Novel laser arc hybrid welding structure

Abstract

The invention discloses a novel laser-arc hybrid welding structure which comprises a main mounting plate, a plurality of auxiliary mounting plates and a plurality of laser-arc hybrid welding assemblies. The longitudinal section of the main mounting plate is of an L-shaped structure. The laser head is mounted at the top of the main mounting plate; the multi-layer air knife structure is mounted at the bottom of the main laser head; the smoke exhaust device is mounted at the bottom of the multi-layer air knife structure; the welding device comprises a welding gun, a hollow rotating table, a sliding table mounting plate and an angle adjusting assembly; the processing image acquisition system comprises a connecting plate, a line scanning camera, a Y-axis displacement assembly and a Z-axis displacement assembly II; the molten pool visual monitoring system is mounted at the top of the laser head; and the terminal control system is used for integrally regulating and controlling the operation of the device. According to the method, the heat affected zone of the welding seam is effectively widened, so that heat distribution is more uniform, and the risk of forming defects such as undercut and hump is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of laser welding technology, and in particular to a novel laser-arc hybrid welding structure. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of heavy industry, welding technology, as a core manufacturing process, is facing increasingly complex technical demands. As energy, shipbuilding, engineering machinery, and heavy equipment manufacturing move towards larger scale and higher parameters, traditional welding technologies are struggling to meet the reliability requirements of new materials and extreme working conditions. Traditional laser welding struggles to improve the adaptability of weld gaps during the welding process and is easily affected by factors such as material reflection, leading to unstable weld quality. Simultaneously, conventional arc welding tends to generate a large heat-affected zone at high temperatures, causing a decline in weld joint performance and making it difficult to meet high strength and high toughness requirements. To overcome these problems, laser-arc hybrid welding technology has been gradually introduced into the industry in recent years. This technology combines the high energy density of laser welding with the excellent filling performance of arc welding, significantly improving welding efficiency and quality while possessing stronger gap adaptability and welding stability, making it one of the current hot research and application areas.

[0003] Current laser-arc hybrid welding head technologies all involve fixing the welding torch to the laser head using a flange. The height of the welding torch and the filament spacing can only be adjusted by changing the position of the screws on the slider. At the same time, the welding torch cannot oscillate back and forth around the optical axis of the laser head, and the position of the welding torch relative to the laser head can only be adjusted by process parameter tuning before the actual welding. This type of laser hybrid welding head cannot cope with complex welding conditions, and frequent shutdowns for parameter tuning will greatly increase the burden on workers and reduce production efficiency. Furthermore, it is impossible to adjust online in real time according to the actual welding conditions during cutting, which can easily lead to problems such as poor welding, undercut, and cracks during the welding process.

[0004] Furthermore, currently common laser-arc composite welding heads can only weld according to the pre-defined path of conventional CNC machine tools or robotic arms during the welding process. If problems such as workpiece displacement or lifting occur during the welding process, the welding trajectory cannot be corrected in time. At the same time, the weld pool cannot be monitored in real time. Regardless of whether the weld pool is abnormal, welding will continue without real-time process compensation. As a result, the defect rate will increase and the number of rework processes will increase.

[0005] Based on the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a novel laser-arc hybrid welding structure. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a novel laser-arc hybrid welding structure to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention provides a novel laser-arc hybrid welding structure, comprising: The main mounting plate has an L-shaped longitudinal cross-section. A laser head, which is mounted on top of the main mounting plate; A multi-layer air knife structure is installed at the bottom of the main laser head; A smoke exhaust device is installed at the bottom of the multi-layer air knife structure; A welding device, comprising a welding torch, a hollow turntable, a sliding table mounting plate and an angle adjustment assembly, an X-axis displacement assembly and a Z-axis displacement assembly I, wherein the hollow turntable is rotatably connected to the main mounting plate, the laser head passes through the hollow turntable, the sliding table mounting plate is fixed on the hollow turntable, the angle adjustment assembly is mounted on the hollow turntable and is in transmission cooperation with the hollow turntable, the Z-axis displacement assembly I is mounted on the sliding table mounting plate, the X-axis displacement assembly is mounted on the Z-axis displacement assembly I, and the welding torch is mounted on the X-axis displacement assembly; A processing image acquisition system includes a connecting plate, a line scan camera, a Y-axis displacement component, and a Z-axis displacement component II. The connecting plate is mounted on the main mounting plate, the Z-axis displacement component II is mounted on the connecting plate via the Y-axis displacement component, and the line scan camera is mounted on the Z-axis displacement component II. A molten pool visual monitoring system, wherein the molten pool visual monitoring system is installed on top of the laser head; A terminal control system is used to control the operation of the overall control device.

