Mars water ice array acquisition system based on lobe heat pipe heating element and control method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a Mars water ice array acquisition system based on a lobe heat pipe heating element and a control method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of Mars in-situ resource utilization (ISRU) and thermal equipment design. The intelligent control and decision-making unit is connected with the data acquisition and processing unit and the main power supply module, the main power supply module is connected with the power distribution and sound wave auxiliary driving module, and the power distribution and sound wave auxiliary driving module is connected with the heating element array. The heating element array is further connected with a temperature sensor, a water vapor concentration sensor and a water vapor collecting and processing unit. The device is used for solving the technical defects of low heat transfer efficiency, non-uniform heating, limited water vapor diffusion, high energy consumption and the like in the existing Mars weathered layer water ice extraction technology, and aims to greatly improve the extraction efficiency and energy efficiency of the Mars water ice.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of Mars In-situ Resource Utilization (ISRU) and thermal equipment design technology, specifically relating to a Mars water ice array acquisition system and its control method based on a lobe heat pipe heating element. Background Technology

[0002] Pore ​​ice and detached ice in the shallow and intermediate regolith of Mars are considered key in-situ water resources for future Mars missions. However, existing water ice extraction technologies, such as heat pipe heating, thermal drilling, microwave or photothermal methods, have some inherent limitations, including low thermal efficiency per unit area, limited heating surface, high energy consumption, and difficulty in integration.

[0003] To overcome these challenges and improve heat transfer efficiency, this invention proposes a novel heating element characterized by a corrugated outer profile combined with heat transfer through a central heat pipe. This design significantly increases the cross-sectional perimeter of the heating element, thereby greatly increasing the thermal contact area with Martian soil without increasing the maximum diameter. Simultaneously, the heat pipe, as a highly efficient heat conduction path, can uniformly diffuse the heat generated by the point heat source across the entire corrugated surface, effectively solving the problem of non-uniform temperature fields.

[0004] However, the deployment area of ​​a single heating element is limited, and the low-pressure environment on Mars is unfavorable for the effective removal of water vapor. If relying solely on natural diffusion, sublimated water vapor can easily refreeze in soil pores. Furthermore, the Martian regolith, as a complex porous medium, has a unique water ice formation, which, combined with the low-pressure carbon dioxide (CO2) atmosphere and complex microstructure, regulates thermophysical and water vapor transfer characteristics. The adsorption of water vapor by the regolith soil may also trigger a phase change during underground diffusion, thus affecting the heat transfer efficiency between the external heat source and the ice layer.

[0005] Therefore, to fully leverage the structural advantages of the lobe heating element, there is an urgent need to further develop its array deployment structure and explore the synergistic effects of thermal-acoustic-gas multi-physics mechanisms. Furthermore, a real-time feedback-based intelligent control mechanism needs to be proposed to optimize water ice extraction performance under realistic Martian conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention provides a Martian water ice array acquisition system and its control method based on a lobe heat pipe heating element, which solves the technical defects of existing Martian regolith water ice extraction technology, such as low heat transfer efficiency, uneven heating, limited water vapor diffusion, and high energy consumption. The aim is to significantly improve the extraction efficiency and energy efficiency of Martian water ice.

[0007] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution: A Mars water ice array acquisition system based on a lobe heat pipe heating element, the system comprising an intelligent control and decision-making unit, a main power supply module, a data acquisition and processing unit, a power distribution and acoustic wave-assisted drive module, a temperature sensor, a heating element array, a water vapor collection and processing unit, and a water vapor concentration sensor; The intelligent control and decision-making unit is connected to the data acquisition and processing unit and the main power module, respectively. The main power module is connected to the power distribution and acoustic wave-assisted drive module, and the power distribution and acoustic wave-assisted drive module is connected to the heating element array. The heating element array is also connected to the temperature sensor, the water vapor concentration sensor, and the water vapor collection and processing unit, respectively.

