Centralized intelligent charging cabinet and charging method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of intelligent power supply, and discloses a centralized intelligent charging cabinet, which comprises a cabinet body internally provided with a plurality of independent charging bins; the main controller is mounted in the cabinet body; a plurality of intelligent charging modules, each of which is correspondingly installed in one independent charging bin and is electrically connected with the main controller; the battery management system communication assembly is integrated in each intelligent charging module; and the quick-release butt joint interfaces are arranged on the inner walls of the independent charging bins and are electrically connected with the intelligent charging modules. Through the synergistic effect of all the components, the centralized intelligent charging cabinet can achieve centralized intelligent management of the charging process of a plurality of batteries, the charging efficiency is improved, and the safety risk is reduced through real-time monitoring and unified regulation and control. The invention further discloses a charging method.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of intelligent power supply technology, such as a centralized intelligent charging cabinet and charging method. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, with the widespread application of outdoor traffic equipment, mobile trailer displays used for highway warnings and construction guidance are increasingly reliant on batteries. These devices require regular charging to maintain operation. Currently, battery charging is often scattered across different locations, lacking a unified charging site and system management. This results in a fragmented and disorganized charging process, increasing battery transportation and management costs and frequently disrupting equipment operation due to untimely charging. The dispersed charging locations have become a major obstacle to efficient battery replenishment.

[0003] To address the aforementioned issue of dispersed charging, various approaches have been adopted. For example, multiple independent chargers can be installed at fixed locations for users to carry batteries to for charging; simple charging racks can be used to hold batteries, which are then manually connected to chargers one by one; simultaneously, designated personnel record the charging time and status of each battery to avoid charging conflicts and omissions, minimizing the inconvenience caused by dispersed charging.

[0004] In the process of implementing the embodiments of this disclosure, at least the following problems were found in the related art: The lack of a centralized intelligent charging management mechanism in the adoption of related technologies means that each charging device operates independently without a unified monitoring and control unit, making it impossible to achieve precise control and collaborative management of the charging process. This results in difficulty in monitoring the battery status in real time during charging, which can easily lead to overcharging, abnormal temperature, and other issues. In addition to low charging efficiency, there are also high safety risks.

[0005] It should be noted that the information disclosed in the background section above is only used to enhance the understanding of the background of this application, and therefore may include information that does not constitute prior art known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To provide a basic understanding of some aspects of the disclosed embodiments, a brief summary is given below. This summary is not intended as a general commentary, nor is it intended to identify key / important components or describe the scope of protection of these embodiments, but rather as a prelude to the detailed description that follows.

[0007] This disclosure provides a centralized intelligent charging cabinet and charging method to achieve precise control and collaborative management of the charging process, improve charging efficiency, and reduce safety risks.

[0008] In some embodiments, a centralized smart charging cabinet includes: a cabinet body with multiple independent charging compartments inside; a main controller installed inside the cabinet body; multiple smart charging modules, each smart charging module being installed in a corresponding independent charging compartment and electrically connected to the main controller; a battery management system communication component integrated into each smart charging module; and a quick-release docking interface located on the inner wall of each independent charging compartment and electrically connected to the smart charging module.

[0009] Optionally, the centralized intelligent charging cabinet also includes a centralized management module, which is electrically connected to the main controller; wherein the centralized management module supports centralized host computer management for realizing visual monitoring.

[0010] Optionally, centralized host computer management includes web-based management and app-based management; and / or, the centralized management module is used to store charging records of the smart battery body, and the charging records are associated with the unique battery identifier of the smart battery body.

[0011] Optionally, at least one independent charging compartment includes: a compartment door sensor, installed at the connection between the compartment door and the compartment body, and electrically connected to the main controller; wherein the compartment door sensor is used to detect the open / closed state of the compartment door.

[0012] Optionally, at least one independent charging compartment further includes: a single-compartment fire extinguisher, fixed to the top of the independent charging compartment and electrically connected to the main controller; wherein the single-compartment fire extinguisher is used to perform fire extinguishing action when the fire extinguishing conditions are met.

[0013] Optionally, the centralized intelligent charging cabinet also includes a power supply module, which is electrically connected to the main controller and the intelligent charging module; wherein, the power supply module supports both mains power supply and solar power supply modes.

[0014] Optionally, the quick-release interface is a preset specification structure that matches the quick-release electrical interface of the smart battery body.

[0015] Optionally, the quick-release interface includes: a power contact, which is electrically connected to the power output terminal of the smart charging module; and a signal contact, which is electrically connected to the communication component of the battery management system.

[0016] Optionally, at least one smart charging module further includes: a voltage acquisition component electrically connected to the main controller; wherein the voltage acquisition component is used to acquire voltage information during the charging process; and / or, a current acquisition component electrically connected to the main controller; wherein the current acquisition component is used to acquire current information during the charging process.

[0017] In some embodiments, the charging method is applied to the aforementioned centralized charging cabinet; the method includes: docking the smart battery body to be charged with any independent charging compartment of the centralized smart charging cabinet, establishing a connection between the electrical interface of the smart battery body and the quick-release docking interface of the independent charging compartment; controlling the smart charging module corresponding to the independent charging compartment to detect its own and the initial state of the smart battery body, and sending a ready signal to the main controller after completing the self-test; establishing data communication between the smart charging module and the battery management system of the smart battery body through the battery management system communication component, obtaining the identity information and status parameters of the smart battery body, and transmitting them to the main controller; and controlling the smart charging module to start a preset charging strategy for charging based on the received identity information and status parameters, and dynamically adjusting the charging parameters based on the real-time collected status data.

[0018] The centralized intelligent charging cabinet and charging method provided in this disclosure can achieve the following technical effects: By setting up multiple independent charging compartments inside the cabinet, a centralized physical space is provided for charging multiple batteries, avoiding the scattered and disorderly charging of scattered charging. The main controller, installed inside the cabinet, serves as the control core and is electrically connected to the intelligent charging module in each independent charging compartment. It coordinates the operation of each intelligent charging module, achieving unified management of multiple charging processes. Each intelligent charging module corresponds to an independent charging compartment, can independently perform charging operations, and is controlled by the main controller, ensuring the orderly progress of each charging process. The battery management system communication component integrated within the intelligent charging module can establish data communication with the battery management system of the intelligent battery being charged, facilitating the acquisition of battery identity and status information, providing data support for precise charging. Quick-release docking interfaces, located on the inner wall of the independent charging compartments and electrically connected to the intelligent charging modules, enable rapid connection between the intelligent battery and the charging cabinet, reducing the cumbersome manual operation. Through the synergistic effect of these components, the centralized intelligent charging cabinet can achieve centralized intelligent management of the charging processes of multiple batteries, improving charging efficiency and reducing safety risks through real-time monitoring and unified control.

[0019] The above general description and the description below are exemplary and illustrative only and are not intended to limit this application. Attached Figure Description

[0020] One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. These illustrations and drawings do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments. Elements having the same reference numerals in the drawings are shown as similar elements. The drawings are not to be scaled. And wherein: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a centralized intelligent charging cabinet structure provided in an embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of another centralized intelligent charging cabinet structure provided in this embodiment; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of another centralized intelligent charging cabinet provided in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0021] Figure label: 10: Protective shell; 11: Quick-release electrical interface; 12: Handle; 13: Battery display screen; 14: Status detection module; 15: Indicator light; 16: Through hole; 17: Quick-release docking interface; 18: Smart battery; 19: Independent charging compartment; 20: Identification module.

[0022] Specific implementation methods To provide a more detailed understanding of the features and technical content of the embodiments of this disclosure, the implementation of the embodiments of this disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the embodiments of this disclosure. In the following technical description, for ease of explanation, several details are used to provide a full understanding of the disclosed embodiments. However, one or more embodiments may still be implemented without these details. In other cases, well-known structures and devices may be simplified in their depiction to simplify the drawings.

[0023] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this disclosure are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate for the embodiments of this disclosure described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0024] In this disclosure, the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "middle," "outer," "front," and "rear," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are primarily for better description of the embodiments of this disclosure and their implementations, and are not intended to limit the indicated devices, elements, or components to having a specific orientation, or to require them to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Furthermore, some of the aforementioned terms may be used to indicate other meanings besides orientation or positional relationship; for example, the term "upper" may in some cases indicate a dependency or connection relationship. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in the embodiments of this disclosure according to the specific circumstances.

[0025] Furthermore, the terms "set up," "connect," and "fix" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be an internal connection between two devices, components, or parts. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this disclosure according to the specific circumstances.

[0026] Unless otherwise stated, the term "multiple" means two or more.

[0027] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the character " / " indicates that the objects before and after it are in an "or" relationship. For example, A / B means: A or B.

[0028] The term "and / or" describes an association between objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B means: A or B, or A and B.

[0029] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present disclosure can be combined with each other.

[0030] Combination Figures 1 to 3 As shown in the figure, this disclosure provides a centralized intelligent charging cabinet, which includes a cabinet body, a main controller, multiple intelligent charging modules, a battery management system communication component, and a quick-release interface 17. The cabinet body contains multiple independent charging compartments 19. The main controller is installed inside the cabinet body. Each intelligent charging module is installed in one independent charging compartment 19 and is electrically connected to the main controller. The battery management system communication component is integrated into each intelligent charging module. The quick-release interface 17 is located on the inner wall of each independent charging compartment 19 and is electrically connected to the intelligent charging module.

