System with direct current relay compatible with wide-range input voltage in all-in-one controller

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen fuel cell systems, in particular to a system with a direct-current relay compatible with wide-range input voltage in an all-in-one controller. Comprising a direct current relay located in an all-in-one controller; the wide-range power supply provides a voltage value of 9V-36V and supplies power to the weak current of the automobile; the voltage regulating module is positioned between the wide-range power supply and a coil of the direct-current relay and is used for converting the input voltage provided by the wide-range power supply into rated working voltage suitable for working of the coil of the direct-current relay; the voltage regulation module is a step-down-step-up conversion circuit, and the direct-current relay is a 12V direct-current relay; the direct-current relay in the all-in-one controller is compatible with a wide-range input voltage system, the single-model relay can cover the requirements of traditional passenger vehicles (12V) and commercial vehicles (24V), and the purchase cost is reduced by more than 30%.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of hydrogen fuel cell system technology, and in particular to a system in which a DC relay in an all-in-one controller is compatible with a wide range of input voltages. Background Technology

[0002] Hydrogen fuel cells feature zero emissions, long driving range, short refueling time, and high energy conversion efficiency. Hydrogen fuel cell systems have numerous controller units, such as a DC-DC converter unit to convert the unstable DC power output from the fuel cell stack into a stable DC power supply for the downstream lithium-ion battery and main drive system; an air compressor controller to drive the air compressor to supply oxygen needed for the fuel cell reaction; a hydrogen circulation pump controller to drive the circulation pump to provide power for hydrogen circulation; and power distribution units, etc. An all-in-one controller integrates the above functions with other functions, including various types of DC relays such as high-voltage, high-power relays.

[0003] In existing technology, automotive low-voltage power supplies have two voltage levels: 12V DC (operating voltage 9-16V) and 24V DC (operating voltage 18-36V). Currently, mainstream automotive DC relays also correspond to either 12VDC or 24VDC. Therefore, the conventional approach in developing multi-function controllers is to develop two models in parallel. When the automotive low-voltage power supply is 12VDC, the multi-function controller is equipped with a 12V coil voltage DC relay; when the automotive low-voltage power supply is 24VDC, the multi-function controller is equipped with a 24V relay. The current approach uses DC relays with a coil voltage of V. While this method technically meets the power supply system's requirements, it requires controller manufacturers to purchase both 12VDC and 24VDC relays. Compared to purchasing only one type of relay, this not only lacks the cost advantage of bulk purchasing but also increases the controller manufacturer's material management costs. Because the 12V and 24V models of relays with the same contact specifications have identical dimensions, there is a risk of misinstallation during the production of multi-function controllers, thus increasing error-proofing management costs and causing significant inconvenience to production and quality control. Similarly, fuel system manufacturers and vehicle manufacturers also encounter similar procurement, material management, and production management issues. A system with DC relays compatible with a wide range of input voltages within the multi-function controller is now provided to solve the problems existing in the current technology. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a system that integrates DC relays in an all-in-one controller and is compatible with a wide range of input voltages. This addresses the problem in the existing technology where controller manufacturers need to purchase relays of both 12VDC and 24VDC specifications. Compared to purchasing only one type of relay, this not only lacks the cost advantage of bulk purchasing but also increases the material management costs for controller manufacturers.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is: a system for a wide range of input voltage compatible DC relay in an all-in-one controller, comprising: a DC relay located in the all-in-one controller; A wide-range power supply, which provides a voltage value of 9V-36V, is used to supply power to the vehicle's low-voltage electrical system. The voltage regulation module, located between the wide-range power supply and the coil of the DC relay, converts the input voltage provided by the wide-range power supply into the rated operating voltage suitable for the operation of the DC relay coil.

[0006] Preferably, the voltage regulation module is a buck-boost converter circuit, and the DC relay is a 12V DC relay. The buck-boost converter circuit converts the input voltage provided by the wide-range power supply into 12V to power the coil of the 12V DC relay.

[0007] Preferably, the voltage regulation module is a buck-boost converter circuit, and the DC relay is a 24V DC relay. The buck-boost converter circuit converts the input voltage provided by the wide-range power supply into 24V to power the coil of the 24V DC relay.