[0008] Furthermore, the intelligent control and decision-making unit is used to intelligently regulate and make decisions on the system in order to optimize water ice extraction efficiency and energy utilization, and to perform fault diagnosis and safety management. The main power module is used to power the Mars water ice array for data acquisition. The data acquisition and processing unit is used to acquire, preprocess and transmit sensor data to provide real-time and accurate basic information for intelligent control and decision-making. The power distribution and acoustic wave-assisted drive module is used to accurately distribute electrical energy and drive the acoustic wave-assisted mechanism according to instructions, so as to control the power output of the heating element 1 and enhance water vapor diffusion. The temperature sensor is used to monitor the surface temperature of the heating element 1 and the temperature distribution inside the weathered layer.

[0009] The heating element array is used to efficiently and uniformly heat water ice in a large area of ​​Martian regolith, and has fault redundancy capability. The water vapor collection and treatment unit is used to collect, condense, and purify the sublimated water vapor to ensure the effective recycling of water resources. The water vapor concentration sensor is used to monitor the water vapor concentration in the pores of the weathering layer in real time, directly reflecting the water ice sublimation rate and the depletion of regional water ice.

[0010] Furthermore, the heating element array includes multiple heating elements 1, which are arranged in a honeycomb array; each heating element 1 has the same structure, including a heating rod body 2, a non-circular corrugated outer contour 3, and a sealed heat pipe 4; The heating rod body 2 has a precision blind hole 5 as a support structure at the upper part of the internal central axis, and a sealed heat pipe 4 is tightly inserted into the precision blind hole 5. The inner wall of the heating rod body 2 is provided with a capillary wick structure 6, and the space formed by the capillary wick structure 6 encapsulates a medium that can undergo liquid-gas phase change within the target temperature range. The heating rod body 2 is surrounded by a non-circular wavy outer contour 3.

[0011] Furthermore, the heating rod body 2 is a cylinder extending along its length; The non-circular wavy outer contour 3 has periodic radial undulations.

[0012] Furthermore, the outer surface of the top of the housing of each of the heating elements 1 is surrounded by a piezoelectric ceramic sheet 7.

[0013] Furthermore, a first temperature sensor 8 is inserted into the side wall of the precision blind hole 5 of the sealed heat pipe 4, and a second temperature sensor 9 is inserted into the outer side of the wall of the heating rod body 2. The first temperature sensor 8 and the second temperature sensor 9 form a dual temperature sensing system.

[0014] Furthermore, the heating rod body 2 is divided into an evaporation section, an insulation section, and a condensation section. The evaporation section is the heat input area; The insulation section connects the evaporation section and the condensation section, and is used for steam transmission; The condensation section is the heat output area.

[0015] A control method for a Mars water ice array acquisition system based on a lobe heat pipe heating element, wherein the control method uses the Mars water ice array acquisition system based on the lobe heat pipe heating element as described above, and the control method includes sublimation feedback control, thermal feedback control, and energy consumption optimization and job scheduling. The sublimation feedback control is based on data from a water vapor concentration sensor, and the system intelligently determines the sublimation state of water ice in the current area. The thermal feedback control dynamically adjusts the power output of the sealed heat pipe by combining the surface temperature of the heating element 1 and the internal temperature data of the weathered layer. The energy consumption optimization and operation scheduling are to adjust the working mode of each heating element 1 in the array according to the operation target and the collected real-time system data; The sublimation feedback control specifically means that when the water vapor concentration in a certain area is detected to drop below the threshold, it indicates that the water ice in that area may have basically sublimated. At this time, the control system can intelligently reduce or turn off the power of the heating element 1 in that area to avoid unnecessary energy consumption.

[0016] Furthermore, the thermal feedback control specifically involves dynamically adjusting the power output of the sealed heat pipe based on the combined surface temperature of the heating element 1 and the internal temperature of the weathered layer, using PID control or other advanced control algorithms. This ensures heating uniformity, prevents local overheating, and precisely controls the temperature according to the set target temperature, thereby optimizing energy efficiency.

