Battery management system and multi-battery pack cooperative control method thereof

Abstract

The application provides a battery management system and a multi-battery-pack cooperative control method thereof, single-battery-pack comprehensive data is obtained by separately collecting voltage and current data, temperature data and health state data of each battery pack, so that the collection and management of the battery pack data are realized, and a data basis is provided for the management and operation among the battery packs; based on the charging and discharging demand and the single-battery-pack comprehensive data, a globally optimal charging and discharging power distribution ratio is determined, the problem of unbalanced charging and discharging is solved, the charging efficiency and the available capacity of the battery are improved; based on the temperature data and the position distribution of all the battery packs, a joint thermal management strategy of adjacent battery packs is determined; by establishing the joint thermal management strategy, local overheating or overcooling is avoided, the battery attenuation is delayed, and the battery life is prolonged.

Description

A battery management system and its multi-battery pack collaborative control method Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of battery management technology, and in particular to a battery management system and a method for coordinated control of multiple battery packs. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, in scenarios such as new energy vehicles and large-scale energy storage power stations, which require the simultaneous management of multiple battery packs, it is necessary to solve the problems of balance and efficiency in the collaborative control of multiple battery packs.

[0003] Traditional BMS systems are typically designed for single battery packs. In scenarios involving multiple battery packs connected in parallel or series, such as cargo-sharing battery swapping systems in energy storage power stations, the following drawbacks exist:

[0004] Uneven charging and discharging: Due to differences in aging and initial capacity, the state of charge of each battery pack is inconsistent, reducing the overall usable capacity.

[0005] Thermal management issues: Independent temperature control strategies can lead to localized overheating or overcooling, accelerating battery degradation.

[0006] In summary, existing solutions rely on manual adjustments or simple parallel connections, and cannot dynamically optimize multiple collaborative strategies to achieve efficient collaborative management of battery packs. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This invention provides a battery management system and a multi-battery pack collaborative control method thereon to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0008] A battery management system, comprising:

[0009] The information acquisition and management module is used to collect voltage, current, temperature, and health status data for each battery pack individually, and obtain comprehensive data for a single battery pack.

[0010] The charge / discharge power allocation module is used to determine the globally optimal charge / discharge power allocation ratio based on charge / discharge requirements and comprehensive data of a single battery pack.

[0011] The thermal management module is used to determine the joint thermal management strategy for adjacent battery packs based on the temperature data and location distribution of all battery packs.

[0012] Preferably, it also includes an automatic balancing module for transferring energy from high-charge battery packs to low-charge battery packs when all battery packs are idle.

[0013] Preferably, the information collection and management module includes:

[0014] Voltage and current acquisition unit, used to acquire voltage and current data for each battery pack;

[0015] Temperature acquisition unit is used to collect temperature data for each battery pack;

[0016] A health status determination unit is used to calculate the health status data of each battery pack based on battery capacity data.

[0017] The management unit is used to associate voltage and current data, temperature data, and health status data with the unique identifier of each battery pack and store them in the storage space to obtain comprehensive data for a single battery pack.

[0018] Preferably, the charging / discharging power distribution module includes:

[0019] The health factor determination unit is used to determine the current state of charge, temperature value and health status based on the comprehensive data of a single battery group, set fixed weights for the state of charge and health status, set dynamic weights for the temperature value based on temperature nonlinearity compensation, and determine the health factor of each single battery group based on the current state of charge, temperature value and health status, combined with the fixed weights and dynamic weights.

[0020] The available capacity determination unit is used to determine the temperature capacity decay coefficient based on the deviation of the temperature value from the preset temperature value, and to obtain the current available capacity based on the product of the nominal capacity of each single battery pack, the current state of charge, and the temperature capacity decay coefficient.

[0021] The power determination unit is used to determine the allocation weight of a single battery pack based on the ratio of the product of the current available capacity and health factor of a single battery pack to the product of the available capacity and health factor of all battery packs, determine the total power demand based on the charging and discharging demand, and determine the initial allocation power of a single battery pack based on the product of the total power demand and the allocation weight.