[0031] In this embodiment, the cabinet is made of metal or flame-retardant engineering plastic, and the size of each independent charging compartment 19 is adapted to the size of the smart battery 18. The metal material (such as aluminum alloy or stainless steel) is enhanced for corrosion resistance through anodizing or electroplating, while the flame-retardant engineering plastic (such as polycarbonate or polyethylene terephthalate) achieves self-extinguishing properties by adding flame retardants (such as aluminum hydroxide or magnesium hydroxide). The number of independent charging compartments 19 is limited to a set number, and a balance between cabinet space utilization and heat dissipation efficiency is achieved to avoid heat accumulation due to too many compartments. The size of each independent charging compartment 19 is precisely adapted to the smart battery 18, which limits the battery's displacement space within the compartment to ensure the connection stability of the quick-release interface 17, and forms a compact layout to optimize cabinet space utilization. Through the synergistic effect of the material's fire resistance and structural parameters, multiple batteries can be charged centrally within a limited space, while providing basic protection for thermal management and mechanical protection.

[0032] In this embodiment, the main controller works collaboratively with multiple smart charging modules via electrical connections, including but not limited to CAN bus communication or Ethernet interfaces. CAN bus communication achieves electromagnetic interference resistance through differential signal transmission and supports each smart charging module uploading status data at a preset rate. The Ethernet interface achieves high-speed data interaction through the RJ45 physical layer and is compatible with the TCP / IP protocol stack, supporting remote monitoring. The main controller dynamically adjusts the charging strategy (such as fast charging mode or power reduction mode) by parsing the voltage, temperature, and charging power data uploaded by each smart charging module. For example, when the battery temperature in a certain independent charging compartment 19 exceeds a threshold, the main controller sends a command via the CAN bus to cause the corresponding smart charging module to enter power reduction mode, and simultaneously pushes an abnormal alarm to the centralized management module via the Ethernet interface. Through the integration of multi-channel communication protocols, while ensuring data real-time performance, it supports remote visual management and local emergency response of the centralized smart charging cabinet.

[0033] In this embodiment, the quick-release interface 17 has a pre-defined structural design that includes separate power contacts and signal contacts. The power contacts utilize a large-section copper alloy conductor (e.g., phosphor bronze pins with a diameter ≥2mm) to achieve low contact resistance (≤5mΩ), while the signal contacts suppress electromagnetic interference through an insulating layer (e.g., a polyimide film) and a shielding layer (e.g., a copper foil grounding layer). For example, the power contact group uses a Type-C interface VBUS / GND contact layout, supporting a wide voltage range of DC 5V-48V; the signal contact group uses LVDS (Low Voltage Differential Signaling) contacts, achieving high-speed data transmission (≥100Mbps) through ±350mV differential voltage. The quick-release interface 17 has an insertion / extraction force range of 50N to 150N, balancing connection reliability and ease of operation through a pre-tightening design using an elastic material (e.g., silicone-coated metal contacts). By separating physical contacts and optimizing signals, the charging energy supply, battery identification, and status monitoring functions can be activated simultaneously after the smart battery 18 is inserted into the independent charging compartment 19. This simplifies the operation process and provides real-time data support for the subsequent precise charging control by the main controller.

[0034] The centralized intelligent charging cabinet provided in this embodiment provides a centralized physical space for charging multiple batteries by setting multiple independent charging compartments 19 inside the cabinet, avoiding the scattered and disorderly charging of scattered charging. The main controller is installed inside the cabinet and serves as the control core, electrically connected to the intelligent charging module in each independent charging compartment 19. It can coordinate the work of each intelligent charging module and achieve unified management of multiple charging processes. Each intelligent charging module corresponds to an independent charging compartment 19, can independently perform charging operations and is controlled by the main controller, ensuring the orderly progress of each charging process. The battery management system communication component integrated in the intelligent charging module can establish data communication with the battery management system of the intelligent battery 18 to be charged, facilitating the acquisition of battery identity and status information and providing data support for precise charging. The quick-release docking interface 17, located on the inner wall of the independent charging compartment 19 and electrically connected to the intelligent charging module, enables quick connection between the intelligent battery 18 and the charging cabinet, reducing the cumbersome manual operation. Temperature sensors installed in each independent charging compartment 19 and electrically connected to the main controller can detect the temperature inside the compartment in real time and transmit the information to the main controller, facilitating the timely detection of temperature anomalies. Through the coordinated operation of the above components, the centralized intelligent charging cabinet can achieve centralized intelligent management of the charging process of multiple batteries, which not only improves charging efficiency but also reduces safety risks through real-time monitoring and unified control.

[0035] Optionally, the centralized intelligent charging cabinet also includes a centralized management module. The centralized management module is electrically connected to the main controller. This module supports centralized host computer management for visualized monitoring.

[0036] In this embodiment, the centralized management module is used to integrate charging data. Its implementation includes, but is not limited to, an embedded processing unit or a remote server unit. The embedded processing unit establishes data interaction with the main controller via a local communication bus, while the remote server unit connects to the main controller via the Internet protocol. For example, the embedded processing unit may include an ARM Cortex microcontroller or a Raspberry Pi single-board computer, and the remote server unit may include a cloud server or a local data center server.

[0037] In this embodiment of the disclosure, centralized host computer management refers to remote monitoring and operation of the charging process through an external computing device, including but not limited to network-based interface access or application control. Network-based interface access is implemented via HTTP or HTTPS protocols, and application control is executed through mobile or desktop software. For example, network-based interface access includes browser web portals, and application control includes iOS mobile applications or Windows desktop programs.

[0038] In this embodiment of the disclosure, visual monitoring refers to converting charging status parameters into a graphical display, including but not limited to dynamic charts or real-time alarm indications. The dynamic charts display voltage and temperature change curves, and the real-time alarm indications are triggered by visual or auditory signals. For example, dynamic charts may include line graphs or bar graphs, and real-time alarm indications may include flashing LEDs or buzzer alarms.

[0039] In this decentralized charging mode, reliance on manual recording of battery charging status and historical data can easily lead to omissions, confusion, and a lack of transparency in management. The centralized management module is electrically connected to the main controller, which integrates the charging data from each independent charging compartment 19. The centralized management module supports centralized host computer management, transforming charging status, battery identifiers, and anomaly alarms into a visual graphical interface. This enables centralized storage and remote visual monitoring of charging data, eliminating errors from manual recording. The automatic association between charging records and unique battery identifiers ensures accurate traceability of the charging history for each battery, providing a data foundation for optimizing charging strategies and improving the intelligence level of centralized charging from both management transparency and data traceability perspectives.

[0040] Optionally, centralized host computer management includes web-based management and app-based management. And / or, the centralized management module is used to store the charging records of the smart battery 18, and the charging records are associated with the unique battery identifier of the smart battery 18.

[0041] In this embodiment, the centralized host computer-managed web application adopts a distributed architecture design, including the separate deployment of the front-end rendering layer and the back-end service layer. The front-end rendering layer uses HTML5+CSS3+JavaScript to build a responsive interface, supporting mainstream browsers such as Chrome, Firefox, and Edge, as well as cross-platform access on Windows, Linux, and macOS. The back-end service layer uses a microservice framework (such as Spring Cloud) to decouple business logic and communicates with the centralized management module through a RESTful API. The data synchronization mechanism uses the WebSocket protocol to establish a bidirectional long connection, ensuring that the web application receives dynamic data such as the charging compartment temperature curve and battery percentage in real time. For example, when the web application detects that a user clicks the "Export Charging Records" button, the back-end service layer calls the Hadoop Distributed File System interface to batch export CSV format data, while the front-end rendering layer uses Canvas to draw a heat map to display the charging compartment temperature distribution. The front-end and back-end separation architecture achieves multi-terminal compatibility, and the WebSocket real-time communication ensures second-level latency for status updates, allowing managers to analyze charging data in batches via the web application in office settings.

[0042] In this embodiment, the centralized host computer management APP adopts a mobile SDK encapsulation scheme, including a layered design of core functional modules and extended functional modules. The core functional modules achieve cross-platform compatibility through Android SDK and iOS SDK, supporting offline caching functionality on mobile devices (local SQLite database stores charging records for the last 7 days) and a breakpoint resume mechanism (large file chunk download based on HTTP Range requests). The extended functional modules include AR-assisted positioning (using the phone's camera to scan the charging cabinet's QR code to trigger 3D model navigation) and voice alarm prompts (integrating a TTS engine to convert abnormal alarms into voice broadcasts). For example, when the APP detects that the charging compartment temperature exceeds a threshold, the extended functional module activates AR navigation to guide the user to the faulty compartment, while simultaneously broadcasting "Compartment 03 High Temperature Warning, Please Check Immediately." Function reuse is achieved through SDK encapsulation, and the combination of AR and voice interaction improves operational efficiency in outdoor scenarios, ensuring that managers can quickly locate abnormal points through the APP in mobile scenarios.