[0017] Furthermore, the energy consumption optimization and operation scheduling specifically involve the system dynamically adjusting the operating mode of each heating element 1 in the array based on the overall water ice extraction demand, real-time energy consumption, and sensor feedback data. This minimizes total energy consumption, maximizes energy efficiency, and achieves an optimized ice extraction cycle. The power of each unit can be independently controlled, and the heating strategy can be adjusted according to geological heterogeneity or resource density to adapt to mining strategies under different geological conditions.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are: This invention employs a corrugated shape to increase the heat transfer surface area and incorporates an axial heat pipe. The heat pipe efficiently and uniformly transfers heat from a single heat source to the entire corrugated surface. This heat pipe is an independent, sealed system, unaffected by the Martian external environment, ensuring the reliability and performance stability of the device. This invention features a simple structure, good temperature uniformity, and high heat transfer efficiency. It can be deployed individually or in a distributed array, making it suitable for the efficient and large-scale exploitation of extraterrestrial resources.

[0019] Significantly increased heat transfer surface area: The corrugated outer contour design significantly increases the heat transfer contact area between the heating element and the soil, thereby improving heat transfer efficiency.

[0020] Highly uniform temperature distribution: Built-in heat pipe technology solves the problem of uneven heating from point heat sources, ensuring uniform temperature across the entire heating surface, allowing for more thorough sublimation of water ice.

[0021] Sublimation efficiency is significantly improved: the "heat + sound" dual-excitation mechanism effectively overcomes the obstacle of water vapor diffusion and promotes the rapid sublimation and extraction of water ice.

[0022] High energy efficiency: The multi-sensor fusion and intelligent feedback control system can accurately control the heating process, avoid ineffective energy consumption, and achieve energy optimization and efficient operation scheduling.

[0023] High environmental adaptability: The use of an independently sealed heat pipe system and titanium-clad copper composite material enables the components to adapt to the extreme atmospheric pressure, temperature and chemical corrosion environment of Mars.

[0024] Simple structure and high reliability: The integrated design has no moving parts, the structure is robust, easy to manufacture, assemble and deploy, and reduces the risk of failure.

[0025] Suitable for array deployment and expansion: The modular design facilitates large-scale, comprehensive deployment and can be flexibly adjusted and expanded according to task requirements, improving the overall efficiency of water ice extraction.

[0026] This invention is expected to provide an efficient, reliable and scalable solution for future Mars exploration and in-situ utilization of water resources. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the overall structure of the heating element of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the two-stage heat transfer process of the heat source-heat pipe-lobe of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the honeycomb array deployment of the heating element of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 5 This is a block diagram of the arrayed system sensing and control of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0032] In the following description, specific details such as particular system architectures and techniques are set forth for illustrative purposes and not for limitation, in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of this application. However, those skilled in the art will understand that this application may also be implemented in other embodiments without these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, apparatuses, circuits, and methods are omitted so as not to obscure the description of this application with unnecessary detail.

[0033] It should be understood that, when used in this specification and the appended claims, the term "comprising" indicates the presence of the described features, integrals, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integrals, steps, operations, elements, components and / or collections thereof.

[0034] It should also be understood that the terminology used in this application specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application. As used in this application specification and the appended claims, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0035] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0036] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of this application. However, this application may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0037] Implementation Method 1 This embodiment provides a Mars water ice array acquisition system based on a lobe heat pipe heating element, such as... Figure 5 As shown, the system includes an intelligent control and decision-making unit, a main power supply module, a data acquisition and processing unit, a power distribution and acoustic wave-assisted drive module, a temperature sensor, a heating element array, a water vapor collection and processing unit, and a water vapor concentration sensor. The intelligent control and decision-making unit is connected to the data acquisition and processing unit and the main power module, respectively. The main power module is connected to the power distribution and acoustic wave-assisted drive module, and the power distribution and acoustic wave-assisted drive module is connected to the heating element array. The heating element array is also connected to the temperature sensor, the water vapor concentration sensor, and the water vapor collection and processing unit, respectively.

