Method for improving homogeneity of prebaked anode

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of prebaked anode roasting, in particular to a method for improving the homogeneity of a prebaked anode. The method comprises the following steps: mixing natural gas with hydrogen, and the proportion of the hydrogen is 9%; a mixed fuel of natural gas and hydrogen is used for roasting the prebaked anode; roasting to obtain a sintered prebaked anode; in the roasting process, the temperature in the furnace is controlled to be 1100-1200 DEG C; by doping 9% of hydrogen, the flame propagation speed of fuel and the uniformity of combustion temperature can be remarkably improved, heat distribution in a furnace is more reasonable, the local overheating or underburning phenomenon is reduced, and therefore the density uniformity and the overall quality of a prebaked anode are improved, hydrogen-doped natural gas is more sufficiently combusted, pollutant emission is lower, the heat efficiency can be improved, harmful gas emission is reduced, and the service life of the prebaked anode is prolonged. Meanwhile, carbon emission is reduced, and the industrial development direction of green manufacturing is met.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of pre-baked anode baking, in particular to a method for improving the homogeneity of pre-baked anodes. BACKGROUND

[0002] Pre-baked anodes are key materials in aluminum electrolysis production, and their quality directly affects the energy consumption, efficiency and carbon emissions of electrolytic aluminum. The common pre-baked anode baking process mainly uses pure natural gas as fuel to carbonize the green block through high-temperature heat treatment to form finished products with high mechanical strength and excellent electrical conductivity. Traditional natural gas combustion has problems such as insufficient temperature control precision and uneven heat distribution, which can cause defects such as uneven density, cracks and high CO2 reactivity in the baked anodes, affecting their service life and electrolysis efficiency. In addition, the carbon emissions from natural gas combustion also face increasingly strict environmental regulations.

[0003] In recent years, hydrogen (H2) as a clean energy has attracted widespread attention in the field of industrial combustion. Studies have shown that adding a certain proportion of hydrogen to natural gas can improve combustion characteristics, such as increasing flame propagation speed and reducing pollutant emissions. Some industries (such as power generation and steel heating furnaces) have tried to use hydrogen-doped natural gas (HCNG) as a substitute fuel. However, related research has mainly focused on improving thermal efficiency and reducing emissions. In addition, the high activity of hydrogen can lead to unstable combustion, and excessive hydrogen doping can cause backfiring and local overheating. Therefore, how to optimize the hydrogen doping ratio to both take advantage of hydrogen and meet the process requirements of pre-baked anode baking is still a technical problem to be solved.

[0004] A technical method for using natural gas and hydrogen mixed fuel for aluminum electrolysis anode baking and a mixer (publication number CN119779048A) discloses a method for using hydrogen-doped natural gas for pre-baked anode baking. The disclosed hydrogen doping ratio is 5-20%, and the preferred ratio is 12% in the specific examples. However, experiments have shown that a hydrogen doping ratio of 12% only plays a good role in reducing CO2 emissions, but has defects in controlling combustion stability and preventing local overheating from causing poor homogeneity. SUMMARY

[0005] To solve the problem of backfiring and local overheating caused by hydrogen doping in natural gas and improve the homogeneity of pre-baked anodes after baking, the present application provides a method for improving the homogeneity of pre-baked anodes.

[0006] The method for improving the homogeneity of pre-baked anodes provided by the present application adopts the following technical scheme: A method for improving the homogeneity of pre-baked anodes, comprising the following method: mixing natural gas with hydrogen, wherein the proportion of hydrogen is 9%. Use natural gas and hydrogen mixed fuel for pre-baked anode baking; By baking, the sintered pre-baked anode is obtained.

[0007] Further, during the baking process, the temperature in the furnace is controlled at 1100-1200℃, and the temperature fluctuation range is ≤±10℃.

[0008] Preferably, the temperature fluctuation range is ±5℃.

[0009] Further, the total length of the baking is 10-28 hours.

[0010] Preferably, the total length of the baking is 24 hours.

[0011] Further, during the baking process, the carbonization of the green block of the pre-baked anode is continuously observed until a stable microstructure is formed.

[0012] Further, during the baking process, the flue negative pressure is controlled in the range of-10 to-30Pa.

[0013] Preferably, the flue negative pressure is controlled in the range of-15 to-29Pa.

