One-step magnesium smelting system

Abstract

A one-step magnesium smelting system relates to the technical field of metal smelting and comprises a feeding bin, a reaction bin, a first-stage cooling bin, a second-stage cooling bin and a discharging bin which are sequentially connected from top to bottom. The feeding bin, the reaction bin, the first-stage cooling bin, the second-stage cooling bin and the discharging bin are respectively connected with the vacuumizing opening; on-off valve groups are respectively arranged between the feeding bin and the reaction bin, between the first-stage cooling bin and the second-stage cooling bin and between the second-stage cooling bin and the discharging bin. The problems that in the smelting process of magnesium metal in the prior art, along with continuous feeding, reacting and reducing slag discharging, external air easily enters the tank body, and the stability in the magnesium smelting process is directly affected are solved; and the problems that feeding, reaction and reducing slag discharging are easy to interfere with one another, the functions cannot be independently completed, and continuous smelting cannot be realized are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of metal smelting technology, specifically to a one-step magnesium smelting system. Background Technology

[0002] The Pidgeon process is a classic method for magnesium smelting using the silicothermic process. Compared with other methods, this method has advantages such as fast plant construction, low investment, the ability to utilize multiple heat sources, and good product quality. However, problems such as intermittent operation, low single-unit production capacity, and high energy consumption have affected the development of this magnesium smelting method.

[0003] The prior art discloses a patent with publication number CN106435214A entitled "A Method for Removing Magnesium in a Zinc Smelting System". This method does not generate external wastewater, and the magnesium is discharged in the form of calcium magnesium slag, which can be used as a raw material for cement production.

[0004] With use, existing devices, including those mentioned above, have gradually revealed shortcomings in the prior art, mainly in the following aspects: First, during the smelting process of magnesium, with the continuous feeding and discharge of reducing slag, external air can easily enter the tank, directly affecting the stability of the magnesium smelting process.

[0005] Secondly, during the smelting process of magnesium, interference can easily occur between the entry of raw materials, the reaction, and the discharge of reducing slag, making it impossible to complete the functions independently and thus hindering continuous smelting, which affects the efficiency of magnesium smelting.

[0006] Third, when the pellets are stored in the silo, they need to be preheated using a heating structure so that they can quickly enter the next reaction process. This requires a lot of energy to heat the pellets, increasing energy consumption.

[0007] Fourth, when the cooled reduction slag enters the unloading hopper for temporary storage, the unloading structure is needed to scrape off the reduction slag adhering to the unloading hopper. The unloading structure affects the unloading speed when unloading the reduction slag.

[0008] Fifth, due to the high temperature of the reducing slag, existing cooling devices require a long cooling time to cool it. Due to the structural limitations of the heat exchange structure, the contact time and area between the reducing slag and the heat exchange structure cannot be increased, thus reducing the cooling efficiency of the reducing slag.

[0009] In conclusion, the existing technology obviously has inconveniences and defects in practical use, so it is necessary to improve it. Summary of the Invention

[0010] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a one-step magnesium smelting system. This system solves the problems in traditional magnesium smelting processes, such as the influx of external air into the tank during continuous feeding, reaction, and slag discharge, which directly affects the stability of the magnesium smelting process; and the potential for interference between feeding, reaction, and slag discharge, preventing independent completion of these functions and hindering continuous smelting, thus affecting magnesium smelting efficiency.

[0011] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: The one-step magnesium smelting system includes a feeding bin, a reaction bin, a primary cooling bin, a secondary cooling bin, and a discharge bin, which are connected sequentially from top to bottom. The feeding hopper, reaction hopper, primary cooling hopper, secondary cooling hopper, and unloading hopper are each connected to a vacuum port; On / off valve groups are respectively provided between the feeding silo and the reaction silo, between the primary cooling silo and the secondary cooling silo, and between the secondary cooling silo and the unloading silo; The reaction chamber is equipped with a reaction vessel connected to the feeding chamber. The reaction chamber is also equipped with a cavity connected to the inner cavity of the reaction vessel. The cavity is connected to a pre-extraction pipe and a main extraction pipe. The outlet end of the main extraction pipe is connected to a magnesium crystallization device.

[0012] As an optimized solution, a preheating coil and a waste heat recovery heating coil are arranged in parallel on the outer wall of the feeding hopper. A three-way valve is connected to the outlet end of the pre-extraction pipe, and the other two ports of the three-way valve are respectively connected to the vacuum port and the waste heat recovery heating coil.

