Prefabricated building concrete prefabricated component and grouting construction process

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of concrete prefabricated components, in particular to a fabricated building concrete prefabricated component and a grouting construction process, which comprises a root section used for fixed connection with a building main structure, a tip section used as a cantilever part of the building, and a connecting section arranged between the root section and the tip section and made of heat insulation material; convex strips are arranged on the butt joint sides of the root section and the tip section respectively, and grooves matched with the convex strips are arranged on the two sides of the connecting section. The connecting section is made of heat insulation material, which completely physically blocks the direct connection between the concrete entities of the root section and the tip section, eliminates the most important and most efficient heat transfer channel, although metal connecting pieces are reserved to ensure the structural strength, the new heat transfer path is greatly lengthened and complicated, and in the path, the sectional area of the connecting steel bars is far smaller than that of the whole concrete slab, and the heat flow is limited.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of precast concrete components, and in particular to a precast concrete component for assembled buildings and a grouting construction process. Background Technology

[0002] In prefabricated buildings, the installation of cantilever components such as precast balconies and air conditioning panels generally adopts the construction method of post-installation joints. Specifically, the prefabricated integral concrete balcony slabs in the factory are connected and anchored to the main building structure (such as shear walls and beams) through embedded parts or exposed steel bars, and a joint is left between the outer edge of the component and the surface of the main structure. This joint is usually filled with elastic sealant. To cope with the deformation caused by temperature changes, expansion joint grooves are sometimes preset on the surface of the integral balcony slab. However, this is only a surface treatment and does not completely disconnect the component from the structure.

[0003] However, the existing practices described above have a fundamental flaw: they fail to address the thermal bridging problem inherent in precast components. As a complete concrete structure, a precast balcony slab has one part cantilevered outdoors and the other (anchored end) inevitably extends indoors and connects to the main structure. Concrete's high thermal conductivity makes the entire balcony slab a highly efficient heat conduction channel, severely weakening the integrity of the building's exterior wall insulation system. The expansion joint grooves or sealants pre-drilled on the surface can only release some deformation stress or provide edge waterproofing, but they offer no protection against heat conduction through the concrete cross-section. This highly efficient thermal bridging effect leads to a significant increase in building energy consumption and causes condensation and mold growth at the connection between the interior walls and the balcony slab during cold seasons, severely impacting the building's energy efficiency and indoor environmental quality. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the problem of efficient thermal bridging formed by the concrete body of prefabricated balcony components in the prior art has not been effectively solved, resulting in high building energy consumption and easy to cause hidden dangers such as condensation and mold.

[0005] The above-mentioned technical problems are solved by the following technical solution: This invention proposes a precast concrete component for prefabricated buildings, including a root section for fixed connection with the main structure of the building; a tip section as the cantilever part of the building; and a connecting section disposed between the root section and the tip section, and made of heat-insulating material; the mating sides of the root section and the tip section are respectively provided with protruding strips, and the two sides of the connecting section are respectively provided with grooves that match the protruding strips; multiple rows of through insertion holes are opened vertically on the mating surfaces of the protruding strips and the grooves; a steel box is embedded inside the connecting section, the steel box is connected to the insertion holes, and a grouting port is opened on the top of the steel box.

[0006] In a preferred embodiment of the precast concrete component for prefabricated buildings according to the present invention: the cross-section of the connecting section and the steel box is "I" shaped, and the cross-section of the protruding strip is trapezoidal, and the cross-section of the groove is a matching trapezoidal.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment of the precast concrete component for prefabricated buildings according to the present invention: a plurality of connecting steel bars are provided inside the root section and the tip section, wherein the connecting steel bars protrude from the mating side of the convex strip.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the precast concrete component for prefabricated buildings according to the present invention: the connecting steel bars of the root section and the connecting steel bars of the tip section are staggered after being inserted into the steel box.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the precast concrete component for prefabricated building of the present invention: the insertion hole includes a first type of insertion hole for inserting connecting steel bars and a second type of insertion hole for inserting pin steel bars, wherein the first type of insertion hole is arranged horizontally; and the second type of insertion hole is arranged vertically.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the precast concrete component for prefabricated buildings described in this invention: the same second type of insertion hole is divided into a first hole, a second hole, a third hole, and a fourth hole from top to bottom in the steel box.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the precast concrete component for prefabricated buildings according to the present invention: the depth of the second type of insertion hole is greater than the length of the pin reinforcement, so that after the pin reinforcement is inserted, the first hole in the second type of insertion hole forms an overflow space above the pin reinforcement.

