Device for testing hydrogen adsorption performance of interlayer adsorbent of high-vacuum low-temperature storage tank

Abstract

The invention discloses a hydrogen adsorption performance testing device for an interlayer adsorbent of a high-vacuum low-temperature storage tank. The hydrogen adsorption performance testing device comprises a gas steel cylinder, a buffer tank, a flow controller, a refrigerator, an adsorption pool, a vacuum pump, a vacuum cover, a metal bracket and a plurality of valves, the output end of the gas steel cylinder is respectively connected with the buffer tank and the vacuum pump through a pipeline with a valve, the output end of the buffer tank is connected with the flow controller through a pipeline with a valve, the flow controller is connected with the adsorption tank through a pipeline, the upper end of the adsorption tank is connected with the refrigerator, and the lower end of the adsorption tank is connected with the vacuum pump through a pipeline with a valve. The adsorption tank and the refrigerating machine are arranged in the vacuum cover, the vacuum cover is arranged on a metal bracket, and the vacuum cover is also connected with the vacuum pump through a pipeline with a valve, so that the hydrogen adsorption quantity of various adsorption materials at different temperatures and pressures can be measured in high-vacuum and deep-hypothermia environments.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of hydrogen adsorption performance testing device structure technology, and in particular to a hydrogen adsorption performance testing device for a high vacuum cryogenic storage tank jacketed adsorbent. Background Technology

[0002] Modern industry, defense, aerospace, and scientific research have a significant demand for cryogenic liquids, which has been growing rapidly at an annual rate of 10% for the past few decades, leading to a gradual increase in the use of cryogenic containers. A good jacket vacuum is a prerequisite for ensuring excellent thermal insulation performance of cryogenic containers. Once the vacuum environment of the jacket is disrupted, its thermal insulation performance decreases, leading to an increased evaporation rate of the cryogenic liquid inside the container. Deterioration of vacuum performance is the primary cause of performance degradation and failure in cryogenic containers. Research has found that placing hydrogen adsorbents in the jacket can effectively prevent a decrease in jacket vacuum; however, there are still shortcomings in the types and amounts of adsorbents currently available. The development of new adsorbent materials urgently needs to be addressed, and the design of a testing device for the hydrogen adsorption performance of adsorbents is crucial. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a device for testing the hydrogen adsorption performance of adsorbents in the jacket of a high-vacuum cryogenic storage tank in order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art.

[0004] The technical solution adopted in this invention is: a hydrogen adsorption performance testing device for a high vacuum low temperature storage tank jacket adsorbent, comprising a gas cylinder, a buffer tank, a flow controller, a refrigerator, an adsorption pool, a vacuum pump, a vacuum hood, a metal support, and several pipes with valves;

[0005] The output end of the gas cylinder is connected to a buffer tank and a vacuum pump via a pipe with a valve. The output end of the buffer tank is connected to a flow controller via a pipe with a valve. The flow controller is connected to an adsorption tank via a pipe. The upper end of the adsorption tank is connected to the refrigerator. The adsorption tank and the refrigerator are placed inside the vacuum hood. The vacuum hood is mounted on a metal bracket. The vacuum hood is also connected to the vacuum pump via a pipe with a valve.

[0006] Furthermore, the gas cylinder described in this invention is a mobile hydrogen storage cylinder;

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, and for the convenience of testing, a mobile hydrogen storage cylinder is used, preferably a Type III hydrogen storage cylinder. The function of the hydrogen storage cylinder is to continuously provide a fixed amount of hydrogen for subsequent adsorption tests.

[0008] Furthermore, the flow controller described in this invention is a volumetric flow meter used to regulate the amount of hydrogen introduced.

[0009] Furthermore, the refrigeration machine described in this invention is a GM refrigeration machine, which cools the adsorption cell, thereby enabling the measurement of hydrogen adsorption capacity of various adsorption materials at different temperatures and pressures under high vacuum and deep low temperature environments.

