Expanding agent and application method thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses an expanding agent and an application method thereof, the expanding agent comprises a filler, a flame retardant and a reactant, the filler comprises, by mass, 15-20 parts of sawdust, 0.2-0.4 part of silicon powder and 0.2-0.4 part of silicon dioxide, the flame retardant comprises, by mass, 0.004-0.008 part of magnesium sulfate and 0.106-0.194 part of a metal oxide, and the reactant comprises, by mass, 20-30 parts of a filler, 0.2-0.4 part of silicon powder and 0.2-0.4 part of silicon dioxide. The reactants comprise the following components in parts by weight: 45 to 55 parts of carbon powder, 0.01 to 0.03 part of powdered sulfur, 0.019 to 0.058 part of metal chloride, 0.005 to 0.02 part of strontium carbonate, 0.006 to 0.01 part of titanium carbide, 0.001 to 0.01 part of sodium hydroxide and 0.01 to 0.03 part of multi-element compound fertilizer; the application method comprises the following steps: S1, preparing the expanding agent: weighing the raw materials of the filling agent, the flame retardant and the reactants, and mixing; s2, expanding agent filling, wherein the drilling holes are filled with the expanding agent through a container and a containing carrier; and S3, reacting and crushing: filling a liquid oxygen or hydrogen peroxide solution, and performing pulse high-voltage breakdown at the same time. The expanding agent is low in operation cost and good in crushing effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of expanding agent technology, and in particular to an expanding agent and its application method. Background Technology

[0002] Mining expansion agents are non-explosive materials used for micro-dynamic crushing of rocks, stabilizing soil, or concrete. Compared to explosive crushing, existing expansion agents have a longer working time, making them unsuitable for emergency projects and posing safety issues. During operation, it is necessary to avoid splashing of the expansion agent slurry or flying rocks that could injure people during the expansion process. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an expanding agent and its application method.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is: an expanding agent, comprising a filler, a flame retardant, and reactants. By mass parts, the filler comprises 15-20 parts sawdust, 0.2-0.4 parts silicon powder, and 0.2-0.4 parts silicon dioxide; the flame retardant comprises 0.004-0.008 parts magnesium sulfate and 0.106-0.194 parts metal oxide; and the reactants comprise 45-55 parts carbon powder, 0.01-0.03 parts sulfur powder, 0.019-0.058 parts metal chloride, 0.005-0.02 parts strontium carbonate, 0.006-0.01 parts titanium carbide, 0.001-0.01 parts sodium hydroxide, and 0.01-0.03 parts multi-element compound fertilizer.

[0005] In some embodiments, the metal oxide includes 0.01-0.03 parts magnesium oxide, 0.05-0.09 parts calcium oxide, 0.005-0.009 parts copper oxide, 0.04-0.06 parts iron oxide, and 0.001-0.005 parts aluminum oxide.

[0006] In some embodiments, the metal chloride includes 0.01-0.03 parts of potassium chloride, 0.004-0.008 parts of sodium chloride, and 0.005-0.02 parts of polyaluminum chloride.

[0007] In some embodiments, the filler includes 17 parts sawdust, 0.2889 parts silicon powder, and 0.2889 parts silicon dioxide; the flame retardant includes 0.006 parts magnesium sulfate and 0.1546 parts metal oxide; and the reactants include 50 parts carbon powder, 0.02 parts sulfur powder, 0.0378 parts metal chloride, 0.011 parts strontium carbonate, 0.0084 parts titanium carbide, 0.0056 parts sodium hydroxide, and 0.0189 parts multi-element compound fertilizer.

[0008] In some embodiments, the metal oxides include 0.02 parts magnesium oxide, 0.072 parts calcium oxide, 0.0073 parts copper oxide, 0.052 parts iron oxide, and 0.0033 parts aluminum oxide; and / or, the metal chlorides include 0.02 parts potassium chloride, 0.0067 parts sodium chloride, and 0.0111 parts polyaluminum chloride.

