Active isolation-passive attenuation-energy recovery integrated composite isolation wall

Abstract

The invention discloses an active isolation-passive attenuation-energy recovery integrated composite isolation wall, which belongs to the field of rail transit and comprises a magneto-rheological damping unit, a linear motor displacement control unit, a passive vibration control module, a bottom supporting element, a top covering module and the like. The magneto-rheological damping unit is guaranteed to generate controllable damping force through the magneto-rheological effect of magneto-rheological fluid in a cavity, and real-time active control is carried out on a train track; the linear motor displacement control unit accurately adjusts the system displacement to realize active vibration control; the passive vibration control module realizes efficient attenuation of vibration energy through cooperation of various elements; the bottom supporting element provides load bearing and stable supporting, and the top covering module has the functions of vibration monitoring and vibration energy conversion and protection. According to the isolation wall, active control real-time adjustment and passive control energy dissipation are combined, a multi-stage vibration control strategy is constructed, the isolation wall adapts to different vibration environments, and the stability and safety of a track system are improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of urban rail transit, in particular to an active isolation-passive attenuation-energy recovery integrated composite isolation wall. BACKGROUND

[0002] The operation of urban rail transit can cause long-term vibration, which may lead to structural damage such as cracks in buildings along the line and foundation settlement, threatening the safety of buildings. In addition, when the rail line passes through residential areas, vibration will also interfere with residents' lives, so effective vibration control measures must be taken.

[0003] Currently, various vibration reduction-isolation combined design schemes have emerged in the field of rail transit vibration control, for example: Chinese patent application CN117569125A proposes a rail transit damping structure, which replaces the rubber damping ring by installing the rail transit damping structure under the track, thereby playing a damping role on the rail transit. Chinese patent application CN117306319A proposes a rail damping mechanism based on rail transit, which improves the stability of the damping mechanism by setting the connection mode between the sliding plate and the ball plate, improves the damping effect at the bottom of the ball plate by setting the rubber pad, and reduces the friction between the train and the track while improving the service life of the track by setting the damping spring column and the cover structure to form a complete damping mechanism. These designs significantly improve the suppression effect of low-frequency and large-amplitude vibration by optimizing the mechanical configuration.

[0004] However, there are still three key limitations in the prior art: first, passive control mechanisms are difficult to dynamically adapt to complex and variable vibration frequency spectrum characteristics; second, the control dimension is single, mainly targeting longitudinal vibration of the track while ignoring multi-directional coupled vibration; and finally, the effective recovery and utilization of vibration energy is not achieved.

[0005] In contrast, magneto-rheological dampers have achieved remarkable results in the field of automobile vibration reduction due to their millisecond response speed and continuously adjustable damping force characteristics. However, rail transit vibration has unique working condition characteristics: vibration amplitude can reach 5-10 times that of automobile working conditions, the dominant frequency is concentrated in the low frequency band of 0.5-10 Hz, and the vibration source involves wheel-rail coupling, track irregularity, and other multi-factor coupling effects. Therefore, existing designs still cannot meet the active seismic resistance needs of rail transit. SUMMARY

[0006] The problem to be solved by the present application is to provide an active isolation-passive attenuation-energy recovery integrated composite isolation wall, which combines real-time adjustment of active control and energy dissipation of passive control, constructs a multi-level vibration control strategy, adapts to different vibration environments, and at the same time realizes partial recovery of energy, thereby improving the stability and safety of urban rail transit.

[0007] The application adopts the following technical scheme: an active isolation-passive attenuation-energy recovery integrated composite isolation wall is formed by connecting a plurality of vibration control structures, and train track vibration is inhibited by constructing a multi-stage vibration control in an active-passive cooperative manner;

[0008] Each vibration control structure comprises a magneto-rheological damping unit, a linear motor displacement control unit, a passive vibration control module, a bottom support element and a top cover module.

[0009] The magneto-rheological damping unit and the linear motor displacement control unit are used for active vibration adjustment.

[0010] The magneto-rheological damping unit is arranged on the side of the passive vibration control module, is connected to the passive vibration control module and provides variable damping force based on the characteristic of the magneto-rheological fluid changing the flow resistance under the action of an electromagnetic field, and dynamically adjusts vibration suppression in different working conditions.

[0011] The linear motor displacement control unit is arranged at a position adjacent to the magneto-rheological damping unit, is connected to the passive vibration control module at the upper surface and is connected to the roller track at the lower surface through rollers, accurately adjusts the displacement of the roller track by using electromagnetic force driving, compensates external disturbance and realizes active vibration control.

[0012] The passive vibration control module is arranged above the linear motor displacement control unit, is connected to the bottom support element, performs passive vibration control through vibration damping of flexible materials and vibration isolation of rigid materials.

[0013] The roller track is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the bottom support element, and the bottom support element is fixedly connected to the track foundation.

[0014] The top cover module is arranged on the top of the entire vibration control structure, is tightly connected to the train track, and performs vibration monitoring and vibration energy conversion through the optical fiber displacement monitoring element and the piezoelectric conversion circuit.

[0015] Preferably, the magneto-rheological damping unit comprises a working cylinder body, an electromagnetic coil, a connecting part, a piston, a piston rod, magneto-rheological fluid and a protective cylinder, controllable damping force of the magneto-rheological damping unit is ensured through the magneto-rheological effect of the magneto-rheological fluid in the cavity, and real-time active control of the train track is realized.