[0014] Further, the flue negative pressure fluctuation range is controlled within ±2Pa.

[0015] Further, the negative pressure control adopts a variable frequency fan adjustment system, which realizes closed loop control in cooperation with a pressure sensor.

[0016] In summary, the present application has the following beneficial technical effects: 1. Hydrogen doping 9% can significantly improve the flame propagation speed and the uniformity of the combustion temperature of the fuel, make the heat distribution in the furnace more reasonable, reduce the local overheating or under-burning phenomenon, thereby improving the density uniformity and overall quality of the pre-baked anode.

[0017] 2. Hydrogen-doped natural gas combustion is more complete and has lower pollutant emissions, which can improve thermal efficiency, reduce harmful gas emissions, and reduce carbon emissions, in line with the industry development direction of green manufacturing.

[0018] 3. By optimizing the fuel and baking method, the obtained pre-baked anode has higher density, stronger mechanical properties and better chemical stability, effectively prolonging its service life in electrolytic aluminum production.

[0019] 4. Strictly controlling the baking temperature and its fluctuation range can ensure that the anode green block is carbonized fully and uniformly, prevent structure defects caused by temperature fluctuations, and improve the consistency of the anode product.

[0020] 5、Precise temperature control further improves the controllability of the roasting process, greatly improves the homogeneity and physical properties of the anode, and reduces the quality differences between batches.

[0021] 6、Reasonable setting of roasting time can ensure the complete carbonization reaction inside the green block, prevent overburning or underburning, improve the microstructure stability of the anode, and the optimal roasting time of 24 hours can maximize the mechanical strength and density of the anode while ensuring production efficiency, balancing quality and capacity.

[0022] 7、Real-time monitoring of carbonization process ensures uniform carbonization and dense structure of the anode green block, reduces product defects caused by insufficient carbonization, and improves the consistency and reliability of the final product.

[0023] 8、Reasonable flue negative pressure setting helps to stabilize the furnace gas flow, prevent smoke backflow and furnace temperature fluctuations, and ensure the safety of the roasting process and the quality of the anode product.

[0024] 9、The preferred negative pressure range further improves the stability of the furnace gas flow, reduces the risk of furnace leakage and environmental pollution, and helps to evenly transfer heat and improve anode homogeneity.

[0025] 10、Strict negative pressure fluctuation control can greatly reduce the fluctuation of furnace gas flow and temperature, improve the stability of the roasting environment, and ensure the repeatability of the anode roasting process and the consistency of product quality.

[0026] 11、The advanced closed-loop control system can respond to changes in furnace pressure in real time, realize automatic and precise air flow adjustment, improve the automation and intelligence level of roasting, reduce quality fluctuations caused by human intervention, and ensure product batch stability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the roasting process of the prebaked anode of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following will be combined with the drawings Figure 1 The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application are described clearly and completely. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0029] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application.

[0030] The present application discloses a method for improving the homogeneity of prebaked anodes, which comprises the following steps: Figure 1 , comprising the following method: Mixing natural gas with hydrogen, wherein the proportion of hydrogen is 9%; Using the mixed fuel of natural gas and hydrogen for prebaked anode baking; Obtaining sintered prebaked anodes by baking.

[0031] During the baking process, the temperature in the furnace is controlled at 1100-1200℃, and the temperature fluctuation range is ≤±10℃, and the optimal temperature fluctuation range is ±5℃.

[0032] The total length of the baking process is 10-28 hours, and the optimal total length of the baking process is 24 hours.

[0033] During the baking process, the carbonization of the green block of the prebaked anode is continuously observed until a stable microstructure is formed.

[0034] During the baking process, the flue negative pressure is controlled in the range of -10 to -30 Pa, and the optimal flue negative pressure is controlled in the range of -15 to -29 Pa.

[0035] The flue negative pressure fluctuation range is controlled within ±2 Pa.

[0036] The negative pressure control adopts a variable frequency fan regulation system, and a pressure sensor is used to realize closed-loop control.

[0037] Embodiment 1: A method for improving the homogeneity of prebaked anodes, comprising the following specific method: Prepare the prebaked anode green block to be baked, ensure that its size, density and forming quality meet the requirements, and perform necessary pretreatment on the anode green block, such as drying treatment, to remove surface moisture and avoid cracks during the baking process.

