing the amount of powder that splashes towards the laser output port.

[0024] In one specific implementation, the mounting base includes equally spaced mounting seats and three laser head fixing components. The equally spaced mounting seats have wire feeding holes inside and three mounting ridges evenly distributed on their outer periphery. The composite filament powder is fixed to the equally spaced mounting seats and is coaxially arranged with the wire feeding holes. The laser head fixing components include a mounting seat fixing part and laser head fixing plates symmetrically arranged on both sides of the mounting seat fixing part. The mounting seat fixing part is fixed to the end of the mounting ridge, and the laser output head is fixed to the laser head fixing plate, such that the distance between two laser output heads fixed on the same laser head fixing component is greater than the distance between two adjacent laser output heads fixed on different laser head fixing components.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, and using the composite filament powder feeder coaxially fixed to the feeder seat hole on the equally spaced mounting base, with the laser head fixing component fixed to the end of the mounting ridge, multiple laser output heads can be evenly distributed in groups around the composite filament powder feeder. This allows the laser beam to irradiate the filament feeding path from different directions around the composite filament powder feeder, reducing interference between filament / powder feeding and the laser beam. Furthermore, by ensuring that the distance between two laser output heads fixed to the same laser head fixing component is greater than the distance between two adjacent laser output heads fixed to different laser head fixing components, any laser output head around the composite filament powder feeder is not positioned opposite a laser output head on the opposite side. This prevents laser light emitted from one laser output head from being reflected by the substrate material and then directed towards the opposite laser output head, thus avoiding damage to the laser output head.

[0026] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. The laser beam is introduced and shaped by the introductory shaping unit, which is set parallel to the composite filament powder feeding head. The guide output unit set outside the light output end of the introductory shaping unit guides the laser beam to form a converging laser beam that is inclined towards the filament feeding path of the composite filament powder feeding head. This can shorten the length of the inclined section of the laser beam, thereby extending the distance between the light output port of the laser output head and the laser beam convergence point without increasing the space occupied by multiple laser output heads. This reduces the impact of the powder splashed at the molten pool formed by the laser beam converging on the substrate material on the laser output head.

[0027] 2. By setting an adjustment mirror mounting base inside the guide unit housing, and fixing the adjustment reflector on the adjustment mirror mounting base, the tilt state of the adjustment mirror mounting base and the adjustment reflector fixed on the adjustment mirror mounting base can be adjusted by the mounting base adjustment mechanism set on the outside of the adjustment mounting plate. This allows for convenient adjustment of the laser beam emission direction, ensuring that the laser beams emitted from multiple laser output heads can converge on the wire feeding path of the composite wire powder feeding head, and adjusting the position of the convergence point.

[0028] 3. By setting a dustproof plate and a dustproof air knife on the light output path of the laser output head, the powder splashing towards the laser output port can be blocked respectively, and the powder entering the laser through hole can be blown out of the laser through hole, so as to avoid the splashing powder adhering to the protective lens or causing damage to the protective lens, which would affect the transmission efficiency of the laser beam. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of this application.

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a laser output head in one embodiment of this application.

[0031] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the laser output head in one embodiment of this application.

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the protective lens portion structure in one embodiment of this application.

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting base adjustment mechanism in one embodiment of this application.

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the adjustment structure of the adjustment mirror mounting base in one embodiment of this application.

[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the laser output port structure in one embodiment of this application.

[0036] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting base in one embodiment of this application.

[0037] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Composite filament powder feeding head; 11. Coaxial powder feeding head; 2. Mounting base; 21. Divided mounting base; 211. Fiber feed seat hole; 212. Mounting ridge; 22. Laser head fixing component; 221. Mounting base fixing part; 222. Laser head fixing plate; 3. Laser output head; 31. Inlet shaping unit; 311. Fiber optic connector; 312. Collimating lens group; 313. Focusing lens group; 314. Interface sliding sleeve; 315. Interface fixing sleeve; 316. Interface adjusting sleeve; 317. Shaping mounting sleeve; 318. Shaping sealing sleeve; 319. Interface connecting sleeve; 32. Guide output unit; 321. Shaping unit interface; 322. Turning reflector; 323. Adjusting reflector; 324. Laser output port; 3241. Protective lens; 3242. Protective lens insert plate; 3243. Sealing gasket; 324 4. Snap-fit ​​hook; 3245. Snap-fit ​​spring; 325. Guide unit housing; 3251. Reflector mounting hole; 3252. Mounting seat hole; 3253. Reflector mounting plate; 3254. Adjustment mounting plate; 3255. Sealing detection hole; 326. Adjustment mirror mounting seat; 3261. Tension spring groove; 3262. Mounting seat tension spring; 3263. Positioning ball socket; 3264. Positioning groove; 327. Mounting seat adjustment mechanism 3271. Adjusting bolt; 3272. Locking nut; 3273. Detection sealing cover; 3274. Adjustment mechanism cover; 3275. Pressure gas interface; 3276. Cooling water interface; 328. Output port bracket; 3281. Laser through hole; 3282. Dustproof air knife; 3283. Strip-shaped air outlet; 3284. Dust avoidance groove; 329. Dustproof cover plate; 3291. Light outlet; 4. Molten pool camera. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The specific embodiments of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit this application.