[0016] The working cylinder body is made of stainless steel and has a hollow cuboid structure, is used for providing support and protection and ensures long-term stability of the piston member.

[0017] The piston is arranged inside the working cylinder body, slides along the axis of the working cylinder body and divides the space inside the working cylinder body into two independent working cavities.

[0018] The electromagnetic coil is made of copper wire, located outside the piston, and is prevented from being damaged by rubber sealing, and is used to generate an adjustable magnetic field under the control of current input to excite the magneto-rheological fluid response.

[0019] The magneto-rheological fluid is formed by dispersing nano-iron particles in mineral oil and filled in the channel between the upper and lower working cavities to communicate the upper and lower working cavities.

[0020] The piston rod is made of alloy and is connected to the upper part of the piston by threads.

[0021] Preferably, the connecting part includes an L-shaped connecting part and a square connecting part.

[0022] The L-shaped connecting part is used to fix the working cylinder body, and the end is connected to the passive vibration control module by screws; one end of the square connecting part is welded to the piston rod, and the other end is connected to the passive vibration control module by screws.

[0023] The protective cylinder is made of high-temperature-resistant and corrosion-resistant material, wrapped outside the magneto-rheological damping unit, and provides additional protection.

[0024] Preferably, the linear motor displacement control unit includes a displacement control linear motor element, a displacement sensor, a data communication interface, a roller, and a roller track.

[0025] The upper surface of the displacement control linear motor element is connected to the passive vibration control module, and the lower surface is connected to the roller and the roller track through the roller for generating linear driving force, outputting linear motion in a fixed direction based on electromagnetic force principle, and driving the overall structure to make precise displacement.

[0026] The displacement sensor is arranged inside or outside the displacement control linear motor element for real-time acquisition of displacement state information and feedback to the control system through the data communication interface.

[0027] The roller is made of high-strength alloy material and is driven along the roller track by the roller control motor for precise displacement adjustment.

[0028] Preferably, the passive vibration control module includes a passive vibration control unit, a shear resistance element, and a connecting and fixing element.

[0029] The passive vibration control unit has four units arranged in a mutually perpendicular space and connected to the four connecting and fixing elements to form the overall passive vibration control module.

[0030] Each passive vibration control unit is connected to two connecting and fixing elements through a plurality of shear resistance elements on both sides to provide additional shear strength and auxiliary vibration absorption.

[0031] Preferably, each passive vibration control unit comprises a rigid vibration isolation element and a flexible embedded damping element, which are filled in the rigid vibration isolation element, aiming to achieve efficient vibration isolation and attenuation through the synergy of flexible and rigid materials.

[0032] The rigid vibration isolation element is a hollow cuboid structure made of metal or concrete high-rigidity material to ensure sufficient strength and rigidity for effective vibration isolation and load bearing.

[0033] The flexible embedded damping element is filled in the rigid vibration isolation element, which deforms when subjected to vibration to absorb and attenuate a large amount of vibration energy and reduce vibration transmission. The material selection and structural design of this element can be optimized according to actual working conditions to balance durability and damping efficiency and improve overall vibration control effect.

[0034] Preferably, the shear resistance element comprises an outer compression spring, an inner compression spring, a fixed base, a shear element, and a high-strength screw, which is mainly used to provide shear strength and further absorb vibration energy through the outer and inner compression springs to enhance the vibration resistance of the system.

[0035] The outer and inner compression springs are respectively arranged on both sides of the shear element and elastically deform to dissipate energy under external shear force.

[0036] One side of the fixed base is connected to the shear element through the high-strength screw, and the other side is fixedly connected to the track structure.

[0037] Preferably, the top covering module comprises a rubber cover plate, an optical fiber displacement monitoring element, and a piezoelectric conversion circuit, which is mainly used to protect the overall vibration control structure and tightly connect with the train track to realize vibration monitoring and vibration energy conversion.

[0038] The rubber cover plate is made of high-elasticity rubber material to protect and cover the entire vibration control structure and tightly adhere to the bottom of the track. The length of the rubber cover plate is extended in the running direction of the track through the connection lock.

[0039] The optical fiber displacement monitoring element is embedded in the surface layer of the rubber cover plate to monitor the displacement change of the train track in real time. Based on the fiber Bragg grating sensing technology, this monitoring element can accurately perceive the slight deformation and displacement of the track and transmit data to the monitoring system to realize real-time monitoring and early warning of the train track state. The flexible embedded design ensures good adaptation to the rubber cover plate, and the anti-interference capability improves long-term stability.

[0040] The piezoelectric conversion circuit adopts a sheet structure, is embedded into the middle of the rubber cover plate, collects and transmits the generated electric charge, and converts vibration energy into electric energy through the piezoelectric effect.

[0041] Preferably, the piezoelectric conversion circuit comprises: a piezoelectric conversion element, a silica gel buffer layer between piezoelectric elements, an energy collection circuit, an energy collection standby circuit, a voltmeter, a switch, an aluminum plastic composite film, a multi-channel signal summary module, and a parallel rectifier circuit.

[0042] The piezoelectric conversion element adopts a plurality of hexagonal sheet-shaped piezoelectric ceramic sheets, which are embedded in the rubber cover plate in a honeycomb array combination form, the sheet-shaped electrode surfaces are arranged parallel to the track plane, and the adjacent piezoelectric ceramic sheets are interconnected by silica gel coated silver wire laser welding, and the welding points are polyurethane filled.