[0038] Prepare natural gas (CH4) and hydrogen (H2) as combustion fuel, according to the process requirements, mix about 9% hydrogen into natural gas according to the volume ratio, mix uniformly, ensure the stability of the fuel composition, configure a gas supply system to ensure that the gas pressure and flow meet the requirements of the baking furnace.

[0039] Prepared anode green block is evenly placed in the roasting furnace, try to avoid over-dense accumulation, to ensure the smooth flow of hot gas, check the sealing performance of the furnace body, to ensure that the furnace door, air port and other places are no leakage, to ensure the stability of negative pressure during the roasting process.

[0040] Start the gas mixing system, ignite the burner, and gradually heat up to the pre-roasting temperature range (1100-1200℃).

[0041] The temperature control in the preheating stage is at a lower level to prevent the green block from being heated sharply, which may cause cracks.

[0042] The temperature in the furnace is continuously monitored, and data is collected in real time by using thermocouples and other sensors. The furnace temperature is stabilized at 1100-1200℃ by adjusting the gas flow and air supply ratio, and the temperature fluctuation is controlled within ±5℃.

[0043] According to the real-time temperature feedback, adjust the fuel ratio and fan speed to ensure uniform temperature distribution.

[0044] A closed-loop system composed of a frequency conversion fan and a pressure sensor is used to monitor the furnace negative pressure in real time, and the negative pressure is maintained at -15 to -25 Pa, with a negative pressure fluctuation range of within ±2 Pa, to ensure stable flue gas flow and prevent gas short circuit and dust leakage.

[0045] The carbonization state of the pre-baked anode green block is continuously observed to ensure that a stable microstructure is gradually formed inside the green block. During the roasting process, the roasting time is adjusted according to the carbonization degree, and the total roasting time is usually about 24 hours, ranging from 10 to 28 hours.

[0046] After the roasting is completed, the furnace temperature is gradually reduced to avoid rapid cooling, which may cause thermal stress and lead to cracks. The cooling rate is controlled until the anode temperature drops to a safe handling temperature. Then the furnace door is opened and the pre-baked anode product is taken out.

[0047] The density, compressive strength, and bending strength of the roasted anode are tested, and the CO2 reactivity and air reactivity are measured to evaluate the chemical stability. Based on the test results, it is determined whether the roasting process meets the standards, and if necessary, the process parameters are adjusted to optimize product quality.

[0048] For unqualified anode products, analyze the reasons and decide on repair or scrap processing scheme. Record the roasting data and quality situation for process improvement and tracking management.

[0049] The compressive strength of the roasted anode with 9% hydrogen ratio reaches a maximum of 45Mpa, and the bending strength reaches a maximum of 12Mpa.

[0050] The CO2 reactivity residual reaches a maximum of 98.6%, and the air reactivity residual reaches a maximum of 96.5%.

[0051] Example 2: A method for improving the homogeneity of prebaked anodes, comprising the following specific methods: Prepare the preformed anode green block to be baked, ensure that its size, density and forming quality meet the requirements, and perform necessary pretreatment on the anode green block, such as drying treatment, to remove surface moisture and avoid cracks during the baking process.

[0052] Prepare natural gas (CH4) and hydrogen gas (H2) as combustion fuel, according to process requirements, mix hydrogen gas into natural gas at a volume ratio of about 7.0%, mix uniformly to ensure stable fuel composition, configure a gas supply system to ensure that the gas pressure and flow meet the requirements of the baking furnace.

[0053] Place the preformed anode green block evenly in the baking furnace, try to avoid over-dense stacking to ensure smooth heat flow, check the sealing performance of the furnace body to ensure that there is no leakage at the furnace door, air port and other places, and ensure the stability of the negative pressure during the baking process.

[0054] Start the gas mixing system, light the burner, and gradually heat up to the pre-baking temperature range (1100-1200℃).

[0055] Control the temperature at a lower level during the preheating stage to prevent cracks caused by rapid heating of the green block.

[0056] Continuously monitor the temperature in the furnace, use thermocouples and other sensors to collect data in real time, and control the furnace temperature at 1100-1200℃ by adjusting the gas flow and air supply ratio, with a temperature fluctuation of ±5℃ or less.