[0012] The above-mentioned technical problems are solved by the following technical solution: This invention also proposes a grouting construction process for precast concrete components of assembled buildings, including the aforementioned precast concrete components of assembled buildings, and including the following steps:

[0013] S1: Factory pre-assembly, insert the protrusion of the tip section into the groove on one side of the connecting section, align the insertion hole on the protrusion with the insertion hole on the groove, insert the pin steel bar to complete the mechanical locking of the tip section and the connecting section, forming a pre-assembled component;

[0014] S2: On-site assembly: hoist the pre-assembled components to the site, align the groove on the other side of the connecting section with the protrusion of the pre-embedded root section and insert it, and similarly insert the pin steel bar to complete the mechanical locking of the root section and the connecting section;

[0015] S3: Grouting and curing. Grout is injected into the steel box through the grouting port until the grout fills the steel box and all the gaps between the insertion holes and the reinforcing bars, and overflows from the preset overflow holes. The overflow holes are sealed in sequence, and the grout solidifies to form an integral structure.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the grouting construction process for precast concrete components of assembled buildings described in this invention: in steps S1 and S2, when inserting the protruding strip, the connecting steel bar on the protruding strip is inserted first into the corresponding insertion hole on the groove, which plays a guiding and preliminary positioning role.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the grouting construction process for precast concrete components of assembled buildings described in this invention: In step S3, the overflow hole is the first hole of the second type of insertion hole. During grouting, the grout overflows from each of the first holes in sequence, and the worker immediately seals it with a plug until the last first hole overflows with grout and is sealed, indicating that the grouting is completed.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: First, it fundamentally and effectively solves the problem of high-efficiency thermal bridging in precast cantilever components, achieving excellent building energy-saving effects. The connecting section is made of thermal insulation material, which physically and completely blocks the direct connection between the concrete solid between the root section and the tip section, eliminating the most important and efficient heat transfer channel. Although metal connectors (reinforcing bars, steel boxes) are retained to ensure structural strength, the new heat transfer path (concrete tip section → connecting reinforcing bars → grout → steel box → grout → connecting reinforcing bars → concrete root section) is greatly extended and complicated. In this path, the cross-sectional area of ​​the connecting reinforcing bars is much smaller than that of the integral concrete slab, resulting in limited heat flow; at the same time, the low thermal conductivity of the cement-based grout further increases the thermal resistance. This is equivalent to transforming a high-efficiency "solid concrete thermal bridge" into a high-resistance, "thin and tortuous" heat transfer path, thereby significantly reducing the overall heat transfer coefficient and effectively preventing condensation and mold growth on interior walls, meeting the stringent requirements of building energy-saving codes.

[0019] Secondly, a high degree of unity between structural safety and integrity is achieved. This design restores structural strength while ensuring thermal insulation through a progressive scheme of "structural disconnection" and "functional reconnection." Specifically, the built-in "I"-shaped steel box and grouting system constitute the key support: after the grout solidifies, the staggered root and tip connecting steel bars are fixed into a whole within the steel box cavity, forming a rigid node with a clear force transmission path. The load is reliably transmitted through the path of "tip connecting steel bar → grout body → root connecting steel bar." At the same time, the "I"-shaped cross-section provides a multi-dimensional three-dimensional space for the grout, ensuring high density, while the trapezoidal cross-section of the convex strip and the groove provides good shear resistance.

