Oscillating working device and machine tool
By using a locking mechanism in a five-axis machine tool to quickly change the rotary table base, the problem of time-consuming and labor-intensive rotary table replacement in existing technologies is solved, thus improving replacement efficiency.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510896363.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-01
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-31
AI Technical Summary
In existing five-axis machine tools, when the rotary table is replaced or functions are added, bolts need to be removed and recalibrated, which is time-consuming and laborious.
A locking mechanism is adopted, including a locking structure and a mating structure. The locking part locks or unlocks the connection between the turntable base and the swing arm in different working states, so as to realize quick replacement of the turntable base.
It improves the efficiency of turntable replacement, and reduces replacement time and calibration workload.
Smart Images
Figure CN120862385A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of processing equipment technology, and in particular to a swing working device and machine tool. Background Technology
[0002] In existing five-axis machine tools, there is generally a swing working device. The swing working device is equipped with a turntable that rotates around the C-axis. Usually, the turntable is fixedly connected to the mounting holes of the swing working device by bolts. The function of the turntable is designed and determined at the factory, such as having turning function, milling function, or grinding function.
[0003] When the aforementioned rotary table needs to be replaced or its functions added, such as when a machine tool for turning and milling or milling and grinding needs to be added, the operator needs to remove the bolts and then install the new C-axis rotary table onto the mounting hole of the swing working device. Moreover, recalibration is required after assembly, which is time-consuming and laborious.
[0004] Therefore, how to quickly replace the C-axis rotary table on the oscillating working device is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention
[0005] This invention provides a swing working device and machine tool, which can quickly change the C-axis rotary table on the swing working device.
[0006] The present invention provides a swing working device, including a base, a swing arm rotatably disposed on the base, a turntable disposed on the swing arm, and a worktable disposed on the turntable. It also includes a locking mechanism. The swing arm has a mounting hole, the turntable is detachably inserted into the mounting hole, and the locking mechanism is disposed on the outer periphery of the turntable and located between the swing arm and the turntable.
[0007] The locking mechanism includes a locking structure and a mating structure. The locking structure is disposed on one of the swing arm and the turntable base, and the mating structure is disposed on the other of the swing arm and the turntable base. The locking structure is provided with a locking part facing the mating structure. In a first working state of the locking part, the locking part is inserted into the mating structure to lock the swing arm and the turntable base. In a second working state of the locking part, the locking part is released from the mating structure.
[0008] In some feasible embodiments, the locking structure further includes a cylinder fixedly mounted on the rocker arm or the turntable base. The cylinder includes a piston chamber. The locking part includes a locking sleeve and a push rod. The locking sleeve covers the piston chamber and extends to one side of the mating structure. One end of the push rod is slidably disposed in the piston chamber, and the other end of the push rod extends into the locking sleeve. The mating structure includes a mating groove that matches the locking sleeve. The locking sleeve can be inserted into the mating groove to restrict the turntable base from rotating axially relative to the rocker arm. The push rod is used to lock the rocker arm and the turntable base.
[0009] In some feasible implementations, the locking part further includes a locking member, and the mating structure further includes a locking groove disposed on the inner peripheral wall of the mating groove. The locking member is movably disposed on the locking sleeve, and the push rod is used to control the locking member to engage with the locking groove to lock the swing arm and the turntable base.
[0010] In some feasible embodiments, the outer periphery of the push rod has a pushing section and a recessed section at different heights along its axial direction. The peripheral wall of the locking sleeve is provided with a through hole that matches the locking member. The locking member is disposed at the through hole. When the pushing section contacts the locking member, the locking member extends out of the through hole and is used to cooperate with the locking groove. When the recessed section contacts the locking member, the locking member retracts into the through hole and separates from the locking groove.
[0011] In some feasible embodiments, the locking element is a locking ball, the recessed section is an annular groove, the outer diameter of the pushing section is larger than the bottom diameter of the recessed section and smaller than the inner diameter of the locking sleeve. In the first working state of the locking part, the two sides of the locking ball abut against the pushing section and the locking groove respectively to restrict the axial movement of the turntable relative to the swing arm. In the second working state of the locking part, the locking ball retracts into the annular groove to separate the locking ball from the locking groove, thereby releasing the restriction on the axial movement of the turntable relative to the swing arm.