[0008] Preferably, the voltage regulation module is a boost converter circuit, and the DC relay is a 24V DC relay; an input voltage detection module is provided between the wide-range power supply and the boost converter circuit to detect the input voltage value of the wide-range power supply; the boost converter circuit is controlled by an enable control module. When the enable control module detects that the input voltage of the wide-range power supply is lower than the predetermined threshold A, it enables the boost converter circuit, which boosts the voltage of the wide-range power supply to 24V. When the enable control module detects that the input voltage of the wide-range power supply is higher than the predetermined threshold A, the boost converter circuit is disabled, and the wide-range power supply directly drives the coil of the 24V DC relay through the electronic components of the boost converter circuit.

[0009] Preferably, the voltage regulation module is a buck converter circuit, and the DC relay is a 12V DC relay; an input voltage detection module is provided between the wide-range power supply and the buck converter circuit to detect the input voltage value of the wide-range power supply; the buck converter circuit is controlled by an enable control module. When the enable control module detects that the input voltage of the wide-range power supply is higher than the predetermined threshold B, it enables the buck converter circuit, which reduces the voltage of the wide-range power supply to 12V. When the enable control module detects that the input voltage of the wide-range power supply is lower than the predetermined threshold B, the buck converter circuit is disabled, and the wide-range power supply directly drives the coil of the 12V DC relay through the electronic components of the buck converter circuit.

[0010] Preferably, the DC relay is a 12V DC relay, and the voltage regulation module includes an input voltage detection module, a digital signal processor (DSP), a diode and a switch U1 connected in parallel with the coil of the 12V DC relay, and a MOSFET connected in series with the coil of the 12V DC relay, with a diode connected in parallel between the source and drain of the MOSFET. The wide-range power supply directly powers the 12V DC relay. The input voltage detection module is used to detect the input voltage of the wide-range power supply. The digital signal processor (DSP) controls the switching on and off of switch U1. The DSP reads the input voltage value detected by the input voltage detection module and adjusts the PWM duty cycle of the MOSFET to make the output voltage of the voltage regulation module 12V.

[0011] Preferably, the coil of the DC relay is connected in series with a MOSFET, the gate of the MOSFET is controlled by a digital signal processor (DSP), a diode is connected in parallel between the source and drain of the MOSFET, the anode of the diode is connected to the source of the MOSFET, the cathode of the diode is connected to the drain of the MOSFET, and the source of the MOSFET is grounded; the DSP controls the switching of the MOSFET by outputting high and low levels, thereby controlling the energization and de-energization of the coil of the DC relay.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are: In this embodiment, the DC relay in the all-in-one controller is compatible with a wide range of input voltages. The automotive low-voltage power supply can be 9V-36V. The controller manufacturer can purchase only one type of DC relay, either 12DC or 24DC, to meet the usage requirements of automotive low-voltage power supplies ranging from 9V to 36V (including 12V and 24V). A single relay model can cover the needs of traditional passenger cars (12V) and commercial vehicles (24V), reducing procurement costs by more than 30%.

[0013] In this embodiment, the multi-function controller features a system with a DC relay compatible with a wide range of input voltages. If the controller manufacturer only purchases 12V DC relays, they can use the system described in Embodiment 1, 4, or 5 to meet the requirements of automotive low-voltage power supplies ranging from 9V to 36V (including 12V and 24V). If the manufacturer only purchases 24V DC relays, they can use the system described in Embodiment 2 or 3 to meet the requirements of automotive low-voltage power supplies ranging from 9V to 36V (including 12V and 24V). In other words, the controller manufacturer only needs to purchase either 12V or 24V DC relays, and only one type of relay, to match the wide input voltage range of 9V-36V for automotive low-voltage power supplies. This allows for larger total quantities purchased in bulk, resulting in a more significant price advantage, and eliminates the hassle of material management. Attached Figure Description

[0014] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments: Figure 1 This is a system where the DC relay in the all-in-one controller described in Embodiment 1 is compatible with a wide range of input voltages; Figure 2 This is a system where the DC relay in the all-in-one controller described in Embodiment 2 is compatible with a wide range of input voltages; Figure 3 This is a system where the DC relay in the all-in-one controller described in Embodiment 3 is compatible with a wide range of input voltages; Figure 4 This is a system where the DC relay in the all-in-one controller described in Embodiment 4 is compatible with a wide range of input voltages. Figure 5 This is a system where the DC relay in the all-in-one controller described in Embodiment 5 is compatible with a wide range of input voltages. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments: In the description of the invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention.