[0039] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "set" and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two elements or the interaction between two elements. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0040] The multi-beam laser wire-powder coaxial composite processing head of this application, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the assembly includes a composite filament and powder feeding head 1, a mounting base 2, and multiple laser output heads 3. The composite filament and powder feeding head 1 can be any type of coaxial filament and powder feeding processing head. The composite filament and powder feeding head 1 can convey additive material filaments, allowing the filaments to be output from the filament outlet at a set speed. Simultaneously, a coaxial powder feeding port is provided at the filament outlet end of the composite filament and powder feeding head 1, which coaxially conveys additive material powder onto the filament output path, allowing the additive material to melt in the molten pool formed by laser irradiation on the matrix material, thus performing additive processing on the matrix material.

[0041] The composite filament powder feeding head 1 is mounted on the mounting base 2, so that the filament fed by the composite filament powder feeding head 1 passes through the channel in the middle of the mounting base 2. Multiple laser output heads 3 are respectively mounted at different positions on the outer periphery of the mounting base 2, so that the filament fed by the composite filament powder feeding head 1 is at the center of the circle formed by the multiple laser output heads 3.

[0042] The laser output head 3 includes an inlet shaping unit 31 and a guide output unit 32. The inlet shaping unit 31 is used to inlet an externally input laser beam and shape the laser beam so that it forms a spot of a predetermined size and shape when it irradiates the substrate material. The inlet shaping unit 31 is arranged parallel to the wire feeding direction of the composite wire and powder feeding head 1, so that the length of the inlet shaping unit 31 only affects the length of the composite processing head of this application, and does not affect its diameter. The guide output unit 32 is located outside the light-emitting end of the inlet shaping unit 31 and is used to change the irradiation direction of the laser beam from the inlet shaping unit 31, so that the laser beam is obliquely irradiated in front of the wire outlet of the composite wire and powder feeding head 1, thereby causing the laser beams output by multiple laser output heads 3 to converge in front of the wire and powder feeding path of the composite wire and powder feeding head 1 and irradiate the substrate material to form a molten pool.

[0043] Because the guiding output unit 32 directs the laser beam at an angle closer to the substrate material, the angled optical path of the laser beam is shorter. This results in a shorter distance between the outer part of the laser output head 3 and the composite powder feed head 1, reducing the maximum diameter of the composite processing head of this application, thus reducing space occupation. Simultaneously, the light outlet of the guiding output unit 32 can be positioned further away from the laser beam convergence point, i.e., the molten pool position on the substrate material, reducing the possibility of powder sputtered from the molten pool impacting the light outlet of the guiding output unit 32, and mitigating the impact of splashed powder on the laser output port during additive manufacturing.

[0044] In some embodiments of the multi-beam laser wire powder coaxial composite processing head of this application, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the laser beam shaping unit 31 includes an optical fiber connector 311, a collimating lens group 312, and a focusing lens group 313. The optical fiber connector 311 can be any type of connector compatible with different laser fiber plugs, such as SMA905, D80, QCS, and QBH interfaces. In this embodiment, a QBH interface is used, which offers advantages such as convenient connection, high laser transmission power, and high energy transmission stability. Furthermore, the parallel orientation of the laser beam shaping unit 31 to the composite fiber feed head 1 reduces the impact of the larger QBH fiber plug's shape on space. The collimating lens group 312 is positioned opposite the optical fiber connector 311 and can collimate the laser beam introduced by the laser fiber plug inserted into the optical fiber connector 311. The optical fiber connector 311 is configured to allow adjustment of its distance from the collimating lens group 312, thereby adjusting the collimation effect of the collimating lens group 312 on the laser beam.