[0038] Furthermore, the intelligent control and decision-making unit is used to intelligently regulate and make decisions on the system in order to optimize water ice extraction efficiency and energy utilization, and to perform fault diagnosis and safety management. The main power module is used to power the Mars water ice array for data acquisition. The data acquisition and processing unit is used to acquire, preprocess and transmit sensor data to provide real-time and accurate basic information for intelligent control and decision-making. The power distribution and acoustic wave-assisted drive module is used to accurately distribute electrical energy and drive the acoustic wave-assisted mechanism according to instructions, so as to control the power output of the heating element 1 and enhance water vapor diffusion. The temperature sensor is used to monitor the surface temperature of the heating element 1 and the temperature distribution inside the weathered layer.

[0039] The heating element array is used to efficiently and uniformly heat water ice in a large area of ​​Martian regolith, and has fault redundancy capability. The water vapor collection and treatment unit is used to collect, condense, and purify the sublimated water vapor to ensure the effective recycling of water resources. The water vapor concentration sensor is used to monitor the water vapor concentration in the pores of the weathering layer in real time, directly reflecting the water ice sublimation rate and the depletion of regional water ice.

[0040] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 As shown, the heating element array includes multiple heating elements 1, which are arranged in a honeycomb array. Each heating element 1 has the same structure, including a heating rod body 2, a non-circular corrugated outer contour 3, and a sealed heat pipe 4. like Figures 1-3As shown, a precision blind hole 5 is provided on the upper part (evaporation section) of the internal central axis of the heating rod body 2 as a support structure, and a sealed heat pipe 4 is tightly inserted in the precision blind hole 5; this "upper-mounted internal insertion" heat source integration method efficiently transfers the heat generated by the sealed heat pipe to the heat pipe, and through the phase change cycle of the heat pipe, the heat is evenly transferred to the entire effective heating section of the heating rod.

[0041] The inner wall of the heating rod body 2 is provided with a capillary wick structure 6. The space formed by the capillary wick structure 6 encapsulates a medium that can undergo liquid-gas phase change within the target temperature range. The heating rod body 2, as a passive "heat superconductor" without moving parts, is responsible for converting the concentrated point heat source into a distributed line heat source, ensuring the high uniformity of the heating surface temperature, and effectively solving the problem of overheating at the center and underheating at the edge of the point heat source in traditional heating methods.

[0042] The capillary wick structure 6 will draw the liquefied medium upwards to the vicinity of the sealed heat pipe 4, that is, the upper part of the internal central axis (evaporation section) of the heating rod body 2. Then the liquefied medium will turn into a gaseous medium and circulate up and down repeatedly.

[0043] The heating rod body 2 is surrounded by a non-circular wavy outer contour 3.

[0044] Multiple corrugated heating elements 1 with integrated heat pipes are inserted into the Martian regolith in an array. The array can be distributed in a honeycomb pattern to maximize coverage area and optimize thermal field distribution. This modular design facilitates batch deployment and parallel operation, can be flexibly expanded according to mission requirements, and significantly improves overall ice harvesting efficiency.

[0045] Heating element 1 has an independent and complete structure. It can be deployed individually to perform fixed-point mining tasks, or multiple elements can be deployed in parallel in a distributed array to achieve efficient and comprehensive heating of large-area weathered layers.

[0046] Furthermore, the heating rod body 2 is a cylinder extending along its length; The non-circular wavy outer contour 3 has periodic radial undulations.

[0047] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, each heating element 1 has a piezoelectric ceramic sheet 7 surrounding its outer top. The upper end of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 7 is provided with a metal flange and bolts 10. By applying high-frequency (20–40kHz) micro-vibrations, soil particles are loosened and gas channels are opened, forming a "thermal + acoustic" dual excitation mechanism, which helps water vapor diffuse upward more smoothly and improves sublimation efficiency.