[0016] Example 1

[0017] like Figure 1 As shown, a system with a wide range of input voltage compatible DC relays within an all-in-one controller includes: a DC relay located within the all-in-one controller; a wide-range power supply providing 9V-36V voltage values ​​for automotive low-voltage power supply; and a voltage regulation module located between the wide-range power supply and the coil of the DC relay, converting the input voltage provided by the wide-range power supply into a rated operating voltage suitable for the operation of the DC relay coil.

[0018] The voltage regulation module is a buck-boost converter circuit, and the DC relay is a 12V DC relay. The buck-boost converter circuit converts the input voltage provided by the wide-range power supply into 12V to power the coil of the 12V DC relay. The coil of the DC relay is connected in series with a MOSFET Q1. The gate of the MOSFET is controlled by a digital signal processor (DSP). A diode D1 is connected in parallel between the source and drain of the MOSFET Q1. The anode of the diode D1 is connected to the source of the MOSFET Q1, and the cathode of the diode D1 is connected to the drain of the MOSFET Q1. The source of the MOSFET is also grounded. The DSP controls the switching on and off of the MOSFET Q1 by outputting high and low levels, thereby controlling the energization and de-energization of the DC relay coil.

[0019] In this embodiment, the buck-boost converter circuit includes a MOSFET Q2, an inductor L1, and a diode D2 connected in series. The source of MOSFET Q2 is connected to one end of inductor L1, and the anode of diode D2 is connected to the other end of inductor L1. A diode D3 is connected between the source of MOSFET Q2 and inductor L1. The anode of diode D3 is grounded, and the cathode of diode D3 is connected between the source of MOSFET Q2 and inductor L1. A MOSFET Q3 is connected between the anode of diode D2 and inductor L1. The source of MOSFET Q3 is grounded, and the drain of MOSFET Q3 is connected between the anode of diode D2 and inductor L1. The gates of MOSFETs Q2 and Q3 are controlled by a control chip.

[0020] In Example 1, the working principle of the system with DC relays in the all-in-one controller compatible with a wide range of input voltages is as follows: the input voltage range is 9V-36V. The control chip (which can operate in buck or buck-boost mode) controls the on / off state of MOSFETs Q2 and Q3 to maintain the output at 12VDC. Specifically: When the input is 14V-36V, MOSFET Q3 is turned off. MOSFET Q2, diode D3, and inductor L1 form a buck circuit. The buck circuit works as follows: when MOSFET Q2 is turned on, inductor L1 charges, supplying power to the subsequent circuit; when MOSFET Q2 is turned off, inductor L1 freewheels through diode D3, simultaneously supplying power to the subsequent circuit; during this process, diode D2 remains on, and the subsequent filter capacitor (not shown in the diagram) maintains a stable 12V. When the input is 9V-14V, MOSFET Q2, diode D3, inductor L1, MOSFET Q3, and diode D2 form a buck-boost circuit. The corresponding operating principle is as follows: when MOSFETs Q2 and Q3 are turned on, inductor L1 charges; when MOSFETs Q2 and Q3 are turned off, inductor L1 freewheels through diodes D2 and D3, simultaneously supplying power to the subsequent circuitry; the subsequent filter capacitor maintains a stable 12V.

[0021] The system using the DC relay in the all-in-one controller in this embodiment is compatible with a wide range of input voltages. The automotive low-voltage power supply can be 9V-36V. The controller manufacturer can purchase only 12DC DC relays to meet the usage requirements of automotive low-voltage power supplies ranging from 9V-36V (including 12V and 24V low-voltage power supplies). A single relay model can cover the needs of traditional passenger cars (12V) and commercial vehicles (24V), reducing procurement costs by more than 30%.