[0012] In some feasible embodiments, the locking part further includes a return spring, the push rod includes a piston disposed in the piston chamber, and the return spring is disposed between the piston and the locking sleeve for driving the push rod to engage the recessed section with the locking member.
[0013] In some feasible embodiments, the locking part further includes a locking spring, the push rod includes a piston disposed in the piston chamber, and the locking spring is disposed between the piston and the piston chamber for driving the push rod to engage the pushing section with the locking member.
[0014] In some feasible implementations, a drive oil passage is also included, which is connected to the piston chamber and is used to control the movement of the push rod.
[0015] In some feasible embodiments, the locking sleeve has an open end and an extended end away from the open end, the other end of the push rod extends into the extended end through the open end, the extended end has a tapered guide portion, and the open end of the locking sleeve has a flange structure, the flange structure being fixed to the cylinder body.
[0016] The number of locking mechanisms is at least two, and at least two locking mechanisms are arranged circumferentially along the turntable base.
[0017] The present invention also provides a machine tool, including a bed and the above-mentioned swing working device, wherein the base of the swing working device is disposed on the bed.
[0018] The aforementioned swing working device comprises a base, a swing arm rotatably mounted on the base, a turntable mounted on the swing arm, a worktable mounted on the turntable, and a locking mechanism. The swing arm has mounting holes, and the turntable is detachably inserted into these holes. The locking mechanism is located on the outer periphery of the turntable and between the swing arm and the turntable. The locking mechanism includes a locking structure and a mating structure. The locking structure is located on one of the swing arm and the turntable, and the mating structure is located on the other. The locking structure has a locking part facing the mating structure. In a first working state, the locking part is inserted into the mating structure to lock the swing arm and the turntable. In a second working state, the locking part is released from the mating structure.
[0019] This allows the rotary table base and the swing arm to be locked in the first working state of the locking mechanism, facilitating the current rotary table's processing of the workpiece. When it is necessary to replace the rotary table base with other types (milling rotary table base, turning-milling composite rotary table base, milling-grinding composite rotary table base), the working state of the locking mechanism can be switched to the second working state, facilitating the replacement of the current rotary table base. After the new rotary table base is installed, the working state of the locking mechanism can be switched back to the first working state, allowing the workpiece to be processed through the new rotary table base, thus accelerating the efficiency of rotary table base replacement. Attached Figure Description
[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without any creative effort.
[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a swing working device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
[0022] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of a swing working device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
[0023] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged diagram of B in the diagram.
[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the first working state of the locking member in a swing working device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a second working state of the locking member in a swing working device provided in another embodiment of the present invention.
[0026] Component Symbol Explanation
[0027] 100. Base; D. Mounting hole; 200. Swing arm; 210. First bridge plate; 220. Second bridge plate; 230. Third bridge plate; 300. Turntable base; 310. Mounting boss; 400. Locking mechanism; 410. Locking structure; 411. Locking part; 4111. Locking sleeve; Q. Open end; L. Extended end; L1. Guide part; K. Through hole; 4112. Push rod; T. Push section; A. Recessed section; 4113. Locking element; 4114. Locking spring; 4115. Return spring; 4116. Piston; 4117. Flange structure; 412. Cylinder body; 4121. Piston chamber; 420. Mating structure; 421. Mating groove; 422. Locking groove; 500. Worktable; 600. First shaft assembly; G. Drive oil circuit; 700. Second shaft assembly.
[0028] The realization of the objective, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation
[0029] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.
[0030] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.
[0031] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.
[0032] To provide a clearer and more accurate understanding of the present invention, a detailed description will now be provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings illustrate examples of embodiments of the present invention, wherein the same reference numerals denote the same elements. It is to be understood that the scale shown in the accompanying drawings is not the actual scale of the present invention, and is for illustrative purposes only, and is not a drawing based on the original dimensions.