[0043] The silica gel buffer layer between the piezoelectric elements is formed by a vacuum injection molding process and filled in the gap between adjacent piezoelectric ceramic sheets.

[0044] The energy collection circuit and the energy collection standby circuit adopt a parallel circuit form, which is automatically switched by a switch, and the voltage state of the energy collection circuit and the energy collection standby circuit is monitored in real time by a voltmeter and transmitted to a multi-channel signal summary module.

[0045] The multi-channel signal summary module is connected to the parallel rectifier circuit, which is used to convert the alternating current generated by the piezoelectric conversion element into direct current.

[0046] The aluminum plastic composite film adopts a 0.2mm aluminum plastic composite vacuum packaging layer, which covers the surface of the piezoelectric conversion element.

[0047] The multi-channel signal summary module is built-in FFT+LMS algorithm, which is used to realize vibration spectrum analysis, store fault codes locally through FRAM chip, and integrate RS-485 / NB-IoT dual-mode communication.

[0048] Preferably, the integrated composite isolation wall further comprises a connecting lock, which is used to extend the length of the bottom support element and the rubber cover plate in the running direction of the track, connect the vibration control structures of each group, and form an integrated composite isolation wall.

[0049] The bottom support element is an integrally formed solid cuboid structure, which is used to provide stable support and structural expansion capability for the vibration control system, is made of stainless steel, and provides reliable bottom support for the entire vibration control system.

[0050] The connecting element extends the length of the vibration control system in the running direction of the track through the connecting lock, ensuring that the vibration control system can be adjusted in length according to the needs to adapt to the installation requirements of different track structures.

[0051] Compared with the prior art, the application has the following technical effects:

[0052] 1、The integrated composite isolation wall of the application, the optical fiber displacement monitoring element in the top covering module senses the track vibration in real time, feeds back the displacement data to the control system, the control system analyzes based on the vibration frequency spectrum and amplitude characteristics, adjusts the stiffness and damping parameters of the vibration control system, thereby effectively reducing the vibration amplitude of the train track.

[0053] 2、The integrated composite isolation wall of the application, the linear motor displacement control unit drives the roller to realize accurate displacement compensation according to the system instruction, effectively offsets the macro displacement of the track structure; the magneto-rheological damping unit changes the magneto-rheological fluid damping characteristics by adjusting the input current in real time, provides controllable damping force opposite to the vibration, and suppresses the medium and high frequency vibration. At the same time, the passive vibration control module as the system foundation, continuously dissipates vibration energy and bears the main static load; the internal shear resistance element and flexible material cooperate to enhance the impact resistance and multidirectional stability of the system, and ensure that the system still has basic vibration reduction capacity when the active control is not started or abnormal.

[0054] 3、The integrated composite isolation wall of the application, the piezoelectric conversion circuit captures and converts the mechanical energy generated in the vibration of the whole vibration control system into electrical energy, supplements the energy of the monitoring unit or the control system, and realizes partial recovery of energy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0055] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the integrated composite isolation wall of the application active isolation-passive attenuation-energy recovery;

[0056] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the magneto-rheological damping unit of the application;

[0057] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the linear motor displacement control unit of the application;

[0058] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the passive vibration control module of the application;

[0059] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the shear resistance element of the application;

[0060] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the top covering module of the application;

[0061] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the piezoelectric conversion circuit of the application;

[0062] MARK DESCRIPTION IN THE FIGURE:

[0063] 1 magnetorheological damper unit, 2 linear motor displacement control unit, 3 passive vibration control module, 4 bottom support element, 5 top cover module, 6 connecting lock;

[0064] 1-1 working cylinder body, 1-2 electromagnetic coil, 1-3 L-shaped connecting part, 1-4 piston, 1-5 square connecting part, 1-6 piston rod, 1-7 magnetorheological fluid, 1-8 protective cylinder;

[0065] 2-1 displacement control linear motor element, 2-2 displacement sensor, 2-3 data communication interface, 2-4 roller, 2-5 roller track;

[0066] 3-1 connecting and fixing element, 3-2 passive vibration control unit, 3-3 shear resistance element;

[0067] 3-2-1 rigid vibration isolation element, 3-2-2 flexible embedded damping element;

[0068] 3-3-1 outer ring compression spring, 3-3-2 inner ring compression spring, 3-3-3 fixed base, 3-3-4 shear resistance element, 3-3-5 high-strength screw;

[0069] 5-1 rubber cover plate, 5-2 optical fiber displacement monitoring element, 5-3 piezoelectric conversion circuit;

[0070] 5-3-1 piezoelectric conversion element, 5-3-2 silicone buffer layer between piezoelectric elements, 5-3-3 energy harvesting circuit, 5-3-4 energy harvesting backup circuit, 5-3-5 voltmeter, 5-3-6 switch, 5-3-7 aluminum plastic composite film, 5-3-8 multi-channel signal summary module, 5-3-9 parallel rectifier circuit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0071] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present application clearer, the technical scheme of the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings, and the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments involved in the present application. All non-innovative embodiments of other researchers in this embodiment belong to the protection scope of the present application.

[0072] Embodiment one

[0073] An active isolation-passive attenuation-energy recycling integrated composite isolation wall is provided, which is formed by connecting a plurality of vibration control structures, and train track vibration is inhibited by constructing active-passive collaborative multi-stage vibration control.

[0074] Each group of vibration control structures, as shown in Figure 1 includes: a magnetorheological damper unit 1, a linear motor displacement control unit 2, a passive vibration control module 3, a bottom support element 4, a top cover module 5, a connecting lock 6 and other core components.