[0022] Example 2

[0023] like Figure 2 As shown, a system with a wide range of input voltage compatible DC relays within an all-in-one controller includes: a DC relay located within the all-in-one controller; a wide-range power supply providing 9V-36V voltage values ​​for automotive low-voltage power supply; and a voltage regulation module located between the wide-range power supply and the coil of the DC relay, converting the input voltage provided by the wide-range power supply into a rated operating voltage suitable for the operation of the DC relay coil.

[0024] The voltage regulation module is a buck-boost converter circuit, and the DC relay is a 24V DC relay. The buck-boost converter circuit converts the input voltage provided by the wide-range power supply into 24V to power the coil of the 24V DC relay. The coil of the DC relay is connected in series with a MOSFET Q1. The gate of the MOSFET Q1 is controlled by a digital signal processor (DSP). A diode D1 is connected in parallel between the source and drain of the MOSFET Q1. The anode of the diode D1 is connected to the source of the MOSFET Q1, and the cathode of the diode D1 is connected to the drain of the MOSFET Q1. The source of the MOSFET is also grounded. The DSP controls the switching on and off of the MOSFET Q1 by outputting high and low levels, thereby controlling the energization and de-energization of the DC relay coil.

[0025] In this embodiment, the buck-boost converter circuit includes a MOSFET Q2, an inductor L1, and a diode D2 connected in series. The source of MOSFET Q2 is connected to one end of inductor L1, and the anode of diode D2 is connected to the other end of inductor L1. A diode D3 is connected between the source of MOSFET Q2 and inductor L1. The anode of diode D3 is grounded, and the cathode of diode D3 is connected between the source of MOSFET Q2 and inductor L1. A MOSFET Q3 is connected between the anode of diode D2 and inductor L1. The source of MOSFET Q3 is grounded, and the drain of MOSFET Q3 is connected between the anode of diode D2 and inductor L1. The gates of MOSFETs Q2 and Q3 are controlled by a control chip.

[0026] In Example 2, the working principle of the system with DC relays in the all-in-one controller that are compatible with a wide range of input voltages is as follows: the input voltage range is 9-36V, and the control chip (which can operate in buck or buck-boost mode) controls the on and off of MOSFETs Q2 and Q3 to maintain the output at 24VDC. Specifically: When the input is 27V-36V, MOSFET Q3 is turned off. MOSFET Q2, diode D3, and inductor L1 form a buck circuit. The buck circuit works as follows: when MOSFET Q2 is turned on, inductor L1 charges, supplying power to the subsequent circuit; when MOSFET Q2 is turned off, inductor L1 freewheels through diode D3, simultaneously supplying power to the subsequent circuit; during this process, diode D2 remains on, and the subsequent filter capacitor (not shown in the diagram) maintains a stable 24V. When the input is 9V-27V, MOSFET Q2, diode D3, inductor L1, MOSFET Q3, and diode D2 form a buck-boost circuit. The corresponding operating principle is as follows: when MOSFETs Q2 and Q3 are turned on, inductor L1 charges; when MOSFETs Q2 and Q3 are turned off, inductor L1 freewheels through diodes D2 and D3, simultaneously supplying power to the subsequent circuitry; the subsequent filter capacitor maintains a stable 24V.

[0027] The system using the DC relay in the all-in-one controller in this embodiment is compatible with a wide range of input voltages. The automotive low-voltage power supply can be 9V-36V. The controller manufacturer can purchase only 24DC DC relays to meet the usage requirements of automotive low-voltage power supplies ranging from 9V-36V (including 12V and 24V low-voltage power supplies). A single relay model can cover the needs of traditional passenger cars (12V) and commercial vehicles (24V), reducing procurement costs by more than 30%.

[0028] Example 3

[0029] like Figure 3 As shown, a system with a wide range of input voltage compatible DC relays within an all-in-one controller includes: a DC relay located within the all-in-one controller; a wide-range power supply providing 9V-36V voltage values ​​for automotive low-voltage power supply; and a voltage regulation module located between the wide-range power supply and the coil of the DC relay, converting the input voltage provided by the wide-range power supply into a rated operating voltage suitable for the operation of the DC relay coil.