[0013] As an optimized solution, the on / off valve group includes a feeding gate valve connected between the feeding hopper and the reaction chamber, a top gate valve connected between the primary cooling hopper and the secondary cooling hopper, a bottom gate valve connected between the secondary cooling hopper and the unloading hopper, and a vacuum lifting valve that slides vertically on the top of the reaction chamber to switch the inlet ends of the pre-extraction pipe and the main extraction pipe.

[0014] As an optimized solution, a discharge disc is oscillatingly installed at the lower end of the discharge bin, and a telescopic cylinder is hinged to the outer wall of the discharge bin, with the telescopic end of the telescopic cylinder hinged to the lower surface of the discharge disc.

[0015] As an optimized solution, the unloading hopper includes a vertically arranged straight cylindrical section. The upper end of the straight cylindrical section is fixedly connected to an upper conical section that tapers upwards, and the lower end of the straight cylindrical section is fixedly connected to a lower conical section that tapers downwards. Inside the straight cylindrical section, an upper rotating ring, a middle rotating ring, and a lower rotating ring are rotatably mounted side by side from top to bottom. Several vertically arranged upper scrapers are arranged between the opposite end faces of the upper rotating ring and the middle rotating ring. The sidewalls of the upper scrapers are in frictional contact with the inner wall of the straight cylindrical section.

[0016] As an optimized solution, a plurality of vertically arranged lower scrapers are provided between the opposite end faces of the intermediate ring and the lower ring, and the sidewalls of the lower scrapers are in frictional contact with the inner wall of the straight section.

[0017] As an optimized solution, a lower conical rotating ring is rotatably provided inside the lower conical section, and a plurality of inclined lower scrapers are arranged between the opposite end faces of the lower conical rotating ring and the lower rotating ring, and the side walls of the lower scrapers are in frictional contact with the inner wall of the lower conical section.

[0018] As an optimized solution, several rows of horizontally arranged cooling pipes are inserted side by side from top to bottom inside the primary and secondary cooling silos. Each row of cooling pipes has several pipes arranged side by side in the horizontal direction. Cooling fins are fixed to the opposite peripheral wall of each cooling pipe. Several cooling pipes in the same row are synchronously driven to rotate through an adjustment structure. Under normal conditions, the cooling fins are horizontally arranged, and under unloading conditions, the cooling fins are vertically arranged.

[0019] As an optimized solution, each row of cooling pipes in the primary and secondary cooling silos is further equipped with an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe, which are fixedly connected in parallel. The inlet pipe and the outlet pipe are located on both sides of the cooling pipe in each row, and the outer ends of the inlet pipe, the cooling pipe and the outlet pipe are connected in sequence by connecting elbows.

[0020] As an optimized solution, the adjustment structure includes a drive rod that is horizontally reciprocating and sliding. A rack is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the drive rod. A linkage gear is fixedly connected to a plurality of cooling pipes in the same row facing the same outer side wall. The linkage gear meshes with the rack.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This system reduces the need for separate calcination of dolomite in rotary kilns or other calcining equipment, eliminates the problem of dolomite sticking during the calcination and grinding process, and allows for a wider selection of dolomite. The process also significantly saves energy, shortens the entire process flow, and automates operations, reducing labor. The raw materials can be dolomite of various particle sizes that conform to the chemical composition of magnesium smelting (powder is also acceptable, regardless of the dolomite crystal structure), as well as 75# ferrosilicon. The entire operation is fully automated. Feeding and unloading are completed simultaneously in a sealed reactor. By setting up a vacuum port, air will not enter the reactor during feeding and slag unloading, and the ferrosilicon in the pellets will not be oxidized. The reactor is completely sealed, and there is almost no heat loss. The reduction slag undergoes two-stage cooling and waste heat recovery. The cooled reduction slag can be cold-transported. The waste heat carried by the carbon dioxide decomposed during the calcination of the pellets is used to preheat the raw materials in the feeding hopper. This not only saves energy consumption in the cooling and reheating of the calcined slag but also reuses the waste heat carried away by the flue gas. The pellets first added to the feeding hopper during startup are heated by the preheating coil. The heated pellets enter the reactor. When the pellets are reduced in the reactor to produce high-temperature carbon dioxide, the high-temperature carbon dioxide is introduced into the waste heat recovery heating coil through the three-way valve at the outlet of the pre-extraction pipe. This preheats the subsequently added pellets. The preheating coil is used only once each time the machine is started, and the rest of the time the waste heat is recovered, greatly reducing energy consumption. The high-temperature carbon dioxide, after exchanging heat with the feeding hopper, enters the next process for recovery. By using a heating carbon rod to achieve electrothermal method and precise temperature control of the reactor, coupled with precise vacuum control, the calcination and reduction reaction of dolomite can be perfectly integrated and completed in one stop on one piece of equipment, truly realizing one-step magnesium smelting. The pre-extraction pipe and the main extraction pipe are set up separately in the reaction chamber. During the pre-extraction, due to the airflow disturbance, a large amount of dust generated by the reactor is completely drawn away through the pre-extraction pipe. During the pre-extraction, the main extraction pipe is closed. During the main extraction, there is no dust generated by the airflow disturbance, only magnesium vapor. No more dust will enter the magnesium crystallization device along with the magnesium vapor. Therefore, the purity of the crystallized magnesium can reach 3N5 grade or above.

