Hydraulic oil cylinder of multi-stage pressure compensation piston structure

Abstract

The invention discloses a hydraulic oil cylinder of a multistage pressure compensation piston structure, which comprises an oil cylinder body, a piston block, an abutting piece, a hydraulic shaft which is fixedly connected with the piston block and penetrates through one end of the oil cylinder body, a sleeve of a circular truncated cone structure, a plurality of inserting grooves, an inserting cylinder, a first movable plate and a second movable plate, the first movable plates and the second movable plates are connected through abutting pieces, and every two adjacent second movable plates are connected through abutting pieces. The first movable plate moves to drive the inserting barrels to be inserted into the corresponding inserting grooves one by one from outside to inside, and the flow diameter in the oil cylinder body is changed. According to the hydraulic oil cylinder, the multiple stages of inserting cylinders and the corresponding inserting grooves are arranged and are inserted one by one, multi-stage adjustment of the flow diameter in the oil cylinder is achieved, in this way, the hydraulic oil cylinder can automatically adjust the flow diameter according to the system pressure and flow requirements, the overall energy efficiency of the system is improved, and the application range of the hydraulic oil cylinder is widened; the method is suitable for more complex industrial scenes.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of hydraulic cylinder pressure compensation structure, in particular to a multi-stage pressure compensation piston structure of hydraulic cylinder. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the traditional technical field of hydraulic cylinder, hydraulic cylinder as the core executive element of hydraulic transmission system, its performance directly affects the running efficiency and stability of the whole system.

[0003] The traditional hydraulic cylinder usually adopts the design of fixed flow diameter, which is not flexible enough when facing different working pressure and flow demand;

[0004] Specifically, when the system pressure or flow changes, the traditional hydraulic cylinder cannot automatically adjust its internal flow diameter to adapt to the new working conditions, which may cause energy loss to increase when running under non-design conditions, reduce the overall energy efficiency of the system, and the traditional hydraulic cylinder is difficult to maintain the best performance under various working pressure and flow demand, limiting its application range.

[0005] Therefore, we propose a multi-stage pressure compensation piston structure of hydraulic cylinder. SUMMARY

[0006] The purpose of the present application is to provide a multi-stage pressure compensation piston structure of hydraulic cylinder to solve the problems raised in the background art.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides a multi-stage pressure compensation piston structure of hydraulic cylinder, comprising a cylinder body, the cylinder body is movably fitted with a piston block;

[0008] It also includes a pressure piece, a hydraulic shaft passing through one end of the cylinder body is fixedly connected with the piston block, a sleeve is fixedly connected in the cylinder body, the sleeve is a circular truncated cone structure, a plurality of insertion slots are provided on the sleeve, the diameters of the plurality of insertion slots are distributed in a decreasing manner, a plurality of insertion sleeves are respectively provided on the plurality of insertion slots, the end of the insertion sleeve located at the inner position is fixedly connected with a first movable plate, the ends of the remaining insertion sleeves are all fixedly connected with a second movable plate, the first movable plate and the second movable plate, and the adjacent two second movable plates are connected through the pressure piece;

[0009] By moving the first movable plate, the insertion sleeves are inserted into the corresponding insertion slots in order from outside to inside, changing the flow diameter in the cylinder body.

[0010] Preferably, the insertion slot is a missing ring shape, an embedding slot is provided on the insertion sleeve, and the embedding slot corresponds in position to the insertion slot of the sleeve.

[0011] Preferably, the outer surface of the plug-in barrel is fixedly connected with a missing ring plate, the missing ring plate is in abutting fit with the sleeve, the other end of the plug-in barrel is fixedly connected with a blocking ring plate, the blocking ring plate is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the adjacent plug-in barrel, and a blocking groove is formed in the blocking ring plate located at the inner position.

[0012] Preferably, the abutting piece comprises a fixed plate fixedly connected with the top end of the first movable plate and the second movable plate, a limiting rod movably penetrating through the fixed plate, and a compression spring connected between the fixed plate and the second movable plate located at the same horizontal position.

[0013] Preferably, the telescopic piece is fixedly installed at the end of the oil cylinder body, the telescopic shaft of the telescopic piece penetrates into the oil cylinder body and is fixedly connected with the first movable plate.