[0043] In this embodiment, the charging record storage of the centralized management module adopts a hierarchical database design, including a three-level storage architecture of a basic information table, a real-time status table, and a historical record table. The basic information table stores the unique battery identifier, initial capacity parameters, and production batch information of the smart battery 18. The real-time status table records the voltage, temperature, and charging power of the current charging stage. The historical record table archives completed charging cycle data in a time-series format. The data binding mechanism uses a hash algorithm to map the unique battery identifier to the charging record. For example, the SHA-256 algorithm is used to encrypt the unique battery identifier to generate a 32-byte index key value, which serves as the primary key to associate the three storage tables. Specifically, when the smart battery 18 is inserted into the charging compartment, the centralized management module reads its unique battery identifier and triggers a hash calculation. The generated index key value is synchronously written to the basic information table and the real-time status table, ensuring real-time binding of charging data. Through hierarchical storage and hash binding strategies, the system can achieve millisecond-level query response for single-battery full-cycle data, supporting administrators in tracing battery performance degradation trends or performing correlation analysis on abnormal charging events.

[0044] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the charging record is a time-series dataset generated during the charging process, including but not limited to voltage curves, temperature curves, charging current values, and charging duration. The voltage curve is generated by an ADC module at a sampling frequency of at least once per second, and the temperature curve is acquired by an NTC thermistor or an infrared sensor. For example, the voltage curve contains a sequence of instantaneous voltage values ​​with timestamps, and the temperature curve contains dual-channel records of battery surface temperature and ambient temperature.

[0045] In this embodiment, the association can be implemented through a data binding mechanism, including but not limited to foreign key associations in relational databases or unique key mappings in key-value stores. The relational database establishes a connection between the charging record table and the battery identifier table using SQL statements, while the key-value store directly indexes the charging record data using the unique battery identifier as the key. For example, the relational database uses foreign key constraints in MySQL to implement the association, and the key-value store uses a Redis key-value pair structure to store the mapping between identifiers and records.

[0046] In this way, centralized upper-level computer management includes web-based management and APP-based management, allowing administrators to access the centralized management module through multiple channels such as the web or APP. This increases the flexibility and convenience of monitoring and management, eliminating the need to be limited to a specific terminal and facilitating the monitoring of the charging status of multiple independent charging compartments 19 and smart batteries 18 anytime, anywhere. The centralized management module stores the charging records of the smart batteries 18, and each charging record is associated with a unique battery identifier for the smart battery 18. Since the unique battery identifier can uniquely identify the smart battery 18, it enables accurate correspondence and traceability of the charging records for each smart battery 18, reducing the possibility of charging record confusion and facilitating the querying of charging history information for a specific smart battery 18. This improves the efficiency and accuracy of centralized management of the charging process of multiple smart batteries 18.

[0047] Optionally, at least one independent charging compartment 19 includes a compartment door sensor. The compartment door sensor is installed at the connection between the compartment door and the compartment body and is electrically connected to the main controller. The compartment door sensor is used to detect the open / closed state of the compartment door.

[0048] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the door sensor includes a state detection device for detecting the position of the door. The state detection device includes a magnetic proximity switch or a mechanical limit switch. For example, the magnetic proximity switch senses the displacement of a magnet through the Hall effect and outputs a switch signal, while the mechanical limit switch determines the closed state of the door through physical contact.

[0049] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the door sensor is used to detect the open / closed state of the door by outputting a binary level signal. When the door is in the closed position, it outputs a high-level signal, and when the door is in the open position, it outputs a low-level signal. The change in the level signal reflects the opening / closing state of the door.

[0050] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the door sensor is electrically connected to the main controller via a digital signal transmission interface. The digital signal transmission interface includes a general-purpose input / output interface or a serial communication interface. For example, the general-purpose input / output interface is directly connected to the main controller pins via wires, and the serial communication interface transmits switch status data via a single-wire protocol.

[0051] In this embodiment, the detection logic of the door sensor includes a state discrimination algorithm and an anomaly response mechanism. The state discrimination algorithm uses threshold comparison and dynamic filtering for dual verification. For example, the output voltage signal of a mechanical sensor must be stably higher than 2.5V for three consecutive sampling cycles (cycle ≤ 50ms) to be considered a closed state. For a photoelectric sensor, the optical path interruption duration must exceed 200ms and the number of pulse jitters must be < 3. The anomaly response mechanism includes a tiered alarm strategy. When an abnormal opening of the door is detected, the main controller first triggers the local indicator light 15 to flash (red light flashing at 2Hz). If it does not recover within 10 seconds, it sends an alarm code 0x04 to the centralized management module via the CAN bus, and simultaneously activates the door locking solenoid valve to cut off the power supply circuit. For example, in the case of a mechanical sensor false triggering, the system uses a software filtering algorithm to identify short-term fluctuations (such as instantaneous opening and closing ≤ 200ms) to avoid false alarms caused by vibration. For continuous abnormal states, the main controller records an event log (including timestamp, sensor ID, and state change sequence) to support subsequent tracing and analysis of the cause of the door anomaly. By co-designing algorithms and hardware, we can ensure detection accuracy while reducing false alarm rates, providing multi-layered protection for charging safety.

[0052] Thus, at least one independent charging compartment 19 includes a door sensor, which is installed at the connection between the door and the compartment body. The door sensor can directly detect the opening and closing status of the door. Since the door sensor is electrically connected to the main controller, it can transmit the detected opening and closing status information to the main controller in real time. This allows the main controller to know in a timely manner whether the door of the independent charging compartment 19 is closed, so that appropriate measures can be taken when the door is not closed, such as terminating charging. This reduces the risk of personnel coming into contact with live parts or debris entering the charging compartment due to the door being open, and ensures the safety of the charging process.

[0053] Optionally, at least one independent charging compartment 19 also includes a single-compartment fire extinguisher. The single-compartment fire extinguisher is fixed to the top of the independent charging compartment 19 and electrically connected to the main controller. The single-compartment fire extinguisher is used to perform fire extinguishing action when the fire extinguishing conditions are met.

[0054] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the single-compartment fire extinguisher is a fire suppression device for the independent charging compartment 19, including but not limited to gas release fire extinguishers or liquid spray fire extinguishers. Gas release fire extinguishers smother the flame with an inert gas (such as heptafluoropropane), while liquid spray fire extinguishers cool and retard the flame with an atomized extinguishing agent (such as water-based foam). For example, a gas release fire extinguisher includes a heptafluoropropane storage tank, and a liquid spray fire extinguisher includes a miniature high-pressure water pump and a nozzle assembly.

[0055] In this embodiment, the fixing method employs a mechanical locking structure or a magnetic adsorption structure. The mechanical locking structure includes, but is not limited to, a U-shaped snap-fit ​​bracket or a bolt flange, while the magnetic adsorption structure comprises a combination of a permanent magnet base and a metal adsorption plate. For example, the U-shaped snap-fit ​​bracket is a nylon snap-fit ​​fixing bracket, and the bolt flange is a stainless steel four-hole flange; the magnetic adsorption structure comprises neodymium iron boron magnets and a galvanized steel plate.

[0056] In this embodiment, the fire extinguishing condition is that the temperature inside the independent charging compartment 19 exceeds a preset temperature threshold. The main controller receives real-time data from the temperature sensor to determine whether the threshold is met. The fire extinguishing actions include, but are not limited to, opening a solenoid valve or triggering an electric detonator. Opening the solenoid valve controls the flow of the extinguishing agent, and triggering the electric detonator releases explosive energy to drive the diffusion of the extinguishing agent. For example, the solenoid valve uses a 12V DC solenoid coil valve, and the electric detonator is triggered by a low-voltage ignition circuit to detonate the sealing rupture membrane.

[0057] Thus, at least one independent charging compartment 19 also includes a single-compartment fire extinguisher, which is fixed to the top of the independent charging compartment 19. This position facilitates rapid action on the fire source area in the event of a fire within the independent charging compartment 19. The single-compartment fire extinguisher is electrically connected to the main controller, enabling the main controller to control the single-compartment fire extinguisher to execute fire extinguishing actions when it detects that fire extinguishing conditions are met, thus promptly addressing potential fire risks within the independent charging compartment 19 and reducing the possibility of fire spreading. Through targeted fire extinguishing features, the impact of a fire in a single independent charging compartment 19 on other charging compartments and the entire centralized intelligent charging cabinet can be reduced, enhancing the safety protection capabilities of the centralized intelligent charging cabinet during the charging process.

[0058] Optionally, the centralized intelligent charging cabinet also includes a power supply module. The power supply module is electrically connected to the main controller and the intelligent charging module. The power supply module supports both mains power and solar power supply modes.

[0059] In this embodiment, the power conversion unit of the power supply module includes a parallel design of a mains input interface and a solar input interface. The mains input interface uses single-phase or three-phase AC input and outputs DC bus voltage through an isolated AC-DC converter, supporting a wide input voltage range of 90V-277V, compatible with different grid fluctuation scenarios. The solar input interface integrates multiple photovoltaic modules (such as monocrystalline silicon / polycrystalline silicon photovoltaic panels), dynamically adjusting the input power through a maximum power point tracking controller to output a DC bus voltage of the same specification as the mains power. For example, the mains input interface can be selected from a power frequency transformer + full-bridge rectification scheme (efficiency ≥85%), and the solar input interface can use a digital MPPT controller (tracking accuracy ≥99%). The dual-input parallel architecture achieves seamless switching between mains power and solar power, while the bus capacitor stores energy to smooth input fluctuations, ensuring the power supply stability of the main controller and intelligent charging module.