[0030] The voltage regulation module is a boost converter circuit, and the DC relay is a 24V DC relay. An input voltage detection module is set between the wide-range power supply and the boost converter circuit to detect the input voltage value of the wide-range power supply. This input voltage detection module can use various detection circuits in the prior art. In this embodiment, the existing resistor voltage divider circuit in the all-in-one controller is used for detection, without adding additional circuitry. The boost converter circuit is controlled by an enable control module. When the enable control module detects that the input voltage value of the wide-range power supply is lower than the predetermined threshold A (19V), it enables the boost converter circuit, which boosts the voltage of the wide-range power supply to 24V. When the enable control module detects that the input voltage value of the wide-range power supply is higher than the predetermined threshold A (21V), it disables the boost converter circuit, and the wide-range power supply directly drives the coil of the 24V DC relay through the inductor L1 and diode D2 of the boost converter circuit.

[0031] The coil of the DC relay is connected in series with a MOSFET Q1. The gate of the MOSFET Q1 is controlled by a digital signal processor (DSP). A diode D1 is connected in parallel between the source and drain of the MOSFET Q1. The anode of the diode D1 is connected to the source of the MOSFET Q1, and the cathode of the diode D1 is connected to the drain of the MOSFET Q1. The source of the MOSFET is also grounded. The DSP controls the switching on and off of the MOSFET Q1 by outputting high and low levels, thereby controlling the energization and de-energization of the coil of the DC relay.

[0032] In this embodiment, the boost converter circuit includes an inductor L1 and a diode D2 connected in series. The anode of the diode D2 is connected to one end of the inductor L1. A MOSFET Q2 is connected between the anode of the diode D2 and the inductor L1. The source of the MOSFET Q2 is grounded, and the drain of the MOSFET Q2 is connected between the anode of the diode D2 and the inductor L1. The gate of the MOSFET Q2 is controlled by a control chip.

[0033] The operating principle of the system in Example 3, where the DC relay in the all-in-one controller is compatible with a wide range of input voltages, is as follows: When the input voltage range is 9V-36V, the control chip (operating in boost mode) controls the on and off of MOSFET Q2 to maintain the output at 24VDC. In boost mode, when MOSFET Q2 is on, inductor L1 charges; when MOSFET Q2 is off, inductor L1 freewheels through diode D2, simultaneously supplying power to the subsequent circuitry; the subsequent filter capacitor (not shown in the figure) maintains a stable 24V.

[0034] In this embodiment, the control chip only needs to operate in boost mode, making its function simpler than in Embodiments 1 and 2. It also requires fewer MOSFETs and diodes, resulting in lower costs. The system using the DC relay within the all-in-one controller in this embodiment is compatible with a wide range of input voltages. The automotive low-voltage power supply can range from 9V to 36V. The controller manufacturer only needs to purchase a 24DC DC relay to meet the requirements of automotive low-voltage power supplies ranging from 9V to 36V (including 12V and 24V). A single relay model can cover the needs of both traditional passenger vehicles (12V) and commercial vehicles (24V), reducing procurement costs by more than 30%.

[0035] Example 4

[0036] like Figure 4As shown, a system with a wide range of input voltage compatible DC relays within an all-in-one controller includes: a DC relay located within the all-in-one controller; a wide-range power supply providing 9V-36V voltage values ​​for automotive low-voltage power supply; and a voltage regulation module located between the wide-range power supply and the coil of the DC relay, converting the input voltage provided by the wide-range power supply into a rated operating voltage suitable for the operation of the DC relay coil.

[0037] The voltage regulation module is a buck converter circuit, and the DC relay is a 12V DC relay. An input voltage detection module is set between the wide-range power supply and the buck converter circuit to detect the input voltage value of the wide-range power supply. This input voltage detection module can use various detection circuits in the prior art. In this embodiment, the existing resistor voltage divider circuit in the all-in-one controller is used for detection, without adding additional circuitry. The buck converter circuit is controlled by an enable control module. When the enable control module detects that the input voltage value of the wide-range power supply is higher than the predetermined threshold B (14V), it enables the buck converter circuit, which reduces the voltage of the wide-range power supply to 12V. When the enable control module detects that the input voltage value of the wide-range power supply is lower than the predetermined threshold B (14V), it disables the buck converter circuit. The wide-range power supply directly drives the coil of the 12V DC relay through the MOSFET Q3 and inductor L1 of the buck converter circuit.