[0020] Third, it improves the convenience, inspectability, and reliability of construction. This effect is attributed to the modular three-section design and the combination of mechanical insertion and grouting curing. First, the two types of insertion holes (the first type of horizontal insertion hole for guidance and main force transmission, and the second type of vertical insertion hole for quick mechanical locking of the pin reinforcement) enable rapid alignment and temporary stability of components, simplifying the installation process. Second, the unique overflow hole design (the "first hole" formed by the upper part of the second type of insertion hole with a depth greater than that of the pin reinforcement) provides a visual means of detecting the grouting process: the grout overflows sequentially from each first hole as a clear signal of grouting completion, ensuring that the steel box and all gaps are filled tightly, greatly improving the reliability and controllability of construction quality, and avoiding potential quality hazards in hidden works. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below only relate to some embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Wherein:

[0022] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the precast concrete components of this prefabricated building.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a side view of the precast concrete components of this prefabricated building.

[0024] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along the AA direction;

[0025] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along the BB direction.

[0026] In the picture:

[0027] 1. Root section; 2. Tip section; 3. Connecting section; 4. Raised strip; 5. Groove; 6. Insertion hole; 61. Type I insertion hole; 62. Type II insertion hole; 621. First hole; 622. Second hole; 623. Third hole; 624. Fourth hole; 7. Steel box; 8. Grouting port; 9. Connecting reinforcing bar; 10. Pin reinforcing bar. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0029] The terminology used in this invention is that which is currently widely used in the art in consideration of the function of the invention; however, these terms may vary according to the intent of those skilled in the art, precedent, or new technology in the art. Furthermore, specific terms may be chosen by the applicant, and in such cases, their detailed meanings will be described in the detailed description of the invention. Therefore, the terms used in this specification should not be construed as simple names, but rather based on their meanings and the overall description of the invention.

[0030] Reference Figures 1-4 This embodiment provides a precast concrete component for prefabricated buildings, including a root section 1 for fixed connection with the main building structure; a tip section 2 as the cantilevered part of the building; and a connecting section 3, which is located between the root section 1 and the tip section 2 and is made of heat-insulating material. The root section 1 and the tip section 2 are respectively provided with protruding strips 4 on their mating sides, and the connecting section 3 is provided with corresponding grooves 5 on both sides that match the protruding strips 4. Multiple rows of through-holes 6 are opened vertically on the mating surfaces of the protruding strips 4 and the grooves 5. A steel box 7 is embedded inside the connecting section 3, the steel box 7 is connected to the through-holes 6, and a grouting port 8 is opened on the top of the steel box 7.

[0031] This precast concrete component for prefabricated buildings is particularly suitable for cantilevered components such as precast balconies and air conditioning panels that need to protrude from the main building structure. The key to this precast component is that it effectively blocks the heat transfer path while ensuring a reliable mechanical connection between the precast component and the main structure through a "thermal bridge" structure, thereby solving the thermal bridging problem that exists in traditional precast components.

[0032] This precast component mainly consists of three parts: root section 1, tip section 2, and connecting section 3. Root section 1 is a precast concrete component, pre-embedded with reinforcing bars or embedded parts for connection to the main building structure (such as shear walls or beams) during factory prefabrication. Its function is to serve as the load-bearing foundation of the entire cantilever component, ultimately transferring the load to the main structure. A protruding strip 4 is provided on the side of root section 1 facing connecting section 3. Tip section 2 is also a precast concrete component, forming the cantilevered part of the building, such as the floor of a balcony. A corresponding protruding strip 4 is also provided on the side facing connecting section 3. Connecting section 3 is made of thermal insulation material, such as high-strength engineering plastics, fiber-reinforced composite materials, or foamed cement, which have low thermal conductivity. The vertical cross-section of connecting section 3 is preferably I-shaped to balance structural rigidity, lightweight design, and ease of insertion and locking.

[0033] On both sides of the web of the connecting section 3, grooves 5 matching the shape of the protrusions 4 are provided. The mating surfaces of the protrusions 4 and the grooves 5 preferably have a trapezoidal cross-section to facilitate guidance during insertion and provide good shear resistance. To achieve a reliable connection between the three sections, multiple rows of through insertion holes 6 of the first type 61 are provided on the mating surfaces of the protrusions 4 and the grooves 5 in the vertical direction (i.e., perpendicular to the cantilever direction). To further enhance the overall structural integrity, a steel box 7 is embedded in the internal cavity of the "I"-shaped connecting section 3. The steel box 7 is preferably also "I"-shaped to maximize its contact area with the grouting material. Crucially, all the insertion holes 6 penetrate the wall thickness of the connecting section 3 and are connected to the internal cavity of the steel box 7. One or more grouting ports 8 are provided on the top of the steel box 7.