[0075] The embodiment combines the active adjustment capabilities of the magneto-rheological damping unit 1 and the linear motor displacement control unit 2 with the adaptive vibration suppression characteristics of the passive vibration control module 3, forms a complete vibration control system by constructing a multi-stage active-passive collaborative vibration control strategy, and ensures stable operation of the track in different frequency and amplitude vibration environments, effectively suppresses track vibration, and improves overall safety and durability.

[0076] In terms of active control, the magneto-rheological damping unit 1 and the linear motor displacement control unit 2 work together to achieve high-precision active vibration adjustment. The magneto-rheological damping unit 1 adjusts the input current in real time based on the characteristics of the magneto-rheological fluid changing the flow resistance under the action of the electromagnetic field, changes the damping characteristics of the magneto-rheological fluid, and provides controllable damping force opposite to the vibration to dynamically suppress medium and high frequency vibration in different working conditions. At the same time, the linear motor displacement control unit 2 drives the roller track using electromagnetic force according to system instructions to achieve precise displacement control, actively compensates for external disturbances, effectively offsets the macro displacement of the track structure, and improves the response speed and control accuracy of the system.

[0077] In terms of passive control, the passive vibration control module 3 serves as the foundation of the system, continuously dissipates vibration energy and bears the main static load; the internal shear resistance element and flexible material work together to enhance the impact resistance and multidirectional stability of the system, ensuring that it still has basic vibration reduction capability when active control is not started or abnormal.

[0078] In the passive vibration control module 3, the rigid vibration isolation element 3-2-1 is made of metal or concrete, providing necessary structural support and high-frequency vibration isolation capability; the flexible embedded damping element 3-2-2 uses the deformation energy absorption characteristics of high polymer materials to effectively attenuate medium and low frequency vibration and reduce vibration propagation to the system interior; the shear resistance element 3-3 is composed of an outer ring and an inner ring spring, which is used to provide additional shear resistance, reduce deformation of the track system under the action of lateral impact or foundation settlement, and optimize the damping path to improve vibration attenuation effect.

[0079] Finally, the vibration control system combines real-time accurate adjustment of active control with energy dissipation and propagation blocking of passive control to form a multi-stage vibration control strategy, which can cover a wide range of vibration control capabilities from small high-frequency vibration to large low-frequency vibration, significantly improving the stability, anti-interference ability and service life of the track system.

[0080] Further, the bottom support element 4 is an integral structure for providing a stable foundation support platform for the entire vibration control system, while having certain structural expansion capability.

[0081] The top covering module 5 covers the entire vibration control structure.

[0082] The connecting lock 6 is used to extend the length of the bottom support element 4 and the top cover module 5 in the track running direction, extend the length of the vibration control system, and ensure that the vibration control system can be length-adjusted according to requirements to adapt to the installation requirements of different track structures.

[0083] Specifically, as shown in the figure, Figure 2 The magnetorheological damping unit 1 includes a working cylinder body 1-1, an electromagnetic coil 1-2, an L-shaped connecting component 1-3, a piston 1-4, a square connecting component 1-5, a piston rod 1-6, a magnetorheological fluid 1-7, and an outer protective cylinder 1-8, which are used to realize real-time active control of the train track system.

[0084] The working cylinder body 1-1 is made of stainless steel material and has a hollow cuboid structure, which is used to provide overall structural support and sealed space to ensure the stable operation of the internal moving parts and the closed flow of the magnetorheological fluid.

[0085] The piston 1-4 can slide axially inside the working cylinder body 1-1 and divide the internal space of the cylinder body into two independent working chambers.

[0086] The magnetorheological fluid 1-7 is formed by uniformly dispersing nano-sized iron particles in mineral oil and is filled in the channel between the two working chambers. Under the action of an external magnetic field, its rheological properties (such as viscosity) change rapidly, thereby adjusting the flow resistance and realizing rapid and controllable adjustment of damping force. This magnetorheological effect is the core of realizing real-time active control in this embodiment.

[0087] The electromagnetic coil 1-2 is arranged around the outside of the piston 1-4 and is made of copper wire. It can generate an adjustable magnetic field under the control of current input to excite the magnetorheological fluid response. The electromagnetic coil is provided with a rubber sealing layer for protection, which prevents damage to the coil caused by external environmental factors such as moisture and dust.

[0088] The piston rod 1-6 is made of high-strength alloy material and is fixed to the upper end of the piston 1-4 through threaded connection, which is used to transmit the mechanical load applied during train operation and effectively convert it into controllable resistance through the damping system.

[0089] The L-shaped connecting component 1-3 and the square connecting component 1-5 are both made of high-strength alloy. The L-shaped connecting component 1-3 is used to fixedly connect the working cylinder body 1-1, and its end is connected with the passive vibration control module 3 through a screw, realizing the connection of the fixed end and the optimization of the vibration transmission path.

[0090] The square connecting component 1-5 is welded to one end of the piston rod 1-6, and the other end is connected with the passive vibration control module 3 through a screw, thereby realizing the mechanical coupling of the movable end.

[0091] The outer protective cylinder 1-8 is made of a high-temperature-resistant and corrosion-resistant composite material, and entirely covers the outer surface of the magnetorheological damping unit 1, so as to improve the environmental adaptability, impact resistance and long-term service life of the structure.