[0038] The coil of the DC relay is connected in series with a MOSFET Q1. The gate of the MOSFET Q1 is controlled by a digital signal processor (DSP). A diode D1 is connected in parallel between the source and drain of the MOSFET Q1. The anode of the diode D1 is connected to the source of the MOSFET Q1, and the cathode of the diode D1 is connected to the drain of the MOSFET Q1. The source of the MOSFET is also grounded. The DSP controls the switching on and off of the MOSFET Q1 by outputting high and low levels, thereby controlling the energization and de-energization of the coil of the DC relay.

[0039] In this embodiment, the buck converter circuit includes a MOSFET Q2 and an inductor L1 connected in series. The source of the MOSFET Q2 is connected to one end of the inductor L1. A diode D2 is connected between the source of the MOSFET Q2 and the inductor L1. The anode of the diode D2 is grounded, and the cathode of the diode D2 is connected between the source of the MOSFET Q2 and the inductor L1. A MOSFET Q3 is connected in parallel between the drain and the source of the MOSFET Q2. The drain of the MOSFET Q3 is connected to the drain of the MOSFET Q2, and the source of the MOSFET Q3 is connected to the source of the MOSFET Q2. A switch U1 is provided between the gate and the drain of the MOSFET Q3. The gate of the MOSFET Q2 is controlled by a control chip, and the control chip and the switch U1 are controlled by an enable control module.

[0040] The operating principle of the system in Example 4, which uses a DC relay in the all-in-one controller to accommodate a wide range of input voltages, is as follows: The input voltage range is 9V-36V. The control chip (operating in buck mode) controls the on / off state of MOSFET Q2 to maintain the output at 12VDC. In buck mode, when MOSFET Q2 is on, inductor L1 charges and supplies power to the subsequent circuit; when MOSFET Q2 is off, inductor L1 freewheels through diode D2 and supplies power to the subsequent circuit; the subsequent filter capacitor (not shown in the figure) maintains a stable 12V.

[0041] In this embodiment, the control chip only needs to operate in buck mode, making its function simpler than in Embodiments 1 and 2. It also requires fewer MOSFETs and diodes, resulting in lower costs. The system using the DC relay within the all-in-one controller in this embodiment is compatible with a wide range of input voltages. The automotive low-voltage power supply can range from 9V to 36V. The controller manufacturer only needs to purchase 12DC relays to meet the requirements of automotive low-voltage power supplies ranging from 9V to 36V (including 12V and 24V). A single relay model can cover the needs of both traditional passenger vehicles (12V) and commercial vehicles (24V), reducing procurement costs by more than 30%.

[0042] Example 5

[0043] like Figure 5 As shown, a system with a wide range of input voltage compatible DC relays within an all-in-one controller includes: a DC relay located within the all-in-one controller; a wide-range power supply providing 9V-36V voltage values ​​for automotive low-voltage power supply; and a voltage regulation module located between the wide-range power supply and the coil of the DC relay, converting the input voltage provided by the wide-range power supply into a rated operating voltage suitable for the operation of the DC relay coil.

[0044] The DC relay is a 12V DC relay. The voltage regulation module includes an input voltage detection module, a digital signal processor (DSP), a diode D2 and a switch U1 connected in parallel to the 12V DC relay coil, and a MOSFET Q1 connected in series to the 12V DC relay coil. A diode D1 is connected in parallel between the source and drain of MOSFET Q1, the source of MOSFET Q1 is grounded, and the drain of MOSFET Q1 is connected to the coil of the 12V DC relay. The input voltage detection module can use various existing detection circuits; in this embodiment, the existing resistor divider circuit in the multi-function controller is used for detection, without adding additional wiring. The anode of diode D1 is connected to the source of MOSFET Q1, and the cathode of diode D1 is connected to the drain of MOSFET Q1. A wide-range power supply directly powers the 12V DC relay, and the input voltage detection module is used to detect the input voltage of the wide-range power supply. The DSP controls the switching of switch U1. The DSP reads the input voltage value detected by the input voltage detection module and adjusts the PWM duty cycle of MOSFET Q1 accordingly, so that the output voltage of the voltage regulation module is 12V.