[0008] According to the novel laser-arc hybrid welding structure provided by the present invention, the multi-layer air knife structure includes: An air knife holder is mounted on the bottom of the laser head; An air chamber component, which is mounted on an air knife holder; An air knife cover is installed on the air chamber component, with the air inlet facing the front of the laser head. High-pressure gas pipe connector A is connected to the gas chamber component, and high-pressure gas enters the gas chamber through high-pressure gas pipe connector A.

[0009] According to the novel laser-arc hybrid welding structure provided by the present invention, the fume extraction device includes: A transition piece, which is installed at the lower position of the air knife support; Smoke exhaust pipe A, which is installed at the bottom of the transition member via a locking ring A; Smoke exhaust pipe B, which is installed at the bottom of smoke exhaust pipe A via locking ring B; A copper nozzle is installed below the exhaust pipe B; High-pressure gas pipe connector B is installed on the side of both the exhaust pipe A and the exhaust pipe B.

[0010] According to the novel laser-arc hybrid welding structure provided by the present invention, the angle adjustment component is an angle adjustment motor, the angle adjustment motor is fixed on the hollow turntable, and the angle adjustment motor and the hollow turntable are in transmission cooperation.

[0011] According to the novel laser-arc hybrid welding structure provided by the present invention, the Z-axis displacement assembly includes a manually adjustable lead screw slide I, which is mounted on a slide mounting plate. An adapter plate is mounted on the manually adjustable lead screw slide I, and the X-axis displacement assembly I is mounted on the adapter plate.

[0012] According to the novel laser-arc hybrid welding structure provided by the present invention, the X-axis displacement component I includes a manually adjustable lead screw slide II, which is mounted on the adapter plate, and the welding torch is mounted on the manually adjustable lead screw slide II via a connecting flange.

[0013] According to the novel laser-arc hybrid welding structure provided by the present invention, the Y-axis displacement assembly includes a set screw and a spring. A slider is slidably connected in a groove on the connecting plate. A limit block is fixed on one side of the slider, and the limit block is slidably engaged with one side of the connecting plate. The other side of the slider is fixed to the Z-axis displacement assembly II. The set screw is threaded to one end of the groove and abuts against the slider. A spring is fixed between the slider and the other end of the groove. The set screw and the spring are mounted on the connecting plate.

[0014] According to the novel laser-arc hybrid welding structure provided by the present invention, the Z-axis displacement component II includes a manually adjustable lead screw slide III, and a mounting plate is fixed on the other side of the slide block, and the line scan camera is mounted on the mounting plate.

[0015] According to the novel laser-arc hybrid welding structure provided by the present invention, the molten pool visual monitoring system includes: Mounting block, the laser head has mounting holes along the axial direction, and the mounting block is fixed on the laser head; A spring seat is mounted on the mounting block, and a clamping seat is mounted on the spring seat. The camera and lens are mounted on the clamping seat, and the viewing angle of the camera and lens is adjusted by adjusting the tightness of the spring seat.

[0016] The present invention discloses the following technical effects: This device employs a dual protection system of "multi-layer air knife + coaxial smoke exhaust": the laminar gas barrier of the multi-layer air knife blocks the upward flow of smoke and dust, while the smoke exhaust device quickly discharges smoke and dust through an assembleable smoke exhaust stack. Under this dual action, lens contamination can be reduced by more than 90%, extending the service life of the protective lens and reducing equipment maintenance costs.