[0009] This invention also proposes a method for applying the above-mentioned expanding agent in mining, which includes the following steps, wherein the raw materials are in parts by mass:

[0010] S1. Preparation of Expanding Agent: Weigh the raw materials, filler, flame retardant, and reactants and mix them to prepare the expanding agent; the filler includes 15-20 parts sawdust, 0.2-0.4 parts silicon powder, and 0.2-0.4 parts silicon dioxide; the flame retardant includes 0.004-0.008 parts magnesium sulfate and 0.106-0.194 parts metal oxide; the reactants include 45-55 parts carbon powder, 0.01-0.03 parts sulfur powder, 0.019-0.058 parts metal chloride, 0.005-0.02 parts strontium carbonate, 0.006-0.01 parts titanium carbide, 0.001-0.01 parts sodium hydroxide, and 0.01-0.03 parts multi-element compound fertilizer;

[0011] S2. Filling with expanding agent: Fill the expanding agent into a container and seal it, then place the container in a carrier; drill holes in the rock of the mine, fill the carrier into the holes to a depth of 70-90% of the hole depth.

[0012] S3. Reaction and Crushing: Insert the fitting into the container and fill the container with liquid oxygen or 3-5% hydrogen peroxide solution until the mass percentage of the expanding agent in the container is 40-50%, so that it reacts with the reactants to generate gas. At the same time, pulse high-pressure breakdown is performed to make the gas expand and crush the rock.

[0013] In some embodiments, in step S3, a thermistor and wires are first filled into the container through a pipe, then liquid oxygen or hydrogen peroxide solution is filled in, and then a pulsed high voltage is applied to break down the thermistor.

[0014] In some embodiments, the thermistor has a resistance of 800-1200Ω, the wire has a cross-sectional area of ​​0.4-0.8 square millimeters, and the pulse high voltage is 1600V-2000V.

[0015] In some embodiments, in step S2, the amount of expanding agent filled, by mass percentage, is 0.01-0.05% of the limestone in the mine; and / or,

[0016] The container is a longitudinally elongated flexible container with a diameter of 70-90mm; and / or, the container is a canvas bag or linen bag; and / or, the container carrier is a fire hose.

[0017] In some embodiments, in step S3, the fitting is an aluminum or copper tube with a diameter of 5.5-9.5 mm.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0019] In the expanding agent of the present invention, sawdust, silica powder and silicon dioxide are used as fillers, magnesium sulfate and metal oxides are used as flame retardants, and carbon powder, sulfur powder, metal chloride, strontium carbonate, titanium carbide, sodium hydroxide and multi-element compound fertilizer are used as reactants. Compared with existing expanding agents, the expanding agent of the present invention has the following advantages: the raw materials are simple and easy to purchase, there are no dangerous chemicals or toxic substances, the expanding agent is easy to fill, the transportation and storage conditions are not demanding, it is suitable for emergency construction, and the operation time is short.

[0020] The method for applying the expanding agent of the present invention in mining involves first placing the prepared expanding agent into a borehole in the rock through a container and a carrier, then diluting the expanding agent with liquid oxygen or hydrogen peroxide solution, and simultaneously performing pulsed high-pressure breakdown, causing the gas generated by the reaction to expand and break the rock, thereby reducing the labor and mechanical operating costs, and thus achieving energy saving, emission reduction, consumption reduction and improved safety. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To provide a clearer understanding of the technical features, objectives, and effects of this invention, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments. These embodiments are only used to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention.

[0022] This invention proposes an expanding agent comprising a filler, a flame retardant, and reactants. By mass, the filler comprises 15-20 parts sawdust, 0.2-0.4 parts silica powder, and 0.2-0.4 parts silicon dioxide; the flame retardant comprises 0.004-0.008 parts magnesium sulfate and 0.106-0.194 parts metal oxide; and the reactants comprise 45-55 parts carbon powder, 0.01-0.03 parts sulfur powder, 0.019-0.058 parts metal chloride, 0.005-0.02 parts strontium carbonate, 0.006-0.01 parts titanium carbide, 0.001-0.01 parts sodium hydroxide, and 0.01-0.03 parts multi-element compound fertilizer.