[0045] The working principle of the system in Example 5, which is compatible with a wide range of input voltages and includes a DC relay in the multi-function controller, is as follows: When the PWM output of the digital signal processor (DSP) is high, the MOSFET Q1 is turned on, and the 12V DC relay coil is charged; when the PWM output of the DSP is low, the MOSFET Q1 is turned off, and the 12V DC relay coil continues to flow through the diode D2 (when the switch U1 is on), so that the current of the 12V DC relay coil is maintained at a level that keeps the contacts closed.

[0046] In this embodiment, no power conversion circuit is required; the digital signal processor (DSP) directly drives the circuit, resulting in a simpler circuit and lower cost compared to embodiments three and four. The system using the DC relay within the all-in-one controller in this embodiment is compatible with a wide range of input voltages. The automotive low-voltage power supply can range from 9V to 36V. Controller manufacturers can simply purchase a 12DC relay to meet the needs of automotive low-voltage power supplies ranging from 9V to 36V (including 12V and 24V). A single relay model can cover the needs of both traditional passenger vehicles (12V) and commercial vehicles (24V), reducing procurement costs by more than 30%.

[0047] In practical applications, this invention allows for the following: If a controller manufacturer only purchases 12V DC relays, they can use the system described in Embodiment 1, 4, or 5, where the DC relays within the multi-function controller are compatible with a wide range of input voltages, to meet the requirements of automotive low-voltage power supplies ranging from 9V to 36V (including 12V and 24V). Similarly, if the manufacturer only purchases 24V DC relays, they can use the system described in Embodiment 2 or 3, where the DC relays within the multi-function controller are compatible with a wide range of input voltages, to meet the requirements of automotive low-voltage power supplies ranging from 9V to 36V (including 12V and 24V). In summary, controller manufacturers only need to purchase either 12V or 24V DC relays, and only one type of relay, to match the wide input voltage range of 9V-36V for automotive low-voltage power supplies. This allows for larger total quantities purchased in bulk, resulting in a more significant price advantage, and eliminates the hassle of material management.

[0048] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical concept and features of the present invention, intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and thus all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention.

Claims

1. A system with a DC relay in an all-in-one controller compatible with a wide range of input voltages, characterized in that, include: DC relay, located in the all-in-one controller; A wide-range power supply, which provides a voltage value of 9V-36V, is used to supply power to the vehicle's low-voltage electrical system. The voltage regulation module, located between the wide-range power supply and the coil of the DC relay, converts the input voltage provided by the wide-range power supply into the rated operating voltage suitable for the operation of the DC relay coil. The voltage regulation module is any one of a buck-boost converter circuit, a boost converter circuit, and a buck converter circuit. The voltage regulation module is a buck-boost converter circuit, which includes a MOSFET Q2, an inductor L1, and a diode D2 connected in series. The source of MOSFET Q2 is connected to one end of inductor L1, and the anode of diode D2 is connected to the other end of inductor L1. A diode D3 is connected between the source of MOSFET Q2 and inductor L1, with the anode of diode D3 grounded and the cathode of diode D3 connected between the source of MOSFET Q2 and inductor L1. A MOSFET Q3 is connected between the anode of diode D2 and inductor L1, with the source of MOSFET Q3 grounded and the drain of MOSFET Q3 connected between the anode of diode D2 and inductor L1. The gates of MOSFETs Q2 and Q3 are controlled by a control chip.

2. The system for a wide-range input voltage compatible DC relay within an all-in-one controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The voltage regulation module is a buck-boost converter circuit, and the DC relay is a 12V DC relay. The buck-boost converter circuit converts the input voltage provided by the wide-range power supply into 12V to power the coil of the 12V DC relay.

3. The system for a wide-range input voltage compatible DC relay within an all-in-one controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The voltage regulation module is a buck-boost converter circuit, and the DC relay is a 24V DC relay. The buck-boost converter circuit converts the input voltage provided by the wide-range power supply into 24V to power the coil of the 24V DC relay.