[0033] With the development of rotary tables, they not only have the function of milling, but also have the functions of turning and milling or milling and grinding. The three functions are suitable for different processing scenarios. However, the connection between each rotary table base and the swing arm is mostly fixed together by at least six bolts. When it is necessary to switch to a rotary table with other functions, the old rotary table must be disassembled first and then the new rotary table is installed. This takes a lot of time. In addition, the new rotary table needs to be re-aligned and corrected due to the bolt connection, which is a great waste of time.
[0034] To address the issue of time-consuming disassembly and reassembly of turntables with different functions, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1 and 2This application provides a swing working device, including a base 100, a swing arm 200 rotatably disposed on the base 100, a turntable 300 disposed on the swing arm 200, and a worktable 500 disposed on the turntable 300. The swing arm 200 has a mounting hole D, and the turntable 300 is detachably inserted into the mounting hole D. The device also includes a locking mechanism 400.
[0035] Please refer to Figure 1 The base 100 provides support for structural components mounted on it. The swing arm 200 is rotatably mounted on the base 100. In this embodiment, there are two bases 100 spaced apart. The two ends of the swing arm 200 are rotatably mounted on the two bases 100 respectively. The turntable base 300 mounts the turntable and the worktable 500. The swing arm 200 drives the turntable base 300 and the worktable 500 to rotate around the axis of rotation between the two bases 100. In some other embodiments, there is only one base 100, and the swing arm 200 is a single swing arm. The number of swing arms 200 can be selected based on the size and material hardness of the workpiece being processed, and is not limited here.
[0036] Please refer to Figure 2 and 3 The locking mechanism 400 is used to lock or unlock the swing arm 200 and the turntable base 300. The specific structure of the locking mechanism 400 is described below. The locking mechanism 400 is disposed on the outer periphery of the turntable base 300 and located between the swing arm 200 and the turntable base 300. There are at least two locking mechanisms 400, and the at least two locking mechanisms 400 are arranged along the circumference of the turntable base 300.
[0037] Please refer to Figure 3 and 4 The detailed structure of each locking mechanism 400 is described below. Each locking mechanism 400 includes a locking structure 410 and a mating structure 420. The locking structure 410 is disposed on one of the swing arm 200 and the turntable base 300, and the mating structure 420 is disposed on the other of the swing arm 200 and the turntable base 300. The locking structure 410 is mated with the two structures and switches between a first working state and a second working state, thereby locking or unlocking the turntable base 300 and the swing arm 200. It can be understood that in this application, the locking part 411 is inserted into the mating structure 420 to achieve locking. Structures that can achieve locking through the insertion of two structural members are all within the protection scope of this application.
[0038] Please refer to Figure 3The specific structure of the locking structure 410 is described below. The locking structure 410 is provided with a locking part 411 facing the mating structure 420. In the first working state of the locking part 411, the locking part 411 is inserted into the mating structure 420 to lock the swing arm 200 and the turntable base 300. In the second working state of the locking part 411, the locking part 411 is unlocked from the mating structure 420. It can be understood that the swing arm 200 and the turntable base 300 can move in two directions: one is to rise and fall along the axis of the turntable base 300, and the other is to rotate relative to the swing arm 200 around the rotation axis of the worktable 500. The insertion of the locking part 411 can restrict the rise and fall of the swing arm 200 and the rotation of the turntable base 300 along the axis and the rotation along the rotation axis, both of which are within the protection scope of this application.
[0039] Please refer to Figure 3 The locking part 411 is described below as limiting the rotation of the turntable base 300 relative to the swing arm 200 around the rotation axis. The locking structure 410 also includes a cylinder 412 fixedly disposed on the swing arm 200 or the turntable base 300. In this embodiment, the cylinder 412 is annular, and the outer periphery of the turntable base 300 is provided with a mounting boss 310. When the turntable base 300 is inserted into the mounting hole D, the mounting boss 310, the cylinder 412, and the swing arm... 200 are stacked vertically. The locking part 411 includes a locking sleeve 4111. The locking sleeve 4111 is fixed relative to the cylinder body 412. For example, the locking sleeve 4111 is inserted into the cylinder body 412. Or, the locking sleeve 4111 is integrally formed with the cylinder body 412. Or, the locking sleeve 4111 is fixedly connected to the cylinder body 412. Any solution that can keep the locking sleeve 4111 fixed relative to the cylinder body 412 can be flexibly adopted according to the actual situation.