[0034] In this implementation plan, the thermal insulation material used in the connecting section 3 must simultaneously meet the requirements of structural load-bearing capacity and efficient thermal insulation. Its key performance parameters are as follows: Compressive strength: not less than 40 MPa, to ensure it can withstand the load transmitted by the balcony cantilever structure without damage. Thermal conductivity: not higher than 0.5 W / (m·K), to effectively block thermal bridges and meet building energy-saving design standards. Flexural strength and modulus of elasticity: matching the mechanical properties of the grout after solidification, ensuring that the load can be effectively transferred between the root section 1 and the tip section 2 through the connecting section 3. Specific material example: A preferred embodiment is the use of fiber-reinforced cementitious composite material (FRC). For example, polypropylene fibers or PVA fibers can be incorporated, which not only significantly improves the material's toughness and crack resistance, but also allows its thermal conductivity to be stably maintained in the lower range of 0.3-0.5 W / (m·K), and its compressive strength to be formulated to over 50 MPa, perfectly meeting the above performance requirements. Another implementation method is to use high-strength engineering plastics (such as reinforced nylon PA66 or polyether ether ketone PEEK) for injection molding. These materials have extremely high strength-to-weight ratio and extremely low thermal conductivity (typically 0.2-0.3 W / (m·K)), and can meet stiffness requirements through structural design (such as I-shaped cross-sections).

[0035] The installation and connection of this prefabricated component follows the principles of modularization and assembly. Its core lies in achieving rapid assembly and structural integration of the three-section component through a combination of mechanical interlocking and internal grouting curing. Firstly, the tip section 2 and the connecting section 3 are mechanically locked together using the interlocking of protrusions 4 and grooves 5, forming a pre-assembled component. Then, on-site, this component is connected and locked to the pre-embedded root section 1 in the same manner, completing the assembly of the entire component. Finally, grout is injected into the steel box 7 inside the connecting section 3, filling all connection gaps. After solidification, all connecting reinforcing bars 9 are fixed together to form a reliable rigid node. This process ensures that the load can be effectively transferred from the tip section 2 to the root section 1, while the connecting section 3, made of thermal insulation material, completely blocks the heat conduction path between concrete components, thus perfectly solving the thermal bridging problem while ensuring structural safety.

[0036] By using the connecting section 3 made of thermal insulation material, the direct contact between the root section 1 and the tip section 2 concrete is fundamentally blocked, eliminating the most important heat transfer channel. Although the steel bars and steel box 7 necessary for structural connection will still conduct heat, the new heat transfer path (concrete tip section 2 → connecting steel bar 9 → grout → steel box 7 → grout → connecting steel bar 9 → concrete root section 1) is greatly extended and complicated. In this path, the cross-sectional area of ​​the connecting steel bar 9 is much smaller than that of the overall concrete slab, resulting in limited heat flow. At the same time, the low thermal conductivity of the cement-based grout further increases the thermal resistance. This is equivalent to transforming a highly efficient "solid concrete thermal bridge" into a high-resistance, "thin and tortuous" heat transfer path, thereby significantly reducing the overall heat transfer coefficient. This can effectively solve the problems of condensation and mold on interior walls and meet the requirements of building energy conservation standards.

[0037] Firstly, by using the connecting segment 3 made of thermal insulation material, the concrete solid connection between the root segment 1 and the tip segment 2 is physically and completely severed, fundamentally solving the thermal bridging problem. Building upon this, to compensate for the strength reduction caused by the structural break, an internal steel box 7 and a grouting connection method are introduced. The aim is to reconstruct a high-strength rigid connection node within the connecting segment 3 under the premise of "breakage," and to solidify the reinforcing bars on both sides into a whole through grouting and curing. This ensures excellent thermal insulation performance while restoring and guaranteeing the structural integrity and load-bearing capacity.