[0057] Adjust the fuel ratio and fan speed according to real-time temperature feedback to ensure uniform temperature distribution.

[0058] Use a closed-loop system composed of a variable frequency fan and a pressure sensor to monitor the furnace flue negative pressure in real time, maintain the negative pressure at -15 to -24 Pa, and control the negative pressure fluctuation range within ±2 Pa to ensure stable flue gas flow and prevent gas short circuit and dust leakage.

[0059] Continuously observe the carbonization state of the pre-baked anode green block to ensure that a stable microstructure is gradually formed inside the green block, and adjust the baking time according to the carbonization degree during the baking process. The total baking time is usually about 24 hours, ranging from 10 to 28 hours.

[0060] After baking is completed, gradually reduce the furnace temperature to avoid rapid cooling that may cause thermal stress and cracks, control the cooling rate until the anode temperature drops to a safe handling temperature, open the furnace door, and remove the pre-baked anode product.

[0061] The density, compressive strength, and bending strength of the baked anode are tested, the CO2 reactivity and air reactivity are determined, and the chemical stability is evaluated. Based on the test results, it is determined whether the baking process meets the standards, and if necessary, the process parameters are adjusted to optimize product quality.

[0062] For unqualified anode products, analyze the causes, decide on repair or scrap disposal plan, record baking data and quality situation, for process improvement and tracking management.

[0063] 7.0 % volume ratio of hydrogen doping, the compressive strength of the baked anode reaches 42.9 Mpa, and the bending strength reaches 11.2 Mpa.

[0064] The CO2 reactivity residual reaches 97.5%, and the air reaction residual reaches 95.7%.

[0065] Example 3: A method for improving the homogeneity of pre-baked anodes includes the following specific methods: Prepare the pre-baked anode green block to be baked, ensure that its size, density and molding quality meet the requirements, and perform necessary pretreatment on the anode green block, such as drying treatment to remove surface moisture and avoid cracks during baking.

[0066] Prepare natural gas (CH4) and hydrogen (H2) as combustion fuel, according to the process requirements, mix about 8.2 % hydrogen into natural gas by volume, mix evenly to ensure stable fuel composition, configure a gas supply system to ensure that the gas pressure and flow meet the requirements of the baking furnace.

[0067] Place the pre-prepared anode green block evenly in the baking furnace, try to avoid over-dense stacking to ensure smooth heat flow, check the sealing performance of the furnace body to ensure that there is no leakage at the furnace door, air port, etc., and ensure stable negative pressure during the baking process.

[0068] Start the gas mixing system, light the burner, and gradually heat up to the pre-baking temperature range (1100-1200℃).

[0069] Control the temperature at a lower level during the preheating stage to prevent cracks caused by rapid heating of the green block.

[0070] Continuously monitor the temperature in the furnace, use thermocouples and other sensors to collect data in real time, and control the furnace temperature to be stable at 1100-1200℃ by adjusting the gas flow and air supply ratio, with a temperature fluctuation of ±5℃.

[0071] Adjust the fuel ratio and fan speed according to real-time temperature feedback to ensure uniform temperature distribution.

[0072] A closed-loop system composed of a variable frequency fan and a pressure sensor is used to monitor the negative pressure in the furnace in real time, and the negative pressure is maintained at -15 to -25 Pa. The negative pressure fluctuation range is controlled within ±2 Pa to ensure stable flue gas flow and prevent gas short circuiting and dust leakage.

[0073] The carbonization state of the prebaked anode green block is continuously observed to ensure that a stable microstructure is gradually formed inside the green block. During the baking process, the baking time is adjusted according to the carbonization degree. Typically, the total baking time is about 24 hours, ranging from 10 to 28 hours.

[0074] After baking is completed, the furnace temperature is gradually reduced to avoid rapid cooling, which can cause thermal stress and induce cracks. The cooling rate is controlled until the anode temperature drops to a safe handling temperature. Then, the furnace door is opened, and the prebaked anode product is removed.

[0075] The density, compressive strength, and bending strength of the baked anode are tested, and the CO2 reactivity and air reactivity are measured to evaluate the chemical stability. Based on the test results, it is determined whether the baking process meets the standards. If necessary, the process parameters are adjusted to optimize product quality.