[0040] Please refer to Figure 3 The following describes how the locking sleeve 4111 is fixed relative to the mating structure 420. Specifically, the mating structure 420 includes a mating groove 421 that matches the locking sleeve 4111. The locking sleeve 4111 can be inserted into the mating groove 421 to restrict the rotation of the turntable 300 relative to the rocker arm 200 about the axis. The locking sleeve 4111 can be axial and has a cavity inside. The mating groove 421 extends along the axis. When the turntable 300 is installed onto the cylinder 412 and the rocker arm 200 by gravity, the locking sleeve 4111 and the mating groove 421 are aligned along the axis and inserted by rotating the turntable 300. This restricts the rotation of the turntable 300 relative to the rocker arm 200 about the axis of rotation. This is suitable for vertical machining centers. In this way, during machining, the machining between the tool and the workpiece can strengthen the clamping of the turntable 300 relative to the cylinder 412 and the rocker arm 200 along the axis.
[0041] Please refer to Figure 3 To further restrict the rotation of the turntable base 300 relative to the rocker arm 200 along the rotation axis, the cylinder body 412 includes a piston chamber 4121, and the locking part 411 further includes a push rod 4112. The locking sleeve 4111 covers the piston chamber 4121 and extends to one side of the mating structure 420. The push rod 4112 is slidably disposed within the locking sleeve 4111 along the axis. Specifically, the push rod 4112 is slidably disposed within the chamber of the locking sleeve 4111, and one end of the push rod 4112 is slidably disposed within the... Inside the piston chamber 4121, the other end of the push rod 4112 extends into the locking sleeve 4111. The push rod 4112 is used to lock the rocker arm 200 and the turntable base 300. It can be understood that the locking sleeve 4111 has a cavity, so its rigidity is insufficient. The push rod 4112 is solid. The push rod 4112 and the locking sleeve 4111 are inserted into the mating groove 421 together, thereby avoiding the situation where the locking sleeve 4111 breaks due to insufficient rigidity caused by simply inserting the locking sleeve 4111 into the mating groove 421.
[0042] Please refer to Figure 3 To facilitate the limiting of the sliding stroke of the push rod 4112 within the locking sleeve 4111 at the end of its travel, the locking sleeve 4111 has an open end Q and an extended end L away from the open end Q. The open end Q of the locking sleeve 4111 has a flange structure 4117, which is fixed to the cylinder body 412. By providing the flange structure 4117, the locking sleeve 4111 and the cylinder body 412 can be fixed together. It can be understood that both the cylinder body 412 and the flange structure 4117 are fixedly installed in the mounting groove of the rocker arm 200. The other end of the push rod 4112 extends into the extended end L through the open end Q. The extended end L has a converging guide portion L1. For example, the guide portion L1 is formed by the extended end L converging and extending away from the open end Q. It can be understood that in other embodiments, the guide portion L1 can be a guide groove, and the structure of the guide portion L1 is not limited to this; it can also be a guide hole. It is understood that in some other embodiments, the positions of cylinder 412 and locking sleeve 4111 can be interchanged, and the mounting boss 310, cylinder 412 and rocker arm 200 are stacked axially, with locking sleeve 4111 installed inside rocker arm 200.
[0043] Please refer to Figure 2 and 3To facilitate the sliding of the push rod 4112 within the locking sleeve 4111, the swing working device further includes a drive oil passage G, which is connected to the piston chamber 4121 and is used to control the movement of the push rod 4112. Specifically, the drive oil passage G is disposed within the swing arm 200, which includes a first bridge plate 210 and a third bridge plate 230 spaced apart, and a second bridge plate 220 connected to the bottom of the first bridge plate 210 and the third bridge plate 230. The drive oil passage G is disposed within the second bridge plate 220. The swing working device also includes a first shaft assembly 600 and a second shaft assembly 700 spaced apart. The first bridge plate 210 is rotatably connected to the first shaft assembly 600, and the third bridge plate 230 is rotatably connected to the second shaft assembly 700. The second shaft assembly 700 is also provided with a rotary oil supply passage connected to the drive oil passage G.