[0022] The base value determination unit is used to predict the charge-discharge temperature curve and health state curve of a single battery pack based on historical charge-discharge data and combined with the initial power allocation, determine a first factor based on the charge-discharge temperature curve, determine a second factor based on the health state curve, determine the maximum power base value based on the product of the health state and the nominal power of the single battery pack, and constrain the maximum power base value based on the first factor and the second factor to obtain the target maximum power base value.

[0023] The judgment and adjustment unit is used to determine whether the initial power allocation of a single battery pack is greater than the target maximum power base value;

[0024] If so, the difference between the initial allocated power and the target maximum power base value is evenly distributed to other single battery packs. The above steps are repeated until the latest allocated power is no greater than the target maximum power base value. The global optimal charge and discharge power allocation ratio is determined based on the latest allocated power.

[0025] Otherwise, the optimal global charge and discharge power allocation ratio is determined based on the initial power allocation of a single battery pack.

[0026] Preferably, the thermal management module includes:

[0027] The partitioning unit is used to group a single battery pack into a first group based on the temperature data of all battery packs, obtain the first grouping result, determine the predicted temperature data based on the current working requirements of all battery packs and the temperature data, perform a second grouping on the single battery pack based on the predicted temperature data, obtain the second grouping result, take the common result of the first grouping result and the second grouping result, and divide the common result based on the characteristic that the location distribution must be adjacent, to obtain the battery pack thermal management grouping.

[0028] The priority determination unit is used to determine the predicted heat propagation characteristics in the battery pack thermal management group based on the temperature data and predicted temperature data in the battery pack thermal management group, and set the thermal management priority of the battery pack thermal management group based on the feature difference between the heat propagation characteristics and the standard heat propagation characteristics.

[0029] The target determination unit is used to determine a first joint heat dissipation / heating target based on the intra-group temperature difference in the thermal management group of the battery pack, and the inter-group temperature difference with other adjacent thermal management groups of the battery pack, and to determine a second joint heat dissipation / heating target based on the inter-group temperature difference.

[0030] The parameter determination unit is used to determine a first thermal management parameter based on the first joint heat dissipation / heating target and in combination with thermal management priority, and to determine a second thermal management parameter based on the second joint heat dissipation / heating target and in combination with thermal management priority;

[0031] An optimization unit is used to optimize the first thermal management parameter and the second thermal management parameter based on energy consumption constraints and battery life constraints to obtain target thermal management parameters, and to determine a joint thermal management strategy for adjacent battery packs based on the target thermal management parameters.

[0032] Preferably, the optimization unit includes:

[0033] The first optimization unit is used to optimize the first thermal management parameter based on the battery life constraint, and optimize the second thermal management parameter according to the optimization result to obtain the initial optimized thermal management parameter.

[0034] The second optimization unit is used to optimize the initial thermal management parameters based on the energy consumption constraints to obtain the target thermal management parameters.

[0035] Preferably, the automatic balancing module uses transformer-based power transfer technology for energy transfer.

[0036] Preferably, it also includes an information transmission module, used to transmit the integrated data of a single battery group obtained by the information acquisition and management module to the charge and discharge power distribution module and the thermal management module.

[0037] A multi-battery pack cooperative control method includes:

[0038] S1: Collect voltage, current, temperature, and health status data for each battery pack individually to obtain comprehensive data for a single battery pack;

[0039] S2: Determine the global optimal charging and discharging power allocation ratio based on charging and discharging requirements and comprehensive data of a single battery pack;

[0040] S3: Based on the temperature data and location distribution of all battery packs, determine the joint thermal management strategy for adjacent battery packs.

[0041] Preferably, in step S1, voltage and current data, temperature data, and health status data of each battery pack are collected individually to obtain comprehensive data for a single battery pack, including:

[0042] Collect voltage and current data for each battery pack;

[0043] Collect temperature data for each battery pack;

[0044] Collect health status data for each battery pack;

[0045] Voltage, current, temperature, and health status data are associated with the unique identifier of each battery pack and stored in the storage space to obtain comprehensive data for a single battery pack.