[0045] The focusing lens group 313 is positioned on the side of the collimating lens group 312 away from the fiber optic connector 311, and the optical axis of the focusing lens group 313 is on the same straight line as the optical axis of the collimating lens group 312. Parallel rays in the laser beam collimated by the collimating lens group 312 are directed towards the focusing lens group 313, and after refraction by the focusing lens group 313, they are focused and concentrated along the transmission path of the laser beam.

[0046] In a preferred embodiment of the multi-beam laser-to-filament coaxial composite processing head of this application, such as Figure 3 As shown, the shaping unit 31 includes an interface sliding sleeve 314, an interface fixing sleeve 315, an interface adjusting sleeve 316, a shaping mounting sleeve 317, a shaping sealing sleeve 318, and an interface connecting sleeve 319. An optical fiber connector 311 is located at one end of the interface sliding sleeve 314, and a laser beam generated by an external laser generator is introduced into the interface sliding sleeve 314 through an optical fiber plug inserted into the optical fiber connector 311. The outer wall of the other end of the interface sliding sleeve 314 is provided with a relatively long sliding groove, and it slides within the interface fixing sleeve 315 through the sliding groove.

[0047] One end of the inner hole of the interface adjusting sleeve 316 is provided with a rotating protruding ring, which is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the interface fixing sleeve 315. The other end of the inner hole of the interface adjusting sleeve 316 is provided with an adjusting thread, which is threadedly connected to the interface sliding sleeve 314. The outer wall of the interface adjusting sleeve 316 is provided with adjusting knurling, which allows the interface adjusting sleeve 316 to be easily rotated, driving the interface sliding sleeve 314 to slide within the interface fixing sleeve 315.

[0048] The shaping and mounting sleeve 317 and the interface fixing sleeve 315 are provided with matching connecting grooves at their opposite ends, and are connected to each other through the sleeve connection between the connecting grooves. The collimating lens group 312 and the focusing lens group 313 are respectively disposed in the cavity of the shaping and mounting sleeve 317, and the collimating lens group 312 is located close to the interface sliding sleeve 314. The distance between the fiber optic connector 311 and the collimating lens group 312 can be adjusted by adjusting the interface adjusting sleeve 316.

[0049] The shaping and sealing sleeve 318 is fitted over the outside of the shaping and mounting sleeve 317, forming a sealed connection between them. A water-cooling chamber can also be provided between the shaping and mounting sleeve 317 and the shaping and sealing sleeve 318, so that circulating cooling water can be introduced into the water-cooling chamber to cool the shaping and mounting sleeve 317 and the collimating lens group 312 and the focusing lens group 313 installed in the shaping and mounting sleeve 317.

[0050] One end of the interface connecting sleeve 319 is rotatably connected to the interface fixing sleeve 315, and the other end is threadedly connected to the end of the shaping sealing sleeve 318. By rotating the interface connecting sleeve 319, the interface fixing sleeve 315 can be easily connected to the shaping sealing sleeve 318, or the interface fixing sleeve 315 can be detached from the shaping sealing sleeve 318. The other end of the shaping sealing sleeve 318 is sealed to the guide output unit 32. Typically, a threaded connecting sleeve is rotatably connected to the other end of the shaping sealing sleeve 318, and is threadedly connected to the guide output unit 32 through the threaded connecting sleeve, thus pressing the end of the shaping sealing sleeve 318 tightly onto the guide output unit 32.

[0051] In some embodiments of the multi-beam laser wire powder coaxial composite processing head of this application, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the guiding output unit 32 includes a shaping unit interface 321, a steering reflector 322, an adjusting reflector 323, and a laser output port 324. The shaping unit interface 321 is used to connect with the inlet shaping unit 31, and is usually threadedly connected to the threaded connection sleeve at the end of the shaping sealing sleeve 318 to ensure the stability of the laser beam from the inlet shaping unit 31. The steering reflector 322 is arranged opposite to the shaping unit interface 321. The reflecting surface of the steering reflector 322 is usually at a 45° angle with the axial direction of the shaping unit interface 321. It is used to reflect the laser beam from the inlet shaping unit 31, so that the laser beam is turned away from the composite filament powder feeder 1, thereby illuminating the front of the composite filament powder feeder 1 at a larger tilt angle and avoiding interference from the end of the composite filament powder feeder 1 on the laser beam.