[0060] In this embodiment, the energy management controller of the power supply module includes priority control logic and a dynamic load allocation algorithm. The priority control logic determines the power supply selection order through a preset strategy, such as prioritizing solar power supply (when the light intensity is ≥500W / m² and the energy storage capacity is ≥20%), otherwise automatically switching to mains power supply. The dynamic load allocation algorithm dynamically adjusts the power ratio of mains power and solar power according to real-time power demand (such as charging power demand P_total=ΣP_i, i=1 to N). For example, when P_total≤s the maximum solar output P_solar_max, it relies entirely on solar power supply; when P_total>P_solar_max, the mains power supplements the difference in power (P_grid=P_total-P_solar). Specifically, the priority control logic is implemented through a PLC program, and the dynamic load allocation algorithm adopts a fuzzy PID control strategy, adjusting the power allocation ratio in real time by sampling three parameters: input power (P_solar), output power (P_total), and energy storage SOC (State of Charge). By combining software algorithms with hardware circuits, the system maximizes solar energy utilization while ensuring power supply continuity, reduces dependence on mains power, and achieves intelligent energy management.

[0061] In this embodiment, the energy storage system of the power supply module includes a hybrid energy storage architecture of a supercapacitor bank and a lithium battery bank. The supercapacitor bank is composed of parallel low-ESR (equivalent series resistance) electrolytic capacitors, providing instantaneous high-current discharge capability to buffer instantaneous power gaps caused by sudden changes in mains power or solar fluctuations. The lithium battery bank uses a series-parallel structure of lithium iron phosphate cells to provide medium- to long-term energy reserves to maintain continuous power supply at night or during cloudy or rainy weather. Through the complementary design of short-term high-power and long-term medium-power energy storage, both transient fluctuation problems are solved and long-term power supply needs are guaranteed, improving the robustness of the power supply module.

[0062] In this embodiment, the mains power supply mode of the power supply module includes power grid quality monitoring and adaptive filtering functions. The power grid quality monitoring module collects the voltage amplitude, frequency, and harmonic distortion rate of the mains input in real time through voltage transformers and current transformers, and uploads the data to the energy management controller. The adaptive filtering function dynamically compensates for reactive power and harmonic current through an active power filter, for example, by using a space vector pulse width modulation control strategy to generate compensation current, reducing the harmonic distortion rate to below the set harmonic distortion rate. Through the synergy of hardware monitoring and software control, voltage drops, frequency shifts, and harmonic interference in the mains power are eliminated, ensuring that the sensitive electronic components of the main controller and intelligent charging module are protected from power grid fluctuations, thereby improving the reliability of the mains power supply mode.

[0063] In this embodiment, the solar power supply module integrates intelligent shading compensation and temperature correction mechanisms. Intelligent shading compensation uses independent MPPT controllers for multiple photovoltaic modules (e.g., each module has an independent DC-DC Boost circuit). When some photovoltaic modules experience a decrease in output due to shading, only the MPPT parameters of the affected string are adjusted, avoiding overall efficiency loss. The temperature correction mechanism uses NTC thermistors installed on the back of the photovoltaic modules to collect module temperature in real time and correct the MPPT target point, for example, by dynamically adjusting the reference voltage based on the temperature coefficient. For instance, when the photovoltaic module temperature rises from 25°C to 65°C, the MPPT controller automatically adjusts the maximum power point voltage from 35V to 30V. Through the dual optimization of cascaded MPPT and temperature sensing, maximum efficiency of solar power supply is maintained even under complex lighting and environmental conditions, improving energy utilization.

[0064] Thus, the centralized intelligent charging cabinet also includes a power supply module, which is electrically connected to the main controller and the intelligent charging modules. This module provides the necessary power for the main controller and each intelligent charging module, ensuring the unified control of the charging process by the main controller and the normal operation of the charging modules. Simultaneously, the power supply module supports both mains power and solar power, allowing the centralized intelligent charging cabinet to obtain power from the mains when available, and from solar power when sunlight conditions are suitable. This increases the power acquisition methods and flexibility of the centralized intelligent charging cabinet, reduces dependence on a single power supply mode, and lowers the risk of charging failure due to a malfunction or interruption of a single power supply mode. This helps ensure the continuity of the charging process for multiple intelligent batteries. Optionally, the quick-release interface 17 is a preset specification structure that matches the quick-release electrical interface 11 of the smart battery 18 body.

[0065] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the preset specification structure refers to an electrical interface that conforms to the industrial standard definition, including but not limited to physical size standards or electrical parameter standards. The physical size standards specify the contact spacing, insertion guide slot position and housing contour tolerance, while the electrical parameter standards specify the rated voltage range, current carrying capacity and signal protocol.

[0066] In the embodiments disclosed herein, "matching" refers to the complementary compatibility of the physical form and electrical function of the bidirectional interface, including but not limited to male and female plug-in structures or magnetic polarity corresponding designs. The male and female plug-in structure achieves foolproof docking through the geometric complementarity of protrusions and grooves, while the magnetic polarity corresponding design defines the adsorption direction through an N / S pole array.

[0067] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the preset specification structure includes a separate contact layout and an anti-misinsertion mechanism. The separate contact layout includes a physically isolated arrangement of power contact groups and signal contact groups. The anti-misinsertion mechanism uses asymmetrical keyways or color-coded markings.

[0068] In this way, the preset specifications ensure the structural compatibility between the quick-release docking interface 17 and the quick-release electrical interface 11 of the smart battery 18 body. When the smart battery 18 body is placed in the independent charging compartment 19, the quick-release docking interface 17 can smoothly dock with the quick-release electrical interface 11 of the smart battery 18 body, reducing docking difficulties or inability to dock due to specification mismatch. At the same time, combined with the quick-plug and quick-remove characteristics of the quick-release electrical interface 11, the convenience and efficiency of connecting the smart battery 18 body to the centralized smart charging cabinet can be further improved, reducing the tediousness of manual docking operations and the risk of misoperation.

[0069] Optionally, the quick-release interface 17 includes power contacts and signal contacts. The power contacts are electrically connected to the power output of the smart charging module. The signal contacts are electrically connected to the communication components of the battery management system.

[0070] In this embodiment, the power contacts are current-transmitting conductors, including but not limited to elastic pin contacts or magnetic contact pieces. The elastic pin contacts maintain low contact resistance through spring pressure, while the magnetic contact pieces achieve self-alignment through permanent magnet attraction. The power contacts are directly connected to the power output terminal of the intelligent charging module via a copper core cable with a cross-sectional area ≥1.5mm² to support high current transmission.

[0071] In this embodiment, the signal contacts are data communication conductors, including but not limited to differential signal pair contacts or single-ended signal contacts. The differential signal pair contacts suppress common-mode interference through a twisted-pair layout, while the single-ended signal contacts isolate electromagnetic noise through a shielding layer. The signal contacts are connected to the battery management system communication components via shielded twisted-pair cables, and the communication protocol is compatible with Modbus RTU or CAN 2.0B standards.

[0072] In this way, because the quick-release interface 17 is equipped with both power contacts and signal contacts, with the power contacts electrically connected to the power output terminal of the smart charging module to form a power supply path, and the signal contacts electrically connected to the battery management system communication component to form a data path, this interface simultaneously establishes a dual channel for energy transmission and information exchange during physical connection. Through the contact separation design, the power contacts are dedicated to delivering charging current to the smart battery 18 body, ensuring the stability of high-current transmission. The signal contacts independently transmit communication signals between the battery management system communication component and the battery management system of the smart battery 18 body, avoiding data distortion caused by current interference. This dual-channel parallel mechanism allows the charging energy supply and battery identification and status monitoring functions to be activated simultaneously after the smart battery 18 body is inserted into the independent charging compartment 19. This simplifies the operation process and provides real-time data support for the subsequent precise charging control by the main controller, thereby improving the safety and intelligence level of the charging process.

[0073] Optionally, at least one smart charging module further includes a voltage acquisition component and / or a current acquisition component. The voltage acquisition component is electrically connected to the main controller. The voltage acquisition component is used to acquire voltage information during the charging process. The current acquisition component is also electrically connected to the main controller. The current acquisition component is used to acquire current information during the charging process.

[0074] In this embodiment, the voltage acquisition component is an electronic part used to acquire voltage parameters in the charging circuit, and can be implemented through various circuit structures, such as a resistor voltage divider network or a Hall voltage sensor. The resistor voltage divider network consists of high-precision resistors connected in series, proportionally converting high-voltage signals into low-voltage signals; the Hall voltage sensor achieves non-contact voltage measurement through electromagnetic induction, avoiding interference from direct connection to the main circuit.

[0075] In this embodiment, the current acquisition component is an electronic component used to acquire current parameters in the charging circuit. Different sensing methods can be employed, such as a shunt resistor or a Hall current sensor. The shunt resistor is a low-resistance, high-precision resistor; the current magnitude is calculated by detecting the voltage drop across it. The Hall current sensor converts the magnetic field strength generated by the current into a corresponding current signal, making it suitable for high-current scenarios.