[0044] Please refer to Figure 5 In some other embodiments, in order to facilitate the push rod 4112 being in the first working state under normal conditions within the locking sleeve 4111, thereby adapting to the machine tool being in the processing state most of the time and in the detachable state for a few times, the locking part 411 further includes a locking spring 4114. The push rod 4112 includes a piston disposed in the piston chamber 4121, and the locking spring 4114 is disposed between the piston and the piston chamber 4121, for driving the push rod 4112 to make the pushing section T cooperate with the locking member 4113. The locking spring 4114 is normally in the first compression state, continuously pressing against the push rod 4112, so that the push rod 4112 is kept in the first working state. When the turntable base 300 needs to be disassembled, a power chamber is provided between the side of the piston and the rocker arm 200. When high-pressure hydraulic oil is introduced into the power chamber, it drives the piston to move into the piston chamber 4121, further compressing the locking spring 4114 so that the locking spring 4114 is in a second compression state. It can be understood that the height of the locking spring 4114 in the second compression state is lower than that of the locking spring 4114 in the first compression state, thereby counteracting the elastic force of the locking spring 4114, so that the turntable base 300 and the cylinder 412 can be raised and lowered axially.
[0045] Please refer to Figure 3 In order for the push rod 4112 to be reset after the hydraulic oil in the piston chamber 4121 is retracted from the driving oil circuit G, so that the push rod 4112 can be disengaged from the locking sleeve 4111, the locking part 411 also includes a return spring 4115. The push rod 4112 includes a piston disposed in the piston chamber 4121. The return spring 4115 is disposed between the piston and the locking sleeve 4111, and is used to drive the push rod 4112 to make the recessed section A cooperate with the locking member 4113, so that the turntable base 300 can move up and down axially relative to the swing arm 200.
[0046] Please refer to Figure 3In some other machining scenarios, such as horizontal machining scenarios, in order to limit the lifting and lowering of the rotary table 300 relative to the swing arm 200 along the axis, the locking part 411 also includes a locking member 4113, and the mating structure 420 also includes a locking groove 422 disposed on the inner peripheral wall of the mating groove 421. The locking member 4113 is movably disposed on the locking sleeve 4111. It can be understood that the locking member 4113 is movably disposed on the locking sleeve 4111 along the radial direction of the worktable 500, and the push rod 4112 is used to control the locking member 4113. In conjunction with the locking groove 422, the rocker arm 200 and the turntable base 300 are locked. It can be understood that, for example, the volume of the locking member 4113 itself can expand or shrink to achieve frictional contact with the push rod 4112 and the locking groove 422, thereby locking the push rod 4112 and the locking groove 422 along the axis. Alternatively, the push rod 4112 can drive the locking member 4113 to move, thereby achieving abutment between the locking member 4113 and the groove wall of the push rod 4112 and the locking groove 422, thereby locking the push rod 4112 and the locking groove 422 along the axis.
[0047] Please refer to Figure 3 The specific structure of the locking member 4113 is described below. The outer periphery of the push rod 4112 has a pushing section T and a recessed section A at different heights along its axial direction. It can be understood that the outer diameter of the pushing section T is larger than the bottom diameter of the recessed section A. The pushing section T extends a certain distance along the axial direction, and the recessed section A also extends a certain distance along the axial direction. This allows for better pushing or accommodating of the locking member 4113. When the difference between the outer diameter of the pushing section T and the bottom diameter of the recessed section A is relatively large, an inclined section can be provided between the pushing section T and the recessed section A to achieve a transition and avoid wear caused by a large instantaneous radial displacement of the locking member 4113.
[0048] The locking sleeve 4111 has a through hole K on its peripheral wall that matches the locking member 4113. The through hole K is used to limit the axial position of the locking member 4113 and guide the radial movement path of the locking member 4113. The locking member 4113 is located at the through hole K. When the pushing section T contacts the locking member 4113, the locking member 4113 extends out of the through hole K and is used to cooperate with the locking groove 422. It can be understood that at this time, the locking member 4113 is in the first working state, and the locking member 4113 abuts against the locking groove 422 and the push rod 4112 in both the axial and radial directions, thereby keeping the turntable base 300, cylinder 412 and rocker arm 200 fixed along the axis. When the recessed section A contacts the locking member 4113, the locking member 4113 retracts into the through hole K and separates from the locking groove 422. It can be understood that at this time, the locking member 4113 is in the second working state, and the locking member 4113 is separated from the locking groove 422 at least radially, thereby releasing the turntable base 300, cylinder 412 and rocker arm 200 from locking along the axis, so that other functions of the turntable base 300 can be installed onto the rocker arm 200.