[0052] The adjusting reflector 323 is located outside the steering reflector 322 and is positioned opposite to the steering reflector 322 and the laser output port 324. The reflecting surface of the adjusting reflector 323 is usually at an angle of approximately 33° with the axial direction of the shaping unit interface 321. The laser beam reflected by the steering reflector 322 irradiates the adjusting reflector 323. After being reflected by the adjusting reflector 323, it forms a laser beam that is inclined at an angle of 24° with the laser beam that enters through the shaping unit interface 321. The laser beam is emitted through the laser output port 324 and exits the guide output unit 32, irradiating the front of the composite filament powder feeding head 1.

[0053] In a preferred embodiment of the multi-beam laser-to-filament coaxial composite processing head of this application, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the guide output unit 32 includes a guide unit housing 325, an adjustment mirror mounting base 326, and a mounting base adjustment mechanism 327. The unit housing 325 is a cavity structure with several mounting holes in its wall. The shaping unit interface 321 and the laser output port 324 are respectively located at predetermined positions on the guide unit housing 325. In addition to the shaping unit interface 321 and the laser output port 324, the mounting holes on the guide unit housing 325 also include a reflector mounting hole 3251 and a mounting base hole 3252. The reflector mounting hole 3251 is located opposite to the shaping unit interface 321. A reflector mounting groove is provided in the area surrounding the reflector mounting hole 3251 on the outer side of the guide unit housing 325. The reflecting surface of the steering reflector 322 faces the inner cavity of the guide unit housing 325 and is installed in the reflector mounting groove. The reflector mounting plate 3253 is sealed and fixed on the guide unit housing 325 around the reflector mounting groove, pressing and fixing the steering reflector 322 in the reflector mounting groove. After removing the reflector mounting plate 3253, the steering reflector 322 can be easily maintained and replaced.

[0054] Mounting hole 3252 is located opposite to laser output port 324. Adjustment mounting plate 3254 is sealed and fixed on guide unit housing 325 around mounting hole 3252. Adjustment mirror mounting seat 326 is installed in cavity of guide unit housing 325 inside adjustment mounting plate 3254. Adjustment mirror mounting seat 326 is provided with adjustment mirror mounting surface opposite to both steering reflector 322 and laser output port 324. Adjustment reflector 323 is fixedly installed on adjustment mirror mounting surface of adjustment mirror mounting seat 326.

[0055] The mounting base adjustment mechanism 327 is installed on the side of the adjustment mounting plate 3254 opposite to the adjustment mirror mounting base 326. The mounting base adjustment mechanism 327 can adjust the mounting angle of the adjustment mirror mounting base 326 on the adjustment mounting plate 3254, allowing the adjustment mirror 323 to tilt in different directions at different angles. By adjusting the direction and tilt angle of the adjustment mirror 323, the laser beam can be directed to different distances in front of the composite filament powder feeder 1, and the laser beams emitted from multiple laser output heads 3 can be focused at the same position.

[0056] A protective lens 3241 is provided at the laser output port 324, and the protective lens 3241 covers the laser output port 324, forming an isolation between the inside and outside of the unit housing 325 at the laser output port 324. Specifically, a protective lens insertion slot is provided on the guide unit housing 325 at the laser output port 324, and a protective lens mounting plate 3242 is inserted into the protective lens insertion slot. The protective lens 3241 is mounted on the protective lens mounting plate 3242. After the protective lens mounting plate 3242 is inserted into the protective lens insertion slot, the protective lens 3241 seals the laser output port 324.

[0057] The structure of a protective mirror insert plate 3242 is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, a light-passing hole is provided in the middle of the protective lens insertion plate 3242. A lens mounting groove is provided on one side of the protective lens insertion plate 3242 around the light-passing hole. The protective lens 3241 is installed in the lens mounting groove. A sealing gasket 3243 is installed on the edge of the protective lens 3241. A snap-fit ​​hook 3244 is hinged to the two edges of one side of the protective lens insertion plate 3242. Snap-fit ​​hook grooves are provided on the guide unit housing 325 on both sides of the protective lens insertion groove. When the protective lens insertion plate 3242 is inserted into the protective lens insertion groove, the hook end of the snap-fit ​​hook 3244 engages in the snap-fit ​​hook groove, fixing the protective lens insertion plate 3242 in the protective lens insertion groove. The sealing gasket 3243 ensures a seal between the protective lens 3241 and the unit housing 325.

[0058] A spring hole is provided on the protective lens insert plate 3242 on the inner side of the end of the snap hook 3244, and a snap spring 3245 is provided in the spring hole. The elastic force of the snap spring 3245 acts on the snap hook 3244, ensuring that the hook end of the snap hook 3244 is stably engaged in the snap hook groove. By pressing the end of the snap hook 3244, the hook end of the snap hook 3244 can be disengaged from the snap hook groove, so that the protective lens insert plate 3242 can be pulled out from the protective lens insert groove, making it convenient to replace the protective lens 3241 and the sealing gasket 3243.