[0017] Compared to the traditional welding head mode of "no real-time monitoring and blind welding", this device forms a dual monitoring system of "processing image acquisition system + molten pool visual monitoring system": the former monitors workpiece offset / lifting to avoid trajectory deviation; the latter identifies molten pool abnormalities in advance and triggers parameter compensation, shifting from "post-processing rework" to "pre-processing prevention", reducing rework time and material waste.

[0018] Multi-scenario adaptability: The slide mounting plate and exhaust duct adopt a modular design. The adjustment range of the Z-axis displacement component I and the X-axis displacement component covers the welding needs of most heavy industrial workpieces (such as ship and engineering machinery parts). The replaceable length exhaust duct is compatible with laser heads of different focal lengths, eliminating the need to replace the entire welding head.

[0019] The terminal control system enables unified scheduling of lasers, welding torches, displacement components, and visual monitoring, eliminating the need for manual operation of each component. It automatically completes parameter compensation under abnormal operating conditions, reducing reliance on "experienced welders" and minimizing human error, making it suitable for large-scale, standardized production scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a front view of the novel laser-arc hybrid welding structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is an isometric view of the novel laser-arc hybrid welding structure of the present invention.

[0022] The components include: 1. Main mounting plate; 2. Laser head; 3. Welding torch; 4. Hollow rotary table; 5. Slide table mounting plate; 6. Connecting plate; 7. Line scan camera; 8. Air knife bracket; 9. Air chamber component; 10. High-pressure air pipe connector A; 11. Transition component; 12. Exhaust pipe A; 13. Locking ring A; 14. Exhaust pipe B; 15. Locking ring B; 16. Copper nozzle; 17. Angle adjustment motor; 18. Manually adjustable lead screw slide I; 19. Adapter plate; 20. Manually adjustable lead screw slide II; 21. Set screw; 22. Manually adjustable lead screw slide III; 23. Mounting plate; 24. Spring seat; 25. Clamping seat; 26. Camera and lens. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0025] Reference Figures 1-2 This invention provides a novel laser-arc hybrid welding structure, comprising: Main mounting plate 1, the longitudinal cross-sectional shape of main mounting plate 1 is an L-shaped structure; Laser head 2 is mounted on top of main mounting plate 1; A multi-layer air knife structure is installed at the bottom of the main laser head 2; The smoke exhaust device is installed at the bottom of the multi-layer air knife structure; The welding device includes a welding torch 3, a hollow turntable 4, a sliding table mounting plate 5, an angle adjustment assembly, an X-axis displacement assembly, and a Z-axis displacement assembly I. The hollow turntable 4 is rotatably connected to the main mounting plate 1, and the laser head 2 passes through the hollow turntable 4. The sliding table mounting plate 5 is fixed on the hollow turntable 4. The angle adjustment assembly is mounted on the hollow turntable 4 and is in transmission cooperation with the hollow turntable 4. The Z-axis displacement assembly I is mounted on the sliding table mounting plate 5, the X-axis displacement assembly is mounted on the Z-axis displacement assembly I, and the welding torch 3 is mounted on the X-axis displacement assembly. The processing image acquisition system includes a connecting plate 6, a line scan camera 7, a Y-axis displacement assembly and a Z-axis displacement assembly II. The connecting plate 6 is mounted on the main mounting plate 1, the Z-axis displacement assembly II is mounted on the connecting plate 6 via the Y-axis displacement assembly, and the line scan camera 7 is mounted on the Z-axis displacement assembly II. A molten pool visual monitoring system is installed on top of laser head 2. The terminal control system is used to control the operation of the overall control device.