[0010] GM refrigerators consist of independent compression and refrigeration systems. The compression system includes a reciprocating compressor, high and low pressure chambers, a cooler, and a purifier. The refrigeration system comprises an expander, a regenerator, and a transmission mechanism. The four steps of the GM refrigeration cycle are:

[0011] Pressure rise: When the discharger is at its lowest point, the intake valve is opened, and the high-pressure gas enters the V1 chamber and forms an adiabatic compression with the accumulator. Due to the large heat capacity of the accumulator packing, the gas temperature does not rise significantly.

[0012] Gas intake: When the exhauster moves upward, the high-pressure gas in the hot end V1 is transferred to the cold end V2 through the accumulator. Due to the cooling of the accumulator, the gas volume is reduced, so another part of the high-pressure gas is drawn in from the intake valve. The intake valve is closed before the exhauster reaches the top dead center.

[0013] Gas expansion: With the exhaust valve stationary at top dead center, the exhaust valve opens, and the gas in V2 is adiabatically drawn away by the low-pressure intake pipe of the compressor, forming the Simon expansion process. As a result, the gas temperature decreases, generating cooling capacity.

[0014] Gas discharge: The discharge device moves downward from the top dead center, forcing the expanded gas out of V2 until the discharge device reaches the bottom dead center. The above four processes constitute the GM cycle.

[0015] Furthermore, the adsorption cell of the present invention is filled with an adsorbent test material, which undergoes a hydrogen absorption reaction in the adsorption cell. Different adsorbent materials can be added as needed.

[0016] Furthermore, the buffer tank of the present invention is equipped with a hydrogen buffer filter structure and an air intake meter.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, installing a buffer filter screen and other structures in the buffer tank can achieve the transition of hydrogen and reduce the hydrogen pressure, while using a meter to measure the intake volume data.

[0018] Compared with existing technologies, this invention has the following advantages: The hydrogen adsorption performance testing device for adsorbents in a high-vacuum cryogenic storage tank jacket can measure the hydrogen adsorption capacity of various adsorbent materials at different temperatures and pressures under high vacuum and cryogenic conditions. The overall structure is rationally designed, the high-vacuum and cryogenic environment setup is realistic and stable, the operation is simple, and testing is convenient. It provides data support for the formulation optimization of novel adsorbent materials and lays the foundation for the widespread application of high-vacuum cryogenic storage tanks. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0020] The following are the labels in the diagram: 1. Gas cylinder, 2. Buffer tank, 3. Flow controller, 4. Refrigeration unit, 5. Adsorption tank, 6. Vacuum pump, 7. Vacuum hood, 8. Metal support. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. The embodiments are implemented based on the technical solution of the present invention, and detailed implementation methods and specific operation processes are given. However, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0022] like Figure 1 The device shown is a hydrogen adsorption performance testing device for a high-vacuum cryogenic storage tank jacketed adsorbent, comprising a gas cylinder 1, a buffer tank 2, a flow controller 3, a refrigerator 4, an adsorption tank 5, a vacuum pump 6, a vacuum hood 7, a metal support 8, and several pipes with valves. The output end of the gas cylinder 1 is connected to the buffer tank 2 and the vacuum pump 6 respectively through pipes with valves. The output end of the buffer tank 2 is connected to the flow controller 3 through pipes with valves. The flow controller 3 is connected to the adsorption tank 5 through pipes. The upper end of the adsorption tank 5 is connected to the refrigerator 4. The adsorption tank 5 and the refrigerator 4 are placed inside the vacuum hood 7, which is mounted on the metal support 8. The vacuum hood 7 is also connected to the vacuum pump 6 through pipes with valves.

[0023] Among them, gas cylinder 1 is a mobile hydrogen storage cylinder; a type III hydrogen storage cylinder is used to continuously provide a fixed amount of hydrogen for subsequent adsorption tests.