[0059] As a specific embodiment of the multi-beam laser wire-powder coaxial composite processing head of this application, such as Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, multiple tension spring grooves 3261 are provided at the end of the adjusting mirror mounting base 326, and a mounting base tension spring 3262 is provided in each tension spring groove 3261. A spring mounting post is provided at the bottom area of ​​the tension spring groove 3261, and one end of the mounting base tension spring 3262 is fitted onto the spring mounting post. A spring positioning block is provided at a corresponding position on the adjusting mounting plate 3254, and a spring mounting post is provided on the spring positioning block. The other end of the mounting base tension spring 3262 is connected to the spring mounting post fitted onto the adjusting mounting plate 3254. The elastic force of the mounting base tension spring 3262 forms a traction force on the end of the adjusting mirror mounting base 326, causing the end of the adjusting mirror mounting base 326 to tend to be close to the adjusting mounting plate 3254.

[0060] A positioning ball socket 3263 is provided at one corner of the end face of the adjusting mirror mounting base 326. A positioning groove 3264 is provided at each of the two corners adjacent to the positioning ball socket 3263 on the end face of the adjusting mirror mounting base 3266. Both positioning grooves 3264 point towards the positioning ball socket 3263 and are perpendicular to each other. The mounting base adjusting mechanism 327 includes adjusting bolts 3271 and locking nuts 3272. The adjusting bolts 3271 are threaded onto the adjusting mounting plate 3254. The ends of the three adjusting bolts 3271 pass through the adjusting mounting plate 3254 and abut against the positioning ball socket 3263 and the two positioning grooves 3264, respectively. Rotating the adjusting bolt 3271 adjusts the distance between the end of the adjusting bolt 3271 and the adjusting mounting plate 3254, which in turn adjusts the distance between different corners of the end face of the adjusting mirror mounting base 326 and the adjusting mounting plate 3254. This adjusts the tilt direction and tilt angle of the adjusting mirror 323 on the adjusting mirror mounting base 326, which in turn adjusts the irradiation direction of the laser beam reflected by the adjusting mirror 323.

[0061] The locking nut 3272 is screwed onto the adjusting bolt 3271 and is located on the outside of the adjusting mounting plate 3254, that is, on the side opposite to the mounting hole 3252. Rotating the locking nut 3272 causes one end of the locking nut 3272 to press against the adjusting mounting plate 3254, thus locking the adjusting bolt 3271, preventing the adjusting bolt 3271 from rotating, and ensuring the stability of the position of the adjusting mirror mounting base 326.

[0062] In some embodiments of the multi-beam laser wire powder coaxial composite processing head of this application, such as Figure 3 and Figure 6As shown, a sealing detection hole 3255 is provided at one corner of the adjustment mounting plate 3254, and a detection sealing cover 3273 and an adjustment mechanism cover 3274 are provided on the outer side of the adjustment mounting plate 3254. The detection sealing cover 3273 is fixed to the periphery of the sealing detection hole 3255 on the adjustment mounting plate 3254, and a space is formed inside the detection sealing cover 3273 that communicates with the inner cavity of the guide unit housing 325, ensuring a seal between this space and the external space.

[0063] The detection sealing cover 3273 is equipped with a pressurized gas interface 3275 and two cooling water interfaces 3276. The pressurized gas interface 3275 is connected to the internal space of the detection sealing cover 3273, allowing gas with a set pressure to be injected into the guide unit housing 325. If the protective lens 3241, focusing lens group 313, or collimating lens group 312 is damaged or broken, causing pressurized gas leakage, the flow rate of pressurized gas injected through the pressurized gas interface 3275 will be abnormal. This allows for timely detection of damage to the relevant structures, ensuring the normal operation of the laser output head 3.

[0064] A cooling water channel can also be provided inside the adjusting mirror mounting base 326. The two ends of the cooling water channel are connected to two cooling water interfaces 3276 through cooling water pipes. Circulating cooling water can be introduced into the cooling water channel inside the adjusting mirror mounting base 326 through the two cooling water interfaces 3276 to cool the adjusting mirror mounting base 326 and the adjusting mirror 323 installed on the adjusting mirror mounting base 326, so as to prevent the adjusting mirror 323 from overheating under the irradiation of high-power laser.