[0046] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following beneficial effects:

[0047] By individually collecting voltage, current, temperature, and health status data for each battery pack, comprehensive data for each battery pack is obtained, enabling the collection and management of battery pack data. This provides a data foundation for the management and operation of battery packs. Based on charging and discharging requirements and comprehensive data for each battery pack, the optimal global charging and discharging power allocation ratio is determined to solve the problem of uneven charging and discharging, improve battery charging efficiency and usable charging capacity. Based on the temperature data and location distribution of all battery packs, a joint thermal management strategy for adjacent battery packs is determined. By establishing a joint thermal management strategy, local overheating or overcooling is avoided, battery degradation is slowed down, and battery life is increased.

[0048] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the structures particularly pointed out in this application.

[0049] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0050] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0051] Figure 1 is a structural diagram of a battery management system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 2 is a structural diagram of the information collection and management module in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 3 is a flowchart of a multi-battery pack collaborative control method in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0054] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0055] Example 1:

[0056] This invention provides a battery management system, as shown in Figure 1, including:

[0057] The information acquisition and management module is used to collect voltage, current, temperature, and health status data for each battery pack individually, and obtain comprehensive data for a single battery pack.

[0058] The charge / discharge power allocation module is used to determine the globally optimal charge / discharge power allocation ratio based on charge / discharge requirements and comprehensive data of a single battery pack.

[0059] The thermal management module is used to determine the joint thermal management strategy for adjacent battery packs based on the temperature data and location distribution of all battery packs.

[0060] In this embodiment, the combined thermal management strategy involves performing combined heat dissipation or heating operations.

[0061] In this embodiment, each battery pack is equipped with a corresponding information acquisition and management module, and then the data collected by each module is transmitted to the charge and discharge power distribution module and the thermal management module for further management.

[0062] In this embodiment, the charging and discharging requirements are determined based on the actual needs of the user's application.

[0063] The beneficial effects of the above design scheme are as follows: By collecting voltage, current, temperature, and health status data of each battery pack individually, comprehensive data of a single battery pack can be obtained, enabling the collection and management of battery pack data. This provides a data foundation for the management and operation of battery packs. Based on charging and discharging requirements and comprehensive data of a single battery pack, the optimal global charging and discharging power allocation ratio can be determined, solving the problem of uneven charging and discharging, improving battery charging efficiency and usable charging capacity. Based on the temperature data and location distribution of all battery packs, a joint thermal management strategy for adjacent battery packs can be determined. By establishing a joint thermal management strategy, local overheating or overcooling can be avoided, battery degradation can be slowed down, and battery life can be increased.

[0064] Example 2:

[0065] Based on Embodiment 1, this embodiment of the invention provides a battery management system, which further includes an automatic balancing module for transferring energy from high-charge battery packs to low-charge battery packs when all battery packs are in an idle state.

[0066] In this embodiment, the automatic balancing module employs transformer-based power transfer technology for energy transfer.

[0067] The beneficial effect of the above design scheme is that by transferring the energy of the high-charge battery pack to the low-charge battery pack, the overall battery life is extended through cross-pack balancing.

[0068] Example 3:

[0069] Based on Embodiment 1, this embodiment of the invention provides a battery management system, as shown in Figure 2. The information acquisition and management module includes:

[0070] Voltage and current acquisition unit, used to acquire voltage and current data for each battery pack;

[0071] Temperature acquisition unit is used to collect temperature data for each battery pack;

[0072] A health status determination unit is used to calculate the health status data of each battery pack based on battery capacity data.

[0073] The management unit is used to associate voltage and current data, temperature data, and health status data with the unique identifier of each battery pack and store them in the storage space to obtain comprehensive data for a single battery pack.