[0014] Preferably, the second movable plate is in T-shaped structure, and the second movable plate is in sliding fit with the notch of the blocking ring plate.

[0015] Preferably, the fixed plate is in L-shaped structure, the fixed plate is in sliding fit with the adjacent second movable plate, and the end of the fixed plate is in abutting fit with the middle part of the adjacent second movable plate.

[0016] Preferably, the movable groove is formed in the piston block, an inclined sealing piece is sleeved in the movable groove, and a plurality of fixed rods fixedly connected with the sealing piece are fixedly connected in the movable groove.

[0017] Preferably, the sealing piece is an elastic ring, a nylon steel wire rope fixedly connected with the fixed rod is fixedly connected in the elastic ring, and a gap is arranged between the outer surface of the fixed rod and the movable groove.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the application has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] The application realizes multi-stage adjustment of the internal flow diameter of the oil cylinder by setting multi-stage plug-in barrels and corresponding plug-in grooves and plugging one by one, so that the hydraulic cylinder can automatically adjust the flow diameter according to the system pressure and flow demand, thereby maintaining the best performance under different working conditions, the multi-stage pressure compensation design enables the hydraulic cylinder to maintain high energy efficiency under non-design working conditions, that is, by adjusting the flow diameter, energy loss is reduced, the overall energy efficiency of the system is improved, and the application range is expanded, and it is suitable for more complex industrial scenes.

[0020] The sealing property between the plug-in barrel and the sleeve is enhanced by setting the missing ring plate and the blocking ring plate, fluid leakage is prevented, and the working efficiency and safety of the hydraulic cylinder are improved, wherein the sealing piece is arranged in the movable groove in an inclined distribution, and the oil is used for lubrication, the dry friction and cracking risk of the sealing piece are reduced, and the service life of the sealing piece is prolonged. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 The overall structure of the present application is shown in the schematic diagram;

[0022] Figure 2 The overall structure of the present application is shown in the schematic diagram;

[0023] Figure 3 The overall structure of the present application is shown in the schematic diagram;

[0024] Figure 4 The overall structure of the present application is shown in the schematic diagram;

[0025] Figure 5 The overall structure of the present application is shown in the schematic diagram;

[0026] Figure 6 The overall structure of the present application is shown in the schematic diagram;

[0027] Figure 7 The overall structure of the present application is shown in the schematic diagram;

[0028] Figure 8 The overall structure of the present application is shown in the schematic diagram;

[0029] Figure 9 The overall structure of the present application is shown in the schematic diagram;

[0030] Figure 10 The overall structure of the present application is shown in the schematic diagram;

[0031] Figure 11 The overall structure of the present application is shown in the schematic diagram;

[0032] Figure 12 The overall structure of the present application is shown in the schematic diagram;

[0033] Figure 13 The overall structure of the present application is shown in the schematic diagram.

[0034] In the figure: 1, oil cylinder body; 2, piston block; 3, hydraulic shaft; 4, sleeve; 5, insertion slot; 6, insertion cylinder; 7, first movable plate; 8, second movable plate; 9, embedded slot; 10, missing ring plate; 11, plugging ring plate; 12, fixed plate; 13, limiting rod; 14, compression spring; 15, telescopic piece; 16, movable slot; 17, sealing piece; 18, sliding plate; 19, fixed rod; 20, nylon steel wire rope; 21, plugging slot. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] With reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of the present application.

[0036] Please refer to Figures 1-13 The present application provides a hydraulic cylinder with multi-stage pressure compensation piston structure, comprising a cylinder body 1, a piston block 2 movably fitted in the cylinder body 1;