[0065] The adjustment mechanism cover 3274 is installed outside the detection sealing cover 3273 on the outside of the adjustment mounting plate 3254. The adjustment mechanism cover 3274 is set outside the mounting base adjustment mechanism 327, forming an isolation between the mounting base adjustment mechanism 327 and the external space, preventing dust in the external space from contaminating the mounting base adjustment mechanism 327, and ensuring the adjustment accuracy of the mounting base adjustment mechanism 327.

[0066] In some embodiments of the multi-beam laser wire powder coaxial composite processing head of this application, such as Figure 7 As shown, an output port bracket 328 is installed around the laser output port 324 on the guide unit housing 325. The output port bracket 328 includes a bracket mounting part and a bracket guide part. The bracket guide part is integrally formed at one end of the bracket mounting part. A laser through hole 3281 is provided inside the bracket to the tube part, penetrating the end face of the bracket mounting part and the bracket to the tube part. The output port bracket 328 is fixed on the guide unit housing 325 through the bracket mounting part, so that the laser through hole 3281 is positioned directly opposite the laser output port 324.

[0067] A dust-avoidance groove 3284 is provided on one side wall of the support guide tube, extending from the end of the support guide tube to the support mounting section. A dustproof air knife 3282 is provided on the side of the support guide tube opposite to the dust-avoidance groove 3284. One end of the dustproof air knife 3282 has a strip-shaped air outlet 3283, and the other end has a gas input interface. The gas input interface is connected to the strip-shaped air outlet 3283 through an internal channel of the dustproof air knife 3282. The dustproof air knife 3282 is fixed to the output port bracket 328, specifically to the support guide tube, such that the strip-shaped air outlet 3282 is located outside the outlet end of the laser through-hole 3281 and perpendicular to the length direction of the laser through-hole 3281.

[0068] Compressed air is input through the gas input interface, and the compressed air is ejected at high speed from the strip-shaped air outlet 3282, forming a strip-shaped high-speed air curtain at the outlet end of the laser through hole 3281. This air curtain exerts a vertical thrust on the powder splashed towards the laser through hole 3281, causing the powder to change its flight direction and fly obliquely towards the dust avoidance groove 3284. The dust avoidance groove 3284 is designed to prevent the obliquely flying powder from colliding with the side wall of the laser through hole 3281, ensuring that the powder passes through the dust avoidance groove 3284 and flies to the outside of the output support 328. This prevents the high-speed flying powder from colliding with the protective lens 3241 through the laser through hole 3281, adhering to the protective lens 3241, or causing surface damage to the protective lens 3241.

[0069] In a preferred embodiment of the multi-beam laser-to-filament coaxial composite processing head of this application, such as Figure 7 As shown, a dust cover 329 is also provided at the end of the output port bracket 328. The two sides of the dust cover 329 can be fixed to the output port bracket 328 by various suitable mounting structures, so that the dust cover 329 is positioned opposite to the laser through hole 3281. A light outlet 3291 is provided in the middle of the dust cover 329. The diameter of the light outlet 3291 is usually much smaller than the end diameter of the laser through hole 3281, and the light outlet 3291 is coaxially arranged with the laser through hole 3281.

[0070] The dust cover 329 can block most of the powder splashed towards the laser passage hole 3281, allowing only a small amount of powder to pass through the light exit port 3291 and fly towards the laser passage hole 3281. The amount of powder that can pass through the light exit port 3291 is related to the diameter of the light exit port 3291. The diameter of the light exit port 3291 can be reasonably set to be as small as possible while ensuring that the laser beam can pass through and that the irradiation direction of the laser beam can be adjusted.

[0071] In some embodiments of the multi-beam laser wire powder coaxial composite processing head of this application, such as Figure 8 As shown, the mounting base 2 includes an equally spaced mounting base 21 and three laser head fixing components 22. The equally spaced mounting base 21 has a wire feed hole 211 inside, and three mounting ridges 212 are evenly distributed on its outer periphery. See also... Figure 1 The composite filament powder feeding head 1 is fixed on the equally spaced mounting base 21, so that the internal filament feeding channel of the composite filament powder feeding head 1 is coaxially arranged with the filament feeding base hole 211.