[0074] In this embodiment, the health status data collected by the health status determination unit should primarily consist of quantifiable electrical parameters, physical parameters, and derived parameters, and the core data includes the following categories:

[0075] Basic electrical parameters include: voltage data (unit: volts), which includes real-time terminal voltage and peak charge / discharge voltage of the battery pack; current data (unit: amperes), which includes charging current, discharging current, and instantaneous pulse current; internal resistance data (unit: milliohms), which includes ohmic internal resistance and polarization internal resistance of the battery pack, acquired through AC impedance or DC discharge methods; temperature data (unit: degrees Celsius), which includes the surface temperature and internal core temperature of the battery pack; and charge / discharge cycle count (unit: cycles), which records the number of complete cycles the battery pack completes from full charge to discharge to cutoff voltage.

[0076] Health status data is capacity decay rate: dimensionless, expressed as a percentage, calculated as (initial rated capacity - current actual capacity) / initial rated capacity × 100%.

[0077] The beneficial effects of the above design scheme are: by collecting voltage, current and temperature data of each battery pack separately and calculating health status data, comprehensive data of a single battery pack can be obtained, realizing the collection and management of battery pack data, and providing a data foundation for the management and operation of battery packs.

[0078] Example 4:

[0079] Based on Embodiment 1, this embodiment of the invention provides a battery management system, wherein the charge / discharge power allocation module includes:

[0080] The health factor determination unit is used to determine the current state of charge, temperature value and health status based on the comprehensive data of a single battery group, set fixed weights for the state of charge and health status, set dynamic weights for the temperature value based on temperature nonlinearity compensation, and determine the health factor of each single battery group based on the current state of charge, temperature value and health status, combined with the fixed weights and dynamic weights.

[0081] The available capacity determination unit is used to determine the temperature capacity decay coefficient based on the deviation of the temperature value from the preset temperature value, and to obtain the current available capacity based on the product of the nominal capacity of each single battery pack, the current state of charge, and the temperature capacity decay coefficient.

[0082] The power determination unit is used to determine the allocation weight of a single battery pack based on the ratio of the product of the current available capacity and health factor of a single battery pack to the product of the available capacity and health factor of all battery packs, determine the total power demand based on the charging and discharging demand, and determine the initial allocation power of a single battery pack based on the product of the total power demand and the allocation weight.

[0083] The base value determination unit is used to predict the charge-discharge temperature curve and health state curve of a single battery pack based on historical charge-discharge data and the initial power allocation, determine a first factor based on the charge-discharge temperature curve, determine a second factor based on the health state curve, use the nominal power of a single battery pack as the maximum power base value, and constrain the maximum power base value based on the first and second factors to obtain the target maximum power base value.

[0084] The judgment and adjustment unit is used to determine whether the initial power allocation of a single battery pack is greater than the target maximum power base value;

[0085] If so, the difference between the initial allocated power and the target maximum power base value is evenly distributed to other single battery packs. The above steps are repeated until the latest allocated power is no greater than the target maximum power base value. The global optimal charge and discharge power allocation ratio is determined based on the latest allocated power.

[0086] Otherwise, the optimal global charge and discharge power allocation ratio is determined based on the initial power allocation of a single battery pack.

[0087] In this embodiment, the dynamic weight of the temperature value is set based on temperature nonlinearity compensation. Specifically, when the temperature is within a certain range, the dynamic weight is determined to be the optimal weight. When the temperature value deviates from the range, the corresponding dynamic weight is smaller, and the corresponding health factor is smaller.

[0088] In this embodiment, to ensure that the input variables of different dimensions retain their physical meaning after being weighted and summed according to the current state of charge, temperature value and health status, normalization processing is required to map each variable to the interval [0, 1]. The health factor is determined by the sum of the normalized value of the current state of charge and its fixed weight, the normalized value of the temperature value and its dynamic weight, and the normalized value of the health status and its fixed weight.

[0089] In this embodiment, the dynamic weight of the temperature value is determined by fitting the relationship curve between temperature and battery health based on historical experimental data, using temperature nonlinearity compensation.

[0090] In this embodiment, the greater the deviation of the temperature value from the preset temperature value, the smaller the corresponding temperature capacity decay coefficient.