[0037] Further comprising: a pressing member, a hydraulic shaft 3 fixedly connected with the piston block 2 and passing through one end of the cylinder body 1, wherein the outer surface of the hydraulic shaft 3 is fixedly connected with a plurality of evenly distributed sliding plates 18, the sliding plates 18 synchronously pass through the cylinder body 1, through the sliding fit of the sliding plates 18 and the cylinder body 1, the reciprocating movement of the hydraulic shaft 3 is ensured to be stable and not to rotate, thereby ensuring the stable movement of the piston block 2 and avoiding the rotation of the piston block 2 affecting the position of the sealing member 17, a sleeve 4 is fixedly connected in the cylinder body 1, the sleeve 4 is in the shape of a circular truncated cone, a plurality of insertion grooves 5 are formed in the sleeve 4, the diameters of the plurality of insertion grooves 5 are in a decreasing distribution, a plurality of insertion sleeves 6 correspondingly exist in the plurality of insertion grooves 5, the end of the insertion sleeve 6 located at the inner position is fixedly connected with a first movable plate 7, the ends of the remaining insertion sleeves 6 are all fixedly connected with a second movable plate 8, the first movable plate 7 and the second movable plate 8, and adjacent two second movable plates 8 are connected through the pressing member;

[0038] Through the movement of the first movable plate 7, the insertion sleeves 6 are inserted into the corresponding insertion grooves 5 in order from outside to inside, and the flow diameter in the cylinder body 1 is changed.

[0039] Through the setting of the multi-stage insertion sleeves 6 and the corresponding insertion grooves 5, the multi-stage adjustment of the flow diameter in the cylinder is realized, and the multi-stage pressure compensation is realized. This design enables the hydraulic cylinder to automatically adjust the flow diameter according to the system pressure and flow demand, thereby maintaining the best performance under different working conditions.

[0040] Among them, the multi-stage pressure compensation design enables the hydraulic cylinder to maintain high energy efficiency under non-design working conditions.

[0041] By adjusting the flow diameter, energy loss is reduced, the overall energy efficiency of the system is improved, and when facing pressure fluctuation or flow change, the hydraulic cylinder can automatically adjust the internal flow diameter, maintain stable work, reduce vibration and noise, and improve the reliability and service life of the system.

[0042] Thanks to its multi-stage pressure compensation capability, this hydraulic cylinder can maintain optimal performance under various working pressures and flow requirements, thereby expanding its application range and making it suitable for more complex industrial scenarios.

[0043] It is worth noting that by setting up structures such as the missing ring plate 10 and the sealing ring plate 11, the sealing between the plug-in cylinder 6 and the sleeve 4 is enhanced, fluid leakage is prevented, and the working efficiency and safety of the hydraulic cylinder are improved.

[0044] This extends the lifespan of the seal 17: by setting the seal 17 in an inclined distribution in the movable groove 16 and using oil for lubrication, the risk of dry friction and cracking of the seal 17 is reduced, thereby extending the service life of the seal 17.

[0045] The introduction of electric telescopic rods or telescopic cylinders makes driving the first movable plate 7 simpler and more reliable, reducing operational complexity.

[0046] The specific implementation method is as follows:

[0047] When pressure needs to be adjusted, the first movable plate 7 moves multiple second movable plates 8 through the pressing component, thereby moving multiple insert cylinders 6 toward the sleeve 4.

[0048] First, the outermost plug tube 6 is inserted into the corresponding plug slot 5. The outermost plug tube 6 remains in the same position to block and change the fluid flow diameter.

[0049] The remaining plug-in cylinders 6 continue to move, and the plug-in cylinder 6 closest to the outermost plug-in cylinder 6 is inserted into the corresponding plug-in groove 5, thereby continuing to change the fluid flow diameter, which gradually becomes smaller. During this process, the outermost plug-in cylinder 6 remains in the plugged state with the sleeve 4. ......

[0051] Finally, the innermost plug-in tube 6 is inserted into the corresponding plug-in slot 5, thereby switching the fluid flow diameter to the minimum diameter.

[0052] In this application, the pressing component includes a fixed plate 12 that is fixedly connected to the top of the first movable plate 7 and the second movable plate 8. A limiting rod 13 is movably passed through the fixed plate 12. A compression spring 14 is connected between the fixed plate 12 and the second movable plate 8 located at the same horizontal position. When the first movable plate 7 moves, it drives multiple second movable plates 8 to move synchronously, causing multiple plug-in cylinders 6 to move synchronously. When the outermost plug-in cylinder 6 is inserted into the corresponding plug-in slot 5, the outermost plug-in cylinder 6 cannot continue to move due to the action of the sleeve 4 and the missing ring plate 10. The other plug-in cylinders 6, the other second movable plates 8, and the first movable plate 7 continue to move. The compression spring 14 is compressed, and the limiting rod 13 slides adaptively along the fixed plate 12.