[0038] Both the connecting section 3 and the steel box 7 have an "I" shaped cross section, and the protruding strip 4 has a trapezoidal cross section, while the groove 5 has a matching trapezoidal cross section. The insertion hole 6 includes a first type of insertion hole 61 for inserting the connecting steel bar 9 and a second type of insertion hole 62 for inserting the pin steel bar 10, wherein the first type of insertion hole 61 is horizontally arranged; and the second type of insertion hole 62 is vertically arranged.

[0039] It should be noted that the cross-section of the connecting section 3 and the steel box 7 embedded inside it is preferably set as "I" shape. This design has multiple advantages: First, the "I" shaped cross-section can save materials and reduce the weight of components while ensuring the vertical bending stiffness of the structure. Second, this shape provides a multi-dimensional three-dimensional flow space and optimized venting path for the grout. This shape ensures that the grout can fully and evenly wrap all the connecting steel bars 9 to form a high-density grout body. At the same time, the "I" shaped structure significantly increases the contact and interlocking area between the grout body and the steel box 7 and the inner wall of the connecting section 3 through the cooperation of its web and flange. Thus, after curing, it forms an integral rigid node with excellent mechanical properties and a clear force transmission path, which greatly improves the reliability and integrity of the connection node. Finally, the horizontal notches on both sides of the "I" shape make it easy to directly insert the protrusions 4 during assembly without the need for other complicated locking actions, making assembly simple, direct, convenient and quick.

[0040] Furthermore, the vertical cross-section of the protrusion 4 is trapezoidal, and the vertical cross-section of the groove 5 is a matching trapezoidal. This trapezoidal mating surface can play a good guiding role during the insertion process, making the connection smoother and more accurate.

[0041] Regarding the further arrangement of the insertion holes 6, there are two types: a first type of insertion hole 61 and a second type of insertion hole 62. The first type of insertion hole 61 is horizontally arranged (i.e., along the cantilever direction of the component), and its main function is to allow the insertion of connecting steel bars 9. These steel bars serve as guides and preliminary positioning in the initial stage of insertion, and become the main force transmission components after grouting and curing. The second type of insertion hole 62 is vertically arranged (i.e., perpendicular to the cantilever direction of the component). It is used to insert the pin steel bars 10 after the protrusion 4 and the groove 5 are in place. The pin steel bars 10 are used to achieve rapid mechanical locking, forming a stable temporary structure before grouting, ensuring the safety and convenience of the construction process. These two types of insertion holes 6 are spatially staggered and functionally complementary, together forming an efficient and reliable connection in both the horizontal and vertical directions.

[0042] Both the root section 1 and the tip section 2 are equipped with several connecting steel bars 9, which protrude from the mating side of the convex strip 4. The connecting steel bars 9 of the root section 1 and the connecting steel bars 9 of the tip section 2 are staggered after being inserted into the steel box 7.

[0043] It should be noted that several connecting steel bars 9 are pre-embedded inside the concrete of both the root section 1 and the tip section 2. One end of these connecting steel bars 9 is anchored inside the component, while the other end extends out and is fixed to the mating side of their respective protrusions 4. They protrude from the surface of the protrusions 4 before the components are joined. When the root section 1 and the tip section 2 are respectively joined to the connecting section 3, their respective protruding connecting steel bars 9 will be inserted from both sides and extend into the cavity of the steel box 7 inside the connecting section 3. The connecting steel bars 9 of the root section 1 and the tip section 2 can be pre-arranged with different patterns; for example, the spacing between the steel bars in the root section 1 is 150mm, and that in the tip section 2 is 140mm, to achieve an alternating arrangement.

[0044] The connecting steel bars 9 extending from the root section 1 and the connecting steel bars 9 extending from the tip section 2 are arranged in a staggered manner within the cavity of the steel box 7. The primary function of this staggered arrangement is to ensure that the steel bars on both sides do not interfere with each other in space and can be installed smoothly. More importantly, in the subsequent grouting process, this staggered layout, once the grout has solidified, firmly connects the staggered steel bars together with the solid grout, thus forming an efficient and reliable indirect force transmission path. This smoothly transfers the load from the tip section 2 to the root section 1, ultimately ensuring the structural integrity and mechanical performance of the entire node.