[0023] All the above raw materials are solid powders. The sawdust in the filler can be selected in quantities of 15, 17, 18, 19, or 20 parts, the silicon powder in quantities of 0.2, 0.3, or 0.4 parts, and the silicon dioxide in quantities of 0.2, 0.3, or 0.4 parts. The magnesium sulfate in the flame retardant can be selected in quantities of 0.004, 0.006, or 0.008 parts, and the metal oxide in quantities of 0.106, 0.15, or 0.194 parts. The reactants can be prepared in quantities such as 45, 48, 50, 52, or 55 parts of carbon powder, 0.01, 0.02, or 0.03 parts of sulfur powder, 0.005, 0.01, or 0.02 parts of strontium carbonate, 0.006, 0.008, or 0.01 parts of titanium carbide, 0.019, 0.025, or 0.058 parts of metal chloride, 0.001, 0.005, or 0.01 parts of sodium hydroxide, and 0.01, 0.02, or 0.03 parts of multi-element compound fertilizer. The multi-element compound fertilizer contains nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium.

[0024] Specifically, the metal oxides include 0.01-0.03 parts of magnesium oxide, 0.05-0.09 parts of calcium oxide, 0.005-0.009 parts of copper oxide, 0.04-0.06 parts of iron oxide, and 0.001-0.005 parts of aluminum oxide. Understandably, magnesium oxide can be selected at 0.01, 0.02, or 0.03 parts, calcium oxide at 0.05, 0.07, or 0.09 parts, copper oxide at 0.005, 0.007, or 0.009 parts, iron oxide at 0.04, 0.05, or 0.06 parts, and aluminum oxide at 0.001, 0.002, or 0.005 parts.

[0025] The metal chlorides include 0.01-0.03 parts potassium chloride, 0.004-0.008 parts sodium chloride, and 0.005-0.02 parts polyaluminum chloride. Understandably, potassium chloride can be selected at 0.01, 0.02, or 0.03 parts, sodium chloride at 0.004, 0.006, or 0.008 parts, and polyaluminum chloride at 0.005, 0.01, 0.015, or 0.02 parts.

[0026] All of the above ingredients are commercially available products.

[0027] In one specific embodiment, the filler in the expanding agent includes 17 parts sawdust, 0.2889 parts silica powder, and 0.2889 parts silicon dioxide; the flame retardant includes 0.006 parts magnesium sulfate and 0.1546 parts metal oxides, wherein the metal oxides include 0.02 parts magnesium oxide, 0.072 parts calcium oxide, 0.0073 parts copper oxide, 0.052 parts iron oxide, and 0.0033 parts aluminum oxide; the reactants include 50 parts carbon powder, 0.02 parts sulfur powder, 0.0378 parts metal chloride, 0.011 parts strontium carbonate, 0.0084 parts titanium carbide, 0.0056 parts sodium hydroxide, and 0.0189 parts multi-element compound fertilizer, wherein the metal chlorides include 0.02 parts potassium chloride, 0.0067 parts sodium chloride, and 0.0111 parts polyaluminum chloride.

[0028] The expanding agent of this invention has the following advantages compared with existing expanding agents: the raw materials are simple and easy to purchase; there are no hazardous chemicals or toxic substances; the expanding agent is easy to fill; the requirements for transportation and storage conditions are not high; transportation can be carried out by general cargo; and storage only requires moisture protection and ventilation; it is suitable for emergency construction with short operation time. The expanding agent of this invention is suitable for non-coal mines and crushing sites with sensitive safety hazards around them, and for small crushing volumes.

[0029] This invention also proposes a method for applying the above-mentioned expanding agent in mining, which includes the following steps, wherein the raw materials are in parts by mass:

[0030] S1. Preparation of expanding agent: Weigh the raw materials, filler, flame retardant and reactants and mix them to prepare the expanding agent; the filler includes 15-20 parts sawdust, 0.2-0.4 parts silicon powder and 0.2-0.4 parts silicon dioxide, the flame retardant includes 0.004-0.008 parts magnesium sulfate and 0.106-0.194 parts metal oxide, the reactants include 45-55 parts carbon powder, 0.01-0.03 parts sulfur powder, 0.019-0.058 parts metal chloride, 0.005-0.02 parts strontium carbonate, 0.006-0.01 parts titanium carbide, 0.001-0.01 parts sodium hydroxide and 0.01-0.03 parts multi-element compound fertilizer.