4. The system for a wide-range input voltage compatible DC relay within a multi-function controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The voltage regulation module is a boost converter circuit, and the DC relay is a 24V DC relay; an input voltage detection module is set between the wide-range power supply and the boost converter circuit to detect the input voltage value of the wide-range power supply. The boost converter circuit is controlled by an enable control module; When the enable control module detects that the input voltage of the wide-range power supply is lower than the predetermined threshold A, it enables the boost converter circuit, which boosts the voltage of the wide-range power supply to 24V. When the enable control module detects that the input voltage of the wide-range power supply is higher than the predetermined threshold A, the boost converter circuit is disabled, and the wide-range power supply directly drives the coil of the 24V DC relay through the electronic components of the boost converter circuit.

5. The system for a wide-range input voltage compatible DC relay within an all-in-one controller according to claim 4, characterized in that: The boost converter circuit includes an inductor L1 and a diode D2 connected in series. The anode of the diode D2 is connected to one end of the inductor L1. A MOSFET Q2 is connected between the anode of the diode D2 and the inductor L1. The source of the MOSFET Q2 is grounded, and the drain of the MOSFET Q2 is connected between the anode of the diode D2 and the inductor L1. The gate of the MOSFET Q2 is controlled by a control chip.

6. The system for a wide-range input voltage compatible DC relay within an all-in-one controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The voltage regulation module is a step-down conversion circuit, and the DC relay is a 12V DC relay; an input voltage detection module is set between the wide-range power supply and the step-down conversion circuit to detect the input voltage value of the wide-range power supply; the step-down conversion circuit is controlled by an enable control module; When the enable control module detects that the input voltage of the wide-range power supply is higher than the predetermined threshold B, it enables the buck converter circuit, which reduces the voltage of the wide-range power supply to 12V. When the enable control module detects that the input voltage of the wide-range power supply is lower than the predetermined threshold B, the buck converter circuit is disabled, and the wide-range power supply directly drives the coil of the 12V DC relay through the electronic components of the buck converter circuit.

7. The system for a wide-range input voltage compatible DC relay within an all-in-one controller according to claim 6, characterized in that: The step-down converter circuit includes a MOSFET Q2 and an inductor L1 connected in series. The source of MOSFET Q2 is connected to one end of inductor L1. A diode D2 is connected between the source of MOSFET Q2 and inductor L1. The anode of diode D2 is grounded, and the cathode of diode D2 is connected between the source of MOSFET Q2 and inductor L1. A MOSFET Q3 is connected in parallel between the drain and source of MOSFET Q2. The drain of MOSFET Q3 is connected to the drain of MOSFET Q2, and the source of MOSFET Q3 is connected to the source of MOSFET Q2. A switch U1 is provided between the gate and drain of MOSFET Q3. The gate of MOSFET Q2 is controlled by a control chip, and the control chip and switch U1 are controlled by an enable control module.

8. The system for a wide-range input voltage compatible DC relay within an all-in-one controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The DC relay is a 12V DC relay. The voltage regulation module includes an input voltage detection module, a digital signal processor (DSP), a diode and a switch U1 connected in parallel with the coil of the 12V DC relay, and a MOSFET connected in series with the coil of the 12V DC relay. A diode is connected in parallel between the source and drain of the MOSFET. The wide-range power supply directly powers the 12V DC relay; the input voltage detection module is used to detect the input voltage of the wide-range power supply; the digital signal processor (DSP) controls the switching on and off of switch U1. The digital signal processor (DSP) reads the input voltage value detected by the input voltage detection module and adjusts the PWM duty cycle of the MOSFET to make the output voltage of the voltage regulation module 12V.

9. A system for a wide-range input voltage compatible DC relay within an all-in-one controller according to any one of claims 2, 3, 4, or 6, characterized in that: The coil of the DC relay is connected in series with a MOSFET. The gate of the MOSFET is controlled by a digital signal processor (DSP). A diode is connected in parallel between the source and drain of the MOSFET. The anode of the diode is connected to the source of the MOSFET, and the cathode of the diode is connected to the drain of the MOSFET. The source of the MOSFET is also grounded. The DSP controls the switching of the MOSFET by outputting high and low levels, thereby controlling the energization and de-energization of the coil of the DC relay.

Images