[0048] Furthermore, such as Figure 2As shown, a first temperature sensor 8 is inserted into the side wall of the precision blind hole 5 of the sealed heat pipe 4, and a second temperature sensor 9 is inserted into the outer side of the wall of the heating rod body 2. The first temperature sensor 8 and the second temperature sensor 9 form a dual temperature sensing system.

[0049] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 As shown, the heating rod body 2 is divided into an evaporation section, an insulation section, and a condensation section. The evaporation section is the heat input area. A sealed heat pipe (heat source) is tightly inserted into a precision blind hole 5 in the upper evaporation section of the heat pipe. The heat generated by the sealed heat pipe is efficiently transferred to the working fluid inside the heat pipe, causing the working fluid to absorb heat and undergo a liquid-gas phase change, transforming into vapor.

[0050] The insulation section connects the evaporation section and the condensation section. Its main function is to transfer steam while minimizing heat loss and providing insulation.

[0051] The condensation section is the heat output area. In the condensation section, steam transfers heat to the heating rod body 2 and condenses into liquid. The condensed liquid working fluid flows back to the evaporation section through the capillary pressure generated by the capillary wick structure 6, completing the cycle.

[0052] Wavy outer contour design: The heating element 1 has a solid heating rod body 2 extending along its length. The cross-section of this body has a unique non-circular wavy outer contour 3, which significantly increases the cross-sectional perimeter without significantly increasing its maximum outer diameter through periodic radial undulations. For example, using a 60-lobed design can increase its surface area by 88.98% compared to a cylinder of the same size, thereby greatly enhancing the heat transfer contact area with the Martian regolith.

[0053] Heat pipe center heat transfer mechanism: To efficiently and uniformly transfer heat to the large, lobed outer surface, this invention integrates a high-performance sealed heat pipe 4 along the central axis of the heating rod body 2. The heat pipe contains a working fluid capable of liquid-gas phase change within the target temperature range, and its inner wall is equipped with a capillary wick structure 6. As a passive, non-moving "heat superconductor," the heat pipe is responsible for converting a concentrated point heat source into a distributed line heat source, ensuring high uniformity of the heated surface temperature and effectively solving the problem of overheating at the center and underheating at the edges in traditional heating methods.

[0054] Top-mounted internal heat source integration: The heat source of this invention is an independent sealed heat pipe. A precision blind hole 5 is provided at the top (evaporation section) of the heat pipe as a support structure, and the sealed heat pipe is tightly inserted into this blind hole. This "top-mounted internal" heat source integration method efficiently transfers the heat generated by the sealed heat pipe to the heat pipe itself, and through the phase change cycle of the heat pipe, evenly transfers the heat to the entire effective heating section of the heating rod.

[0055] Environmental Adaptability and Material Selection: To adapt to the extreme environment of Mars, the heating rod body 2 is preferably made of a "titanium-clad copper" composite material. Its interior is a high-thermal-conductivity copper alloy to ensure rapid heat diffusion, while the exterior is coated with a high-strength, corrosion-resistant titanium alloy to resist chemical erosion and mechanical wear. Furthermore, the corrugated outer contour surface can be coated with a high-emissivity coating to increase non-contact radiative heat transfer capabilities in addition to contact conduction. As an independent, sealed system, the heat pipe heat transfer system is unaffected by the extreme atmospheric pressure and temperature environment of the external planet, further enhancing its environmental adaptability.

[0056] Precise control and operational safety: This invention also includes a dual-temperature sensing system that monitors the extreme temperature of the core heat source and the operating temperature of the rod surface, respectively, achieving safety redundancy and precise constant temperature control. An electrostatic safety grounding design is used to avoid the risks of dust adsorption and discharge caused by static electricity accumulation.