[0076] In this embodiment, the collaborative calibration mechanism between the voltage and current acquisition components is dynamically compensated through a software algorithm of the main controller. The main controller performs consistency verification on the acquired data using a preset voltage and current cross-validation model, eliminating errors caused by sensor drift or environmental temperature drift.

[0077] Thus, by adding a voltage acquisition component and / or a current acquisition component to at least one intelligent charging module, both of which are electrically connected to the main controller, the intelligent charging module possesses the ability to capture key electrical parameters of the charging process in real time. The voltage acquisition component directly monitors the input voltage changes of the intelligent battery 18, while the current acquisition component synchronously tracks the actual charging current value. The data collected by both components is transmitted to the main controller in real time through electrical connections. By continuously acquiring voltage and current information, the main controller can accurately grasp the energy transfer status within each independent charging compartment 19, providing a quantitative basis for dynamically adjusting charging parameters. This avoids the risk of battery damage or thermal runaway caused by overvoltage or overcurrent, improving the safety and control accuracy of the charging process.

[0078] Optionally, the centralized smart charging cabinet also includes a temperature sensor. The temperature sensor is installed in each individual charging compartment 19 and is electrically connected to the main controller.

[0079] In this embodiment, a temperature sensor is installed in each independent charging compartment 19 and electrically connected to the main controller, which can detect the temperature inside the compartment in real time and transmit the information to the main controller, so as to facilitate timely detection of temperature abnormalities.

[0080] In this embodiment, the temperature sensor is a thermal environment sensing device inside the chamber, and the installation location includes, but is not limited to, the wall surface of the battery contact area or a key node of the airflow channel. The wall surface of the battery contact area is bonded to the outer shell of the smart battery 18 with thermally conductive silicone, and the key node of the airflow channel is fixed upstream of the air outlet of the cooling fan.

[0081] In this embodiment, the data acquisition frequency of the temperature sensor is dynamically configured according to the application scenario, including a basic mode, a monitoring mode, and an emergency mode. In the basic mode, the main controller acquires temperature data once per second for routine status recording. In the monitoring mode, when the detected temperature change rate exceeds a preset threshold (e.g., ΔT ≥ 2℃ / min), it automatically switches to 10Hz high-frequency acquisition to continuously monitor thermal trends. In the emergency mode, when the temperature exceeds a safety threshold (e.g., ≥ 80℃), it triggers 100Hz instantaneous sampling, using a moving average algorithm (window length = 5) to eliminate transient noise. For example, the basic mode is used for status tracking during daily charging, the monitoring mode is used to identify the risk of slow temperature rise, and the emergency mode is used to capture sudden thermal runaway events. By optimizing data acquisition efficiency through a multi-level frequency strategy, system power consumption is reduced while ensuring real-time performance, providing time-sensitive data support for the main controller's graded response to thermal risks.

[0082] In this way, since temperature sensors are installed inside each independent charging compartment 19 and electrically connected to the main controller, the main controller can acquire real-time ambient temperature data within each independent charging compartment 19. The temperature sensors continuously monitor the internal thermal environment of each independent charging compartment 19 and transmit the collected temperature information to the main controller via electrical connection. By monitoring the temperature changes of each independent charging compartment 19 in real time, the main controller can promptly identify abnormal temperature conditions (such as localized overheating), providing direct evidence for triggering temperature-related safety strategies. Through this physical space-based temperature monitoring mechanism, the system can proactively intervene before the risk of thermal runaway occurs, thereby reducing the probability of safety accidents caused by temperature anomalies and enhancing the safety protection capabilities of the centralized intelligent charging cabinet.

[0083] Optionally, the temperature sensor includes a first temperature sensor and a second temperature sensor. The first temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of the smart battery 18 body, and the second temperature sensor is used to detect the ambient temperature of the independent charging compartment 19.

[0084] Thus, the temperature sensor system includes a first temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the smart battery 18 itself and a second temperature sensor for detecting the ambient temperature of the independent charging compartment 19, achieving dual monitoring of both the heat source and the thermal diffusion environment. The first temperature sensor is directly attached to or installed near the smart battery 18, accurately capturing the temperature rise data of the battery itself during charging and discharging. The second temperature sensor is deployed in other locations within the independent charging compartment 19, simultaneously sensing changes in the air temperature inside the compartment. The differentiated temperature information collected by both sensors is transmitted to the main controller in real time via electrical connection, enabling the main controller to distinguish between the heat generated by the smart battery 18 itself and the overall thermal environment state of the independent charging compartment 19. By simultaneously monitoring the core heat source temperature and the ambient temperature, the main controller can more comprehensively assess the risk of thermal runaway (e.g., identifying battery overheating or abnormal environmental heat dissipation), providing more accurate data support for differentiated temperature protection strategies, thereby improving the targeting of thermal safety management measures.

[0085] Optionally, the smart charging module also includes a core component temperature detection unit. This core component temperature detection unit is electrically connected to the main controller. It is used to detect the temperature of the transformer and power transistors inside the smart charging module.

[0086] In this embodiment, each independent charging compartment 19 is equipped with a temperature sensor and a core component temperature detection unit. The temperature sensor includes a first temperature sensor and a second temperature sensor. The first temperature sensor uses an NTC thermistor or an infrared temperature sensor and communicates with the main controller via an I²C bus. The second temperature sensor uses a PT100 platinum resistance thermometer and connects to the main controller via an analog signal input interface. The core component temperature detection unit is integrated into the intelligent charging module. It monitors the temperature of the transformer and power transistors through a thermistor network and feeds back to the main controller via a PWM signal. The temperature sensor includes an abnormal response mechanism, which includes a graded warning and linkage control strategy. The graded warning is implemented by dividing the threshold range: a first-level warning (temperature ≥ first temperature threshold) triggers the local indicator light 15 to flash; a second-level warning (temperature ≥ second temperature threshold) sends an alarm code to the centralized management module; and a third-level warning (temperature ≥ third temperature threshold) triggers power-off protection and activates the fire extinguisher. The first temperature threshold is less than the second temperature threshold, which is less than the third temperature threshold. The coordinated control strategy includes: when the first temperature sensor detects that the battery body temperature is ≥ the fourth temperature threshold, the main controller reduces the output power of the corresponding smart charging module to a preset ratio of the rated value; when the second temperature sensor detects that the ambient temperature inside the charging compartment is ≥ the fifth temperature threshold, the main controller starts the cooling fan and restricts the insertion of new batteries; when the core component temperature detection unit detects that the power transistor temperature is ≥ the sixth temperature threshold, the main controller cuts off the power supply to the charging compartment and records a fault log; wherein, the first temperature threshold is less than the fourth temperature threshold, less than the fifth temperature threshold, less than the second temperature threshold, less than the third temperature threshold, and less than the sixth temperature threshold. Through the coordinated design of hierarchical early warning and device linkage, a progressive thermal management from early warning to active protection is achieved, which avoids resource waste caused by over-response and ensures rapid response in thermal risk scenarios, thereby improving the overall safety of the system.

[0087] In this way, the intelligent charging module adds a core component temperature detection unit electrically connected to the main controller. This unit directly monitors the operating temperature of the transformer and power transistors inside the intelligent charging module, enabling the main controller to obtain real-time thermal status data of the core components. The core component temperature detection unit performs point-to-point temperature collection on high-heat-generating components (transformer and power transistors) and transmits the data to the main controller via electrical connection. By continuously monitoring the temperature changes of the core components, the main controller can promptly detect overheating risks within the intelligent charging module itself (such as abnormal heat dissipation of the power transistors), providing device-level temperature data for proactively adjusting charging strategies or triggering protection mechanisms. By setting up an independent monitoring mechanism for key heat sources inside the charging module, the limitations of only monitoring battery temperature or ambient temperature are overcome. This prevents malfunctions or safety hazards caused by component overheating from the perspective of the charging equipment itself, thereby improving the overall operational reliability of the centralized intelligent charging cabinet.

[0088] Optionally, the cabinet may be made of metal or flame-retardant engineering plastic. The number of individual charging compartments 19 is 4-12, and the size of each individual charging compartment 19 is adapted to the size of the smart battery 18.

[0089] In this way, by using metal or flame-retardant engineering plastics for the cabinet, the fire resistance of the centralized smart charging cabinet is improved from a physical perspective. Metal has a high melting point, which can slow the spread of fire, while flame-retardant engineering plastics inhibit combustion through their self-flame-retardant properties. Both reduce the risk of ignition of the cabinet in the event of battery thermal runaway. Meanwhile, the number of multiple independent charging compartments 19 is limited to 4 to 12. This parameter range balances the conflict between centralized charging scale and heat dissipation efficiency, avoiding heat accumulation due to too many compartments. The dimensions of each independent charging compartment 19 are precisely adapted to the smart battery 18, limiting the battery's displacement space within the compartment to ensure the connection stability of the quick-release interface 17, while also creating a compact layout to optimize cabinet space utilization. Through the coordinated design of material fire resistance and structural parameters, centralized charging of multiple batteries can be achieved within a limited space, while providing basic guarantees for thermal management and mechanical protection, thereby enhancing the overall safety of the system.