[0022] By setting up a primary cooling silo, a secondary cooling silo, and a discharge silo from top to bottom, the primary and secondary cooling silos are used to cool the reducing slag in a step-by-step manner. After the secondary cooling, the reducing slag falls into the discharge silo. The gate valve between adjacent silos can realize the opening and closing of adjacent silos, achieve sealing, prevent interference with the operation of other silos, and enable each silo to complete its function independently. The unloading bin consists of a straight section, an upper conical section, and a lower conical section. With the help of various internal scrapers, the reducing residue adhering to the inner wall of the unloading bin is scraped off. The unloading port of the unloading bin is located at the center of the lower conical section. With the help of a telescopic cylinder to drive the unloading disc to swing, the unloading port can be opened quickly, overcoming the influence of the unloading structure in traditional technology and improving the unloading speed. The drive motor rotates the intermediate rotating ring, which in turn drives the upper rotating ring, lower rotating ring, upper conical rotating ring, and lower conical rotating ring that are fixed to each other. This, in turn, drives the upper scraper, lower scraper, upper inclined scraper, and lower inclined scraper to rotate, achieving frictional contact with the inner wall of the unloading hopper. This effectively prevents the reducing residue from adhering to the inner wall of the unloading hopper. The telescopic cylinder drives the unloading disc to swing, opening the discharge port of the unloading hopper. Combined with the rotating scraping structure, the reducing residue is quickly discharged from the unloading hopper, which is convenient and fast. The primary and secondary cooling silos are equipped with several rows of horizontally arranged cooling pipes inserted side by side from top to bottom. Under normal conditions, the cooling fins are horizontally arranged to support the reducing slag, reduce the falling speed of the reducing slag, and increase the cooling time and cooling area with the cooling pipes. After cooling for a period of time, the drive cylinder drives the drive rod to move. The drive rod uses a rack to drive the linkage gear and the cooling pipe to rotate, thereby driving the cooling fins to be set downward. The reducing slag can continue to fall downward into the next silo, which greatly improves the cooling efficiency of the reducing slag. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. In all the drawings, similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals. In the drawings, the elements or parts are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the reaction chamber of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the pre-extraction pipe structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cavity structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the unloading hopper of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the primary cooling silo of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cooling fins of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the positions of the preheating coil and the waste heat recovery heating coil of the present invention.

[0025] In the diagram: 1-Feeding bin; 2-Reaction chamber; 3-Primary cooling bin; 4-Secondary cooling bin; 5-Discharge bin; 6-Reaction vessel; 7-Magnesium crystallization device; 8-Feeding gate valve; 9-Top gate valve; 10-Bottom gate valve; 11-Vacuum lifting valve; 12-Main extraction pipe; 13-Pre-extraction pipe; 14-Three-way valve; 15-Cavity; 16-Suction channel; 17-Straight section; 18-Upper conical section; 19-Lower conical section; 20-Upper rotating ring; 21-Lower rotating ring; 22-Middle rotating ring; 23-Geared ring; 24-Driver; 25-Drive gear; 26-Upper conical rotating ring; 27-Lower conical rotating ring; 28-Upper scraper; 29-Lower scraper; 30-Upper inclined scraper; 31-Lower inclined scraper; 32-Telescopic cylinder; 33-Discharge disc; 34-Linkage gear; 35-Connecting cylinder; 36-Inlet pipe; 37-Outlet pipe; 38-Connecting elbow; 39-Drive rod; 40-Guide seat; 41-Drive cylinder; 42-Cooling fins; 43-Rack; 44-Cooling pipe; 45-Preheating coil; 46-Waste heat recovery heating coil. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The embodiments of the technical solution of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solution of the present invention and are therefore intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the one-step magnesium smelting system includes a feeding bin 1, a reaction bin 2, a primary cooling bin 3, a secondary cooling bin 4, and a discharge bin 5, which are connected sequentially from top to bottom. Feeding hopper 1, reaction hopper 2, primary cooling hopper 3, secondary cooling hopper 4, and unloading hopper 5 are each connected to a vacuum port; A set of on / off valves is provided between the feeding silo 1 and the reaction silo 2, between the primary cooling silo 3 and the secondary cooling silo 4, and between the secondary cooling silo 4 and the unloading silo 5.