[0091] In this embodiment, the first factor is determined based on the charge-discharge temperature curve. The larger the portion of the charge-discharge temperature curve that exceeds the standard temperature threshold range, the smaller the corresponding first factor.

[0092] In this embodiment, the second factor is determined based on the health status curve. The larger the portion of the health status curve that exceeds the standard health threshold range, the smaller the corresponding second factor.

[0093] In this embodiment, the maximum power base value is constrained based on the first factor and the second factor to obtain the target maximum power base value. Specifically, the actual maximum output power of the battery is limited by both health status and temperature, and is calculated by multiplying the target maximum power base value with the first factor and the second factor.

[0094] In this embodiment, the difference between the initial allocated power and the target maximum power base value is evenly distributed to other single battery packs, and then the determination and adjustment of whether it is greater than the target maximum power base value are performed again until the latest allocated power is not greater than the target maximum power base value.

[0095] The beneficial effects of the above design scheme are as follows: By setting fixed weights for state of charge and state of health, and using nonlinear compensation dynamic weights for temperature, the nonlinear impact of temperature on battery performance that is ignored by the battery management system is addressed. Furthermore, incorporating state of health into the health factor allows for lower load allocation to aging battery packs, increasing lifespan by 15%. Ultimately, this ensures the accuracy of the health factor, providing a foundation for optimal power allocation. Setting a temperature-capacity decay coefficient to determine the current available capacity improves the accuracy of capacity estimation under extreme temperatures. By considering the health factor and available capacity to determine allocation weights, the initial power allocation for a single battery pack is obtained based on multi-objective collaborative optimization, ensuring allocation accuracy and avoiding bottlenecks. The battery pack limits the overall output by determining a first factor based on the charge / discharge temperature curve, a second factor based on the health state curve, and a maximum power base value based on the product of the health state and the nominal power of a single battery pack. The maximum power base value is constrained based on the first and second factors to obtain a target maximum power base value. This achieves temperature prediction to prevent local overheating, avoids overload of aging batteries due to health state degradation, and ensures the safety of the charge / discharge process. By adjusting the initial power allocation of a single battery pack based on the target maximum power base value, the system avoids a decrease in the total output of the system due to local power limitation through energy transfer while ensuring safe charge / discharge. Ultimately, this achieves charge / discharge balance.

[0096] Example 5:

[0097] Based on Embodiment 1, this embodiment of the invention provides a battery management system, wherein the thermal management module includes:

[0098] The partitioning unit is used to group a single battery pack into a first group based on the temperature data of all battery packs, obtain the first grouping result, determine the predicted temperature data based on the current working requirements of all battery packs and the temperature data, perform a second grouping on the single battery pack based on the predicted temperature data, obtain the second grouping result, take the common result of the first grouping result and the second grouping result, and divide the common result based on the characteristic that the location distribution must be adjacent, to obtain the battery pack thermal management grouping.

[0099] The priority determination unit is used to determine the predicted heat propagation characteristics in the battery pack thermal management group based on the temperature data and predicted temperature data in the battery pack thermal management group, and set the thermal management priority of the battery pack thermal management group based on the feature difference between the heat propagation characteristics and the standard heat propagation characteristics.

[0100] The target determination unit is used to determine a first joint heat dissipation / heating target based on the intra-group temperature difference in the thermal management group of the battery pack, and the inter-group temperature difference with other adjacent thermal management groups of the battery pack, and to determine a second joint heat dissipation / heating target based on the inter-group temperature difference.

[0101] The parameter determination unit is used to determine a first thermal management parameter based on the first joint heat dissipation / heating target and in combination with thermal management priority, and to determine a second thermal management parameter based on the second joint heat dissipation / heating target and in combination with thermal management priority;

[0102] An optimization unit is used to optimize the first thermal management parameter and the second thermal management parameter based on energy consumption constraints and battery life constraints to obtain target thermal management parameters, and to determine a joint thermal management strategy for adjacent battery packs based on the target thermal management parameters.

[0103] In this embodiment, the combined thermal management strategy is implemented in two stages.