[0031] The metal oxides include 0.01-0.03 parts magnesium oxide, 0.05-0.09 parts calcium oxide, 0.005-0.009 parts copper oxide, 0.04-0.06 parts iron oxide, and 0.001-0.005 parts aluminum oxide; the metal chlorides include 0.01-0.03 parts potassium chloride, 0.004-0.008 parts sodium chloride, and 0.005-0.02 parts polyaluminum chloride.

[0032] S2. Filling with expanding agent: Fill the expanding agent into a container and seal it. Then place the container into a carrier. Drill holes in the rock of the mine and fill the holes with the carrier to a depth of 70-90% of the hole depth. The filling amount of expanding agent is 0.01-0.05% of the limestone in the mine by mass percentage, and can be 0.01%, 0.03%, or 0.05%, etc.

[0033] In some embodiments, the container is a longitudinally elongated flexible container with an opening diameter of 70-90mm, such as 70mm, 75mm, 80mm, 85mm, or 90mm. The container is required to be durable and breathable; for example, it can be a canvas bag or linen bag. The container carrier is required to be waterproof, airtight, and leak-proof; for example, it can be a fire hose. The filling depth can be 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, or 90% of the drilled depth.

[0034] S3. Reaction and Crushing: Insert the fitting into the container and fill the container with liquid oxygen or 3-5% hydrogen peroxide solution until the mass percentage of the expanding agent in the container is 40-50%, so that it reacts with the reactants to generate gas. At the same time, pulse high-pressure breakdown is performed to make the gas expand and crush the rock.

[0035] Liquid oxygen or a 3-5% hydrogen peroxide solution is filled into the container to dilute the expanding agent (mixed powder), so that the mass percentage of the expanding agent in the liquid oxygen or hydrogen peroxide solution is 40%, 45%, or 50%, etc. The reactants in the expanding agent react with the hydrogen peroxide solution (or liquid oxygen) to produce hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide.

[0036] In step S3, thermistors and wires are first filled into the container through pipes, then liquid oxygen or hydrogen peroxide solution is added, and then a pulsed high voltage is applied to break down the thermistor.

[0037] The tubing is made of aluminum or copper, with a diameter of 5.5-9.5mm, selectable from 5.5mm, 6.5mm, 7.5mm, 8.5mm, and 9.5mm. The thermistor has a resistance of 800-1200Ω, selectable from 800Ω, 900Ω, 1000Ω, 1100Ω, and 1200Ω. The wire has a cross-sectional area of ​​0.4-0.8 square millimeters, selectable from 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, and 0.8 square millimeters. The filler quantity of the thermistor and wire can be adjusted according to actual blasting requirements; this invention does not impose limitations. The applied pulsed high voltage is 1600V-2000V, selectable from 1600V, 1700V, 1800V, 1900V, and 2000V. For example, a pulsed high voltage generator can be used to apply the pulsed high voltage.

[0038] The method for applying the expanding agent of the present invention in mining involves first placing the prepared expanding agent into a borehole in the mine rock through a container and a carrier, then filling it with liquid oxygen or hydrogen peroxide solution to induce an oxidation reaction that generates gas. Subsequently, a pulsed high voltage is applied to break down the thermistor, causing the gas generated by the reaction to expand instantaneously, leading to the fracturing of the ore layer and thus breaking the rock. This application method requires only mining operation skills to operate, and the operation process involves minimal splashing and vibration, reducing labor and machinery operating costs, thereby achieving the goals of energy saving, emission reduction, consumption reduction, and improved safety.