[0092] In this embodiment, the magnetorheological damping unit 1 generates a magnetorheological effect through a magnetorheological fluid 1-7 unit with compact structure and high responsiveness, and realizes active adjustment of the dynamic response of the track system through an electromagnetic control and mechanical connection structure, so as to significantly improve the vibration resistance and running stability of the composite partition wall during train operation.

[0093] Specifically, as shown in Figure 3 The linear motor displacement control unit 2 includes a displacement control linear motor element 2-1, a displacement sensor 2-2, a data communication interface 2-3, a roller 2-4 and a roller track 2-5, and is used for accurately adjusting the displacement of the system and realizing active vibration control.

[0094] The displacement control linear motor element 2-1 is used for generating a linear driving force, and outputs a linear motion in a fixed direction based on the principle of electromagnetic force, so as to drive the overall structure to make accurate displacement.

[0095] The displacement sensor 2-2 is arranged inside or outside the displacement control linear motor element 2-1, and is used for acquiring real-time displacement state information and transmitting the information through the data communication interface 2-3.

[0096] The data communication interface 2-3 is used for receiving an external control signal and communicating with an upper computer or a master control system, so as to realize parameter setting, state reading and operation instruction issuing.

[0097] In particular, the upper surface of the displacement control linear motor element 2-1 is connected with the passive vibration control module 3, and is used for constructing a master-slave integrated composite vibration isolation structure; the lower surface of the displacement control linear motor element 2-1 is slidingly connected with the roller 2-4 and the roller track 2-5, and is used for realizing flexible coupling and linear guidance with the track system.

[0098] Further, the roller 2-4 is made of a high-strength alloy material to improve wear resistance and carrying capacity, and is driven by a roller control motor, so as to accurately adjust the displacement along the roller track, and ensure the stability and response speed of the system.

[0099] The roller track 2-5 is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the bottom support element, and mainly provides accurate roller motion guidance, so that the roller can smoothly slide along the set path.

[0100] Specifically, as shown in Figure 4As shown, the passive vibration control module 3 includes a connecting and fixing element 3-1, a passive vibration control unit 3-2, and a shear resistance element 3-3, for providing efficient passive vibration control effect in the train track structure.

[0101] The passive vibration control unit 3-2 includes a rigid vibration isolation element 3-2-1 and a flexible embedded damping element 3-2-2.

[0102] The rigid vibration isolation element 3-2-1 is a hollow cuboid structure made of high-rigidity materials such as metal or concrete, with high load-carrying capacity and vibration isolation stiffness, for providing structural support and blocking external impact.

[0103] The flexible embedded damping element 3-2-2 is filled inside the rigid vibration isolation element 3-2-1 and is made of elastic polyurethane, rubber compound or other high-damping elastic materials, with good deformation capacity and energy absorption performance, which can undergo controllable deformation under vibration load to absorb and attenuate external input vibration energy, thereby reducing the vibration response of the structure.

[0104] The shear resistance element 3-3 is arranged between the passive vibration control units 3-2, for providing additional shear strength and auxiliary vibration absorption function.

[0105] Further, as shown, the shear resistance element 3-3 includes an outer ring compression spring 3-3-1, an inner ring compression spring 3-3-2, a fixed base 3-3-3, a shear element 3-3-4, and a high-strength screw 3-3-5. Figure 5 The outer ring compression spring 3-3-1 and the inner ring compression spring 3-3-2 are respectively arranged on both sides of the shear element 3-3-4, and further dissipate energy through elastic deformation under external shear force, enhancing the anti-vibration performance of the overall system.

[0106] The fixed base 3-3-3 is used for fixed connection with the track structure or other module components, and the high-strength screw 3-3-5 is used for rigid connection between components, ensuring the structural integrity of the overall module.

[0107] Further, in this embodiment, the passive vibration control unit 3-2 and the connecting and fixing element 3-1 each have four, and the two sides of the passive vibration control unit 3-2 are connected to the two connecting and fixing elements 3-1 through a plurality of shear resistance elements 3-3.

[0108] The four passive vibration control units 3-2 are connected to the four connecting and fixing elements 3-1 in a mutually perpendicular spatial arrangement, forming an overall module structure and a composite unit of flexible material damping and rigid material vibration isolation synergistic effect, i.e., the passive vibration control module 3.

[0109] ​

[0110] In the embodiment, the passive vibration control module 3 is designed by a rigid-flexible combined structure in the vibration transmission path, effectively disperses, blocks and absorbs the vibration energy, and significantly improves the structural stability and safety performance of the track system under the action of external disturbances such as seismic waves and train running load.

[0111] Specifically, as shown in Figure 6 The top cover module 5 includes a rubber cover plate 5-1, an optical fiber displacement monitoring element 5-2, and a piezoelectric conversion circuit 5-3.

[0112] The top cover module 5 is arranged above the passive vibration control module 3 and is located at the uppermost layer of the entire vibration control structure, used for protecting the internal key components, improving the connection performance with the track, and realizing the sensing and energy recovery functions of the system operation state.

[0113] The rubber cover plate 5-1 is made of high-elasticity rubber material, has excellent wear resistance, waterproofness and buffering performance, is arranged at the outermost layer of the module, is used for covering and protecting the internal structure of the entire vibration control system, avoids damage caused by external mechanical impact, water vapor, dust and other factors, and can realize structural fusion by closely adhering to the bottom of the track.