[0026] During operation, after the terminal control system is activated, it automatically resets each component: the hollow turntable 4 of the welding device drives the sliding table mounting plate 5 back to its initial angle; the Z-axis displacement component I and the X-axis displacement component drive the welding torch 3 back to the preset zero position; the Y-axis displacement component and Z-axis displacement component II of the processing image acquisition system drive the line scan camera 7 to reset; the camera and lens 26 of the molten pool vision monitoring system automatically initialize the field of view parameters. Through commands sent by the terminal control system, the angle adjustment component drives the sliding table mounting plate 5 to rotate around the optical axis of the laser head 2, adjusting the initial swing angle of the welding torch 3; the Z-axis displacement component I drives the welding torch 3 to move along the Z-axis within the range of -20 to +20 mm to adapt to the workpiece thickness; the X-axis displacement component drives the welding torch 3 to slide along the X-axis within the range of 0-30 mm, precisely adjusting the "filament spacing" between the welding torch 3 and the laser head 2 to ensure energy matching between the laser and the arc.

[0027] Rotate the set screw of the image acquisition system to push the slider along the slide groove of the connecting plate 6 through the Y-axis displacement component, and adjust the Y-axis position of the line scan camera 7; adjust the Z-axis displacement component II to make the line scan camera 7 slide along the Z-axis until its field of view covers the area to be welded; adjust the camera lens angle to ensure that the laser molten pool shape can be completely captured, and save the parameters after calibration. The terminal control system detects the air pressure status of the multi-layer air knife structure and the fume extraction device, and introduces 0-2 bar high-pressure gas into the air knife air chamber 9 through the high-pressure air pipe connector A10 to confirm that the multi-layer flow channel of the air knife cover can uniformly spray the gas barrier; introduce high-pressure gas into the fume extraction pipes A12 and B14 through the high-pressure air pipe connector B to check whether the smoke flow channel is unobstructed and ensure that the fume extraction function is normal.

[0028] According to the preset welding process, the terminal control system synchronously starts the laser head 2 and the welding torch 3: the laser head 2 outputs a high-energy laser beam to act on the surface of the workpiece to form a molten pool, and the welding torch 3 releases an electric arc to fill the molten pool, thus realizing laser-arc hybrid welding.

[0029] If complex conditions such as changes in workpiece bevel and gap fluctuations occur during the welding process, the terminal control system can adjust the angle adjustment component in real time, so that the hollow turntable 4 drives the sliding table mounting plate 5 to swing back and forth around the optical axis of the laser head 2 at a specific angle, allowing the arc of the welding torch 3 to periodically sweep across both sides of the molten pool, widening the heat-affected zone and avoiding undercut / hump defects; at the same time, the Z-axis height and X-axis position of the welding torch 3 can be finely adjusted through the Z-axis displacement component I and the X-axis displacement component, and parameter optimization can be completed without stopping the machine, avoiding efficiency loss caused by frequent shutdowns.

[0030] The multi-layer air knife structure continuously ejects laminar gas through the multi-layer flow channels of the air knife cover, forming multiple gas barriers below the protective lens of the laser head 2, preventing welding fumes and spatter from spreading to the lens; at the same time, the exhaust pipes A12 and B14 of the fume extraction device blow high-pressure gas to quickly discharge the fumes above the molten pool from the flow channels, avoiding fumes contaminating the protective lens of the laser head 2, reducing the frequency of lens replacement and economic losses.

[0031] With the cooperation of the Z-axis displacement component II and the Y-axis displacement component, the line scan camera 7 captures macroscopic images of the welding area in real time and transmits the image data to the terminal control system to monitor whether the workpiece is offset or tilted.

[0032] The molten pool visual monitoring system continuously captures the molten pool morphology. If abnormalities such as excessive expansion, collapse, or violent fluctuations are detected (corresponding to potential defects such as incomplete fusion, porosity, and depressions), a signal is immediately sent to the terminal control system. The terminal system responds quickly and automatically adjusts parameters such as laser power, welding torch 3 oscillation frequency, or gas flow rate to achieve closed-loop control of "abnormal warning - parameter compensation" and avoid the generation of scrap.