[0039] The following is an illustration through specific examples:

[0040] Example 1

[0041] An expanding agent includes a filler, a flame retardant, and reactants. By mass parts, the filler includes 17 parts sawdust, 0.2889 parts silica powder, and 0.2889 parts silicon dioxide; the flame retardant includes 0.006 parts magnesium sulfate and 0.1546 parts metal oxides; the reactants include 50 parts carbon powder, 0.02 parts sulfur powder, 0.0378 parts metal chloride, 0.011 parts strontium carbonate, 0.0084 parts titanium carbide, 0.0056 parts sodium hydroxide, and 0.0189 parts multi-element compound fertilizer. The metal oxides include 0.02 parts magnesium oxide, 0.072 parts calcium oxide, 0.0073 parts copper oxide, 0.052 parts iron oxide, and 0.0033 parts aluminum oxide; the metal chlorides include 0.02 parts potassium chloride, 0.0067 parts sodium chloride, and 0.0111 parts polyaluminum chloride.

[0042] The method for applying the expanding agent in mining according to this embodiment includes the following steps, where the raw materials are in parts by mass:

[0043] S1. Preparation of the expanding agent: Weigh the raw materials, filler, flame retardant, and reactants and mix them to prepare the expanding agent; the filler includes 17 parts sawdust, 0.2889 parts silicon powder, and 0.2889 parts silicon dioxide; the flame retardant includes 0.006 parts magnesium sulfate and 0.1546 parts metal oxide; the reactants include 50 parts carbon powder, 0.02 parts sulfur powder, 0.0378 parts metal chloride, 0.011 parts strontium carbonate, 0.0084 parts titanium carbide, 0.0056 parts sodium hydroxide, and 0.0189 parts multi-element compound fertilizer. Among them, the metal oxide includes 0.02 parts magnesium oxide, 0.072 parts calcium oxide, 0.0073 parts copper oxide, 0.052 parts iron oxide, and 0.0033 parts aluminum oxide; the metal chloride includes 0.02 parts potassium chloride, 0.0067 parts sodium chloride, and 0.0111 parts polyaluminum chloride.

[0044] S2. Filling with Expanding Agent: The expanding agent is placed in a container and sealed. The container is then placed in a carrier. Holes are drilled in the rock of the mine, and the carrier is filled into the holes to a depth of 80% of the hole depth. The amount of expanding agent, by mass percentage, is 0.03% of the limestone in the mine. The container is a long canvas bag with an 80mm diameter opening. The carrier is a fire hose.

[0045] S3. Reaction and Crushing: Insert the fittings into the container, first fill the container with thermistors and wires through the fittings, then fill the container with 4% hydrogen peroxide solution until the mass percentage of the expanding agent in the container is 45%, so that it reacts with the reactants to produce gas. Then apply a pulsed high voltage to break down the thermistor, so that the gas expands and crushes the rock.

[0046] The tubing is made of aluminum with a diameter of 7.5 mm. The thermistor has a resistance of 1000 Ω, and the wire has a cross-sectional area of ​​0.6 square millimeters. The applied pulse high voltage is 1800 V.

[0047] Example 2

[0048] An expanding agent includes a filler, a flame retardant, and reactants. By mass, the filler includes 15 parts sawdust, 0.2 parts silica powder, and 0.2 parts silicon dioxide; the flame retardant includes 0.004 parts magnesium sulfate, and metal oxides (0.01 parts magnesium oxide, 0.05 parts calcium oxide, 0.005 parts copper oxide, 0.04 parts iron oxide, and 0.001 parts aluminum oxide); the reactants include 45 parts carbon powder, 0.01 parts sulfur powder, 0.005 parts strontium carbonate, 0.006 parts titanium carbide, metal chlorides (0.01 parts potassium chloride, 0.004 parts sodium chloride, and 0.005 parts polyaluminum chloride), 0.001 parts sodium hydroxide, and 0.01 parts multi-element compound fertilizer.