[0114] The optical fiber displacement monitoring element 5-2 is embedded in the surface layer or the inside of the rubber cover plate 5-1, adopts the fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensing technology, and can perform high-sensitivity real-time monitoring on the slight displacement of the track caused by train operation.

[0115] In the embodiment, the optical fiber displacement monitoring element 5-2 senses the slight strain by the change of the wavelength of the optical signal, realizes real-time sensing of the track vibration, feeds back the displacement data to the control system, the control system analyzes based on the vibration frequency spectrum and amplitude characteristics, adjusts the stiffness and damping parameters of the vibration control system, thereby effectively reducing the vibration amplitude of the train track; at the same time, the flexible embedded design ensures the matching with the rubber material, and does not affect the overall performance of the surface layer.

[0116] Further, as shown in Figure 7 The piezoelectric conversion circuit 5-3 includes a piezoelectric conversion element 5-3-1, a silicone buffer layer 5-3-2 between the piezoelectric elements, an energy collection circuit 5-3-3, an energy collection standby circuit 5-3-4, a voltmeter 5-3-5, a switch 5-3-6, an aluminum-plastic composite film 5-3-7, a multi-channel signal summary module 5-3-8, and a parallel rectifier circuit 5-3-9.

[0117] In the embodiment, the piezoelectric conversion circuit 5-3 is used to capture and convert the mechanical energy generated in the vibration of the entire vibration control structure into electrical energy, supplement the energy of the monitoring unit or the control system, and realize partial recovery of the energy.

[0118] The piezoelectric conversion element 5-3-1 adopts a piezoelectric ceramic sheet in a hexagonal sheet structure combination embedded in the rubber cover plate 5-1, the sheet electrode surface is parallel to the track plane, and through the hexagonal honeycomb array layout, the conversion surface area can be significantly improved, and the track vibration energy in the frequency band of 1-100 Hz can be effectively captured.

[0119] As preferred, in this embodiment, PZT-5H piezoelectric ceramic sheet in d33 mode is used.

[0120] Preferably, the adjacent piezoelectric ceramic sheets are interconnected by 0.3mm silicone coated silver wire laser welding, the welding points are polyurethane filled, and after the conduction stability is verified> 99.5% through vibration test (EN 61373), it is put into engineering use.

[0121] The silicone buffer layer 5-3-2 between the piezoelectric elements is filled in the gap between the adjacent piezoelectric ceramic sheets, which is made of Shore A50 hardness silicone material and formed by vacuum injection molding process, which can effectively reduce mechanical crosstalk.

[0122] The energy harvesting circuit 5-3-3 is used as the main circuit in parallel circuit form. Through multiple parallel circuits, the load pressure of a single circuit can be reduced, the risk of single point failure is reduced, and flexible configuration and adjustment can be made according to actual needs to meet the energy conversion requirements under different vibration conditions.

[0123] The energy harvesting backup circuit 5-3-4 is used for double protection, and when the voltage of the main circuit is less than a certain value, it is automatically switched to the energy harvesting backup circuit 5-3-4 through the switch 5-3-6.

[0124] The voltmeter 5-3-5 adopts INA219 high-precision differential detection chip (error ±0.1%), which is used for real-time monitoring of the voltage state of the energy storage unit (including the energy harvesting circuit 5-3-3 and the energy harvesting backup circuit 5-3-4) and is transmitted to the multi-channel signal summary module.

[0125] The aluminum-plastic composite film 5-3-7 adopts 0.2mm aluminum-plastic composite vacuum packaging layer, which is verified by 5000 hours of damp heat aging (standard IEC 60068-2-78) and has a protection level of IP68.

[0126] The multi-channel signal summary module 5-3-8 realizes vibration spectrum analysis by built-in FFT+LMS algorithm, supports FRAM chip local storage of fault codes, and integrates RS-485 / NB-IoT dual-mode communication.

[0127] The energy harvesting circuit 5-3-3 and the energy harvesting backup circuit 5-3-4 are connected in parallel through the multi-channel signal summary module 5-3-8.

[0128] As preferred, in this embodiment, the parallel rectifier circuit 5-3-9 is selected as a double-channel SiC Schottky diode (C3D06060A) full-bridge structure, with an internal filter capacitor, for converting the alternating current generated by the piezoelectric element into direct current.

[0129] Embodiment two

[0130] A method for assembling the active isolation-passive damping-energy recovery integrated composite isolation wall of the application on a construction site is provided, which specifically comprises the following steps:

[0131] Step one, foundation preparation: reserve installation space and connecting bolt holes on the track foundation structure, ensure that the size of each module is adapted to the track structure; clean the installation area and keep it dry and tidy to ensure that the contact interface is free of impurities and oil stains.

[0132] Step two, install the bottom support element 4: position the bottom support element 4 at the predetermined position, connect and fix it with the track foundation through high-strength anchor bolts, and ensure that the overall structure has good load-bearing stability and installation plane accuracy.

[0133] Step three, install the passive vibration control module 3: place the pre-assembled passive vibration control module 3 above the bottom support element 4, connect the connecting and fixing element 3-1 with the bottom support element 4 using threaded connecting pieces, adjust the attitude of the passive vibration control module 3 to ensure horizontal stability, and if necessary, use shims for fine adjustment.

[0134] Step four, install the magnetorheological damper unit 1: install the magnetorheological damper unit 1 on the top of the passive vibration control module 3, screw it with the upper surface of the passive vibration control module 3 through the L-shaped connecting part 1-3, connect it with the piston rod 1-6 through the square connecting part 1-5, and rigidly connect the damper with the structure system through the fixing assembly.