[0076] For unqualified anode products, the causes are analyzed, and a repair or scrap disposal plan is determined. The baking data and quality conditions are recorded for process improvement and tracking management.

[0077] 8.2 Under a hydrogen mixing ratio of 8.2% by volume, the compressive strength of the baked anode reaches a maximum of 44.6 Mpa, and the bending strength reaches a maximum of 11.8 Mpa.

[0078] The CO2 reactivity residual reaches a maximum of 98.2%, and the air reactivity residual reaches a maximum of 96.1%.

[0079] Example 4: A method for improving the homogeneity of prebaked anodes includes the following specific methods: Prepare the prebaked anode green block to be baked, ensuring that its size, density, and molding quality meet the requirements. Perform necessary pretreatment on the anode green block, such as drying treatment, to remove surface moisture and prevent cracks during the baking process.

[0080] Prepare natural gas (CH4) and hydrogen gas (H2) as combustion fuel. According to the process requirements, mix about 10.2% hydrogen gas into the natural gas by volume, ensuring uniform mixing and stable fuel composition. Configure a gas supply system to ensure that the gas pressure and flow meet the requirements of the baking furnace.

[0081] Place the pre-prepared anode green block evenly in the baking furnace, avoiding excessive compaction to ensure smooth heat flow. Check the sealing performance of the furnace body to ensure that there is no leakage at the furnace door, tuyere, and other places, and to ensure stable negative pressure during the baking process.

[0082] Start the gas mixing system, ignite the burner, and gradually increase the temperature to the pre-baking temperature range (1100-1200°C).

[0083] The temperature control during the preheating stage is at a lower level to prevent cracks caused by rapid heating of the green block.

[0084] The temperature in the furnace is continuously monitored, and data is collected in real time using thermocouples and other sensors. The furnace temperature is stabilized at 1100-1200°C by adjusting the gas flow and air supply ratio, and the temperature fluctuation is controlled within ±5°C.

[0085] Based on real-time temperature feedback, the fuel ratio and fan speed are adjusted to ensure uniform temperature distribution.

[0086] A closed-loop system composed of a variable frequency fan and a pressure sensor is used to monitor the negative pressure in the furnace, and the negative pressure is maintained at -15 to -29 Pa, with a fluctuation range of ±2 Pa, to ensure stable gas flow and prevent gas short circuiting and dust leakage.

[0087] The carbonization state of the pre-baked anode green block is continuously observed to ensure that a stable microstructure is gradually formed inside the green block. During the baking process, the baking time is adjusted based on the carbonization degree, and the total baking time is usually around 24 hours, ranging from 10 to 28 hours.

[0088] After baking is completed, the furnace temperature is gradually reduced to avoid rapid cooling that can cause thermal stress and induce cracks. The cooling rate is controlled until the anode temperature drops to a safe handling temperature, the furnace door is opened, and the pre-baked anode product is removed.

[0089] The density, compressive strength, and bending strength of the baked anode are tested, and the CO2 reactivity and air reactivity are measured to evaluate the chemical stability. Based on the test results, it is determined whether the baking process meets the standards, and if necessary, the process parameters are adjusted to optimize product quality.

[0090] For unqualified anode products, the causes are analyzed, and a repair or scrap disposal plan is decided. The baking data and quality situation are recorded for process improvement and tracking management.

[0091] 10.2 % Volume ratio of hydrogen doping, the compressive strength of the baked anode reaches a maximum of 45.2 Mpa, and the bending strength reaches a maximum of 12 Mpa.

[0092] The CO2 reactivity residual reaches a maximum of 98.6%, and the air reactivity residual reaches a maximum of 96.6%.

[0093] Example 5: A method for improving the homogeneity of pre-baked anodes includes the following specific methods: Prepare the pre-made anode green block to be baked, ensure that its size, density and forming quality meet the requirements, and carry out necessary pretreatment on the anode green block, such as drying treatment, to remove surface moisture and avoid cracks during the baking process.

[0094] Prepare natural gas (CH4) and hydrogen gas (H2) as combustion fuel, according to the process requirements, mix about 13.0% hydrogen gas into natural gas according to the volume ratio, mix uniformly, ensure the stability of fuel composition, configure the gas supply system, ensure that the gas pressure and flow meet the requirements of the baking furnace.