[0049] The method for applying the expanding agent in mining according to this embodiment includes the following steps, where the raw materials are in parts by mass:

[0050] S1. Preparation of Expanding Agent: Weigh the raw materials, filler, flame retardant, and reactants and mix them to prepare the expanding agent; the filler includes 15 parts sawdust, 0.2 parts silicon powder, and 0.2 parts silicon dioxide; the flame retardant includes 0.004 parts magnesium sulfate, metal oxides (0.01 parts magnesium oxide, 0.05 parts calcium oxide, 0.005 parts copper oxide, 0.04 parts iron oxide, and 0.001 parts aluminum oxide); the reactants include 45 parts carbon powder, 0.01 parts sulfur powder, 0.005 parts strontium carbonate, 0.006 parts titanium carbide, metal chlorides (0.01 parts potassium chloride, 0.004 parts sodium chloride, and 0.005 parts polyaluminum chloride), 0.001 parts sodium hydroxide, and 0.01 parts multi-element compound fertilizer.

[0051] S2. Filling with Expanding Agent: The expanding agent is placed in a container and sealed. The container is then placed in a carrier. Holes are drilled in the rock of the mine, and the carrier is filled into the holes to a depth of 70% of the hole depth. The amount of expanding agent, by mass percentage, is 0.01% of the limestone in the mine. The container is a linen bag with a 70mm diameter opening. The carrier is a fire hose.

[0052] S3. Reaction and Crushing: Insert the fittings into the container, first fill the container with thermistors and wires through the fittings, then fill the container with 5% hydrogen peroxide solution until the mass percentage of the expanding agent in the container is 40%, so that it reacts with the reactants to produce gas. Then apply a pulsed high voltage to break down the thermistor, so that the gas expands and crushes the rock.

[0053] The fittings are made of copper tubing with a diameter of 5.5 mm. The thermistor has a resistance of 800 Ω, and the wire has a cross-sectional area of ​​0.4 square millimeters. The applied high-voltage pulse is 1600 V.

[0054] Example 3

[0055] An expanding agent includes a filler, a flame retardant, and reactants. By mass, the filler includes 20 parts sawdust, 0.4 parts silica powder, and 0.4 parts silicon dioxide; the flame retardant includes 0.008 parts magnesium sulfate, and metal oxides (0.03 parts magnesium oxide, 0.09 parts calcium oxide, 0.009 parts copper oxide, 0.06 parts iron oxide, and 0.005 parts aluminum oxide); the reactants include 55 parts carbon powder, 0.03 parts sulfur powder, 0.02 parts strontium carbonate, 0.01 parts titanium carbide, metal chlorides (0.03 parts potassium chloride, 0.008 parts sodium chloride, and 0.02 parts polyaluminum chloride), 0.01 parts sodium hydroxide, and 0.03 parts multi-element compound fertilizer.

[0056] The method for applying the expanding agent in mining according to this embodiment includes the following steps, where the raw materials are in parts by mass:

[0057] S1. Preparation of Expanding Agent: Weigh the raw materials, filler, flame retardant, and reactants and mix them to prepare the expanding agent; the filler includes 20 parts sawdust, 0.4 parts silicon powder, and 0.4 parts silicon dioxide; the flame retardant includes 0.008 parts magnesium sulfate, metal oxides (0.03 parts magnesium oxide, 0.09 parts calcium oxide, 0.009 parts copper oxide, 0.06 parts iron oxide, and 0.005 parts aluminum oxide); the reactants include 55 parts carbon powder, 0.03 parts sulfur powder, 0.02 parts strontium carbonate, 0.01 parts titanium carbide, metal chlorides (0.03 parts potassium chloride, 0.008 parts sodium chloride, and 0.02 parts polyaluminum chloride), 0.01 parts sodium hydroxide, and 0.03 parts multi-element compound fertilizer.

[0058] S2. Filling with Expanding Agent: The expanding agent is placed in a container and sealed. The container is then placed in a carrier. Holes are drilled in the rock of the mine, and the carrier is filled into the holes to a depth of 90% of the hole depth. The amount of expanding agent, by mass percentage, is 0.05% of the limestone in the mine. The container is a long canvas bag with a 90mm diameter opening. The carrier is a fire hose.