[0135] Step five, install the linear motor displacement control unit 2: arrange the linear motor displacement control unit 2 adjacent to the magnetorheological damper unit 1, connect its upper surface with the passive vibration control module 3, connect its lower surface with the roller track 2-5 through the roller 2-4 to realize smooth linear motion, and connect it with the control system through the data communication interface 2-3.

[0136] Step six, install the top cover module 5: cover the entire vibration control structure with the rubber cover plate 5-1, and make it fit with the track structure through elastic clamps; embed the fiber displacement monitoring element 5-2 and the piezoelectric conversion circuit 5-3 into the surface layer of the rubber cover plate 5-1 and complete the data and power connection.

[0137] Step seven, connect each group of vibration control structures: expand the length of the bottom support element 4 and the rubber cover plate 5-1 in the direction of track operation through the connecting lock 6 to form an integrated composite isolation wall.

[0138] Step eight, system debugging and calibration: energize test on electromagnetic coil 1-2, displacement control linear motor element 2-1, optical fiber displacement monitoring element 5-2, etc., to ensure stable signal output and good magnetic field response.

[0139] The installed integrated composite isolation wall can adjust the stiffness and damping parameters of the vibration control system according to the dynamic response of the train track, so as to effectively reduce the vibration amplitude of the train track.

[0140] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application, and it should be noted that for ordinary skilled in the art, without departing from the principles of the present application, a number of improvements and refinements can be made, and these improvements and refinements should be considered as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An integrated composite isolation wall combining active isolation, passive attenuation, and energy recovery, characterized in that: It is formed by connecting several sets of vibration control structures, and suppresses train track vibration by constructing a multi-level vibration control system that coordinates active and passive vibration. Each vibration control structure includes: a magnetorheological damping unit (1), a linear motor displacement control unit (2), a passive vibration control module (3), a bottom support element (4), and a top cover module (5); The magnetorheological damping unit (1) and the linear motor displacement control unit (2) are used for active vibration regulation; The magnetorheological damping unit (1) is arranged on the side of the passive vibration control module (3), connected to the passive vibration control module (3), and based on the characteristics of the magnetorheological fluid (1-7) changing the flow resistance under the action of electromagnetic field, it provides variable damping force and dynamically adjusts vibration suppression under different working conditions. The linear motor displacement control unit (2) is arranged adjacent to the magnetorheological damping unit (1). Its upper surface is connected to the passive vibration control module (3), and its lower surface is connected to the roller track (2-5) through the roller (2-4). The roller track (2-5) is driven by electromagnetic force to precisely adjust its displacement, compensate for external disturbances, and realize active vibration control. The passive vibration control module (3) is located above the linear motor displacement control unit (2) and connected to the bottom support element (4). It performs passive vibration control through vibration reduction by flexible materials and vibration isolation by rigid materials. The roller track (2-5) is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the bottom support element (4), and the bottom support element (4) is fixedly connected to the track foundation; The top cover module (5) is located on the top of the vibration control structure and is closely connected to the train track. Vibration monitoring and vibration energy conversion are performed through the fiber optic displacement monitoring element (5-2) and the piezoelectric conversion circuit (5-3).

2. The integrated composite isolation wall with active isolation, passive attenuation, and energy recovery as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The magnetorheological damping unit (1) includes: a working cylinder (1-1), an electromagnetic coil (1-2), a connecting component, a piston (1-4), a piston rod (1-6), a magnetorheological fluid (1-7), and a protective cylinder (1-8); The working cylinder (1-1) is made of stainless steel and has a hollow cuboid structure. The piston (1-4) is placed inside the working cylinder (1-1) and slides along the axial direction of the working cylinder (1-1), dividing the internal space of the working cylinder (1-1) into two independent working chambers, upper and lower. The electromagnetic coil (1-2) is located outside the piston (1-4) and is sealed with rubber. It is used to generate an adjustable magnetic field under the control current input to excite the magnetorheological fluid (1-7) to respond. The magnetorheological fluid (1-7) is formed by dispersing nano-iron particles in mineral oil and filling the channel between the upper and lower working chambers to connect the two working chambers. The piston rod (1-6) is made of alloy and is connected to the upper part of the piston (1-4) by threads.

3. The integrated composite isolation wall with active isolation, passive attenuation, and energy recovery as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The connecting components include: L-shaped connecting components (1-3) and square connecting components (1-5); The L-shaped connecting component (1-3) is used to fix the working cylinder (1-1), and its end is connected to the passive vibration control module (3) by screws; One end of the square connecting component (1-5) is welded to the piston rod (1-6), and the other end is connected to the passive vibration control module (3) by screws; The protective cylinder (1-8) is made of high temperature and corrosion resistant material and is wrapped around the outer layer of the magnetorheological damping unit (1).

4. The integrated composite isolation wall with active isolation, passive attenuation, and energy recovery as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The linear motor displacement control unit (2) includes: a displacement control linear motor element (2-1), a displacement sensor (2-2), a data communication interface (2-3), a roller (2-4), and a roller track (2-5); The upper surface of the displacement control linear motor element (2-1) is connected to the passive vibration control module (3), and the lower surface is slidably connected to the roller track (2-5) via the roller (2-4) to generate linear driving force. Based on the principle of electromagnetic force, it outputs linear motion along a fixed direction to drive the overall structure to make precise displacement. The displacement sensor (2-2) is installed inside or outside the displacement control linear motor element (2-1) to acquire displacement status information in real time and feed it back to the control system through the data communication interface (2-3); The rollers (2-4) are made of high-strength alloy material and are driven by a roller control motor to make precise displacement adjustments along the roller track (2-5).