[0095] Place the pre-made anode green block evenly in the baking furnace, try to avoid over-dense stacking to ensure smooth heat flow, check the sealing performance of the furnace body to ensure that there is no leakage at the furnace door, air port and other places, and ensure the stability of negative pressure during the baking process.

[0096] Start the gas mixing system, ignite the burner, and gradually heat up to the pre-baking temperature range (1100-1200℃).

[0097] Control the temperature at a lower level during the preheating stage to prevent cracks caused by rapid heating of the green block.

[0098] Continuously monitor the temperature in the furnace, use thermocouples and other sensors to collect data in real time, and control the furnace temperature to be stable at 1100-1200℃ by adjusting the gas flow and air supply ratio, with a temperature fluctuation of ±5℃.

[0099] Adjust the fuel ratio and fan speed according to real-time temperature feedback to ensure uniform temperature distribution.

[0100] Use a closed-loop system composed of a variable frequency fan and a pressure sensor to monitor the negative pressure in the furnace in real time, maintain the negative pressure at-15 to-32 Pa, and control the negative pressure fluctuation range within ±2 Pa to ensure stable flue gas flow and prevent gas short circuit and dust leakage.

[0101] Continuously observe the carbonization state of the pre-baked anode green block to ensure that a stable microstructure is gradually formed inside the green block, and adjust the baking time according to the carbonization degree during the baking process. The total baking time is usually about 24 hours, ranging from 10 to 28 hours.

[0102] After the baking is completed, gradually reduce the furnace temperature to avoid cracks caused by rapid cooling due to thermal stress, control the cooling rate until the anode temperature drops to a safe handling temperature, open the furnace door, and take out the pre-baked anode product.

[0103] Test the density, compressive strength and bending strength of the baked anode, measure the CO2 reactivity and air reactivity, evaluate the chemical stability, and determine whether the baking process meets the standards according to the test results, and adjust the process parameters as necessary to optimize product quality.

[0104] Analyze the reason of unqualified anode product, decide the repair or scrap processing scheme, record the baking data and quality situation, and use for process improvement and tracking management.

[0105] 13.0 % volume ratio of hydrogen doping, the highest compressive strength of the baked anode reaches 45.3 Mpa, and the highest bending strength reaches 12.2 Mpa.

[0106] The highest CO2 reactivity residual reaches 98.7%, and the highest air reaction residual reaches 96.8%.

[0107] The above content is only an example and description of the structure of the application, and those skilled in the art can make various modifications or supplements to the described specific embodiments or replace them with similar ways, as long as they do not deviate from the scope defined by the structure of the application, which shall belong to the protection scope of the application.

Claims

1. A method for improving the homogeneity of prebaked anodes, characterized in that, Including the following methods: Natural gas is mixed with hydrogen, with hydrogen comprising 9% of the mixture. A mixture of natural gas and hydrogen fuel is used for prebaked anode baking; The prebaked anode is obtained by calcination.

2. The method for improving the homogeneity of prebaked anodes according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the roasting process, the temperature inside the furnace is controlled at 1100~1200℃, with a temperature fluctuation range of ≤±10℃.

3. The method for improving the homogeneity of prebaked anodes according to claim 2, characterized in that: The temperature fluctuation range is ±5℃.

4. The method for improving the homogeneity of prebaked anodes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The total roasting time is 10 to 28 hours.

5. The method for improving the homogeneity of prebaked anodes according to claim 4, characterized in that: The total roasting time is 24 hours.

6. The method for improving the homogeneity of prebaked anodes according to claim 4, characterized in that: During the roasting process, the carbonization of the prebaked anode is continuously observed until a stable microstructure is formed.

7. The method for improving the homogeneity of prebaked anodes according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the roasting process, the negative pressure in the fire channel is controlled within the range of -10 to -30 Pa.

8. The method for improving the homogeneity of prebaked anodes according to claim 7, characterized in that: The negative pressure in the fire channel is controlled within the range of -15 to -29 Pa.

9. The method for improving the homogeneity of prebaked anodes according to claim 8, characterized in that: The negative pressure fluctuation range of the fire channel is controlled within ±2Pa.

10. A method for improving the homogeneity of prebaked anodes according to claim 8, characterized in that: The negative pressure control adopts a variable frequency fan regulation system, which, together with a pressure sensor, achieves closed-loop control.

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