[0028] The reaction chamber 2 is equipped with a reaction vessel 6 that is connected to the feeding chamber 1. The reaction chamber 2 is equipped with a cavity 15 that is connected to the inner cavity of the reaction vessel 6. The cavity 15 is connected to a pre-extraction pipe 13 and a main extraction pipe 12. The outlet end of the main extraction pipe 12 is connected to a magnesium crystallization device 7. The structure of the magnesium crystallization device 7 is common knowledge in the field and is not an innovation of this solution, so it will not be described in detail here.

[0029] The outer wall of the feeding hopper 1 is provided with a preheating coil 45 and a waste heat recovery heating coil 46 arranged in parallel.

[0030] The outlet end of the pre-evacuation pipe 13 is connected to a three-way valve 14, and the other two ports of the three-way valve 14 are connected to the vacuum port and the waste heat recovery heating coil 46, respectively.

[0031] The reaction chamber 2 is provided with several suction channels 16 arranged in parallel and tilted upwards. The inlet end of the suction channel 16 is connected to the reaction vessel 6, and the outlet end of the suction channel 16 is connected to the cavity 15.

[0032] The on / off valve assembly includes a feeding gate valve 8 connected between the feeding hopper 1 and the reaction hopper 2, a top gate valve 9 connected between the primary cooling hopper 3 and the secondary cooling hopper 4, and a bottom gate valve 10 connected between the secondary cooling hopper 4 and the unloading hopper 5.

[0033] The top of the reaction chamber 2 is equipped with vacuum lifting valves 11 at the inlet ends of the pre-extraction pipe 13 and the main extraction pipe 12, which slide vertically.

[0034] Inside reaction chamber 2, several heating carbon rods that penetrate reaction vessel 6 are arranged in a matrix and placed side by side.

[0035] The lower end of the unloading bin 5 is oscillatingly mounted with an unloading disc 33. A telescopic cylinder 32 is hinged to the outer wall of the unloading bin 5. The telescopic end of the telescopic cylinder 32 is hinged to the lower surface of the unloading disc 33.

[0036] The unloading hopper 5 includes a vertically arranged straight cylindrical section 17, with an upper conical section 18 that tapers upwards fixed to the upper end of the straight cylindrical section 17, and a lower conical section 19 that tapers downwards fixed to the lower end of the straight cylindrical section 17.

[0037] Inside the straight section 17, an upper rotating ring 20, a middle rotating ring 22, and a lower rotating ring 21 are installed in parallel and rotating from top to bottom. Several vertically arranged upper scrapers 28 are arranged between the opposite end faces of the upper rotating ring 20 and the middle rotating ring 22. The side walls of the upper scrapers 28 are in frictional contact with the inner wall of the straight section 17.

[0038] A number of vertically arranged lower scrapers 29 are provided between the opposite end faces of the intermediate ring 22 and the lower ring 21, and the side wall of the lower scraper 29 is in frictional contact with the inner wall of the straight section 17.

[0039] The upper conical section 18 is provided with an upper conical rotating ring 26 inside. Several inclined upper scrapers 30 are arranged between the opposite end faces of the upper conical rotating ring 26 and the upper rotating ring 20. The side wall of the upper scraper 30 is in frictional contact with the inner wall of the upper conical section 18.

[0040] The lower conical section 19 has a rotating lower conical ring 27 inside. Several inclined lower scrapers 31 are arranged between the opposite end faces of the lower conical ring 27 and the lower ring 21. The side wall of the lower scraper 31 is in frictional contact with the inner wall of the lower conical section 19.