[0024] Flow controller 3 is a volumetric flow meter used to regulate the amount of hydrogen introduced. Refrigeration unit 4 is a GM refrigerator used to cool the adsorption cell, thereby enabling the measurement of hydrogen adsorption capacity of various adsorption materials at different temperatures and pressures under high vacuum and cryogenic conditions.

[0025] Adsorbent test material is added to adsorption tank 5, where it undergoes a hydrogen absorption reaction. Different adsorbent materials can be added as needed. Buffer tank 2 is equipped with a hydrogen buffer filtration structure and an inlet flow meter.

[0026] Working principle:

[0027] Compressed hydrogen from a gas cylinder is transported via pipeline to a buffer tank. In the buffer tank, the hydrogen is filtered and its pressure is reduced, and the intake flow rate is measured. A flow controller then regulates the amount of hydrogen introduced into the adsorption cell. The hydrogen absorption reaction takes place in the adsorption cell (containing different adsorbent test materials as needed). The adsorption performance of different materials is tested by designing the adsorbent formulation. A refrigerator connected to the adsorption cell and placed in a vacuum chamber, fixed to a metal support, allows testing of the adsorption performance of the adsorbent material at different temperatures in a cryogenic environment. A vacuum pump connected to the vacuum chamber allows testing of the adsorption performance of the adsorbent material in a high-vacuum environment.

[0028] The amount of residual hydrogen in the pipeline and adsorption tank is calculated using the gas state equation (pV = nRT). The amount of hydrogen adsorbed is calculated based on the gas flow rate and the amount of residual hydrogen. The gas flow rate is measured using the buffer tank method and compared with the flow data of the flow controller. Thus, the amount of hydrogen adsorbed by various adsorbent materials at different temperatures and pressures is measured under high vacuum and deep cryogenic environments, and isothermal and isobaric adsorption lines are plotted.

Claims

1. A device for testing the hydrogen adsorption performance of an adsorbent in a high-vacuum cryogenic storage tank jacket, characterized in that: It consists of a gas cylinder (1), a buffer tank (2), a flow controller (3), a refrigerator (4), an adsorption tank (5), a vacuum pump (6), a vacuum hood (7), a metal support (8), and several pipes with valves; The output end of the gas cylinder (1) is connected to the buffer tank (2) and the vacuum pump (6) respectively through a pipe with a valve. The output end of the buffer tank (2) is connected to the flow controller (3) through a pipe with a valve. The flow controller (3) is connected to the adsorption tank (5) through a pipe. The upper end of the adsorption tank (5) is connected to the refrigerator (4). The adsorption tank (5) and the refrigerator (4) are placed inside the vacuum hood (7). The vacuum hood (7) is mounted on a metal bracket (8). The vacuum hood (7) is also connected to the vacuum pump (6) through a pipe with a valve.

2. The device for testing the hydrogen adsorption performance of adsorbent in a high-vacuum cryogenic storage tank jacket as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The gas cylinder (1) is a mobile hydrogen storage cylinder.

3. The hydrogen adsorption performance testing device for the jacketed adsorbent in a high-vacuum cryogenic storage tank as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The flow controller (3) is a volumetric flow meter.

4. The hydrogen adsorption performance testing device for the jacketed adsorbent in a high-vacuum cryogenic storage tank as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The refrigeration unit (4) is a GM refrigeration unit, which cools the adsorption tank.

5. The hydrogen adsorption performance testing device for the jacketed adsorbent in a high-vacuum cryogenic storage tank as described in claim 1, characterized in that: An adsorbent test material is added to the adsorption tank (5), and the adsorbent test material undergoes a hydrogen absorption reaction in the adsorption tank (5).

6. The hydrogen adsorption performance testing device for the jacketed adsorbent in a high-vacuum cryogenic storage tank as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The buffer tank (2) is equipped with a hydrogen buffer filter structure and an air intake meter.

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