[0045] Within the steel box 7, the same type II insertion hole 62 is divided into four holes from top to bottom: the first hole 621, the second hole 622, the third hole 623, and the fourth hole 624. The depth of the type II insertion hole 62 is greater than the length of the pin reinforcing bar 10, so that after the pin reinforcing bar 10 is inserted, grout overflows above the first hole 621 within the type II insertion hole 62.

[0046] It should be noted that the I-shaped steel box 7 includes a central longitudinal chamber and two upper and lower transverse chambers. A single second-type insertion hole 62 intersects both chambers perpendicularly, creating two openings in the upper transverse chamber (the first hole 621 and the second hole 622) and two openings in the lower transverse chamber (the third hole 623 and the fourth hole 624). When the pin steel bar 10 is inserted into the second-type insertion hole 62, it passes through and seals the fourth hole 624, the third hole 623, and the second hole 622. Only the first hole 621 is exposed due to insufficient length, serving as an overflow and venting channel for subsequent grouting. Construction workers can then visually observe the grout overflow and immediately seal the hole with a special plug. This design not only ensures that the grout completely fills all gaps and vents air, guaranteeing the tightness and integrity of the connection, but also provides a clear and reliable visual basis for construction quality inspection. At the same time, this setting can seal the upper end of the pin steel bar 10 with grout, preventing the pin steel bar 10 from being removed and affecting the stability and firmness of the entire splice.

[0047] The further pin bar 10 can be set as a cone shape, with one end having a larger diameter than the other end. The diameters of the first hole 621, the second hole 622, the third hole 623, and the fourth hole 624 gradually decrease from large to small. In this way, when the pin bar 10 is inserted into the second type of insertion hole 62, the pin bar 10 automatically engages and locks with the second hole 622, the third hole 623, and the fourth hole 624.

[0048] Reference Figures 1-4 A grouting construction process for precast concrete components of assembled buildings, comprising precast concrete components of assembled buildings, and including the following steps:

[0049] S1: Factory pre-assembly, insert the protrusion 4 of the tip section 2 into the groove 5 on one side of the connecting section 3, and align the insertion hole 6 on the protrusion 4 with the insertion hole 6 on the groove 5. Insert the pin steel bar 10 to complete the mechanical locking between the tip section 2 and the connecting section 3, forming a pre-assembled component.

[0050] S2: On-site assembly: hoist the pre-assembled components to the site, align the groove 5 on the other side of the connecting section 3 with the protrusion 4 of the pre-embedded root section 1 and insert it, and similarly insert the pin steel bar 10 to complete the mechanical locking of the root section 1 and the connecting section 3.

[0051] S3: Grouting and curing: Grouting material is injected into the steel box 7 through the grouting port 8 until the grout fills the steel box 7 and the gaps between all the insertion holes 6 and the reinforcing bars, and overflows from the preset overflow holes. The overflow holes are sealed in sequence, and the grout solidifies to form an integral structure.

[0052] In steps S1 and S2, when inserting the protruding strip 4, the connecting steel bar 9 on the protruding strip 4 is inserted first into the corresponding insertion hole 6 on the groove 5, serving as a guide and initial positioning function. In step S3, the overflow hole is the first hole 621 of the second type of insertion hole 62. During grouting, the grout overflows from each of the first holes 621 in sequence, and the worker immediately seals it with a plug until the last first hole 621 overflows with grout and is sealed, indicating that the grouting is complete.