[0041] A flange is fixed to the lower end of the unloading bin 5, and one end of the unloading plate 33 is hinged to the side wall of the flange using a hinge assembly.

[0042] A bottom hinge seat is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the unloading disc 33 near the hinge assembly, and the bottom hinge seat is hinged to the telescopic end of the telescopic cylinder 32.

[0043] A top hinge seat is fixed to the outer wall of the unloading hopper 5, and the top hinge seat is hinged to the cylinder end of the telescopic cylinder 32.

[0044] A gear ring 23 is fixedly connected to the outer ring of the transfer ring 22. A ring groove that mates with the gear ring 23 is opened on the inner wall of the straight section 17. A drive motor 24 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the straight section 17. A drive gear 25 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the drive motor 24. A clearance hole that communicates with the ring groove is opened on the straight section 17. The drive gear 25 passes through the clearance hole and meshes with the gear ring 23.

[0045] Inside the primary cooling silo 3 and the secondary cooling silo 4, several rows of horizontally arranged cooling pipes 44 are inserted side by side from top to bottom. Each row of cooling pipes 44 has several pipes arranged side by side in the horizontal direction. Cooling fins 42 are fixed to the opposite peripheral wall of each cooling pipe 44. Several cooling pipes 44 in the same row are synchronously driven to rotate through an adjustment structure. Under normal conditions, the cooling fins 42 are horizontally arranged, and under unloading conditions, the cooling fins 42 are vertically arranged.

[0046] The two cooling fins 42 on the cooling pipe 44 are in the same diameter direction.

[0047] Inside the primary cooling silo 3 and the secondary cooling silo 4, each row of cooling pipes 44 is also connected to an inlet pipe 36 and an outlet pipe 37 in parallel. The inlet pipe 36 and the outlet pipe 37 are located on both sides of each row of cooling pipes 44. The outer ends of the inlet pipe 36, the cooling pipes 44 and the outlet pipe 37 are connected in sequence by a connecting elbow 38.

[0048] The two ends of the cooling pipe 44 extend to the outside of the primary cooling silo 3 or the secondary cooling silo 4, and are rotatably inserted into the port of the connecting elbow 38.

[0049] The adjustment structure includes a drive rod 39 that is horizontally reciprocating and sliding. A rack 43 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the drive rod 39. A number of cooling pipes 44 on the same row are fixedly connected to a linkage gear 34 facing the same outer side wall. The linkage gear 34 meshes with the rack 43.

[0050] On the outer walls of the primary cooling silo 3 and the secondary cooling silo 4, two guide seats 40 are fixedly connected in parallel to each drive rod 39. The guide seats 40 are provided with guide holes that match the drive rod 39, and the drive rod 39 is slidably installed in the guide holes.

[0051] On the outer walls of the primary cooling silo 3 and the secondary cooling silo 4, a drive cylinder 41 is horizontally fixed to each drive rod 39. The telescopic end of the drive cylinder 41 is fixed to one end of the drive rod 39.

[0052] A sealing ring is provided between the outer wall of the cooling pipe 44 and the inner wall of the connecting elbow 38.

[0053] A connecting cylinder 35 is fixedly connected to the other end of the inlet pipe 36 and the outlet pipe 37.