[0104] In this embodiment, the standard thermal propagation characteristics are determined based on the standard operating environment of the battery pack. The greater the difference between the thermal propagation characteristics and the standard thermal propagation characteristics, the higher the priority of thermal management.

[0105] The beneficial effects of the above design scheme are as follows: By grouping collected temperature data, predicting temperature grouping, and filtering based on location constraints, the scheme integrates real-time status and future trends, taking into account both static characteristics and dynamic changes. Through multi-level grouping, battery packs with similar temperature characteristics, operating states, and spatial adjacency are grouped into the same thermal management group, improving thermal management accuracy. Temperature changes are predicted based on operating requirements, identifying potential thermal risk areas in advance and enhancing predictive capabilities. Differentiated thermal management strategies are adopted for different groups, improving energy efficiency. By integrating real-time temperature, predicted temperature, and spatial location constraints, the scheme better meets the actual needs of battery pack thermal management. Prioritizing areas with abnormal heat propagation prevents the spread of local problems and system failures. Predictive resource allocation shortens the response time of the thermal management system. High-risk scenarios such as thermal runaway are given the highest priority, improving system safety. This design addresses the issue that traditional prioritization is usually based on the absolute value of the current temperature, while this design identifies potential risks through differences in heat propagation characteristics, achieving a shift from post-event processing to pre-event prevention. By distinguishing between the two optimization objectives of temperature uniformity within groups and temperature coordination between groups, the scheme further optimizes thermal management. By implementing a heat dissipation / heating strategy, the temperature differences within the battery pack are reduced, mitigating inconsistent battery aging rates. By controlling temperature differences between packs, system derating caused by localized hotspots is avoided. A balanced temperature distribution significantly extends the overall lifespan of the battery pack. Reasonable temperature control reduces battery internal resistance and energy loss during charging and discharging. By simultaneously considering the synergistic optimization of both dimensions, this approach better suits the actual operating environment of the battery pack. By mapping thermal management objectives to specific control parameters and combining them with priorities to achieve differentiated parameter configurations, abstract thermal management objectives are transformed into specific control parameters such as fan speed and coolant flow rate. Parameters are adjusted in real time according to priorities to adapt to the dynamically changing thermal characteristics of the battery pack. By simultaneously considering energy consumption constraints and battery life constraints, the energy consumption of the cooling / heating system is minimized while meeting thermal management requirements. This addresses the shortcomings of traditional solutions that typically optimize only a single objective (such as temperature control accuracy). By designing multi-objective optimization under multiple constraints, this approach better meets actual engineering needs, ultimately preventing localized overheating or overcooling of the battery pack during operation, delaying battery degradation, and increasing battery life.

[0106] Example 6:

[0107] Based on Embodiment 5, this embodiment of the invention provides a battery management system, wherein the optimization unit includes:

[0108] The first optimization unit is used to optimize the first thermal management parameter based on the battery life constraint, and optimize the second thermal management parameter according to the optimization result to obtain the initial optimized thermal management parameter.

[0109] The second optimization unit is used to optimize the initial thermal management parameters based on the energy consumption constraints to obtain the target thermal management parameters.

[0110] The beneficial effects of the above design scheme are: by first optimizing based on battery life constraints and then optimizing based on energy consumption constraints, energy consumption can be minimized as much as possible while ensuring battery life, thus ensuring the optimality of the target thermal management parameters.

[0111] Example 7:

[0112] Based on Embodiment 5, this embodiment of the invention provides a battery management system, which further includes an information transmission module for transmitting the integrated data of a single battery group obtained by the information acquisition and management module to the charge and discharge power distribution module and the thermal management module.

[0113] The beneficial effect of the above design scheme is that by transmitting the integrated data of a single battery group obtained by the information acquisition and management module to the charge and discharge power distribution module and the thermal management module, real-time information transmission is achieved.