[0033] The terminal control system first shuts down the output of laser head 2 and welding torch 3. After the workpiece molten pool cools down, it delays and shuts down the multi-layer air knife and fume extraction device. Each displacement component and angle adjustment component automatically returns to its initial position to prepare for the next welding.

[0034] The terminal control system automatically saves the process parameters of this welding (position of welding torch 3, oscillation angle, gas flow rate, etc.), visual monitoring images and abnormal handling records, which facilitates subsequent traceability of welding quality and optimization of process parameters.

[0035] Further optimization of the scheme, the multi-layer air knife structure includes: Air knife holder 8 is installed at the bottom of laser head 2; Air chamber component 9 is installed on air knife bracket 8; The air knife cover is installed on the air chamber component 9, and the air inlet faces the front of the laser head 2. High-pressure gas pipe connector A10 is connected to the gas chamber component 9, and high-pressure gas enters the gas chamber through the high-pressure gas pipe connector A10.

[0036] The air chamber component 9 is fixed to the preset mounting position of the air knife bracket 8 by positioning pins and bolts, ensuring that the air chamber component 9 and the laser head 2 remain coaxial; The high-pressure gas pipe connector A10 connects to an external high-pressure gas source. High-pressure protective gas of 0-2 bar enters the gas chamber 9 through the connector. The gas chamber 9 has a built-in guide plate to make the turbulent gas form a uniform laminar flow. The rectified laminar gas is directionally ejected through the multi-layer flow channel of the air knife cover. The airflow direction is directly facing the front of the laser head 2, forming 3-5 parallel gas barriers. This blocks the spread of fumes and spatter generated during the welding process to the protective lens of the laser head 2, and at the same time helps to cool the lower end of the laser head 2 to avoid high-temperature damage.

[0037] The smoke extraction device has been further optimized and includes: Transition piece 11 is installed below the air knife support 8; The exhaust pipe A12 is installed at the bottom of the transition piece 11 via a locking ring A13; Smoke exhaust pipe B14 is installed at the bottom of smoke exhaust pipe A12 via locking ring B15; Copper nozzle 16 is installed below the exhaust pipe B14; High-pressure gas pipe connector B is installed on the side of both exhaust pipe A12 and exhaust pipe B14.

[0038] The transition piece 11 is installed below the air knife support 8. The exhaust pipe A12 is fixed to the bottom of the transition piece 11 by a locking ring A13. The exhaust pipe B14 is installed at the bottom of the exhaust pipe A12 by a locking ring B15. The copper nozzle 16 is installed below the exhaust pipe B14. High-pressure gas pipe connectors B are installed on the sides of exhaust pipes A12 and B14 respectively. During operation, 0-2 bar high-pressure gas enters exhaust pipes A12 and B through high-pressure gas pipe connectors B, creating a negative pressure inside the pipes. This draws in the fumes above the molten pool, which are then discharged from the flow channel with the high-pressure gas flow. Exhaust pipes A12 and B of different lengths can be replaced according to the focal length of the laser head 2 to adapt to different working conditions.

[0039] The scheme is further optimized by adding an angle adjustment component, an angle adjustment motor 17, which is fixed on the hollow turntable 4, and the angle adjustment motor 17 and the hollow turntable 4 are connected by a transmission mechanism.

[0040] The angle adjustment motor 17 is driven by the hollow turntable 4. The terminal control system sends a command to the angle adjustment motor 17, which drives the hollow turntable 4 to rotate. Since the slide mounting plate 5 is fixed on the hollow turntable 4, it drives the slide mounting plate 5 and the welding torch 3 to move around the optical axis of the laser head 2. This can achieve circular rotation or reciprocating oscillation within a specific angle, meet the welding requirements of different welds, and improve the welding quality.

[0041] The scheme is further optimized. The Z-axis displacement assembly includes a manually adjustable lead screw slide I18, which is mounted on the slide mounting plate 5. An adapter plate 19 is mounted on the manually adjustable lead screw slide I18, and the X-axis displacement assembly I is mounted on the adapter plate 19.