[0054] The working principle of this device is as follows: This system reduces the need for separate calcination of dolomite in rotary kilns or other calcining equipment, eliminates the problem of dolomite sticking during the calcination and grinding process, and allows for a wider selection of dolomite. The process also significantly saves energy, shortens the entire process flow, and automates operations, reducing labor. The raw materials can be dolomite of various particle sizes that conform to the chemical composition of magnesium smelting (powder is also acceptable, regardless of the dolomite crystal structure), as well as 75 ferrosilicon. The entire operation is fully automated. Feeding and unloading are completed simultaneously in the sealed state of reactor 6. By setting up a vacuum port, air will not enter reactor 6 during the feeding and slag unloading process, and the ferrosilicon in the pellets will not be oxidized. Reactor 6 is completely sealed, and there is almost no heat loss. The reduction slag undergoes two-stage cooling and waste heat recovery. The cooled reduction slag can be cold-transported. The waste heat carried by the carbon dioxide decomposed during the calcination of the pellets is used to preheat the raw materials in the feeding bin 1. This not only saves energy consumption in the cooling and reheating of the calcined slag but also reuses the waste heat carried away by the flue gas. The pellets first added to the feeding bin 1 during startup are heated by the preheating coil 45. The heated pellets enter the reactor 6. When the pellets are reduced in the reactor 6 to produce high-temperature carbon dioxide, the high-temperature carbon dioxide is introduced into the waste heat recovery heating coil 46 through the three-way valve 14 at the outlet of the pre-extraction pipe 13. This preheats the subsequently added pellets. Each time the machine is started, the preheating coil 45 is used only once, and the rest of the time the waste heat is recovered by the waste heat recovery heating coil 46, which greatly reduces energy consumption. The high-temperature carbon dioxide, after exchanging heat with the feeding bin 1, enters the next process for recovery. By using a heating carbon rod to achieve electrothermal method and precisely controlling the temperature of reactor 6, coupled with precise vacuum control, the calcination and reduction reactions of dolomite can be perfectly integrated and completed in one stop on one piece of equipment, truly realizing one-step magnesium smelting. The pre-extraction pipe 13 and the main extraction pipe 12 are set in the reaction chamber 2 respectively. During the pre-extraction, due to the airflow disturbance, a large amount of dust generated by the reaction vessel 6 is completely drawn away from the pre-extraction pipe 13. During the pre-extraction, the main extraction pipe 12 is closed. During the main extraction, there is no dust generated by the airflow disturbance. Only magnesium vapor is present. No more dust will enter the magnesium crystallization device 7 along with the magnesium vapor. Therefore, the purity of the crystallized magnesium can reach 3N5 grade or above.

[0055] By setting up a primary cooling silo 3, a secondary cooling silo 4, and a discharge silo 5 from top to bottom, the primary cooling silo 3 and the secondary cooling silo 4 achieve stepwise cooling of the reducing slag. After the secondary cooling, the reducing slag falls into the discharge silo 5. The gate valve between adjacent silos can realize the opening and closing between adjacent silos, achieve sealing, prevent interference with the operation of other silos, and realize the independent completion of the function of each silo. The unloading bin 5 includes a straight section 17, an upper conical section 18, and a lower conical section 19. With the help of various internal scrapers, the reducing residue adhering to the inner wall of the unloading bin 5 is scraped off. The unloading port of the unloading bin 5 is located at the center of the lower conical section 19. With the help of the telescopic cylinder 32 driving the unloading disc 33 to swing, the unloading port can be opened quickly, overcoming the influence of the unloading structure in the traditional technology and improving the unloading speed. The drive motor 24 drives the intermediate rotating ring 22 to rotate, thereby driving the upper rotating ring 20, lower rotating ring 21, upper conical rotating ring 26 and lower conical rotating ring 27, which are fixed to the upper and lower parts, to rotate. This, in turn, drives the upper scraper 28, lower scraper 29, upper inclined scraper 30 and lower inclined scraper 31 to rotate, achieving frictional contact with the inner wall of the unloading bin 5. This effectively prevents the reducing residue from adhering to the inner wall of the unloading bin 5. The telescopic cylinder 32 drives the unloading disc 33 to swing, thereby opening the discharge port of the unloading bin 5. Combined with the rotating scraping structure, the reducing residue is quickly discharged from the unloading bin 5, which is convenient and fast. The primary cooling bin 3 and the secondary cooling bin 4 are equipped with several rows of horizontally arranged cooling pipes 44 arranged side by side from top to bottom. Under normal conditions, the cooling fins 42 are also horizontally arranged. This supports the reducing slag, reduces the falling speed of the reducing slag, and increases the cooling time and cooling area with the cooling pipes 44. After cooling for a period of time, the drive cylinder 41 drives the drive rod 39 to move. The drive rod 39 uses the rack 43 to drive the linkage gear 34 and the cooling pipes 44 to rotate, thereby driving the cooling fins 42 to be set downward. The reducing slag can continue to fall downward into the next bin, which greatly improves the cooling efficiency of the reducing slag.

[0056] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims and specification of the present invention.