[0090] In some embodiments, the charging method is applied to the aforementioned centralized charging cabinet. The method includes: docking the smart battery 18 to be charged with any independent charging compartment 19 of the centralized smart charging cabinet, establishing a connection between the electrical interface of the smart battery 18 and the quick-release docking interface 17 of the independent charging compartment 19; controlling the smart charging module corresponding to the independent charging compartment 19 to detect its own and the initial state of the smart battery 18, and sending a ready signal to the main controller after completing the self-test; establishing data communication between the smart charging module and the battery management system of the smart battery 18 through the battery management system communication component, obtaining the identity information and status parameters of the smart battery 18, and transmitting them to the main controller; and controlling the smart charging module to start a preset charging strategy for charging based on the received identity information and status parameters, and dynamically adjusting the charging parameters based on real-time collected status data.

[0091] Thus, since this charging method is implemented based on the hardware structure of a centralized intelligent charging cabinet, it establishes a connection between the intelligent battery 18 and the quick-release interface 17 of any independent charging compartment 19. Utilizing the standardized and foolproof characteristics of the quick-release interface 17, it achieves rapid and reliable physical connection, eliminating the risks of manual wiring operations. The intelligent charging module performs self-checks on its own and the intelligent battery 18's initial state and sends a ready signal to the main controller, ensuring the basic safety of the device and battery before charging begins. Furthermore, it establishes communication with the battery management system of the intelligent battery 18 through the battery management system communication component. The main controller synchronously acquires battery identity information and real-time status parameters, providing individualized data support for the charging strategy. Finally, the main controller matches the preset charging strategy based on the identity information and dynamically adjusts the charging parameters based on the real-time collected multi-dimensional status data, forming a closed-loop control mechanism. Through hardware collaboration and data-driven adaptive regulation, the automation level of the charging process is improved while achieving refined charging management for different battery states, thus balancing charging efficiency and safety risk control.

[0092] Optionally, the intelligent charging module corresponding to the independent charging compartment 19 is controlled to detect the initial state of itself and the intelligent battery 18, including: controlling the intelligent charging module corresponding to the independent charging compartment 19 to read the input voltage of the intelligent battery 18 and the temperature of its own core components.

[0093] Thus, by limiting the self-test step to reading the input voltage of the smart battery 18 and the temperature of the core components of the smart charging module, a dual safety verification mechanism is formed. By acquiring the input voltage value of the smart battery 18, it is possible to immediately determine whether the battery is in an abnormal state such as undervoltage or overvoltage, avoiding forced charging of abnormal batteries. Simultaneously detecting the temperature of the core components of the smart charging module (such as transformers and power transistors) can identify potential overheating hazards within the charging module itself. These two key parameters are collected by the smart charging module and integrated into the self-test process, providing the main controller with basic equipment and battery status data before charging begins. Through early identification of voltage anomalies and component overheating, the system can eliminate potential risk sources in the initial stage of charging, reducing the probability of safety accidents caused by abnormal battery status or charging module malfunctions, thereby strengthening the safety baseline of the charging process.

[0094] Optionally, the identity information includes a unique battery identifier for the smart battery 18 itself.

[0095] In this way, because the identity information contains a unique battery identifier for the smart battery 18, the main controller can accurately identify each individual smart battery 18 connected to the independent charging compartment 19 through the battery management system communication component. The unique battery identifier serves as a unique credential for battery identity and is bound to the charging records stored in the centralized management module. By acquiring this identifier, the main controller can instantly retrieve the historical charging data (such as cycle count, abnormal records, etc.) of the smart battery 18, providing an individualized basis for selecting the current charging strategy. Simultaneously, the automatic acquisition of the identifier eliminates the manual recording step, ensuring an accurate correspondence between charging records and the actual battery. Through this individualized identification mechanism based on unique identifiers, confusion of charging records from different smart batteries 18 is avoided, and a data foundation is provided for differentiated charging management and safety traceability, thereby improving the controllability and management accuracy of the charging process.

[0096] Optionally, the status parameters include the voltage, temperature, and / or charge of the smart battery 18 itself.

[0097] In this way, since the status parameters include key operational data such as the voltage, temperature, and / or charge of the smart battery 18, they can provide the main controller with multi-dimensional real-time battery status information. By acquiring the voltage value of the smart battery 18 through the battery management system communication component, the current energy input demand and overvoltage / undervoltage risks of the battery can be accurately determined. Temperature data directly reflects the thermal stability of the battery during charging and discharging. The charge parameter clearly indicates the remaining energy level of the battery. These three types of parameters are transmitted to the main controller in real time via electrical connection, forming the core monitoring indicators of the charging process. Voltage anomalies can trigger current regulation, temperature increases can activate heat dissipation or power reduction mechanisms, and the charge level determines the charging mode selection (such as fast charging or slow charging). The synchronous acquisition of multi-dimensional parameters enables the main controller to build a more complete battery status profile, providing a more comprehensive decision-making basis for dynamically adjusting charging parameters, thereby improving the adaptability of charging strategies and enhancing the ability to identify risk factors such as overcharging and overheating.

[0098] Optionally, the real-time acquired status data includes the temperature and voltage of the smart battery 18 and / or the temperature of the core components of the smart charging module. The acquisition frequency is at least once per second.

[0099] In this way, because the real-time collected status data includes the temperature and voltage of the smart battery 18 and the temperature of the core components of the smart charging module, and the collection frequency is set to at least once per second, a dynamic risk early warning system is constructed through high-frequency multi-source data synchronous monitoring. The temperature and voltage data of the smart battery 18 directly reflect the electrochemical state and thermal stability of the battery during the charging and discharging process, while the temperature of the core components of the smart charging module characterizes the workload of the charging equipment itself. The collection frequency of at least once per second ensures that the main controller can capture instantaneous changes in parameters (such as a sudden drop in voltage or a sharp rise in temperature), providing a time-sensitive decision-making basis for the dynamic adjustment of charging parameters. By simultaneously covering the high-frequency monitoring of the battery status and the charging module operating status, the main controller can establish a more accurate real-time risk model. Abnormal battery temperature triggers the adjustment of heat dissipation strategy, voltage fluctuation triggers the optimization of current output, and overheating of core components activates module-level protection, thereby achieving rapid response of multi-dimensional safety protection throughout the entire charging cycle and improving the system's adaptability to sudden abnormal operating conditions.

[0100] Optionally, the preset charging strategy includes selecting different charging power output modes based on the state of charge and temperature of the smart battery 18 and / or the device temperature of the smart charging module, and executing them sequentially according to priority.

[0101] In this way, because the preset charging strategy dynamically selects the charging power output mode based on multiple parameters such as the state of charge and temperature of the smart battery 18 and the temperature of the core components of the smart charging module, and executes them according to preset priorities, a hierarchical response mechanism can be formed. When abnormal temperature-related safety parameters are detected (such as excessive battery temperature or core component temperature), the high-priority power reduction or charging stop mode immediately overrides the original charging logic to ensure timely safety protection. When safety parameters are normal, efficiency-oriented modes such as fast charging or slow charging are selected according to the state of charge. Through the dual constraints of parameter type and priority, the main controller can achieve a dynamic balance between charging efficiency and safety management. It can maximize charging speed in low-risk conditions and actively degrade operation when risks first appear, thus balancing the efficiency and reliability of the charging process under complex operating conditions.

[0102] Optionally, the charging power output mode includes a fast charging mode. When the power of the smart battery 18 is lower than a preset power threshold, the current is output at a preset ratio of the maximum charging current of the smart battery 18. The fast charging mode has a low priority.

[0103] In this way, since the fast charging mode is activated when the power level of the smart battery 18 is lower than a preset power threshold, and outputs current at a preset ratio (e.g., 90%) of the maximum charging current of the smart battery 18, it provides accelerated charging capability for low-power batteries, directly shortening the basic charging time. Simultaneously, its low priority setting means that this mode actively yields to safety strategies. When the main controller detects abnormal temperature-related safety parameters, it can immediately interrupt fast charging and execute a high-priority strategy. Through this dual mechanism of power threshold-triggered accelerated charging and low-priority safety-first approach, the system meets the efficient energy replenishment needs in low-power states while ensuring that safety monitoring parameters have the power to enforce intervention in the charging logic, thereby improving charging efficiency while maintaining the system's safety and fault tolerance capabilities.

[0104] Optionally, the charging power output mode includes a power reduction mode. When the temperature of the smart battery 18 body and / or the core device temperature of the smart charging module are detected to reach the first warning threshold, the output current is reduced to a preset multiple of the rated value, and the heat dissipation mechanism is activated. The power reduction mode has a high priority.

[0105] Thus, the charging power output mode includes a power reduction mode. When the temperature of the smart battery 18 and / or the core components of the smart charging module reaches the first warning threshold, it indicates that the temperature is approaching a range that may cause abnormalities, posing a certain safety risk. In power reduction mode, the output current is reduced to a preset multiple of the rated value, which reduces energy input during charging, thereby reducing heat generation and preventing further temperature increases. Simultaneously, the heat dissipation mechanism actively dissipates the generated heat, helping to lower the temperature of the smart battery 18 and the core components of the smart charging module. Furthermore, the power reduction mode has high priority, ensuring that it is executed first under these temperature conditions, responding promptly to temperature anomalies and reducing the risk of damage to the smart battery 18 or malfunction of the smart charging module due to continuously rising temperatures.