[0042] The scheme is further optimized. The X-axis displacement component I includes a manually adjustable lead screw slide II 20, which is mounted on the adapter plate 19. The welding torch 3 is mounted on the manually adjustable lead screw slide II 20 through the connecting flange.

[0043] The manually adjustable lead screw slide I 18 is mounted on the slide mounting plate 5, and the adapter plate 19 is mounted on the slide. The X-axis displacement assembly I is mounted on the adapter plate 19. By turning the lead screw with an Allen wrench, the adapter plate 19 and the subsequent X-axis displacement assembly I and welding torch 3 can be moved along the Z-axis within the range of -20 to +20 mm. After adjusting to the appropriate position, tighten the locking screws on the side of the slide to fix the slider, so as to adapt to the welding height requirements of workpieces with different thicknesses.

[0044] The scheme is further optimized. The Y-axis displacement assembly includes a set screw 21 and a spring. A slider is slidably connected in a groove on the connecting plate 6. A limit block is fixed on one side of the slider and slides with one side of the connecting plate 6. The other side of the slider is fixed to the Z-axis displacement assembly II. The set screw 21 is threaded to one end of the groove and abuts against the slider. A spring is fixed between the slider and the other end of the groove. The set screw 21 and the spring are installed on the connecting plate 6.

[0045] The Y-axis displacement assembly is based on connecting plate 6. Its groove provides a Y-axis motion track for the slider. A limiting block on one side of the slider enhances sliding stability, and the other side connects to the Z-axis displacement assembly II. Set screw 21 is threaded to one end of the groove, and a spring is fixed between the slider and the other end of the groove. The spring's preload ensures the slider remains in contact with the set screw to eliminate gaps. During operation, rotating the set screw changes its extension length, balancing the set screw's thrust and the spring force: when the set screw extends, it pushes the slider to the right against the spring force; when the set screw retracts, the spring pushes the slider to the left, thereby enabling the Z-axis assembly to achieve precise and stable bidirectional Y-axis displacement adjustment.

[0046] The Z-axis displacement assembly II further optimizes the design by including a manually adjustable lead screw slide III 22, with a mounting plate 23 fixed on the other side of the slide, and a line scan camera 7 mounted on the mounting plate 23.

[0047] Further optimization of the solution includes the following: Molten pool visual monitoring system Mounting block: The laser head 2 has mounting holes along the axial direction, and the mounting block is fixed on the laser head 2; A spring seat 24 is mounted on a mounting block, and a clamping seat 25 is mounted on the spring seat 24. The camera and lens 26 are mounted on the clamping seat 25. The angle of view of the camera and lens 26 can be adjusted by adjusting the tightness of the spring seat 24.

[0048] The laser head 2 has mounting holes along its axial direction. A mounting block is fixed on the laser head 2, a spring seat 24 is mounted on the mounting block, and a clamping seat 25 is mounted on the spring seat 24. The camera and lens 26 are placed into the sleeve-type slot of the clamping seat 25, and the bolts on the side wall of the clamping seat 25 are tightened for fixation. By loosening and tightening the bolts of the spring seat 24, the angle of view of the camera and lens 26 is adjusted by the deformation of the torque spring built into the spring seat 24 to ensure complete capture of the molten pool morphology. The camera transmits the molten pool image to the terminal control system in real time. After the system identifies molten pool abnormalities, it triggers process parameter compensation to avoid welding defects.