[0114] Example 8:

[0115] This invention provides a multi-battery pack cooperative control method, as shown in Figure 3, including:

[0116] S1: Collect voltage, current, temperature, and health status data for each battery pack individually to obtain comprehensive data for a single battery pack;

[0117] S2: Determine the global optimal charging and discharging power allocation ratio based on charging and discharging requirements and comprehensive data of a single battery pack;

[0118] S3: Based on the temperature data and location distribution of all battery packs, determine the joint thermal management strategy for adjacent battery packs.

[0119] In this embodiment, the combined thermal management strategy involves performing combined heat dissipation or heating operations.

[0120] In this embodiment, each battery pack is equipped with a corresponding information acquisition and management module, and then the data collected by each module is transmitted to the charge and discharge power distribution module and the thermal management module for further management.

[0121] In this embodiment, the charging and discharging requirements are determined based on the actual needs of the user's application.

[0122] The beneficial effects of the above design scheme are as follows: By collecting voltage, current, temperature, and health status data of each battery pack individually, comprehensive data of a single battery pack can be obtained, enabling the collection and management of battery pack data. This provides a data foundation for the management and operation of battery packs. Based on charging and discharging requirements and comprehensive data of a single battery pack, the optimal global charging and discharging power allocation ratio can be determined, solving the problem of uneven charging and discharging, improving battery charging efficiency and usable charging capacity. Based on the temperature data and location distribution of all battery packs, a joint thermal management strategy for adjacent battery packs can be determined. By establishing a joint thermal management strategy, local overheating or overcooling can be avoided, battery degradation can be slowed down, and battery life can be increased.

[0123] Example 9:

[0124] Based on Embodiment 8, this embodiment of the invention provides a multi-battery pack collaborative control method. In step S1, voltage and current data, temperature data, and health status data of each battery pack are collected individually to obtain comprehensive data for a single battery pack, including:

[0125] Collect voltage and current data for each battery pack;

[0126] Collect temperature data for each battery pack;

[0127] Collect health status data for each battery pack;

[0128] Voltage, current, temperature, and health status data are associated with the unique identifier of each battery pack and stored in the storage space to obtain comprehensive data for a single battery pack.

[0129] The beneficial effects of the above design scheme are: by collecting voltage, current, temperature, and health status data of each battery pack individually, comprehensive data of a single battery pack can be obtained, realizing the collection and management of battery pack data, and providing a data foundation for the management and operation of battery packs.

[0130] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of this application and its equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A battery management system, characterized in that, include: The information acquisition and management module is used to collect voltage, current, temperature, and health status data for each battery pack individually to obtain comprehensive data for a single battery pack; the charge and discharge power allocation module is used to determine the globally optimal charge and discharge power allocation ratio based on charge and discharge requirements and comprehensive data for a single battery pack. The thermal management module is used to determine a joint thermal management strategy for adjacent battery packs based on the temperature data and location distribution of all battery packs. It includes: a partitioning unit, used to partition individual battery packs into a first group based on the temperature data of all battery packs, obtain a first grouping result, determine predicted temperature data based on the current operating requirements of all battery packs and the temperature data, partition the individual battery packs into a second group based on the predicted temperature data, obtain a second grouping result, take the common result of the first grouping result and the second grouping result, and partition the common result based on the requirement that the location distribution must be adjacent, to obtain battery pack thermal management groups; and a priority determination unit, used to determine the predicted heat propagation characteristics in the battery pack thermal management groups based on the temperature data and predicted temperature data in the battery pack thermal management groups, and based on the relationship between the heat propagation characteristics and the standard heat propagation characteristics. The system identifies differences in temperature characteristics and assigns them as thermal management priorities for battery pack thermal management groups. A target determination unit is used to determine a first joint heat dissipation / heating target based on intra-group temperature differences and inter-group temperature differences with other adjacent battery pack thermal management groups, and a second joint heat dissipation / heating target based on the inter-group temperature differences. A parameter determination unit is used to determine a first thermal management parameter based on the first joint heat dissipation / heating target and the thermal management priority, and a second thermal management parameter based on the second joint heat dissipation / heating target and the thermal management priority. An optimization unit is used to optimize the first and second thermal management parameters based on energy consumption constraints and battery life constraints to obtain target thermal management parameters, and to determine a joint thermal management strategy for adjacent battery packs based on the target thermal management parameters.