[0072] The laser head fixing component 22 includes a mounting base fixing part 221, and laser head fixing plates 222 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the mounting base fixing part 221. The laser head fixing plates 222 are typically integrally formed with the mounting base fixing part 221. The mounting base fixing part 221 is provided with fixing screw holes, and the mounting base fixing part 221 is fixed to the end of the mounting ridge 212 by screws. See also... Figure 1 As shown, a laser output head 3 is fixed to the outside of each laser head fixing plate 222, such that the distance between two laser output heads 3 fixed on the same laser head fixing member 22 is greater than the distance between two adjacent laser output heads 3 fixed on different laser head fixing members 22. This not only facilitates the installation of the laser output heads 3 on the laser head fixing member 22, but also ensures that each laser output head 3 is not in a position opposite to other laser output heads 3, preventing the laser beam output from one laser head 3 from being reflected by the substrate material and entering the laser path of another laser output head 3, thus avoiding damage to the other laser output head 3.

[0073] In the description of this application, the references to terms such as "an embodiment," "specific embodiment," and "preferred embodiment" indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this application, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0074] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A multi-beam laser wire-powder coaxial composite processing head, characterized in that, The device includes a composite filament and powder feeding head (1), a mounting base (2), and multiple laser output heads (3). The composite filament and powder feeding head (1) is installed in the middle of the mounting base (2), and the multiple laser output heads (3) are respectively installed on the outer periphery of the mounting base (2). Each laser output head (3) includes an inlet shaping unit (31) and a guide output unit (32). The inlet shaping unit (31) is arranged along the filament feeding direction of the composite filament and powder feeding head (1), and the guide output unit (32) is arranged outside the light-emitting end of the inlet shaping unit (31) so as to change the irradiation direction of the laser beam from the inlet shaping unit (31) so that the laser beam is focused on the filament and powder feeding path of the composite filament and powder feeding head (1).

2. The multi-beam laser wire-powder coaxial composite processing head according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inlet shaping unit (31) includes an optical fiber connector (311), a collimating lens group (312), and a focusing lens group (313). The optical fiber connector (311) is suitable for inserting a laser optical fiber plug and can adjust the distance between itself and the collimating lens group (312). The collimating lens group (312) is arranged opposite to the optical fiber connector (311). The focusing lens group (313) is arranged on the side of the collimating lens group (312) away from the optical fiber connector (311), and the optical axis of the focusing lens group (313) is on the same straight line as the optical axis of the collimating lens group (312).

3. The multi-beam laser wire-powder coaxial composite processing head according to claim 2, characterized in that, The shaping unit (31) includes an interface sliding sleeve (314), an interface fixing sleeve (315), an interface adjusting sleeve (316), a shaping installation sleeve (317), a shaping sealing sleeve (318), and an interface connecting sleeve (319). The fiber optic connector (311) is located at one end of the interface sliding sleeve (314), and the other end of the interface sliding sleeve (314) is slidably connected to the interface fixing sleeve (315). One end of the interface adjusting sleeve (316) is rotatably connected to the interface fixing sleeve (315), and the other end is connected to the interface sliding sleeve (314). The threaded connection is provided. The shaping and mounting sleeve (317) is sleeved on the end of the interface fixing sleeve (314). The collimating lens group (312) and the focusing lens group (313) are disposed in the cavity of the shaping and mounting sleeve (317). The shaping and sealing sleeve (318) is sleeved on the outside of the shaping and mounting sleeve (317). One end of the interface connecting sleeve (319) is rotatably connected to the interface fixing sleeve (315), and the other end is threadedly connected to the shaping and sealing sleeve (318). The shaping and sealing sleeve (318) is sealed to the guide output unit (32).

4. The multi-beam laser wire-powder coaxial composite processing head according to claim 2, characterized in that, The guiding output unit (32) includes a shaping unit interface (321), a steering reflector (322), an adjusting reflector (323), and a laser output port (324). The import shaping unit (31) is connected to the shaping unit interface (321). The steering reflector (322) is arranged opposite to the shaping unit interface (321) so as to reflect the laser beam from the import shaping unit (31) toward the adjusting reflector (323). The adjusting reflector (323) is arranged opposite to the steering reflector (322) and the laser output port (324) so ​​that the laser beam from the steering reflector (322) is reflected by the adjusting reflector (323) and then emitted through the laser output port (324).

5. The multi-beam laser wire-powder coaxial composite processing head according to claim 4, characterized in that, The guiding output unit (32) includes a guiding unit housing (325), an adjusting mirror mounting base (326), and a mounting base adjusting mechanism (327). The shaping unit interface (321) and the laser output port (324) are disposed on the guiding unit housing (325). A protective lens (3241) is disposed at the laser output port (324). The guiding unit housing (325) is also provided with a reflector mounting hole (3251) and a mounting base hole (3252). A reflector mounting plate (3253) is sealed and fixed at the reflector mounting hole (3251). The reflector mounting plate (3253) holds the steering reflector (326) in place. 2) The guide unit housing (325) is pressed and fixed. An adjusting mounting plate (3254) is sealed and fixed at the mounting hole (3252). The adjusting mirror mounting base (326) is installed on the adjusting mounting plate (3254) and located inside the guide unit housing (325). The adjusting reflector (323) is fixed on the adjusting mirror mounting base (326). The mounting base adjustment mechanism (327) is installed on the side of the adjusting mounting plate (3254) opposite to the adjusting mirror mounting base (326) and can adjust the installation angle of the adjusting mirror mounting base (326) on the adjusting mounting plate (3254).