[0053] It should be noted that the high-strength, non-shrink grout used in the grouting and curing step has a 28-day compressive strength of not less than 60 MPa and an initial flowability of greater than 300 mm to ensure that it can fully fill all tiny gaps. The grouting process is carried out using a dedicated grouting pump, with the grouting pressure controlled within the range of 0.3 MPa to 0.6 MPa. Too low a pressure will not ensure a dense filling of the gaps at the far end of the steel box 7; too high a pressure may exceed the bearing capacity of the connecting section 3 made of insulation material, leading to deformation or damage. By controlling the pressure within this optimized range, both grout density and component safety can be ensured. The sealing of the overflow holes must be carried out after the grout has continuously and stably overflowed from the holes to ensure that all air below the holes has been completely expelled. After all overflow holes are sealed, pressure must be maintained for a short time before grouting can be stopped.

[0054] Reference Figures 1-4 The specific assembly grouting construction process of this application is as follows:

[0055] The assembly and grouting construction process of the precast concrete components (precast balconies) of this building mainly includes three stages: factory pre-assembly, on-site final assembly and grouting curing.

[0056] Phase 1: Factory pre-assembly (connection of tip section 2 and connecting section 3).

[0057] The protrusion 4 of the tip section 2 is aligned with the groove 5 on one side of the connecting section 3 and inserted. Several connecting steel bars 9 pre-fixed on the protrusion 4 serve as guide rods. During the insertion process, the protrusion 4 is first inserted into the corresponding first type of insertion hole 61 in the groove 5 to achieve initial positioning and guidance. The insertion continues until the protrusion 4 is fully embedded in the groove 5. At this time, the second type of insertion hole 62 on the protrusion 4 and the second type of insertion hole 62 on the groove 5 on the same side of the connecting section 3 are automatically and precisely aligned. Then, the pin steel bars 10 are inserted one by one into the aligned second type of insertion hole 62 to complete the mechanical locking of the tip section 2 and the connecting section 3, forming a pre-assembled component of "tip section 2-connecting section 3", which can be transported to the construction site.

[0058] Phase 2: On-site assembly (connecting with the pre-embedded root section 1).

[0059] The pre-assembled components are hoisted to the site, aligning the groove 5 on the other side of the connecting section 3 with the protrusion 4 of the root section 1, which is already embedded in the main structure of the building. The above-mentioned insertion process of the tip section 2 and the connecting section 3 is repeated: the "tip section 2-connecting section 3" component is pushed forward, so that the connecting steel bar 9 on the protrusion 4 of the root section 1 is first inserted into the first type of insertion hole 61 on the corresponding side of the connecting section 3 for guidance and positioning. After it is fully in place, the pin steel bar 10 is inserted into the aligned second type of insertion hole 62 to complete the mechanical locking of the root section 1 and the connecting section 3. At this point, the three-section components form a complete temporary stable structure.

[0060] The third stage: Grouting and structural integration.

[0061] High-strength, non-shrink grout is injected into the steel box 7, which has an "I"-shaped internal cross-section, through the grouting port 8 at the top of the connecting section 3. The steel box 7 contains a central longitudinal chamber and two upper and lower transverse chambers. Each second type of insertion hole 62 vertically penetrates the upper and lower transverse chambers, thus forming a first hole 621, a second hole 622, a third hole 623, and a fourth hole 624 from top to bottom inside the steel box 7. After the insertion of the pin steel bar 10, its length is sufficient to block the lower fourth hole 624, the third hole 623, and the second hole 622. However, since the total depth of the second type of insertion hole 62 is greater than the length of the pin steel bar 10, the uppermost first hole 621 remains unobstructed, forming a natural overflow and venting channel.

[0062] During grouting, the grout fills the cavity of the steel box 7 under pressure and flows into the gaps between all the insertion holes 6 and the reinforcing bars. As the grout level rises, it overflows from the first hole 621 of each second type insertion hole 62 in sequence. The construction workers then use special plugs to seal the overflow holes one by one until the last first hole 621 overflows and is sealed, indicating that the steel box 7 and all connection gaps have been completely and densely filled. After the grout solidifies, all the connecting reinforcing bars 9 in the steel box 7 (the connecting reinforcing bars 9 of the root section 1 and the tip section 2 are staggered) are solidified into a unified load-bearing whole by the solidified grout.