[0106] Optionally, the charging power output mode includes a stop charging mode. When the temperature of the smart battery 18 body or the core component temperature of the smart charging module is detected to reach the second warning threshold, the output current is stopped and forced heat dissipation is started. The stop charging mode has the highest priority.

[0107] Thus, the charging power output modes include a stop-charging mode. When the temperature of the smart battery 18 or the core components of the smart charging module reaches the second warning threshold, it indicates that the temperature is already at a high level, posing a significant safety hazard. Stopping the output current cuts off the energy input during charging, preventing continuous heat generation and further temperature increases. Simultaneously, activating forced cooling enhances heat dissipation, helping to lower the temperature of the smart battery 18 and the core components of the smart charging module. The stop-charging mode has the highest priority, ensuring it is executed first under these temperature conditions without interference from other charging modes. This ensures timely and effective cooling and power-off measures are taken, reducing the risk of damage to the smart battery 18, smart charging module malfunction, or even fire caused by excessively high temperatures.

[0108] In practical applications, such as Figure 3 As shown, the main controller of the charging cabinet establishes connections with the network communication module and at least one intelligent charging module. Each intelligent charging module establishes connections with the intelligent battery 18, temperature sensor, compartment door sensor, single-compartment fire extinguisher, voltage acquisition component, and current acquisition component. The intelligent charging module is electrically connected to the intelligent battery 18 through the quick-release interface 17; it acquires temperature information inside the charging compartment and compartment door opening / closing status information through the temperature sensor and compartment door sensor; it is connected to the single-compartment fire extinguisher through a control circuit to execute fire extinguishing actions in response to trigger commands; and it is connected to the voltage acquisition component and current acquisition component through signal transmission lines to receive detection data of charging voltage and charging current, realizing real-time monitoring and dynamic control of multiple parameters during the charging process.

[0109] In practical applications, when the charge level of the smart battery 18 is lower than a preset charge threshold, a high-current fast charging mode is triggered. In this mode, the smart charging module outputs a current value equal to a first proportion (e.g., 90%) of the maximum charging current of the smart battery 18, and simultaneously activates the basic fan speed setting of the cooling fan. The execution priority of the high-current fast charging mode is low, allowing it to be interrupted by higher-priority charging strategies. When the cell temperature of the smart battery 18 is detected to be higher than a first cell temperature threshold, and / or the temperature of the core components (transformer and / or power transistor) of the smart charging module is higher than a first core component temperature threshold, a half-power mode is triggered. In this mode, the output current value of the smart charging module is adjusted to a second proportion (e.g., 50%) of the rated current, and simultaneously activates the high-speed fan speed setting of the cooling fan. The execution priority of the half-power mode is high, allowing it to interrupt lower-priority charging strategies. The first proportion is greater than the second proportion. When the temperature of the cell in the smart battery 18 exceeds the second cell temperature threshold, or the temperature of the core component of the smart charging module exceeds the second core component temperature threshold, a high-temperature mode is triggered. In this mode, the smart charging module immediately stops current output and simultaneously activates the high-speed fan of the cooling fan. The high-temperature mode has the highest execution priority, forcibly interrupting all other charging strategies. Specifically, the first cell temperature threshold is lower than the second cell temperature threshold, and the first core component temperature threshold is lower than the second core component temperature threshold. When the real-time voltage of the smart battery 18 reaches the first voltage threshold (e.g., 85% of the rated voltage), a slow-charging mode is triggered. In this mode, the output power of the smart charging module is adjusted to a third percentage (e.g., 10%) of the rated power, and charging continues until the real-time voltage reaches the second voltage threshold (e.g., 95% of the rated voltage), at which point output stops. The slow-charging mode has a medium execution priority and can only be interrupted by high-priority strategies. When the door sensor detects that the door of the independent charging compartment 19 is open, an abnormal termination mode is triggered. In this mode, the intelligent charging module immediately stops current output and sends an alarm signal containing the compartment number to the main controller. The execution priority of the abnormal termination mode is the highest level, and it is executed immediately without conditions. When the temperature of the intelligent battery 18 is greater than a first temperature (e.g., 80°C), and / or the ambient temperature of the independent charging compartment 19 is greater than a second temperature (e.g., 90°C), a fire extinguishing mode is triggered. The first temperature is less than the second temperature. In this mode, a three-level linkage operation is performed, including: the intelligent charging module stops current output; and / or the main controller cuts off the main power switch of the charging cabinet and unlocks the electromagnetic door locks of all independent charging compartments 19; and / or triggers the single compartment fire extinguisher to release the extinguishing agent, while simultaneously activating the audible and visual alarm.

[0110] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, this embodiment of the disclosure provides a smart battery 18, including a protective casing 10, a high-energy-density battery cell, a battery management system, and a quick-release electrical interface 11. The high-energy-density battery cell is encapsulated within the protective casing 10. The battery management system includes an identification module 20 storing a unique battery identifier. The battery management system is integrated within the protective casing 10 and electrically connected to the high-energy-density battery cell. The unique battery identifier is used to identify the smart battery 18 and / or trace its charging history data. The quick-release electrical interface 11 is located on the outer wall of the protective casing 10 and is electrically connected to the battery management system.

[0111] Optionally, the high-energy-density battery cell is a lithium iron phosphate battery cell.

[0112] In this embodiment, the high-energy-density battery cell can be selected from lithium iron phosphate batteries, lithium polymer batteries, or ternary lithium batteries. Lithium iron phosphate batteries feature long cycle life and excellent thermal stability, making them suitable for frequent charge-discharge scenarios; lithium polymer batteries offer higher energy density and lighter weight, making them suitable for applications sensitive to size and weight. The battery cell is fixed inside the protective casing 10 using encapsulation processes (such as thermoforming or potting compound sealing) to ensure isolation from the external environment. Simultaneously, it is electrically connected to the battery management system via electrical connectors to achieve coordinated energy transfer and status monitoring.

[0113] Optionally, the protective enclosure 10 has a protection rating greater than or equal to IP65.

[0114] In this embodiment, the extended design of the protective housing 10 to adapt to different application scenarios includes: in high salt spray environments, the protective housing 10 is made of 316 stainless steel, and fluororubber sealing rings are added at the seams to resist chloride ion corrosion; in extreme low temperature scenarios (-40℃ to -20℃), the inner wall of the protective housing 10 is coated with polytetrafluoroethylene to prevent condensation buildup and sealing failure. Furthermore, for frequently plugged-in quick-release interfaces, the protective housing 10 is designed with a double-layer structure: an outer layer of impact-resistant ABS resin and an inner layer of conductive polycarbonate, reducing the impact of external interference on sealing performance through electromagnetic shielding. Through material properties and structural optimization, the above extended design enables the protective housing 10 to maintain a protection level of ≥IP65 under diverse environmental conditions, improving the adaptability and reliability of the smart battery 18.

[0115] Optionally, the quick-release electrical interface 11 is a pre-defined quick-plug power and signal integrated interface.

[0116] Optionally, the quick-release electrical interface 11 is located on the bottom or side outer wall of the protective housing 10.

[0117] Optionally, the quick-release electrical interface 11 is provided with a foolproof structure to prevent reverse connection of the interface.

[0118] In this embodiment, the foolproof structure includes a physically asymmetrical design element to prevent reverse connection of the interface through a forced unique matching mechanism, avoiding electrical connection accidents caused by misoperation. Examples include an asymmetrical protrusion and groove mating structure or a keyway-type guide locking structure. This foolproof structure design ensures that the interface can only be plugged in the correct direction, eliminating the risk of reverse force insertion.

[0119] Optionally, the foolproof structure is an asymmetrical structure consisting of protrusions and grooves.

[0120] Optionally, the battery management system also includes a state detection module 14. The state detection module 14 is electrically connected to the high-energy-density battery cell and is used to collect voltage, temperature and / or charge information of the high-energy-density battery cell.

[0121] In this embodiment, the state detection module 14 is a detection module for monitoring the operating state of high-energy-density battery cells. Its implementation includes, but is not limited to, sensor combination modules and integrated detection chips. The sensor combination module may consist of a voltage acquisition unit, a temperature acquisition unit, and a power acquisition unit. The integrated detection chip can achieve simultaneous detection of multiple parameters through built-in circuitry. Specifically, the voltage acquisition unit uses a voltage divider circuit (such as a resistor voltage divider network) or a Hall effect sensor to achieve non-contact voltage monitoring; the temperature acquisition unit can be selected from an NTC thermistor, a PT100 platinum resistance thermometer, or an infrared temperature sensor; the power acquisition unit performs real-time estimation based on a coulomb counting algorithm combined with an open-circuit voltage compensation model.

[0122] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the state detection module 14 is used to collect information on high-energy-density battery cells, including but not limited to voltage information, temperature information, and power information; wherein, voltage information may include the voltage of the individual cell and the total battery voltage, temperature information may include the internal temperature of the cell and the surface temperature of the battery, and power information is the remaining power obtained by current integration method or voltage estimation method.