[0057] Implementation Method 2 This embodiment provides a control method for a Martian water ice array acquisition system based on a lobe heat pipe heating element. The control method uses the Martian water ice array acquisition system based on a lobe heat pipe heating element 1 as described in Embodiment 1. The array deployment strategy involves inserting multiple lobe-shaped heating elements 1 with integrated heat pipes into the Martian regolith in an array configuration. The array can be distributed in a honeycomb pattern to maximize coverage area and optimize thermal field distribution. This modular design facilitates batch deployment and parallel operation, and can be flexibly expanded according to mission requirements, significantly improving overall ice harvesting efficiency.

[0058] Acoustic-assisted mechanism: To overcome the problems of limited water vapor diffusion under the low-pressure environment of Mars and the dynamic changes in the pore structure of the weathering layer during heating, this system embeds a piezoelectric ceramic sheet 7 into the outer shell of each heating element 1. By applying high-frequency (20–40kHz) micro-vibrations, soil particles are loosened and gas channels are opened, forming a "thermal + acoustic" dual excitation mechanism, which assists water vapor to diffuse upward more smoothly and improves sublimation efficiency.

[0059] Multi-sensor fusion and intelligent feedback control system: The system integrates multi-dimensional sensors and combines them with intelligent algorithms to achieve efficient control. Temperature sensor: used to monitor the surface temperature of heating element 1 and the temperature distribution inside the weathered layer.

[0060] Humidity / water vapor concentration sensor: used to monitor the water vapor concentration in the pores of the weathering layer in real time, directly reflecting the sublimation rate of water ice and the depletion of regional water ice.

[0061] The control methods include sublimation feedback control, thermal feedback control, and energy consumption optimization and job scheduling. The sublimation feedback control is based on data from a water vapor concentration sensor, and the system intelligently determines the sublimation state of water ice in the current area. The thermal feedback control dynamically adjusts the power output of the sealed heat pipe by combining the surface temperature of the heating element 1 and the internal temperature data of the weathered layer. The energy consumption optimization and operation scheduling are to adjust the working mode of each heating element 1 in the array according to the operation target and the collected real-time system data; The sublimation feedback control specifically means that when the water vapor concentration in a certain area is detected to drop below the threshold, it indicates that the water ice in that area may have basically sublimated. At this time, the control system can intelligently reduce or turn off the power of the heating element 1 in that area to avoid unnecessary energy consumption.

[0062] Furthermore, the thermal feedback control specifically involves dynamically adjusting the power output of the sealed heat pipe based on the combined surface temperature of the heating element 1 and the internal temperature of the weathered layer, using PID control or other advanced control algorithms to ensure heating uniformity, prevent local overheating, and precisely control the temperature according to the set target temperature (e.g., 470K) to optimize energy efficiency.

[0063] Specifically, this invention can also employ fuzzy logic control to dynamically adjust the power output of the sealed heat pipe, ensuring heating uniformity, preventing localized overheating, and precisely controlling the temperature according to the set target temperature to optimize energy efficiency. The fuzzy controller can handle nonlinear, uncertain, and fuzzy input information, such as imprecise descriptions like "the temperature is a bit high" or "the sublimation rate is low." It simulates the decision-making process of human experts through fuzzy inference rules (IF-THEN rules), using temperature deviation and temperature change rate as input variables, and then outputting the adjustment amount of the sealed heat pipe power. The advantage of this control method is that it does not require a precise mathematical model and is highly robust, making it particularly suitable for environments like the Martian regolith, where the thermophysical properties are complex and difficult to model precisely. Fuzzy control can better cope with the uncertainties and changes in the Martian environment, thus achieving smarter and smoother control, effectively avoiding overshoot or oscillations that may occur with traditional PID control, and significantly improving system stability and environmental adaptability.

[0064] Furthermore, the energy consumption optimization and operation scheduling specifically involve the system dynamically adjusting the operating mode (e.g., alternating heating, zoned heating, intermittent heating) of each heating element 1 in the array based on the overall water ice extraction demand, real-time energy consumption (calculated through the power of the sealed heat pipe and operating time), and sensor feedback data. This minimizes total energy consumption, maximizes energy efficiency, and achieves the optimal ice extraction cycle. The power of each unit can be independently controlled, and the heating strategy can be adjusted according to geological heterogeneity or resource density to adapt to different geological environmental conditions (such as porosity and seasonality) and their corresponding mining strategies.