[0063] Ultimately, the load transfer path is as follows: the load of the tip section 2 is transferred to the grout in the steel box 7 through its connecting steel bar 9, and then transferred to the connecting steel bar 9 of the root section 1 through the grout, and finally transferred to the main body of the building, thus forming a prefabricated balcony system with complete structure, rigid connection, and effective thermal bridge blocking through the thermal insulation connection section 3.

[0064] Finally, it should be noted that the methods and devices described in detail above are merely embodiments, and those skilled in the art can modify these embodiments in different ways as long as they do not depart from the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A prefabricated construction concrete element, characterized in that: include: The root section (1) is used for fixed connection with the main building structure; The tip section (2) serves as the cantilevered portion of the building; The connecting section (3) is disposed between the root section (1) and the tip section (2) and is made of heat-insulating material; The root section (1) and the tip section (2) are respectively provided with protrusions (4), and the two sides of the connecting section (3) are respectively provided with grooves (5) that match the protrusions (4). On the mating surfaces of the protrusion (4) and the groove (5), multiple rows of through insertion holes (6) are opened in the vertical direction. A steel box (7) is embedded inside the connecting section (3). The steel box (7) is connected to the insertion hole (6), and a grouting port (8) is opened on the top of the steel box (7). Both the root section (1) and the tip section (2) are provided with a number of connecting steel bars (9), wherein the connecting steel bars (9) protrude from the mating side of the convex strip (4). The insertion hole (6) includes a first type of insertion hole (61) for inserting the connecting steel bar (9) and a second type of insertion hole (62) for inserting the pin steel bar (10). The first type of insertion hole (61) is arranged horizontally; the second type of insertion hole (62) is arranged vertically. The same second type of insertion hole (62) is divided into a first hole (621), a second hole (622), a third hole (623) and a fourth hole (624) from top to bottom in the steel box (7). The depth of the second type of insertion hole (62) is greater than the length of the pin steel bar (10), so that after the pin steel bar (10) is inserted, the first hole (621) in the second type of insertion hole (62) forms an overflow space above the pin steel bar (10).

2. The prefabricated component according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-sections of the connecting section (3) and the steel box (7) are both "I" shaped, and the cross-section of the protrusion (4) is trapezoidal, and the cross-section of the groove (5) is a matching trapezoidal.

3. The prefabricated component according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting steel bars (9) of the root section (1) and the connecting steel bars (9) of the tip section (2) are staggered after being inserted into the steel box (7).

4. A constructional concrete prefabricated component grouting construction process, characterized by: Including the precast concrete components for assembled buildings as described in claim 1, and including the following steps: S1: Factory pre-assembly, insert the protrusion (4) of the tip section (2) into the groove (5) on one side of the connecting section (3), and align the insertion hole (6) on the protrusion (4) with the insertion hole (6) on the groove (5), insert the pin steel bar (10) to complete the mechanical locking of the tip section (2) and the connecting section (3) to form a pre-assembled component; S2: On-site assembly, hoist the pre-assembled components to the site, align the groove (5) on the other side of the connecting section (3) with the protrusion (4) of the pre-embedded root section (1) and insert it, and similarly insert the pin steel bar (10) to complete the mechanical locking of the root section (1) and the connecting section (3). S3: Grouting and curing: Grouting material is injected into the steel box (7) through the grouting port (8) until the grout fills the gap between the steel box (7) and all the insertion holes (6) and the reinforcing bars, and overflows from the preset overflow hole. The overflow hole is sealed in sequence, and the grout solidifies to form an integral structure.

5. The prefabricated building concrete prefabricated component grouting construction process according to claim 4, characterized in that: In steps S1 and S2, when the convex strip (4) is inserted, the connecting steel bars (9) on the convex strip (4) are firstly inserted into the corresponding insertion holes (6) in the grooves (5), thereby playing a guiding and preliminary positioning role.

6. The prefabricated building concrete prefabricated component grouting construction process according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S3, the overflow holes are the first holes (621) of the second type of insertion holes (62), and the grout is overflowed from each first hole (621) in turn during grouting, and the worker immediately plugs the first hole (621) with a plug until the last first hole (621) is overflowed with grout and plugged, indicating that the grouting is completed.

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