[0049] The locking element 4113 can be arc-shaped, and the locking groove 422 is also arc-shaped. In this embodiment, please refer to... Figure 3 The locking element 4113 is a locking ball, and the peripheral wall of the locking sleeve 4111 is provided with four through holes K that match the locking element 4113. It can be understood that the number of through holes K can be adjusted according to the actual situation. When it is necessary to lock the turntable base 300 and the swing arm 200 more stably along the axial direction, the number of through holes K can be increased. The center lines of the four through holes K are connected in a cross shape. Each locking sleeve 4111 is equipped with four locking elements 4113. The recessed section A is an annular groove. The outer diameter of the pushing section T is larger than the bottom diameter of the recessed section A and smaller than the inner diameter of the locking sleeve 4111. In the first working state of the locking part 411, the two sides of the locking ball abut against the bottom of the pushing section T and the locking groove 422 respectively to restrict the turntable base 300 from moving axially relative to the swing arm 200. In the second working state of the locking part 411, the locking ball retracts into the annular groove to separate the locking ball from the bottom of the locking groove 422, thereby releasing the restriction on the axial movement of the turntable base 300 relative to the swing arm 200.
[0050] The aforementioned swing working device comprises a base 100, a swing arm 200 rotatably mounted on the base 100, a turntable 300 mounted on the swing arm 200, a worktable 500 mounted on the turntable 300, and a locking mechanism 400. The swing arm 200 has a mounting hole D, and the turntable 300 is detachably inserted into the mounting hole D. The locking mechanism 400 is located on the outer periphery of the turntable 300 and between the swing arm 200 and the turntable 300. The locking mechanism 400 includes a locking structure 410 and a mating structure 420. The locking structure 410 is disposed on one of the swing arm 200 and the turntable base 300, and the mating structure 420 is disposed on the other of the swing arm 200 and the turntable base 300. The locking structure 410 is provided with a locking part 411 facing the mating structure 420. In the first working state of the locking part 411, the locking part 411 is inserted into the mating structure 420 to lock the swing arm 200 and the turntable base 300. In the second working state of the locking part 411, the locking part 411 and the mating structure 420 are unlocked.
[0051] This allows the rotary table 300 and the swing arm 200 to be locked in the first working state of the locking mechanism 400, facilitating the current rotary table's processing of the workpiece. When it is necessary to replace the rotary table with another type (milling rotary table, turning-milling composite rotary table, milling-grinding composite rotary table), the working state of the locking mechanism 400 can be switched to the second working state, facilitating the replacement of the current rotary table. After the new rotary table is installed, the working state of the locking mechanism 400 can be switched back to the first working state, allowing the workpiece to be processed through the new rotary table, thus accelerating the efficiency of rotary table replacement.
[0052] The present invention also provides a machine tool, including a bed and the above-mentioned swing working device, wherein the base 100 of the swing working device is disposed on the bed, and the rotary table 300 is any one of a milling rotary table, a turning-milling composite rotary table, and a milling-grinding composite rotary table.
[0053] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.
[0054] The above-listed embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Therefore, any equivalent variations made in accordance with the claims of the present invention are still within the scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A swing working device, comprising a base (100), a swing arm (200) rotatably disposed on the base (100), a turntable (300) disposed on the swing arm (200), and a worktable (500) disposed on the turntable (300), characterized in that, It also includes a locking mechanism (400), on which a mounting hole (D) is formed, and the turntable base (300) is detachably inserted into the mounting hole (D). The locking mechanism (400) is disposed on the outer periphery of the turntable base (300) and located between the swing arm (200) and the turntable base (300). The locking mechanism (400) includes a locking structure (410) and a mating structure (420). The locking structure (410) is disposed on one of the swing arm (200) and the turntable base (300), and the mating structure (420) is disposed on the other of the swing arm (200) and the turntable base (300). The locking structure (410) is provided with a locking part (411) facing the mating structure (420). In a first working state of the locking part (411), the locking part (411) is inserted into the mating structure (420) to lock the swing arm (200) and the turntable base (300). In a second working state of the locking part (411), the locking part (411) and the mating structure (420) are unlocked.