[0065] Specifically, the system can dynamically adjust the operating mode of each heating element 1 in the array based on the overall water ice extraction requirements, real-time energy consumption, and sensor feedback data. For example, in the initial stage of the acquisition system, when the system needs to quickly initiate the water ice sublimation process, the intelligent control and decision-making unit will, based on sensor feedback indicating low water vapor concentration and low weathering layer temperature in all areas, instruct the power distribution and acoustic-assisted drive module to synchronously heat all heating elements 1 at a preset high power and activate acoustic assistance to rapidly increase the weathering layer temperature and accelerate water ice sublimation. At this time, the system can use rule-based control or open-loop control to heat all units according to the preset startup procedure. In the mid-stage, when the water vapor concentration sensor in the central area shows that its concentration has dropped below the threshold, indicating that the water ice in that area may have basically sublimated, while the water vapor concentration in the peripheral areas is still high, the intelligent control and decision-making unit will, based on this feedback, intelligently reduce or turn off the power of the heating element 1 in the central area to avoid unnecessary energy consumption. At the same time, the system will shift its focus to the peripheral areas where the water ice content is still high, for example, maintaining or slightly increasing the power of the heating element 1 in these areas.

[0066] During this stage, the system employs a threshold-based decision-making algorithm to trigger power adjustments, and may combine this with heuristic optimization algorithms to determine which areas require continuous heating or reduced power based on the overall water ice extraction target and real-time energy consumption. In later stages, when water vapor concentrations in most areas have generally decreased and water ice extraction is nearing completion, the system can adopt an intermittent heating mode to further minimize total energy consumption. For example, it can alternately activate some heating elements 1, allowing the soil to cool and allow water vapor to redisperse during periods of non-heating, followed by reheating for "pulsed" extraction, thereby reducing average energy consumption. Furthermore, the system can independently adjust the heating strategy of this unit based on geological heterogeneity reflected in sensor data (such as low porosity or different water ice densities in certain areas) to adapt to different geological environmental conditions.

[0067] This stage can employ heuristic scheduling algorithms for job scheduling optimization, or even further, reinforcement learning algorithms can be used to enable the system to learn autonomously and optimize heating strategies through interaction with the Martian environment, in order to maximize the cumulative water ice extraction and minimize energy consumption.

[0068] Implementation Method 3 This invention provides an electronic device including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. The memory stores software programs and modules, and the processor executes various functional applications and data processing by running the software programs and modules stored in the memory. The memory and processor are connected via a bus. Specifically, the processor implements any step in Embodiment 1 by running the computer program stored in the memory.

[0069] It should be understood that, in the embodiments of the present invention, the processor may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), but it may also be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0070] Memory may include read-only memory, flash memory, and random access memory, and provides instructions and data to the processor. Some or all of the memory may also include non-volatile random access memory.

Claims

1. A Mars water ice array acquisition system based on a lobe heat pipe heating element, characterized in that, The system includes an intelligent control and decision-making unit, a main power supply module, a data acquisition and processing unit, a power distribution and acoustic wave-assisted drive module, a temperature sensor, a heating element array, a water vapor collection and processing unit, and a water vapor concentration sensor. The intelligent control and decision-making unit is connected to the data acquisition and processing unit and the main power module, respectively. The main power module is connected to the power distribution and acoustic wave-assisted drive module, and the power distribution and acoustic wave-assisted drive module is connected to the heating element array. The heating element array is also connected to the temperature sensor, the water vapor concentration sensor, and the water vapor collection and processing unit, respectively.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent control and decision-making unit is used to intelligently regulate and make decisions on the system in order to optimize water ice extraction efficiency and energy utilization, and to perform fault diagnosis and safety management. The main power module is used to power the Mars water ice array for data acquisition. The data acquisition and processing unit is used to acquire, preprocess and transmit sensor data to provide real-time and accurate basic information for intelligent control and decision-making. The power distribution and acoustic wave-assisted drive module is used to accurately distribute electrical energy according to instructions and drive the acoustic wave-assisted mechanism to control the power output of the heating element and enhance water vapor diffusion. The temperature sensor is used to monitor the surface temperature of the heating element and the temperature distribution inside the weathered layer. The heating element array is used to efficiently and uniformly heat water ice in a large area of ​​Martian regolith, and has fault redundancy capability. The water vapor collection and treatment unit is used to collect, condense, and purify the sublimated water vapor to ensure the effective recycling of water resources. The water vapor concentration sensor is used to monitor the water vapor concentration in the pores of the weathering layer in real time, directly reflecting the water ice sublimation rate and the depletion of regional water ice.