5. The integrated composite isolation wall with active isolation, passive attenuation, and energy recovery as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The passive vibration control module (3) includes: a passive vibration control unit (3-2), a shear resistance element (3-3), and a connecting and fixing element (3-1); There are four passive vibration control units (3-2), which are connected to four connecting and fixing elements (3-1) in a mutually perpendicular spatial arrangement to form an overall passive vibration control module (3); Each passive vibration control unit (3-2) is connected to two connecting and fixing elements (3-1) on both sides by several shear resistance elements (3-3), providing additional shear strength and auxiliary vibration absorption.

6. The integrated composite isolation wall with active isolation, passive attenuation, and energy recovery as described in claim 5, characterized in that, Each passive vibration control unit (3-2) includes: a rigid vibration isolation element (3-2-1) and a flexible embedded vibration damping element (3-2-2); The rigid vibration isolation element (3-2-1) is a hollow cuboid structure made of high-rigidity material, which provides structural support and isolates external impacts; The flexible embedded vibration damping element (3-2-2) is filled inside the rigid vibration isolation element (3-2-1) and is made of a high-damping elastic material. Under the action of vibration load, it undergoes controllable deformation to isolate and attenuate vibration.

7. The integrated composite isolation wall with active isolation, passive attenuation, and energy recovery as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The shear resistance element (3-3) includes: an outer compression spring (3-3-1), an inner compression spring (3-3-2), a fixed base (3-3-3), an anti-shear element (3-3-4), and a high-strength screw (3-3-5); The outer compression spring (3-3-1) and the inner compression spring (3-3-2) are respectively disposed on both sides of the shear-resistant element (3-3-4), and dissipate energy through elastic deformation under the action of external shear force; The fixed base (3-3-3) is connected to the shear-resistant element (3-3-4) on one side by a high-strength screw (3-3-5), and is fixedly connected to the track structure on the other side.

8. The integrated composite isolation wall with active isolation, passive attenuation, and energy recovery as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The top cover module (5) includes: a rubber cover plate (5-1), an optical fiber displacement monitoring element (5-2), and a piezoelectric conversion circuit (5-3); The rubber cover (5-1) is made of highly elastic rubber material, which protects and covers the entire vibration control structure and fits tightly against the bottom of the track; The fiber optic displacement monitoring element (5-2) is embedded in the surface of the rubber cover plate (5-1). It uses the fiber optic grating sensing method to sense the deformation and displacement of the track in real time and transmits the data to the control system for real-time monitoring and early warning of the train track status. The piezoelectric conversion circuit (5-3) adopts a sheet structure and is embedded in the middle of the rubber cover plate (5-1) to collect and transmit the generated charge, and convert vibration energy into electrical energy through the piezoelectric effect.

9. The integrated composite isolation wall with active isolation, passive attenuation, and energy recovery as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The piezoelectric conversion circuit (5-3) includes: a piezoelectric conversion element (5-3-1), a silicone buffer layer between piezoelectric elements (5-3-2), an energy harvesting circuit (5-3-3), an energy harvesting backup circuit (5-3-4), a voltmeter (5-3-5), a switch (5-3-6), an aluminum-plastic composite film (5-3-7), a multi-channel signal aggregation module (5-3-8), and a parallel rectifier circuit (5-3-9); The piezoelectric conversion element (5-3-1) uses several hexagonal sheet-like piezoelectric ceramic sheets, which are embedded in the rubber cover plate (5-1) in a honeycomb array. The sheet-like electrode surfaces are arranged parallel to the track plane, and adjacent piezoelectric ceramic sheets are interconnected by laser welding with silicone-coated silver wires. The welding points are encapsulated with polyurethane. The silicone buffer layer (5-3-2) between the piezoelectric elements is formed by vacuum injection molding and fills the gap between adjacent piezoelectric ceramic sheets; The energy harvesting circuit (5-3-3) and the backup energy harvesting circuit (5-3-4) are connected in parallel and are automatically switched by a switch (5-3-6). The voltage status of the energy harvesting circuit (5-3-3) and the backup energy harvesting circuit (5-3-4) is monitored in real time by a voltmeter (5-3-5) and transmitted to the multi-channel signal aggregation module (5-3-8). The multi-channel signal aggregation module (5-3-8) is connected to the parallel rectifier circuit (5-3-9) and is used to convert the alternating current generated by the piezoelectric conversion element (5-3-1) into direct current. The aluminum-plastic composite film (5-3-7) is a 0.2mm aluminum-plastic composite vacuum encapsulation layer that covers the surface of the piezoelectric conversion element (5-3-1); The multi-channel signal aggregation module (5-3-8) incorporates an FFT+LMS algorithm for vibration spectrum analysis, stores fault codes locally via an FRAM chip, and integrates RS-485 / NB-IoT dual-mode communication.

10. The integrated composite isolation wall with active isolation, passive attenuation, and energy recovery as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a connecting latch (6) for extending the length of the bottom support element (4) and the rubber cover plate (5-1) in the track running direction, connecting each group of vibration control structures to form an integrated composite isolation wall; The bottom support element (4) is an integrally formed rectangular structure used to provide stable support and structural expansion.

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