[0059] S3. Reaction and Crushing: Insert the fittings into the container, first fill the container with thermistors and wires through the fittings, then fill the container with 3% hydrogen peroxide solution until the mass percentage of the expanding agent in the container is 50%, so that it reacts with the reactants to produce gas. Then apply a pulsed high voltage to break down the thermistor, so that the gas expands and crushes the rock.

[0060] The tubing is made of aluminum with a diameter of 9.5 mm. The thermistor has a resistance of 1200 Ω, and the wire has a cross-sectional area of ​​0.8 square millimeters. The applied pulse high voltage is 2000 V.

[0061] Example 4

[0062] An expanding agent includes a filler, a flame retardant, and reactants. By mass, the filler includes 18 parts sawdust, 0.35 parts silica powder, and 0.35 parts silicon dioxide; the flame retardant includes 0.007 parts magnesium sulfate, and metal oxides (0.025 parts magnesium oxide, 0.08 parts calcium oxide, 0.007 parts copper oxide, 0.05 parts iron oxide, and 0.004 parts aluminum oxide); the reactants include 52 parts carbon powder, 0.03 parts sulfur powder, 0.015 parts strontium carbonate, 0.009 parts titanium carbide, metal chlorides (0.025 parts potassium chloride, 0.007 parts sodium chloride, and 0.015 parts polyaluminum chloride), 0.008 parts sodium hydroxide, and 0.025 parts multi-element compound fertilizer.

[0063] The method for applying the expanding agent in mining according to this embodiment includes the following steps, where the raw materials are in parts by mass:

[0064] S1. Preparation of Expanding Agent: Weigh the raw materials, filler, flame retardant, and reactants and mix them to prepare the expanding agent; the filler includes 18 parts sawdust, 0.35 parts silicon powder, and 0.35 parts silicon dioxide; the flame retardant includes 0.007 parts magnesium sulfate, metal oxides (0.025 parts magnesium oxide, 0.08 parts calcium oxide, 0.007 parts copper oxide, 0.05 parts iron oxide, and 0.004 parts aluminum oxide); the reactants include 52 parts carbon powder, 0.03 parts sulfur powder, 0.015 parts strontium carbonate, 0.009 parts titanium carbide, metal chlorides (0.025 parts potassium chloride, 0.007 parts sodium chloride, and 0.015 parts polyaluminum chloride), 0.008 parts sodium hydroxide, and 0.025 parts multi-element compound fertilizer.

[0065] S2. Filling with Expanding Agent: The expanding agent is placed in a container and sealed. The container is then placed in a carrier. Holes are drilled in the rock of the mine, and the carrier is filled into the holes to a depth of 85% of the hole depth. The amount of expanding agent, by mass percentage, is 0.04% of the limestone in the mine. The container is a linen bag with an 85mm diameter opening. The carrier is a fire hose.

[0066] S3. Reaction and Crushing: Insert the fittings into the container, first fill the container with thermistors and wires through the fittings, then fill the container with liquid oxygen until the mass percentage of the expanding agent in the container is 47%, so that it reacts with the reactants to produce gas. Then apply a pulsed high voltage to break down the thermistor, so that the gas expands and crushes the rock.

[0067] The fittings are made of copper tubing with a diameter of 8 mm. The thermistor has a resistance of 1100 Ω, and the wire has a cross-sectional area of ​​0.7 square millimeters. The applied high-voltage pulse is 1900 V.

[0068] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0069] The parts not detailed above can be achieved by drawing on existing technologies.

[0070] It is understood that the above embodiments only illustrate preferred embodiments of the present invention, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can freely combine the above technical features without departing from the concept of the present invention, and can also make several modifications and improvements, all of which fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent transformations and modifications made with respect to the scope of the claims of the present invention should fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An expanding agent, characterized in that, The mixture comprises fillers, flame retardants, and reactants. By mass, the fillers include 15-20 parts sawdust, 0.2-0.4 parts silica powder, and 0.2-0.4 parts silicon dioxide; the flame retardants include 0.004-0.008 parts magnesium sulfate and 0.106-0.194 parts metal oxides; and the reactants include 45-55 parts carbon powder, 0.01-0.03 parts sulfur powder, 0.019-0.058 parts metal chloride, 0.005-0.02 parts strontium carbonate, 0.006-0.01 parts titanium carbide, 0.001-0.01 parts sodium hydroxide, and 0.01-0.03 parts multi-element compound fertilizer.