2. The swing working device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The locking structure (410) further includes a cylinder (412) fixedly mounted on the rocker arm (200) or the turntable base (300). The cylinder (412) includes a piston chamber (4121). The locking part (411) includes a locking sleeve (4111) and a push rod (4112). The locking sleeve (4111) covers the piston chamber (4121) and extends to one side of the mating structure (420). One end of the push rod (4112) is slidably mounted on the piston chamber (4121). Inside the piston chamber (4121), the other end of the push rod (4112) extends into the locking sleeve (4111). The mating structure (420) includes a mating groove (421) that matches the locking sleeve (4111). The locking sleeve (4111) can be inserted into the mating groove (421) to restrict the rotation of the turntable base (300) relative to the rocker arm (200) about the axial direction. The push rod (4112) is used to lock the rocker arm (200) and the turntable base (300).
3. The swing working device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The locking part (411) further includes a locking member (4113), and the mating structure (420) further includes a locking groove (422) disposed on the inner peripheral wall of the mating groove (421). The locking member (4113) is movably disposed on the locking sleeve (4111), and the push rod (4112) is used to control the locking member (4113) to engage with the locking groove (422) to lock the swing arm (200) and the turntable base (300).
4. The swing working device as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The outer periphery of the push rod (4112) has a pushing section (T) and a recessed section (A) at different heights along its axial direction. The peripheral wall of the locking sleeve (4111) is provided with a through hole (K) that matches the locking member (4113). The locking member (4113) is located at the through hole (K). When the pushing section (T) contacts the locking member (4113), the locking member (4113) extends out of the through hole (K) and is used to cooperate with the locking groove (422). When the recessed section (A) contacts the locking member (4113), the locking member (4113) retracts into the through hole (K) and separates from the locking groove (422).
5. The swing working device as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The locking element (4113) is a locking ball, the recessed section (A) is an annular groove, the outer diameter of the pushing section (T) is larger than the bottom diameter of the recessed section (A) and smaller than the inner diameter of the locking sleeve (4111). In the first working state of the locking part (411), the two sides of the locking ball abut against the pushing section (T) and the locking groove (422) respectively to restrict the turntable base (300) from moving up and down axially relative to the swing arm (200). In the second working state of the locking part (411), the locking ball retracts into the annular groove to separate the locking ball from the locking groove (422), thereby releasing the restriction on the turntable base (300) from moving up and down axially relative to the swing arm (200).
6. The swing working device as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The locking part (411) further includes a return spring (4115), the push rod (4112) includes a piston (4116) disposed in the piston chamber (4121), and the return spring (4115) is disposed between the piston (4116) and the locking sleeve (4111) for driving the push rod (4112) to make the recessed section (A) cooperate with the locking member (4113).
7. The swing working device as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The locking part (411) further includes a locking spring (4114), the push rod (4112) includes a piston disposed in the piston chamber (4121), and the locking spring (4114) is disposed between the piston and the piston chamber (4121) for driving the push rod (4112) to make the pushing section (T) cooperate with the locking member (4113).
8. The swing working device according to any one of claims 2-6, characterized in that, It also includes a drive oil passage (G) that is connected to the piston chamber (4121) and is used to control the movement of the push rod (4112).
9. The swing working device as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The locking sleeve (4111) has an open end (Q) and an extended end (L) away from the open end (Q). The other end of the push rod (4112) extends into the extended end (L) through the open end (Q). The extended end (L) has a tapered guide portion (L1). The open end (Q) of the locking sleeve (4111) has a flange structure (4117), which is fixed to the cylinder body (412). The number of locking mechanisms (400) is at least two, and at least two locking mechanisms (400) are arranged circumferentially along the turntable base (300).
10. A machine tool, comprising a bed, characterized in that, It also includes the swing working device as described in any one of claims 1-9, wherein the base of the swing working device is disposed on the bed.