[0053] The insertion groove 5 is a ring-shaped part, and the insertion tube 6 has an embedding groove 9. The embedding groove 9 corresponds to the insertion groove 5 of the sleeve 4. When the insertion tube 6 is inserted into the corresponding insertion groove 5, the embedding groove 9 cooperates with the sleeve 4 to block the insertion groove 5 and prevent fluid from flowing out of the insertion groove 5.

[0054] A missing ring plate 10 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the plug-in tube 6. The missing ring plate 10 is pressed against the sleeve 4. A sealing ring plate 11 is fixedly connected to the other end of the plug-in tube 6. The sealing ring plate 11 slides in contact with the inner wall of the adjacent plug-in tube 6. A sealing groove 21 is opened on the multiple sealing ring plates 11 located inside. During the process of the plug-in tube 6 being inserted into the plug-in groove 5, the missing ring plate 10 is moved synchronously. When the plug-in tube 6 is fully inserted into the plug-in groove 5, the missing ring plate 10 is pressed tightly against the outer wall of the sleeve 4. On the one hand, this ensures that the plug-in tube 6 is stably inserted into the plug-in groove 5, and on the other hand, it increases the sealing between the sleeve 4 and the plug-in tube 6.

[0055] Explanation of how to drive the first movable plate 7: A telescopic component 15 is fixedly installed at the end of the cylinder body 1. The telescopic shaft of the telescopic component 15 passes through the cylinder body 1 and is connected and fixed to the first movable plate 7. In this application, the telescopic component 15 is selected as an electric telescopic rod or a telescopic cylinder device so that the telescopic end of the telescopic line can drive the first movable plate 7 to move smoothly.

[0056] The second movable plate 8 has a T-shaped structure. The protruding part of the second movable plate 8 slides in conjunction with the notch of the sealing ring plate 11. In this way, when the second movable plate 8 drives the plug-in cylinder 6 to move, it does not affect the mutual movement between the second movable plate 8 and the sealing ring plate 11 and will not cause motion interference. On the other hand, when the plug-in cylinder 6 is inserted into the plug-in groove 5, the second movable plate 8 cooperates with the notch of the sealing ring plate 11 located below (that is, the protruding part in the middle of the second movable plate 8 is sealed in conjunction with the sealing groove 21) to form a sealing structure.

[0057] It is worth noting that: the fixing plate 12 has an L-shaped structure. The fixing plate 12 is slidably engaged with the adjacent second movable plate 8. The end of the fixing plate 12 is pressed against the middle of the adjacent second movable plate 8. When the outermost plug-in tube 6 is inserted into the outermost plug-in slot 5 and fixed in position, the adjacent plug-in tube 6 continues to move. The fixing plate 12 on the adjacent second movable plate 8 moves along the outermost second movable plate 8. The compression spring 14 is compressed. When the adjacent plug-in tube 6 is inserted into the corresponding plug-in slot 5, the end of the fixing plate 12 on the adjacent second movable plate 8 presses against the middle of the outermost second movable plate 8, so that the adjacent second movable plate 8 and the adjacent plug-in tube 6 cannot move further.

[0058] The piston block 2 has a movable groove 16, and an inclined sealing element 17 is sleeved in the movable groove 16. Multiple fixed rods 19 are fixedly connected to the sealing element 17 in the movable groove 16. The piston block 2 drives the hydraulic shaft 3 to reciprocate through the oil supply pipes on both sides of the outermost second movable plate 8. The sealing element 17 in the movable groove 16 moves synchronously with the piston block 2. During this process, a small amount of oil enters between the inner wall of the cylinder body 1 and the piston block 2 (always maintaining an appropriate amount of oil in it, with some oil flowing out and some oil replenishing), that is, it enters the movable groove 16. When the inclined sealing element 17 moves, it drives the oil in the movable groove 16 to move, ensuring that an appropriate amount of oil is applied to the sealing element 17. The oil can reduce friction and wear, and at the same time prevent the sealing element 17 from cracking due to dry friction.