Claims

1. A one-step magnesium smelting system, characterized in that: It includes a feeding bin (1), a reaction bin (2), a primary cooling bin (3), a secondary cooling bin (4), and a discharge bin (5) connected sequentially from top to bottom; The feeding hopper (1), reaction hopper (2), primary cooling hopper (3), secondary cooling hopper (4) and unloading hopper (5) are respectively connected to vacuum ports; A shut-off valve group is provided between the feeding hopper (1) and the reaction hopper (2), between the primary cooling hopper (3) and the secondary cooling hopper (4), and between the secondary cooling hopper (4) and the unloading hopper (5); The reaction chamber (2) is equipped with a reaction vessel (6) connected to the feeding chamber (1). The reaction chamber (2) is equipped with a cavity (15) connected to the inner cavity of the reaction vessel (6). The cavity (15) is connected to a pre-extraction pipe (13) and a main extraction pipe (12). The outlet end of the main extraction pipe (12) is connected to a magnesium crystallization device (7).

2. The one-step magnesium smelting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the feeding hopper (1) is provided with a preheating coil (45) and a waste heat recovery heating coil (46) arranged in parallel. The outlet end of the pre-extraction pipe (13) is connected to a three-way valve (14). The other two ports of the three-way valve (14) are respectively connected to the vacuum port and the waste heat recovery heating coil (46).

3. The one-step magnesium smelting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The on / off valve group includes a feeding gate valve (8) connected between the feeding hopper (1) and the reaction hopper (2), a top gate valve (9) connected between the primary cooling hopper (3) and the secondary cooling hopper (4), a bottom gate valve (10) connected between the secondary cooling hopper (4) and the unloading hopper (5), and a vacuum lifting valve (11) that slides vertically on the top of the reaction hopper (2) to switch the inlet end of the pre-extraction pipe (13) and the main extraction pipe (12).

4. The one-step magnesium smelting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the unloading bin (5) is oscillatingly mounted with an unloading disc (33), and a telescopic cylinder (32) is hinged to the outer wall of the unloading bin (5). The telescopic end of the telescopic cylinder (32) is hinged to the lower surface of the unloading disc (33).

5. The one-step magnesium smelting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The unloading hopper (5) includes a vertically arranged straight cylindrical section (17). The upper end of the straight cylindrical section (17) is fixedly connected to an upper conical section (18) that is gradually tapered upwards. The lower end of the straight cylindrical section (17) is fixedly connected to a lower conical section (19) that is gradually tapered downwards. Inside the straight cylindrical section (17), an upper rotating ring (20), a middle rotating ring (22), and a lower rotating ring (21) are rotatably mounted side by side from top to bottom. A number of vertically arranged upper scrapers (28) are arranged between the opposite end faces of the upper rotating ring (20) and the middle rotating ring (22). The side wall of the upper scraper (28) is in frictional contact with the inner wall of the straight cylindrical section (17).

6. The one-step magnesium smelting system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The lower conical section (19) is provided with a lower conical rotating ring (27) inside. A number of inclined lower scrapers (31) are arranged between the opposite end faces of the lower conical rotating ring (27) and the lower rotating ring (21). The side wall of the lower scraper (31) is in frictional contact with the inner wall of the lower conical section (19).

7. The one-step magnesium smelting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The primary cooling silo (3) and the secondary cooling silo (4) are equipped with several rows of horizontally arranged cooling pipes (44) arranged side by side from top to bottom. Each row of cooling pipes (44) has several cooling pipes arranged side by side in the horizontal direction. Cooling fins (42) are fixed to the opposite peripheral wall of each cooling pipe (44). Several cooling pipes (44) in the same row are synchronously driven to rotate by an adjustment structure. Under normal conditions, the cooling fins (42) are arranged horizontally, and under unloading conditions, the cooling fins (42) are arranged vertically.

8. The one-step magnesium smelting system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The primary cooling silo (3) and the secondary cooling silo (4) are respectively connected to each row of cooling pipes (44) with an inlet pipe (36) and an outlet pipe (37) in parallel. The inlet pipe (36) and the outlet pipe (37) are located on both sides of each row of cooling pipes (44). The outer ends of the inlet pipe (36), the cooling pipe (44) and the outlet pipe (37) are connected in sequence by a connecting elbow (38).

9. The one-step magnesium smelting system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The adjustment structure includes a drive rod (39) that is horizontally reciprocating and sliding. A rack (43) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the drive rod (39). A plurality of cooling pipes (44) on the same row are fixedly connected to a linkage gear (34) facing the same outer side wall. The linkage gear (34) meshes with the rack (43).

10. The one-step magnesium smelting system according to claim 6, characterized in that: A plurality of vertically arranged lower scrapers (29) are provided between the opposite end faces of the intermediate ring (22) and the lower ring (21), and the side wall of the lower scraper (29) is in frictional contact with the inner wall of the straight section (17).

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