2. The expanding agent according to claim 1, characterized in that, The metal oxides include 0.01-0.03 parts magnesium oxide, 0.05-0.09 parts calcium oxide, 0.005-0.009 parts copper oxide, 0.04-0.06 parts iron oxide, and 0.001-0.005 parts aluminum oxide.

3. The expanding agent according to claim 1, characterized in that, The metal chloride comprises 0.01-0.03 parts potassium chloride, 0.004-0.008 parts sodium chloride, and 0.005-0.02 parts polyaluminum chloride.

4. The expanding agent according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filler comprises 17 parts sawdust, 0.2889 parts silicon powder, and 0.2889 parts silicon dioxide; the flame retardant comprises 0.006 parts magnesium sulfate and 0.1546 parts metal oxide; and the reactants comprise 50 parts carbon powder, 0.02 parts sulfur powder, 0.0378 parts metal chloride, 0.011 parts strontium carbonate, 0.0084 parts titanium carbide, 0.0056 parts sodium hydroxide, and 0.0189 parts multi-element compound fertilizer.

5. The expanding agent according to claim 4, characterized in that, The metal oxide comprises 0.02 parts magnesium oxide, 0.072 parts calcium oxide, 0.0073 parts copper oxide, 0.052 parts iron oxide, and 0.0033 parts aluminum oxide; and / or, the metal chloride comprises 0.02 parts potassium chloride, 0.0067 parts sodium chloride, and 0.0111 parts polyaluminum chloride.

6. A method for applying the expanding agent according to any one of claims 1 to 5 in mining, characterized in that, The following steps are included, with raw materials expressed in parts by weight: S1. Preparation of the expanding agent: Weigh the raw materials, filler, flame retardant, and reactants and mix them to obtain the expanding agent; the filler includes 15-20 parts sawdust, 0.2-0.4 parts silicon powder, and 0.2-0.4 parts silicon dioxide; the flame retardant includes 0.004-0.008 parts magnesium sulfate and 0.106-0.194 parts metal oxide; the reactants include 45-55 parts carbon powder, 0.01-0.03 parts sulfur powder, 0.019-0.058 parts metal chloride, 0.005-0.02 parts strontium carbonate, 0.006-0.01 parts titanium carbide, 0.001-0.01 parts sodium hydroxide, and 0.01-0.03 parts multi-element compound fertilizer; S2. Filling with expanding agent: The expanding agent is loaded into a container and sealed, and then the container is placed in a container carrier; boreholes are drilled in the rock of the mine, and the container carrier is filled into the boreholes to a depth of 70-90% of the depth of the boreholes; S3. Reaction and Crushing: Insert the pipe into the container and fill the container with liquid oxygen or 3-5% hydrogen peroxide solution until the mass percentage of the expanding agent in the container is 40-50%, so that it reacts with the reactants to generate gas. At the same time, pulse high-pressure breakdown is performed to make the gas expand and crush the rock.

7. The method for applying the expanding agent in mining according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S3, a thermistor and wires are first filled into the container through the pipe, then liquid oxygen or hydrogen peroxide solution is added, and then a pulsed high voltage is applied to break down the thermistor.

8. The method for applying the expanding agent in mining according to claim 7, characterized in that, The thermistor has a resistance of 800-1200Ω, the wire has a cross-sectional area of ​​0.4-0.8 square millimeters, and the pulse high voltage is 1600V-2000V.

9. The method for applying the expanding agent in mining according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S2, the amount of the expanding agent, by mass percentage, is 0.01-0.05% of the limestone in the mine; and / or, The container is a longitudinally elongated flexible container with a diameter of 70-90mm; and / or, the container is a canvas bag or linen bag; and / or, the container carrier is a fire hose.

10. The method for applying the expanding agent in mining according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S3, the fitting is an aluminum or copper tube with a diameter of 5.5-9.5 mm.