[0059] The sealing element 17 is an elastic ring, and a nylon steel wire rope 20, which is fixedly connected to the fixing rod 19, is fixed inside the elastic ring. The nylon steel wire rope 20 further maintains the inclined distribution of the sealing element 17 without affecting the slight movement of the sealing element 17. A gap is provided between the outer surface of the fixing rod 19 and the movable groove 16. The gap allows the oil in the movable groove 16 to move in the gap, thereby uniformly coating the entire sealing element 17.

[0060] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0061] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A hydraulic cylinder with a multi-stage pressure-compensated piston structure, comprising: The cylinder body (1) has a piston block (2) that is movably fitted inside it; The invention is characterized by further comprising: a pressing member, a hydraulic shaft (3) that is fixedly connected to the piston block (2) and passes through one end of the cylinder body (1), a sleeve (4) that is fixedly connected inside the cylinder body (1), the sleeve (4) having a frustum structure, a plurality of insertion slots (5) being provided on the sleeve (4), the diameters of the plurality of insertion slots (5) being distributed in a decreasing manner, and insertion cylinders (6) corresponding to the plurality of insertion slots (5), a first movable plate (7) being fixedly connected to the end of the insertion cylinder (6) located in the inner position, and a second movable plate (8) being fixedly connected to the end of the remaining insertion cylinders (6), the first movable plate (7) and the second movable plate (8), and two adjacent second movable plates (8) being connected by a pressing member; The first movable plate (7) moves, causing the plug-in cylinder (6) to be inserted into the corresponding plug-in slot (5) one by one in the order from the outside to the inside, thereby changing the flow diameter in the cylinder body (1).

2. The hydraulic cylinder with a multi-stage pressure-compensated piston structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The insertion slot (5) is in the shape of a missing ring, and the insertion tube (6) is provided with an embedding slot (9), which corresponds to the insertion slot (5) of the sleeve (4).

3. The hydraulic cylinder with a multi-stage pressure-compensated piston structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: A missing ring plate (10) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the plug tube (6). The missing ring plate (10) is pressed against the sleeve (4). A sealing ring plate (11) is fixedly connected to the other end of the plug tube (6). The sealing ring plate (11) slides in contact with the inner wall of the adjacent plug tube (6). Sealing grooves (21) are provided on the multiple sealing ring plates (11) located inside.

4. The hydraulic cylinder with a multi-stage pressure-compensated piston structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pressing component includes a fixed plate (12) that is fixedly connected to the top of the first movable plate (7) and the second movable plate (8). A limit rod (13) is movably passed through the fixed plate (12). A compression spring (14) is connected between the fixed plate (12) and the second movable plate (8) located at the same horizontal position.

5. The hydraulic cylinder with a multi-stage pressure-compensated piston structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: A telescopic component (15) is fixedly installed at the end of the cylinder body (1). The telescopic shaft of the telescopic component (15) passes through the cylinder body (1) and is connected and fixed to the first movable plate (7).

6. The hydraulic cylinder with a multi-stage pressure-compensated piston structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second movable plate (8) has a T-shaped structure and slides with the notch of the sealing ring plate (11).

7. The hydraulic cylinder with a multi-stage pressure-compensated piston structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The fixed plate (12) has an L-shaped structure. The fixed plate (12) slides with the adjacent second movable plate (8). The end of the fixed plate (12) presses against the middle of the adjacent second movable plate (8).

8. The hydraulic cylinder with a multi-stage pressure-compensated piston structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The piston block (2) is provided with a movable groove (16), and a seal (17) is sleeved in the movable groove (16) and is distributed at an incline. A plurality of evenly distributed sliding plates (18) are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the hydraulic shaft (3) and protrude from one end of the cylinder body (1). A plurality of fixed rods (19) are fixedly connected to the seal (17) in the movable groove (16).

9. The hydraulic cylinder with a multi-stage pressure-compensated piston structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The sealing element (17) is an elastic ring, and a nylon steel wire rope (20) that is fixedly connected to the fixing rod (19) is fixed inside the elastic ring. A gap is provided between the outer surface of the fixing rod (19) and the movable groove (16).

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