[0049] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0050] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A novel laser-arc hybrid welding structure, characterized in that, include: The main mounting plate (1) has an L-shaped longitudinal cross-section. Laser head (2), the laser head (2) is mounted on the top of the main mounting plate (1); A multi-layer air knife structure is installed at the bottom of the main laser head (2); A smoke exhaust device is installed at the bottom of the multi-layer air knife structure; The welding device includes a welding torch (3), a hollow turntable (4), a sliding table mounting plate (5), an angle adjustment assembly, an X-axis displacement assembly, and a Z-axis displacement assembly I. The hollow turntable (4) is rotatably connected to the main mounting plate (1), the laser head (2) passes through the hollow turntable (4), the sliding table mounting plate (5) is fixed on the hollow turntable (4), the angle adjustment assembly is mounted on the hollow turntable (4) and is in transmission cooperation with the hollow turntable (4), the Z-axis displacement assembly I is mounted on the sliding table mounting plate (5), the X-axis displacement assembly is mounted on the Z-axis displacement assembly I, and the welding torch (3) is mounted on the X-axis displacement assembly. The processing image acquisition system includes a connecting plate (6), a line scan camera (7), a Y-axis displacement component and a Z-axis displacement component II. The connecting plate (6) is mounted on the main mounting plate (1), the Z-axis displacement component II is mounted on the connecting plate (6) through the Y-axis displacement component, and the line scan camera (7) is mounted on the Z-axis displacement component II. A molten pool visual monitoring system is installed on top of the laser head (2); A terminal control system is used to control the operation of the overall control device.

2. The novel laser-arc hybrid welding structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-layer air knife structure includes: An air knife holder (8) is mounted on the bottom of the laser head (2); Air chamber component (9), said air chamber component (9) is mounted on air knife holder (8); Air knife cover, the air knife cover is installed on the air chamber component (9) and the air inlet is facing the front of the laser head (2); High-pressure gas pipe connector A (10) is connected to the gas chamber component (9), and high-pressure gas enters the gas chamber through the high-pressure gas pipe connector A (10).

3. The novel laser-arc hybrid welding structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The smoke extraction device includes: Transition piece (11), the transition piece (11) is installed below the air knife support (8); Smoke duct A (12), which is installed at the bottom of the transition piece (11) by a locking ring A (13); Smoke duct B (14), which is installed at the bottom of smoke duct A (12) by means of locking ring B (15); A copper nozzle (16) is installed below the exhaust pipe B (14); High-pressure gas pipe connector B is installed on the side of the exhaust pipe A (12) and the exhaust pipe B (14).

4. The novel laser-arc hybrid welding structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The angle adjustment component is an angle adjustment motor (17), which is fixed on the hollow turntable (4). The angle adjustment motor (17) and the hollow turntable (4) are in transmission cooperation.

5. A novel laser-arc hybrid welding structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The Z-axis displacement assembly includes a manually adjustable lead screw slide I (18), which is mounted on the slide mounting plate (5). A transition plate (19) is mounted on the manually adjustable lead screw slide I (18), and the X-axis displacement assembly I is mounted on the transition plate (19).

6. A novel laser-arc hybrid welding structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The X-axis displacement assembly I includes a manually adjustable lead screw slide II (20), which is mounted on the adapter plate (19). The welding torch (3) is mounted on the manually adjustable lead screw slide II (20) via a connecting flange.

7. A novel laser-arc hybrid welding structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The Y-axis displacement assembly includes a set screw (21) and a spring. A slider is slidably connected in a groove on the connecting plate (6). A limit block is fixed on one side of the slider and the limit block is slidably engaged with one side of the connecting plate (6). The other side of the slider is fixed to the Z-axis displacement assembly II. The set screw (21) is threaded to one end of the groove and abuts against the slider. A spring is fixed between the slider and the other end of the groove. The set screw (21) and the spring are mounted on the connecting plate (6).

8. A novel laser-arc hybrid welding structure according to claim 7, characterized in that, The Z-axis displacement assembly II includes a manually adjustable lead screw slide III (22), and a mounting plate (23) is fixed on the other side of the slide. The line scan camera (7) is mounted on the mounting plate (23).

9. A novel laser-arc hybrid welding structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The molten pool visual monitoring system includes: Mounting block, the laser head (2) is provided with mounting holes along the axial direction, and the mounting block is fixed on the laser head (2); A spring seat (24) is mounted on the mounting block. A clamping seat (25) is mounted on the spring seat (24). The camera and lens (26) are mounted on the clamping seat (25). The angle of view of the camera and lens (26) is adjusted by adjusting the tightness of the spring seat (24).

Images