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heating element array includes multiple heating elements (1) arranged in a honeycomb array; each heating element has the same structure, including a heating rod body (2), a non-circular lobed outer contour (3), and a sealed heat pipe (4). The heating rod body (2) has a precision blind hole (5) at the upper part of the internal central axis as a support structure, and a sealed heat pipe (4) is tightly inserted in the precision blind hole (5). The inner wall of the heating rod body (2) is provided with a capillary wick structure (6), and the space (6-1) formed by the capillary wick structure (6) is encapsulated with a medium that can undergo liquid-gas phase change in the target temperature range. The heating rod body (2) is covered with a non-circular wavy outer contour (3).

4. The system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The heating rod body (2) is a cylinder extending along its length; The non-circular wavy outer contour (3) is a periodic radial undulation.

5. The system according to claim 3, characterized in that, Each of the heating elements has a piezoelectric ceramic sheet (7) surrounding the top of its housing.

6. The system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first temperature sensor (8) is inserted into the side wall of the precision blind hole (5) of the sealed heat pipe (4), and the second temperature sensor (9) is inserted into the outside of the wall of the heating rod body (2). The first temperature sensor (8) and the second temperature sensor (9) form a dual temperature sensing system.

7. The system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The heating rod body (2) is divided into an evaporation section, an insulation section and a condensation section; The evaporation section is the heat input area; The insulation section connects the evaporation section and the condensation section, and is used for steam transmission; The condensation section is the heat output area.

8. A control method for a Mars water ice array acquisition system based on a lobe heat pipe heating element, characterized in that, The control method uses a Mars water ice array acquisition system based on a lobe heat pipe heating element as described in any of claims 1-7. The control method includes sublimation feedback control, thermal feedback control, and energy consumption optimization and job scheduling. The sublimation feedback control is based on data from a water vapor concentration sensor, and the system intelligently determines the sublimation state of water ice in the current area. The thermal feedback control dynamically adjusts the power output of the heating element by combining the surface temperature of the heating element and the internal temperature data of the weathered layer. The energy consumption optimization and operation scheduling involves adjusting the working mode of each heating element in the array based on the operation target and the collected real-time system data. The sublimation feedback control specifically means that when the water vapor concentration in a certain area drops below a threshold, it indicates that the water ice in that area may have basically sublimated. At this time, the control system can intelligently reduce or turn off the power of the heating element in that area to avoid unnecessary energy consumption.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, Specifically, the thermal feedback control involves dynamically adjusting the power output of the heating element based on the combined surface temperature of the heating element and the internal temperature of the weathered layer, using PID control or other advanced control algorithms. This ensures uniform heating, prevents localized overheating, and precisely controls the temperature according to the set target temperature, thereby optimizing energy efficiency.

10. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, Specifically, the energy consumption optimization and operation scheduling involve the system dynamically adjusting the operating mode of each heating element in the array based on the overall water ice extraction demand, real-time energy consumption, and sensor feedback data. This minimizes total energy consumption, maximizes energy efficiency, and optimizes the ice extraction cycle. The power of each unit can be independently controlled, and the heating strategy can be adjusted according to geological heterogeneity or resource density to adapt to different geological environmental conditions.

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