6. The multi-beam laser wire-powder coaxial composite processing head according to claim 5, characterized in that, The end of the adjusting mirror mounting base (326) is provided with a plurality of tension spring grooves (3261), and a mounting base tension spring (3262) is provided in the tension spring groove (3261). One end of the mounting base tension spring is connected to the bottom area of ​​the tension spring groove (3261), and the other end is connected to the adjusting mounting plate (3254). A positioning ball socket (3263) is provided at the corner of the top surface of the adjusting mirror mounting base (326). A positioning groove (3264) is provided at each of the two corners adjacent to the positioning ball socket (3263). The two positioning grooves (3264) are provided with a positioning groove (3264). 264) All point to the positioning ball socket (3263) and are perpendicular to each other. The mounting seat adjustment mechanism (327) includes an adjustment bolt (3271) and a locking nut (3272). The adjustment bolt (3271) is threadedly connected to the adjustment mounting plate (3254), and its end passes through the adjustment mounting plate (3254) and abuts against the positioning ball socket (3263) or the positioning groove (3264). The locking nut (3272) is screwed onto the adjustment bolt (3271) on the outside of the adjustment mounting plate (3254).

7. The multi-beam laser wire-powder coaxial composite processing head according to claim 5, characterized in that, The adjustment mounting plate (3254) is provided with a sealing detection hole (3255). The outer side of the adjustment mounting plate (3254) is provided with a detection sealing cover (3273) and an adjustment mechanism cover (3274). The detection sealing cover (3273) is fixed around the sealing detection hole (3255) on the adjustment mounting plate (3254). The detection sealing cover (3273) is provided with a pressure gas interface (3275) and a cooling water interface (3276). The pressure gas interface (3275) is connected to the internal space of the detection sealing cover (3273). The adjustment mirror mounting base (326) is provided with a cooling water flow channel inside. The cooling water flow channel is connected to the cooling water interface (3276) through a cooling water pipe. The adjustment mechanism cover (3274) is fixed outside the mounting base adjustment mechanism (327) on the adjustment mounting plate (3254).

8. The multi-beam laser wire-powder coaxial composite processing head according to claim 4, characterized in that, An output port bracket (328) is provided at the laser output port (324). A laser through hole (3281) is provided inside the output port bracket (328). The laser through hole (3281) is arranged opposite to the laser output port (324). A dustproof air knife (3282) is provided on one side of the output port bracket (328). A strip-shaped air outlet (3283) is provided on the dustproof air knife (3282). The strip-shaped air outlet (3282) is arranged perpendicular to the laser through hole (3281). A dust avoidance groove (3284) is provided on the side of the output port bracket (328) opposite to the dustproof air knife (3282).

9. The multi-beam laser wire-powder coaxial composite processing head according to claim 8, characterized in that, The output port bracket (328) is provided with a dust cover plate (329) at its end. The two sides of the dust cover plate (329) are connected to the output port bracket (328). The middle part of the dust cover plate (329) is provided with a light outlet (3291). The light outlet (3291) is arranged opposite to the laser through hole (3281).

10. The multi-beam laser wire-powder coaxial composite machining head according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The mounting base (2) includes an equally divided mounting base (21) and three laser head fixing components (22). The equally divided mounting base (21) has a wire feeding seat hole (211) inside and three mounting ridges (212) evenly arranged on the outer periphery. The composite filament powder is fixed on the equally divided mounting base (21) and coaxially arranged with the wire feeding seat hole (211). The laser head fixing component (22) includes a mounting base fixing part (221) and laser head fixing plates (222) symmetrically arranged on both sides of the mounting base fixing part (221). The mounting base fixing part (221) is fixed to the end of the mounting ridge (212). The laser output head (3) is fixed on the laser head fixing plate (222) so that the distance between two laser output heads (3) fixed on the same laser head fixing component (22) is greater than the distance between two adjacent laser output heads (3) fixed on different laser head fixing components (22).

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