[0123] Optionally, the quick-release electrical interface 11 includes a power contact group and a signal contact group. The power contact group is electrically connected to the high-energy-density battery cell. The signal contact group is electrically connected to the status detection module 14 for transmitting the acquired information.

[0124] In this embodiment, the quick-release electrical interface 11 includes a physically isolated transmission channel. The physically isolated transmission channel consists of a power contact group and a signal contact group forming an independent transmission path. The power contact group establishes a direct current path between the high-energy-density battery cell and the external device. The signal contact group is connected to the status detection module 14 to realize monitoring data communication. The physically isolated transmission channel avoids power interference with data signals through a physical contact separation mechanism. The power contact group and the signal contact group are, for example, spring probe contact arrays or magnetic contact modules. The spring probe contact array uses elastic pressure to conduct and realize high current transmission, and the magnetic contact module completes automatic adsorption connection through magnetic contact.

[0125] Optionally, the identification module 20 includes a storage unit in which a unique battery identifier is stored. The graphic code corresponding to the unique battery identifier is printed on the outer wall of the protective housing 10 for scanning identification.

[0126] In this embodiment, the unique battery identifier supports reading or scanning charging information via a communication cable. The graphic code corresponding to the unique battery identifier is printed on the outer wall of the protective housing 10. The printing process for the graphic code includes laser engraving or screen printing. Laser engraving uses a high-precision CO2 laser to etch a graphic mark with a depth ≤0.1mm onto the surface of the protective housing 10 (such as polycarbonate or stainless steel), forming a permanent optically readable code (such as a QR code or barcode). Screen printing uses an ink transfer process to print a high-contrast graphic mark on the outer wall of the protective housing 10. The ink material is selected from weather-resistant acrylic resin or UV-cured ink to ensure the clarity and durability of the graphic code in outdoor environments.

[0127] Optionally, the protective housing 10 is made of weather-resistant metal or engineering plastic. The inner wall of the protective housing 10 is provided with a buffer layer to protect the high-energy-density battery cells.

[0128] In this embodiment, the inner wall buffer layer of the protective shell 10 is fixed by adhesive or embedding using an elastic material (such as silicone, polyurethane, or thermoplastic elastomer TPE). The thickness of the buffer layer is within a preset range, and the density is controlled within a preset range to balance energy absorption capacity and space occupancy.

[0129] Optionally, the insertion and extraction force of the quick-release electrical interface 11 ranges from 50N to 150N. The communication cable establishes a connection with the external device through the signal contact group of the quick-release electrical interface 11.

[0130] This disclosure also provides a transportation device, which includes a main body of a mobile trailer display device, the aforementioned smart battery 18, and a device controller. The main body of the mobile trailer display device is provided with a power supply interface. The quick-release electrical interface 11 of the smart battery 18 body is matched and connected to the power supply interface. The device controller is disposed within the main body of the mobile trailer display device and communicates with the battery management system through the power supply interface.

[0131] Optionally, the structure of the power supply interface is adapted to the foolproof structure of the quick-release electrical interface 11. The position of the power supply interface corresponds to the position of the quick-release electrical interface 11.

[0132] In this embodiment, the structure of the power supply interface is adapted to the foolproof structure of the quick-release electrical interface 11, and the insertion direction is forcibly limited through the irreversible matching design of the physical form. The foolproof structure can be selected from the mating structure of asymmetrical protrusions and grooves or color-coded markings. The mating structure of asymmetrical protrusions and grooves achieves direction locking through the mechanical self-locking of a single-sided inclined surface and a limiting groove. The color-coded markings use red and blue to distinguish the positive and negative poles to form visual identification.

[0133] In this embodiment, the position of the power supply interface corresponds to the position of the quick-release electrical interface 11, achieving rapid alignment through a standardized positioning design. The standardized positioning design includes a vertical insertion / removal guide structure at the bottom of the protective housing 10 or an optimized horizontal operating view design on the side outer wall.

[0134] Optionally, the traffic equipment also includes a notification module. The notification module is disposed on the outer surface of the main body of the traffic mobile trailer display device and is electrically connected to the device controller. The notification module is used to issue a notification message when the power level of the smart battery 18 is lower than a preset threshold; the notification message includes a unique battery identifier.

[0135] In this embodiment, the electronic display device of the prompt module is a high-brightness LED screen or OLED screen, installed on the top or side wall of the main body of the mobile trailer display device. The electronic display device is electrically connected to the power contact group through the GPIO (General Purpose Input / Output) interface of the device controller, ensuring that when the power of the smart battery 18 is lower than a preset threshold, the device controller reads the data from the status detection module 14 of the battery management system through the power supply interface, triggering the electronic display device to light up and display a prompt message containing a unique battery identifier.

[0136] In this embodiment, the preset threshold is dynamically adjusted by the software algorithm of the device controller, and the threshold range is a preset proportion of the remaining battery power. The device controller receives the power data collected by the status detection module 14 in real time through the signal contact group of the power supply interface. When the power value is lower than the preset threshold, the prompt module is triggered.

[0137] In practical applications, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the smart battery 18 has a quick-release electrical interface 11 at the bottom and a handle 12 on the top surface for easy handling by management personnel. The top surface of the smart battery 18 also includes indicator lights 15 for prompting and / or alarming, a battery display screen 13 for displaying the status of the smart battery 18, an identification module 20, and a status detection module 14 embedded in the protective housing 10. The independent charging compartment 19 is size-compatible with the smart battery 18 and has through holes 16 for connecting with components related to heat dissipation and / or safety, such as cooling fans and / or fire extinguishers, to dissipate heat and / or extinguish fires in the smart battery 18.

[0138] The foregoing description and accompanying drawings fully illustrate embodiments of the present disclosure to enable those skilled in the art to practice them. Other embodiments may include structural and other changes. The embodiments represent only possible variations. Individual components and functions are optional unless explicitly required, and the order of operation may vary. Parts and features of some embodiments may be included or substituted for parts and features of other embodiments. Embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to the structures described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes may be made without departing from its scope. The scope of the present disclosure is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A centralized intelligent charging cabinet, characterized in that, include: The cabinet has multiple independent charging compartments inside; The main controller is installed inside the cabinet. Multiple smart charging modules are provided, each of which is installed in an independent charging compartment and is electrically connected to the main controller. A battery management system communication component is integrated into each of the aforementioned smart charging modules; A quick-release docking interface is located on the inner wall of each of the independent charging compartments and is electrically connected to the intelligent charging module.

2. The centralized intelligent charging cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A centralized management module is electrically connected to the main controller; wherein, the centralized management module supports centralized host computer management and is used to realize visual monitoring.

3. The centralized intelligent charging cabinet according to claim 2, characterized in that, The centralized host computer management includes web-based management and app-based management; and / or, The centralized management module is used to store the charging records of the smart battery body, and the charging records are associated with the unique battery identifier of the smart battery body.

4. The centralized intelligent charging cabinet according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, At least one of the independent charging cases includes: A door sensor is installed at the connection between the door and the body of the storage compartment and is electrically connected to the main controller; the door sensor is used to detect the open / closed state of the door.

5. The centralized intelligent charging cabinet according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, At least one of the independent charging cases also includes: A single-compartment fire extinguisher is fixed to the top of the independent charging compartment and electrically connected to the main controller; wherein, the single-compartment fire extinguisher is used to perform fire extinguishing action when the fire extinguishing conditions are met.

6. The centralized intelligent charging cabinet according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, Also includes: The power supply module is electrically connected to the main controller and the intelligent charging module; wherein, the power supply module supports both mains power supply and solar power supply modes.

7. The centralized intelligent charging cabinet according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The quick-release interface is a pre-defined specification structure that matches the quick-release electrical interface of the smart battery body.

8. The centralized intelligent charging cabinet according to claim 7, characterized in that, Quick-release connectors include: A power contact, which is electrically connected to the power output terminal of the intelligent charging module; The signal contact is electrically connected to the communication component of the battery management system.

9. The centralized intelligent charging cabinet according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, At least one of the smart charging modules further includes: A voltage acquisition component is electrically connected to the main controller; wherein the voltage acquisition component is used to acquire voltage information during the charging process; and / or, A current acquisition component is electrically connected to the main controller; wherein, the current acquisition component is used to acquire current information during the charging process.

10. A charging method, characterized in that, Applied to a centralized charging cabinet as described in any one of claims 1 to 9; the method includes: Connect the smart battery body to be charged to any one of the independent charging compartments of the centralized smart charging cabinet, so that the electrical interface of the smart battery body is connected to the quick-release interface of the independent charging compartment. The intelligent charging module corresponding to the independent charging compartment is controlled to detect the initial state of itself and the intelligent battery body, and after completing the self-test, it sends a ready signal back to the main controller. The battery management system communication component establishes data communication between the smart charging module and the battery management system of the smart battery body, obtains the identity information and status parameters of the smart battery body, and transmits them to the main controller. The main controller controls the smart charging module to start a preset charging strategy for charging based on the received identity information and status parameters, and dynamically adjusts the charging parameters based on the real-time collected status data.

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