2. The battery management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The automatic balancing module is used to transfer energy from high-charge battery packs to low-charge battery packs when all battery packs are idle.

3. The battery management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The information acquisition and management module includes: a voltage and current acquisition unit for acquiring voltage and current data for each battery pack; a temperature acquisition unit for acquiring temperature data for each battery pack; a health status determination unit for calculating health status data for each battery pack based on battery capacity data; and a management unit for associating voltage and current data, temperature data, and health status data with the unique identifier of each battery pack and storing them in the storage space to obtain comprehensive data for a single battery pack.

4. A battery management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The charging and discharging power allocation module includes: a health factor determination unit, used to determine the current state of charge, temperature value, and health status based on comprehensive data of a single battery group, set fixed weights for the state of charge and health status, set dynamic weights for the temperature value based on temperature nonlinearity compensation, and determine the health factor of each single battery group based on the current state of charge, temperature value, and health status, combined with the fixed weights and dynamic weights; an available capacity determination unit, used to determine the temperature capacity decay coefficient based on the deviation of the temperature value from the preset temperature value, and obtain the current available capacity based on the product of the nominal capacity of each single battery group, the current state of charge, and the temperature capacity decay coefficient; and a power determination unit, used to determine the allocation weight of a single battery group based on the ratio of the product of the current available capacity and health factor of a single battery group to the product of the available capacity and health factor of all battery groups, determine the total power demand based on charging and discharging requirements, and determine the power demand of a single battery group based on the product of the total power demand and the allocation weight. The system comprises: an initial power allocation unit; a base value determination unit, used to predict the charge / discharge temperature curve and health state curve of a single battery pack based on historical charge / discharge data and the initial power allocation; a first factor determined based on the charge / discharge temperature curve; a second factor determined based on the health state curve; a maximum power base value determined based on the product of the health state and the nominal power of a single battery pack; and a target maximum power base value obtained by constraining the maximum power base value based on the first and second factors. An adjustment unit is used to determine whether the initial power allocation of a single battery pack is greater than the target maximum power base value. If so, the difference between the initial power allocation and the target maximum power base value is evenly distributed to other single battery packs. The power determination unit determines the latest power allocation until the latest power allocation is no greater than the target maximum power base value. The globally optimal charge / discharge power allocation ratio is determined based on the latest power allocation. Otherwise, the globally optimal charge / discharge power allocation ratio is determined based on the initial power allocation of the single battery pack.

5. A battery management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The optimization unit includes: a first optimization unit, configured to optimize the first thermal management parameter based on the battery life constraint, and optimize the second thermal management parameter based on the optimized result to obtain initial optimized thermal management parameters; and a second optimization unit, configured to optimize the initial optimized thermal management parameters based on the energy consumption constraint to obtain target thermal management parameters.

6. A battery management system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The automatic balancing module uses transformer-based power transfer technology for energy transfer.

7. A battery management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an information transmission module, which transmits the integrated data of a single battery group obtained by the information acquisition and management module to the charge and discharge power distribution module and the thermal management module.

8. A multi-battery pack cooperative control method, used in the battery management system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, include: S1: Collect voltage, current, temperature, and health status data for each battery pack individually to obtain comprehensive data for a single battery pack; S2: Determine the optimal global charging and discharging power allocation ratio based on charging and discharging requirements and comprehensive data of a single battery pack; S3: Determine the joint thermal management strategy for adjacent battery packs based on the temperature data and location distribution of all battery packs.

9. A multi-battery pack cooperative control method according to claim 8, characterized in that, In step S1, voltage and current data, temperature data, and health status data of each battery pack are collected individually to obtain comprehensive data for a single battery pack. This includes: collecting voltage and current data for each battery pack; collecting temperature data for each battery pack; collecting health status data for each battery pack; and storing the voltage and current data, temperature data, and health status data in storage space after associating them with the unique identifier of each battery pack to obtain comprehensive data for a single battery pack.

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